全新版大學英語4課后練習clozeB及翻譯題

1、ClozelIn the 21st century, clouds and stormy weather no longer automatically bring operations to a halt or force a change in targets （目 標）.Technologies such as the Global Positioning System nowHow cruise missile s（巡航導彈） and other smart weapons to home in on （瞄 準并飛速接近）their targets. But the weather s

2、till is a factor that mustbe reckoned with, especially with precision-guided weapons that must be highly accurate （高度精確）to be effective.Fortunately, the ability to obtain weather forecastswill get better. In the next few years, remote weather sensors （傳感器） will grow rapidly on unmanned （無人的） vehicle

3、s. This will create a network of observing platforms that will give commanders aninstant overview of weather in the battle zone （戰(zhàn)場）.In some areas yodl have direct delivery of weather information straight from the computes to black boxes in aircraft and other vehicles. That will be especially import

4、ant for target-bound aircraft （瞄準目標的飛行器）.Such technology will give whoever possess it a tremendous edge （優(yōu)勢）over their enemy and enable them to use developing weatherconditions to their advantage As we get superior satellites into space, we'll gain huge advantages inobserving meteorological cond

5、itions in denied areas （盲區(qū)）,where we dont have people on the ground. And our modeling ability will continue to improve as our computers get more powerful. The past 10 years have witnessed a revolution in our communications;（通訊）and computer abilities. It s exciting to think ofwhat the next 10 years w

6、ill bring.在第二十一世紀，云層和暴風雨天氣不再自動帶來業(yè)務停頓或 迫使目標的變化（目標）。如全球定位系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在允許巡航導彈技術（巡航導彈）等智能武器的家中（瞄準并飛速接近）目標。但天氣仍然是 一個因素不可忽視，尤其是精確制導武器，必須是非常準確的（高度 精確）是有效的。幸運的是，獲取天氣預報的能力將得到更好的。在接下來的幾年中，遠程氣象傳感器（傳感器）將快速增長（無人的）無人駕駛車輛。這將創(chuàng)建一個觀測平臺，將給指揮官在戰(zhàn)斗區(qū)天氣即時網(wǎng)絡（戰(zhàn)場） 。在一些地區(qū)，你會直接從計算的飛機和其他汽車黑匣子的天氣信息直接傳送。將目標束縛飛機尤其重要（瞄準目標的飛行器） 。這種技術會給誰擁有巨大的優(yōu)

7、勢（優(yōu)勢）在他們的敵人，使他們利用氣象條件對他們有利的發(fā)展。當我們得到優(yōu)越的衛(wèi)星送入太空，我們會觀察氣象條件的地區(qū)獲得了巨大的優(yōu)勢（盲區(qū)否認） ，我 們沒有在地面上的人。 我們的建模能力將繼續(xù)為我們的電腦變得更強大的提高。過去10 年見證了我們的通信革命（通訊） 和計算機能力。令人興奮的是未來10 年會帶來什么。The offensive had lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the re

8、ar of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do this we have to cross a marshland, and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckily enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze ov

9、er, we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This had turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.我的進攻已經(jīng)持續(xù)了三天，但是我們并沒有取得多少進展。師長命令我們營繞到敵人后方， 在夜間發(fā)動突然襲擊。 為此我們要穿過 沼澤地，和我們很多人擔心會陷入泥潭之中。我們營長決定賭一把。幸運的是， 由于嚴寒天氣使沼澤結冰， 我們到達我們的目的地在黎明前，從敵

10、人后方發(fā)起進攻。這就扭轉(zhuǎn)了戰(zhàn)局。敵人，猝不及防，很快 就投降了。Cloze2The automobile industry（汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)）is one of the most important industries in the world, affecting not only the economy but also the cultures of the world. It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues （稅收）,and provides t

11、he basis for a large number of related service and support industries.Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20 th century, changing forever the way people live, travel , and do business.The automobile hasenabled （使能夠） people to travel and transport goods farther and faster, and has opened

12、 up new market opportunities for business and commerce（商業(yè)）.The auto industry has also decreased theoverall （全部的） costs of transportation by using methods such as mass production, mass marketing, and globalization of production. Today, auto making is the worlds largestmanufacturing activity （制造業(yè)），wit

13、h more than 53 million new vehicles （車卒fi）builteach year worldwide.As a result easier and faster transportation, the United States and world economies have becomedependent on the mobility （機動性） that automobiles, trucks and buses provide. This mobility has allowed remote populations to interact with

14、（互相影響）one another, which, inturn, has increased commerce. The transportation of goods to consumers and consumers to goods has become an industry in itself. However, the automobile has also caused some problems, such as air pollution, congested （堵塞的）traffic, and increased highwayfacilities. Neverthel

15、ess, the automobile industry continues to be an important source of employment for millions of people worldwide.汽車工業(yè)（汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)）是世界上最重要的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一，不僅影響 經(jīng)濟也是世界的文化。它提供了數(shù)百萬人的工作，在世界范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生 數(shù)十億美元的稅收（稅收），和大量的相關服務和支持的產(chǎn)業(yè)提供了 基礎。汽車運輸在第二十世紀的革命，永遠地改變了人們的生活，旅 行和做生意的方式。汽車使（使能夠）人們出行和運輸貨物的速度更快捷，并開辟 了商務市場新機遇（商業(yè)）。汽車行業(yè)也降低了總體的（全部的）使

