英語(yǔ)倒裝句講解和練習(xí)附答案

1、一、全部倒裝全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run 。There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首，謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman.注意： 上述全部倒裝的句

2、型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞，如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞則不能完全倒裝。Here he comes.Away they went.二、部分倒裝部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do, does 或 did ，并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。1) 句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ)，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way,not until.等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the ans

3、wer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.當(dāng) Not until 引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。I have never seen such a performance.The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.典型例題2) Why can't I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-roomA.

4、is smoking permitted B. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit答案 A. 這是一個(gè)倒裝問(wèn)題。當(dāng)否定詞語(yǔ)置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語(yǔ)序是Smokingis permitted in the meeting-room at no time.3) ) Not until the early years of the 19t

5、h century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know答案 D. 看到 Not until. 的句型，我們知道為一倒裝句，答案在C ， D 中選一個(gè)。改寫(xiě)為正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)?，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th.現(xiàn)在將 not提前，后面就不能再用否定了, 否則意思就變了。(1) 以否定詞開(kāi)頭作部分倒裝如Not only.but also, Hardly/Scarcely.when, N

6、o sooner. thanNot only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例題No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B. has the game begunC. did the ga

7、me begin D. had the game begun答案 D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí)，一般采用倒裝句( 謂語(yǔ)前置) 。這類(lèi)表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及 not only.but(also),no sooner.than,hardly. when scarcely. when等等。注意：只有當(dāng)Not only.but also 連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Notonly. but also 僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Not only you bu

8、t also I am fond of music.(2)so, neither, nor 作部分倒裝表示 " 也 " 、 " 也不 " 的句子要部分倒裝。Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you won't go, neither will I.典型例題- -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?- -I don't know, .A. nor don't I care B. nor do I careC. I don't care

9、 neither D. I don't care also答案： B. nor 為增補(bǔ)意思" 也不關(guān)心" ，因此句子應(yīng)倒裝。A 錯(cuò)在用 don't 再次否定，C neither用法不對(duì)且缺乏連詞。D 缺乏連詞。注意： 當(dāng) so 引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為" 的確如此" 。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.- -It's raining hard. -So it is.(3)only 在句首要倒裝的情況Only in this way

10、, can you learn English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.如果句子為主從復(fù)合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed (4)as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句as / though 引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前(形容詞, 副詞 , 分詞 , 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前)。注意 :1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。2) 句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ), 隨實(shí)

11、義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意 : 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，有 though ， although 時(shí)， 后面的主句不能有but ， 但是 though 和 yet 可連用。(5) 其他部分倒裝1)so. that句型中的so 位于句首時(shí)，需倒裝。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.等詞，可將if 省略，把were

12、, had,3) 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were, had, shouldshould 移到主語(yǔ)之前，采取部分倒裝。Were I you, I would try it again.典型例題：1 ) Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat isA. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know答案為 D. 否定詞 Not 在句首，要求用部分倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。2 ) Not until I began to work _ how mu

13、ch time I had wasted.A. didn't I realize B. did I realizeC. I didn't realize D. I realize3 ) Do you know Tom bought a new car?I don't know, _.A. nor don't I care B. nor do I careC. I don't care neither D. I don't care also解析：答案為B. 句中的 nor 引出部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示" 也不 " 。由 so, ne

14、ither, nor 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示前一情況的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。其中, so 用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。(6) 虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were, should, 或 had, 可將 if 省略，再把were, should 或 had 移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝。Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come ea

15、rlier, you would have met him.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.注意 : 在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞'be' 的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一律用"were" ，不用 was ， 即在從句中be 用were 代替。If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就會(huì)去找他。If he were here, everything would be all right.如果他

16、在這兒，一切都會(huì)好的。典型例題to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I答案 C. 在虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)中如果有were, should, had 這三個(gè)詞，通常將if 省略，主語(yǔ)提前, 變成 were, should, had + 主語(yǔ)的形式。但要注意，在虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。如我們可說(shuō)Were I not to do., 而不能說(shuō)Weren't I to do 。(7) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)常考的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)是it 引導(dǎo)的句子

17、。It is (was) 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。It is from the sun that we get light and heat.It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.典型例題1 ) It was last night _ I see the comet.A. the time B. when C. that D. which答案 C. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：It +be + 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ t

18、hat (who) + 主謂句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的連詞只有兩個(gè)，that和 who 。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，且為句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，才用"who" ，其余用that 。原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間：I

19、t was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. （注意不用when）強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.2 ） It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada.A. that B. when C. since D. as答案 C. 考點(diǎn)是連詞用法。本題易誤選為A. that. 其實(shí)本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。若是，去掉 It be. that 還應(yīng)是一個(gè)完

20、整的句子。而本句去掉'It is.that' ，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada.不成句。因此本句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。It is /was + 時(shí)間+ since.其中is<-> has been was <-> had been.英語(yǔ)句子按主謂排列順序來(lái)分有正常語(yǔ)序和倒裝語(yǔ)序。正常語(yǔ)序的結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)”，倒裝語(yǔ)序?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)(或謂語(yǔ)的一部分)+主語(yǔ)。倒裝語(yǔ)序分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。完全倒裝是將整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)移至主語(yǔ)前面。例如： Then comes thebus。部分倒裝是只將助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之

