超經(jīng)典“情態(tài)動詞havedone”表推測一覽表

1、情態(tài)動詞 + h a v e d o n e ” 表推測一覽表情態(tài)動詞+ have done用法例句must have done一定已經(jīng)做了They must have finished their work.can't have done/、可能已經(jīng)做了They can't have finished their workcould have done可能已經(jīng)做了或本來可能做但未做You could have used my computer because I didn't use it.may have done也許已經(jīng)做了They may have finish

2、ed their work.might have done也許已經(jīng)做了或本來可以做但未做You might have used my computer because I didn't use it.Should/ought to have done本來該做但未做You Should have studied hard.need not have done本來/、必做但做了You need not have gone out.would rather have done過去寧愿做但未做I would rather not have gone there.would like to ha

3、ve done過去想做但未做I would like to have seen the film.had better have done當(dāng)時最好做了杲事You't better have gone there."情態(tài)動詞+be doing”表推測一覽表情態(tài)動詞+ be doing用法例句must be doing一定正在做They must be watching TV now.can't be doing不可能正在做They can't be watching TV now.May/might be doing也許正在做They may be watchi

4、ng TV now.口訣：“情動”加上have done,推測事情已經(jīng)干;“情動”加上be doing,推測事情在進(jìn)行；條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣：條件句分為真實條件句和虛擬條件句兩種，真實條件句用陳述語氣，虛擬條件句用虛擬語氣。（虛擬條件句是虛擬語氣的重點）虛擬條件句關(guān)鍵是要熟練掌握以下三大公式:三個相反從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反If sb did/were Sb would/should/could/might do 與過去事實相反If sb had done Sb would/should/could/might have done/have been 與將來事實相反If sb did/wer

5、e If sb were to do If sb should do Sb would/should/could/might do 1、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣：有三種情況一是在動詞 insist（堅持）,order（命令）,command（命令）,suggest 建議）,advise（建議）。Recommend（建議，推薦），require （要求），request （請求）,demand （要求）,desire （要求，愿望）,等動詞后面的賓語從句中一般用虛擬語氣，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+should+動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。把以上10個動詞簡稱為：一個“堅持”，兩個“命令”，三個“建議

6、”，四個“要求”。二是動詞wish之后接賓語從句一定要用虛擬語氣。從句的時態(tài)是：1、與過去事實相反用 had done/had been,2、與現(xiàn)在事實相反用 did或were,3、與將來事實相反用“would/might/could/should+動詞原形”。注意：wish在簡單句中并非表示的是虛擬語氣，如：wish you succes翻你成功。三是在would rather的賓語從句中，也要使用虛擬語氣，其從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)用一般過去時。如：Iwould rather you didn't hear what I said.我寧愿你沒有聽至U我說的話。2、主語從句中的虛擬語氣少

7、數(shù)“it is+形容詞+that+主語+should+動詞原形”,其中should同樣可以省略。常見形容詞有： important,necessary,strange,unusual,curious,remarkable,surprising,desirable,natu 鐐1。3、定語從句中的虛擬語氣“it is(high/about) time that+主語+動詞的過去式，或者是“shou1d+動詞原形"。Time是先行詞 ， that 是引導(dǎo)詞 ， 其意思是“早該做什么事了”如：1、 It is high time that you went to school尸it is

8、high time that you should go to schooK該上學(xué)了。2、 It is about time that you picked up your daughter at school.= It is about time that you should pick up your daughter at school 你該去學(xué)校接你女兒了。熟練掌握強調(diào)句型：句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：it is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+句子原有部分。在強調(diào)句型中，強調(diào)人時，一般用 who,也可用that,但強調(diào)時間，地點等時只能用that,不能用 when,where等。1、 強調(diào)主語

9、2、 強調(diào)地點狀語3、 強調(diào)時間狀語4、 強調(diào)賓語。notuntil的三大句型：例：媽媽回家之后我才睡覺。正常 I did not go to bed until my mother come back home.強調(diào) It was not until my mother came back home that I went to bed.倒裝 Not until my mother came back home did I go to bed.not 在句首，就是倒裝句，如果it怎樣識別notuntil是強調(diào)句還是倒裝句呢？很簡單，如果否定詞 在句首，就是強調(diào)句。it 的 10 大句型1、I

