{精品}名詞性從句課件高三復(fù)習(xí)

1、辨別下列名詞性從句的類別：1.How the book will sell depends on its author.2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.6.It is im

2、possible that I go and attend the meeting.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連接詞：連接詞：that, whether, if連接代詞：連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：連接副詞：when, where, how, why1。that只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，

3、本身也沒有詞義，本身也沒有詞義，中可省略中可省略2。不充當(dāng)介。不充當(dāng)介3。 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、和同位語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,that不可省略。不可省略。That/wh-clause + v +主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句S + vt + that/wh-clause賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句S + vi + prep + wh-clause賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通常主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)itit代替，而本身代替，而本身放在句

4、子末尾。放在句子末尾。 It 作形式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主作形式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞沒有變化。例如：語(yǔ)從句的連接詞沒有變化。例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)，而句子成分，如主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)，而that 則則不然。例如：不然。例如： 1) _you said yesterda

5、y is right. 2) _she is still alive is a good thing. It is right what you said yesterday.It is a good thing that she is still alive.WhatThat2. what 與與that 在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別 賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 (及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞) 或介詞之后?；蚪樵~之后。1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ) (1) 由由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓

6、語(yǔ)從句(that 通?？梢允÷酝ǔ？梢允÷?, 例如：例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由由what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，例如：引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，例如： She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，例如：例

7、如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate(合作）合作）with one another.3. 作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)，作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)，例如：例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.4. it 可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)可以作為形式賓語(yǔ) it 不僅可以作為形式主語(yǔ)，還可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)而真正不僅可以作為形式主語(yǔ)，還可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)而真正的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)

8、的句子中。中。 例如：例如： We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.5. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移否定的轉(zhuǎn)移 若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語(yǔ)等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。例如：謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。例如：_我認(rèn)為這件衣我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。服不適合你穿。I dont think the dre

9、ss fits you well 表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)從句”?？伞？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。另等。另外，常用的還有外，常用的還有the reason is that 和和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：例如：1) The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This

10、 is _ we cant get the support of the people.3) But the fact remains _ we are behind the other classes.4) The reason _ he is late for school is _ he missed the early bus. whether/howwhythatwhythat1. 同位語(yǔ)從句的功能同位語(yǔ)從句的功能 同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導(dǎo)，例如：引導(dǎo)，例如： 1) The kings

11、 decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2. 同位語(yǔ)在句子中的位置同位語(yǔ)在句子中的位置 同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的名詞后面，而是被別同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如：的詞隔開。例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was pu

12、t off. 3. 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別(1) 定語(yǔ)從句中的定語(yǔ)從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中作作某個(gè)成分（主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)）某個(gè)成分（主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)），而同位語(yǔ)從句中的，而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連詞，是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。(2) 定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，行詞加以限定，描述它的性質(zhì)或特征描述它的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞；同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的，其功能是性的，其功能是對(duì)名

13、詞進(jìn)行具體內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行具體內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。例如：。例如：1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。）（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。）（第一（第一個(gè)個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)的從句是定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯（湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。）姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。）（同位語(yǔ)從句，（同位語(yǔ)從句，that在句中不作在句中不作任

14、何成分）任何成分）1. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句Whether he will come is unknown. 2. 表語(yǔ)從句，如：表語(yǔ)從句，如：The question is whether you should accept it.3. 同位語(yǔ)從句，如：同位語(yǔ)從句，如：The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.4. 從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，如：從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，如： Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we have got

15、 enough money. 5. 直接跟不定式連用，如：直接跟不定式連用，如：She hasnt decided whether to go or not.用if 或whether 填空1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters l

16、ittle to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf 同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句that（連詞）連詞）只起連接的作用,不充當(dāng)句子成分that(關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞) 充當(dāng)一定的句子成分(主，賓，表）同位語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，表示這個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，表示“的”。同位語(yǔ)從句的that 一般不能省而定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞that，當(dāng)其在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常?？梢允÷詔hat在同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的（I）試比較下面兩個(gè)例句）試比較下面兩

17、個(gè)例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good.2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.（that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ), 可以省略）可以省略） （that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,在從句中不擔(dān)在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分，但不可以省略）當(dāng)任何成分，但不可以省略） 辨別下列從句是定語(yǔ)從句還是同位語(yǔ)從句辨別下列從句是定語(yǔ)從句還是同位語(yǔ)從句1.We heard the news tha

18、t our team had won.2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money.3. The news that he told me yesterday was false.4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從同位語(yǔ)從句句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。1.What he

19、wants is a book.2.It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.4.This is why he did it.5.Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?6.That he wants a book is certain.7.I suggested just now we (should) take part in

20、 this activity.8.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.9.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.10.The problem is whether you can sing it well.11.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.12.Please tell me who your monitor is. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從

21、句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句1.what / thata._ he said at the meeting surprised us.b._ he spoke（發(fā)言）（發(fā)言） at the meeting surprised us.2. if / whether _you go or stay at home wont make any differences. 3. What a pity _is _you didnt arrive by daylight. A. there, because B. it, that C. he, when D. that, for4.no matter

22、how/who/what/where/when We are ready to do _ the country wants us to do. A. what B. which C. no matter what D. whatever WhatThatWhetherBD 高考再現(xiàn)高考再現(xiàn)1. (NMET 1995) is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It2.(NMET 1996) we cant get seems better

23、than we have.A. What,what B. What,that C. That,thatD. That,what3.(NMET 2001春春)I read about it in some book or other, does it matter it was?A.where B.what C.how D.which4.(NMET 1997)Its generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. however B.whatever C. whichever D.wherever5.(NMET 199

24、9) I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.whereDADBA6.(上海上海2002) Theres a feeling in me well never know what a UFO is-not ever.A.that B.which C. of which D.whatA1.It is important that _ our education in all available ways. A. we must devel

25、op B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop2.It is necessary that _ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. We get everything ready D. we must get everything ready 3.It was natural that _. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them4.I wonder _. A. whether or not Ill catch the last bus B. if or