21、前。例如：Is she an English teacher?倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的用法：一、 副詞 here,there, in, out,up ,down, away,back,now, then, ahead 等位于句首, 當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be,come,go, follow,run 等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，而且主語(yǔ)又是名詞時(shí), 需要把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放主語(yǔ)之前，即全部倒裝。注意:A此類(lèi)倒裝不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)度。B若主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，不用倒裝。's hurry. Listen!There._Oh, the teacher come yet?-Look! Here.A the bell goes, is he com

22、ing B goes the bell, he comesC the bell is going,he is coming D goes the bell, comes he二，含有否定意義的詞放句首，部分倒裝。A具有否定意義的副詞放句首：not,never,seldom,hardly, ,scarely,few finally got the job I dreamed in my life_so happy!(2000,spring)A did I feelB I feelC I had feltD had I feltold couple have been married for 40

23、 years and never once_with each other.(2003)A they had quarreled B they have quarreledC have they quarreled D had they quarreledB,含有否定意義 的連詞 放句首：not only but also., neither.nor., no sooner-than., scarely.than.,Hardly.when., not until.until all the fish died in the river_how serious pollution was.(95

24、)A did the villagers realizeB the villagers realizedC the villagers did realize D didn't the villagers realizeonly_interested in football but_ beginning to show an interest in it.A the teacher himself is, all his students areB the teacher himself is, are all his studentsC is the teacher himself,

25、 are all his studentsD is the teacher himself,all his students are*not only, no sooner, 要倒 ,but (also), than, when 后面的句子不倒. Neither.nor. 兩部分都倒裝。C, 含有否定意義的介詞放句首：by no means, In no time,in no case, on no account,under nocircumstances.On no account must you accept any money against your conscience.三， o

26、nly 狀語(yǔ)，部分到裝in this way_to make improvement in the operating system.(2003 shang)A you can hope B you did more C can you hope D did you hope7. _can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)A With hard work B Although work hardC Only with hard work D Now that he works hard四、表示上文的狀況也適合另外一人或事半功倍有下列：肯定 :so+ 助動(dòng)詞

27、 (動(dòng) /情態(tài) )+主語(yǔ)*主語(yǔ)與上文一致否定 :neither(nor)+ 助動(dòng) ( 動(dòng) / 情態(tài) )+ 主語(yǔ)has made great progress recently.-, and.(1997)A So he has, so you haveB So he has, so have youC So has he , so have you D So has he ,so you have9. - You forget your purse when you went out.-Good heavens,.(2002)A so did IB so I didC I did soD I s

28、o did5、 as 作“盡管雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，由于語(yǔ)法需要，把表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提于句首,I have never seen anyone who's as capable( 有能力)as John.(2001)A As long as I have traveledB Now that I have traveledC Much as I have traveledD As I have travled so much, he knows a lot of things.A The child as he isB Child as he is C A child as he is

29、D Child as he is6、 so .that., such .that.的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，若so,such 和與其所修飾的詞置于句首，實(shí)行部分倒。difficultit to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn Englishwell.(2001)A I have felt B have I felt C I did feel D did I feel放主語(yǔ)七、若 if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中有were, had, should 時(shí)， 可將 if 省，把 were, had , should之前。rai

30、n tomorrow, we would have put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(94)A Were B ShouldC WouldD Willfor the tree tickets,I would not have gone to the film so often.(95sh)A If it is not B Were it not C Had not it been D If they were not八、充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放句首，全倒。In a lecture hall of a university sits a profess

31、or.九、在表示愿望的感嘆句，倒裝。May our country become rich and strong!Long live the People's Republic of China!十、 There be 句型， eg,There live(stand,remain,exist .)There is a man at the door wants to see you.There once lived an old hunter in that house.There seems to be some misunderstanding about the matter.練

32、習(xí)1. Only when you have obtained sufficient data come to a sound conclusion.a. can you b. you can c. would you d. you would2. that this region was so rich in natural resources.a. Little he knew b. Little did he knowa. Little he did know d. Little he had known3. Never again political office after his

33、1928 defeat for the presidency.a. Alfred E. Smith seriously sought b. seriously Alfred E. Smith soughtc. when did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek d. did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek4. Only in recent years begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often domore good than harm.a. people hav

34、e b. since people have c. have people d. people who have5. , we were not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.a. What may come b. Come what may c. May what come d. What comeb. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice his head.a. that he turned b. did he turn c. he didn t turn

35、d. he had turned7. received law degrees as today.a. Never so women have b. The women aren t ever c. Women who have never d. Never have so many women8. Heat does not travel by convection in solid, because the solid does not move, .a. so does a liquid b. so a liquid does c. as does a liquid d. so is a

36、 liquid9. On no account to anyone.a. my name must be mentioned b. must my name mentionc. must my name be mentioned d. my name must mention10. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on constructionsites by 90 percent.a. Such construction robots are clever b. So clever the construc