10、t was for the first time that I wrote to a foreign pen friend這確實是我第一次給一個外國筆友寫 信。這是強調(diào)句型。還原為：I wrote to a foreign pen friend for the first time.2、 It is the first time that I have written to a foreign pen friend. 這是我第一次給一個外國筆友寫信這是定語從句， that 之后的時態(tài)要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。3、 It was eight when the class點鐘開始上課。這是時間狀語從句，強

11、調(diào)句型：It was at eight that the class began.4、It is possible that I will enter this key university.我上這所重點大學(xué)是可能的。這是主語從句。 It 是形式主語。 that I will enter this key university 是真正主語。還原成：That I will enter this key university is possible.5、 It is/has been three years since he got married結(jié)婚（成家）已經(jīng)三年了。It is/has bee

12、n some time since sb d（d§暫性動詞）sth.意為“自從某人干某事已經(jīng)有多長時間”例如：It is/has been three years since he worked here不在這兒工作已經(jīng)三年了。6、It will be one year before she finishes middle schools有一年時間她就中學(xué)畢業(yè)了。It is/was/ will be some time before意為過多長時間后再干什么”。7、It is high time we went to school.我們上學(xué)的時間到了。這時定語從句，在It is (hi

13、gh) time that句型中，that之后謂語動詞的時態(tài)要用一般過去時或“should+動詞原形”，屬于虛擬語氣。8、It is said that a new factory will be built nearby my hometown據(jù)說一家新工廠將見在我家鄉(xiāng)附 近。這時主語從句。it is+過去分詞 +that 類似的句型還有：It is reported that/ It is known that/ It is thought that / It is suggested tha t / It is believed that / It is hoped that等。9、It

14、 looks as if it is going to snow.看起來要下雪了。這時表語從句，類似的句型還有：It seems to sb that / It (so)happened that" It appears to sbthat(=as if)等。10、 It is necessary that we should master a foreign language們掌握一門夕卜語是必需的。這是主語從句，在"It is+少數(shù)形容詞+that sb should do”這種句型中，it同樣是形式主語，that之后從句的謂語動詞是“should+動詞原形”，其中sh

15、ould可以省略。這樣的形容詞有necessary/important/unusual/strange/naturai。情態(tài)動詞+have done表推測一、must have done 一定已經(jīng)做了。They must have finished their work.他們一定做了他們的工作。二、1、Can have done.可能已經(jīng)做了。2、Can't have done不可能已經(jīng)做了。They can have finished /homework so quickly.他們可能很快完成他們的工作。They can'n have finished /homework s

16、o quickly.他們不可能很快完成他們的工作。They can have gone to bed /since /the door is closed門關(guān)著，他們可能已經(jīng)睡著了。完一 I成時態(tài)+since三、1、Could have done.可能已經(jīng)做過。（對過去事情的推測）2、Couldn't have done.不可能已經(jīng)做過。You could have used my computer because I didn't use it.你可能使用過我的游戲機。因為我不能使用它。you couldn't have used my computer.你不可能使用

17、過我的游戲機。3、Could have done表過去虛擬語氣，過去表本來會做而未做。含責(zé)備,遺憾的語氣。It was so fine yesterday, you could have come out for a walk.（對過去的虛擬語氣）昨天天氣好，你本來可以出來散散步的。（事實上沒有散步， 對過去本來會做而沒有做。）4、would have done.表示虛擬語氣，本來完全可以做，而沒有做。I would have come /to help /you with the work yesterday （to do）/but I was too busy.昨天我本想幫你做工作的，但我

18、太忙了。（遺憾的語氣）四、should have done表示虛擬語氣，本應(yīng)該做而沒有做。should=ought to應(yīng)該1、 Shouldn't have done本不應(yīng)該做。（事實上做了）jHe shouldn't have swum /in the lake /alone.他本不應(yīng)該獨自一人在湖里游泳。（事實上已經(jīng)游泳了，責(zé)備的語氣）2、you should have studied hard.你本來應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)努力。（事實上沒有做到）五、needn't have done.表示虛擬語氣。本來不必做，但做了?！岸啻艘慌e”1、You needn't have