37、tion robots arec. So clever are the construction robots d. Such clever construction robots are11. do we go for picnics.a. Certainly b. Sometimes c. Seldom d. Once12. is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in thebottle of medicine.a. Either b. Often c. Nor d. Usually13. He

38、r answer is not acceptable, and .a. neither am I b. either is mine c. neither is mine d. mine is neither14. , I must do another experiment.a. Be it ever so late b. It is ever so latec. It be ever so late d. So late it be ever15. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.a. light trave

39、l b. travels the light c. do light travel d. does light travel16. A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily, be easily suppressed.a. nor it can b. nor can it c. it cannot d. and cannot it17. notebook and report that I promised you last week.a. Here is the b. Here are the c. Is here the d. Are here th

40、e18. a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly.a. If he took b. If he has taken c. had he taken d. Should he take19. Beneath our feet that our life depends on for food and clothing.a. the earth lay b. the earth lies c. lie the earth d. lies the earth20. the beginning of the 19th

41、 century did scientists know that all matter is madeup of atoms.a. At b. By c. Up to d. Not until21. Hardly he got out of the court the reporters raised a lot of questionsto him.a. had when b. had than c. did when d. has than22. Among these books a dictionary that his father gave him as a birthday p

42、resent.a. have included b. is included c. has included d. are included23. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country;is this more true than in Europe.a. nowhere b. hardly c. little d. seldom24. Important his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account

43、 inhis time.a. to b. for c. as d. although25. According to the periodic table, still some elements undiscovered.a. there seem to be b. it seems c. it seems to be d. here seems26. Here you want to see.a. the manager comes b. comes the managerc. comes a manager d. is coming a manager27. Barry can hard

44、ly drive a car, .a. so can t Molly b. can t Molly either c. Molly can t too d. neither can Molly28. for the leadership of the Party, we should not have succeeded.a. Had not it been b. Had it not been c. There was d. Is there29. no air or water, there would be no life in the world.a. Were there b. Th

45、ere are c. There was d. Is there30. Not only the data fed into it, but it can also analyze them.a. the computer can memorize b. can the computer memorizec. do the computer memorize d. can memorize the computer31. Not once his view of life.a. did the gentleman mention b. the gentleman mentioned thatc

46、. the gentleman mentioned d. does gentleman mentioned32. By no means their own language well.a. it is true that all English people knowb. is it true that do all English people knowc. it is true that do all English people knowd. is it true that all English people know33. The molecules of gases move m

47、ore freely than .a. do liquids and solids b. liquids and solids doc. do those of liquids and solids d. those do of liquids and solids34. The world s birth rates are on a decline and are the death rates.a. so b. also c. too d. the same35. is the volume of chemical goods.a. Constantly growing too b. T

48、oo constantly growingc. Growing constant to d. Too growing constant36. Many a time me with my English study.a. have he helped b. has he helped c. he have helped d. did he have helped37. Typical of the new type of young people , who set a shining example to thewhole nation.a. was Lei Feng b. Were Lei

49、 Feng c. Lei Feng was d. Lei Feng were38. What Mr. Smith did was important , but .a. more important the way of he did things wasb. the way of he did things was more importantc. more important was the way he did thingsd. more important the way were he did things39. She didn t want to buy it, .a. howe

50、ver good was it b. however good it wasc. for how good might it be d. for how good it might be40. , it is always possible to find out its volume.a. Whatever the shape of a body may beb. The shape of a body may be whateverc. May whatever the shape of a body bed. Whatever may the shape of a body be41.

51、I won t pay $20 for the coat; it s not worth .a. all that much b. that much all c. that all much d. much all that42. Hot air accompanied by high relative humidity feels warmer than.a. is it actually b. it actually is c. actually it is d. actually is it43. Qingdao is usually cool in summer, but Nanji

52、ng.a. is rarely b. scarcely is c. hardly is d. rarely is44. David, something important has happened. I wish to.a. talk it over with you b. talk over it c. talk over d. talk you over it45. , more than 200 houses and buildings are heated by solar energy, not to mentionthe big cities in the region.a. A

53、lone in the small town b. In the small alone townc. In the small town alone d. In the alone small town46. Geysers are found new near rivers and lakes, where water drains through the soila. surface below the deep b. deep below the surfacec. the deep below surface d. the deep surface below47. The wall

54、flower because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stonycliffs for support.a. so called is b. so is called c. is so called d. called is so48. The history of painting is a fascination chain of evens that probably began with.a. ever made the very first picturesb. the ever made very first pict

55、uresc. the very first ever made picturesd. the very first pictures ever made49. On the side of the hill, there is which was once the entrance to a gold mine.a. a deep hole in ground b. a hole deep in groundc. a deep hole in the ground a deep in the ground hole50. Will the boy who has taken my pen brine.a. back to me b. it back to me c. back it to me d. it to me back倒裝練習(xí)答案1A19D37A2B20D38C3D21A39B4C22B40A5B23A41A6B24C42B7D25A43D8C26B44A9C27C45C10C28B46B11C2