19、watered /the flowers.你本來不需要給花澆水。六、will /shall have done.表示將來完成時，不表示推測，也不表示虛擬。七、may have done.也許已經(jīng)做了。They may have finished homework.他們也許已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)。You may have read the book.他也許已經(jīng)讀過書。人、might have done.也許已經(jīng)做過，本來做但未做。（虛擬語氣）They might have won the match.他們本來可以贏得這場比賽。（事實上沒有贏）I might have passed the exam我本來可

20、以通過考試。（事實上沒有通過）（虛擬語氣）九、needn't have done.本來不必做但做了。（虛擬語氣）You need not have gone out.你本來不必出去。（事實上出去了）十、would rather have done.過去寧愿做但未做。（對過去的虛擬）I would rather you paid the money yourself.我寧愿你自己付錢， aa 制。I would rather not have gone /there.我寧愿沒有去過哪兒。I would rather do it today.我寧愿今天做。1一、would like to

21、have done.過去想做但未做。（虛擬語氣，過去的虛擬）I would like to have seen /the film.我過去想看場電影。（事實上沒有看）十二、had better have done當(dāng)時最好做了某事。You Y better have gone /there你當(dāng)時最好去哪兒。（事實上沒有去）You had better not go dancing tonight.你最好今天晚上不去跳舞。情態(tài)動詞+be going.表推測:Must be doing. 正在做They must be watching TV nowCan't be doing.不可能正在做

22、They can't be watching TV nowMay/might be doing.也許正在做They may be watching TV now連詞 other wise, or, but 與 with, whithout,but, if only否則但是 有 沒有但是 只要及其in case/for fear that/lest引導(dǎo)的從句，要用虛擬語氣。以免以免With you help, we might finish the work earlier. 有你的幫助，我或許能早點完成工作。Whithout water, there would be no life.

23、 沒有水，就沒有生物。情態(tài)動詞表推測（排名次）一、 1、 must 一定，必須。語氣強硬。must=have to 不得不，適用于各種時態(tài)。例句 ： 1 、 It s very late now, must you watch TV?（must 非要，偏要 ）You must go=you have to go 你必須走。2、must/needn't,用 must 提問，用 needn't 否定回答 Must I be here/at eight tomorrow morning? No ,you needn t 或者 no you can t.不，你不必3、 must+be

24、表推測，一定，一定是。一定是。You must be tired. 你一定是累了。You must see her你一定要見她。She must be playing piano.她一定是在彈鋼琴。4、need/must.用 need 提問，肯定回答 ，yes ,you must. need I do anything for you. 我需要為你做任何是嗎。 yes, you must / No,you needn t是的，你一定的做。不，你不必。二、can /be able to能夠，能力。適用于現(xiàn)在時、過去時。表推測可能。be able to適用于各種時態(tài)，表努力實現(xiàn)的能力。He /ha

25、s been able to /speak English since /he was a child他自從小時候起,他就會說英語。此處be able to用于完成時，而 can不能。Could表委婉的語氣。Could you help me?你能幫我嗎？三、may /might也許，可能。表不太確定，語氣較弱。may, I come in.No, you mustn't /can't / yes, you may.用 may提問，否定回答。No ,you mustn't /No can't.May /might as well. “不妨，最好”與 had be

26、tter相近。You /might as well /go home now.你最好現(xiàn)在回家。最好四、shall /will, will用于各種人稱，shall用于第一人稱單復(fù)數(shù) I ,weShall用于二、三人稱，表示命令，威脅，允諾，決心。Study hard and you shall get arise,said the teacher（表示介諾）“努力學(xué)習(xí)你將得到獎勵“老師說（二、三人稱）Shall we come to see you筏不要我們來看你？五、 should /ought to 應(yīng)該。Ought to表責(zé)任，義務(wù) 法律Should建議、勸告1、you should st

27、udy /English hard.你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。 Should 竟然You should play computer golme,你竟然玩游戲。Should she do /such a thing觸竟然做這種事情?How /should I know?我竟然不知道？Why /should you talk like that.你為什么這樣說話。dare /need既是情態(tài)動詞，又是實義動詞。you /needn't go /there today, need you.（情態(tài)動詞，反意疑問句 ）you/need to go /there today, don't you.（行為動詞，反意疑問句 ） nee