16、用方法如大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)， 運輸成本的大眾營銷， 和生產(chǎn)的全球化。 今天， 汽車是世界上最大的制造業(yè)活動（制造業(yè)） ，有超過個新的車輛（車 輛）建立全球每年。因此更容易和更快的運輸，美國和世界經(jīng)濟已變得依賴于流動性（機動性） ，汽車，卡車和巴士提供。這種移動性允許遠程群體互 動（互相影響）另一個，其中，反過來，增加了商業(yè)。商品與消費者 之間的運輸貨物本身已經(jīng)成為一個行業(yè)。 然而， 汽車也帶來了一些問 題，如空氣污染，擁擠的交通， （堵塞的）增加公路設施。然而，汽 車工業(yè)仍然是全球數(shù)以百萬計的人的一個重要的就業(yè)來源。Automobiles have, since their invention, re

17、volutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible

18、to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of get

19、ting stuck in traffic jams. 汽車， 因為他們的發(fā)明， 徹底改變了交通， 永遠地改變了人們的生活， 旅行和做生意的方式。另一方面，也帶來了危害，尤其是公路死亡事 故。然而，今天 計算機技術和電子傳感器和制造汽車設計中的應用可以消除大部分 的交通事故。 例如， 電子傳感器安裝在你的車可以檢測到空氣中的酒 精蒸汽并拒絕啟動發(fā)動機。 他們還可以監(jiān)控道路條件下接收無線電信 號在軌道上運行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出大大減少你陷入交通堵塞的機會。Cloze3When you get an invitation（邀請）to a job interview, you are halfway （中途的

20、） toward your goala job offer. No matter how many encouraging responses you have gotten to your jobinquiry letters, with rare exceptions you will not get a job offer without an interview.Go to the library to find all relevant information about the company and, if you can, on the person who will inte

21、rview you. Have material with you that the employer might ask for -samples of your work, names and addresses ofeferences （推薦信）， extra copies of your resume （個人簡歷）.An employment manager for a major construction company offers this advice. " If it obvious you haven't spent any time preparing

22、for the interview-that is, you don t know what the company does, where it does it, what kinds of jobs it has- then don'texpect the company to take you very seriously.”Prior （優(yōu)先的）to an interview the employer has probably seenyour resume and perhaps talked with you on the phone. What employers loo

23、k for in interviews is what you might call personal chemistryhow you look and act, whether you exhibit （顯示）self-confidence, how you would fit in with other members of the organization.當你得到一個邀請（邀請）去面試，你是中途（中途的）朝著 自己的目標-一個工作機會。無論多少鼓勵你已經(jīng)對你的工作的詢價 函的反應，與罕見的例外，你不會得到工作面試。去圖書館找關于公司的相關信息，如果可以的話，在人誰將面 試你。有材料與

24、你的雇主可能會要求-你的工作樣本，參考文獻名稱 和地址（推薦信），簡歷的副本（個人簡歷）。一個主要的建筑公司提供了這個建議招聘經(jīng)理。“如果很明顯你 沒有花任何時間準備面試-那就是，你不知道公司做什么，它在哪里， 什么樣的工作它-然后別指望公司重視你?！鼻埃▋?yōu)先的）面試的雇主可能已經(jīng)看過你的簡歷，也許跟你打 電話。招聘者在面試是你會把個人的化學反應-你怎么看起來和行動， 你是否表現(xiàn)出（顯示）自信，你將如何符合組織的其他成員。Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applican

25、t to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me th

26、at from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.好的開始，成功的一半，俗話說。對于一個求職者在求職時，做作業(yè)是非常重要 的。從我的角度來看，是否已經(jīng)做完

27、他的作業(yè)明顯地使他成功的機會有差異。我有一個朋友誰贏得了在一家計算機軟件公司一年100000美元附近的某個地方。他告訴我，從他自己的經(jīng)驗的決策者面試未來的員工一樣的人準備的。那些不努力學習更多的關于他未來的雇主可能不會有多大的一個成功的機會。Cloze4Globalization is a process of interaction（目互作用）and integration （綜合）among the people, companies, and governments of differentnations, a process driven by international trade

28、（國際貿(mào)易） and investment and aided by information technology. This process hasffects on economic development, on political systems （政治制度）,and on human physical （身體的） well-being in societies around the world.Globalization is not new, though, For thousands of years, people-and, letter, corporations-have

29、been buying from and selling to each other in lands at greatdistance§ such as through the famed （著 名的） Silk Road across Central Asia thatonnected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in（投資于）enterprises（企業(yè)）in other countries. In

30、fact, many of the features （特征）of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing（流行）before the outbreak（爆發(fā)）of the First World War in 1914.But policy and technological development（技術發(fā)展） of the past few decades have spurre d（激勵）increases in cross-border r（跨越邊界的） trade, investment, a

31、nd migration （移民） so large that many observers （觀察者）believe the world has entered a qualitatively （定性的）new phase （階段）.Since 1950, for example, thevolume of （大 量的） world trade has increased by 20 times, and from just 1997 to 1999 flow s（現(xiàn)金流量）of foreign investment nearly doubled, from $468 billion to

32、$827 billion. Distinguishing （區(qū)別）this current wave of globalization from earlier ones, author Thomas Friedman has said that today globalization is farther （更遠的）,faster, cheaper, and deeper 更 深）.”全球化是一個互動的過程（相互作用）和整合（綜合）之間的 人，公司，和不同國家的政府，通過國際貿(mào)易驅(qū)動（國際貿(mào)易）和投 資以及信息技術的輔助。這個過程對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的影響，對政治系統(tǒng)（政 治制度），以及對人的身體（身

33、體的）在全世界的幸福。全球化并不是新的，但是，幾千年來，人們-,-信，公司已 經(jīng)購買和出售給對方的土地在很遠的地方，如通過著名的絲綢之路（著名的）在中亞連接中國和歐洲中世紀。同樣，幾個世紀以來，人 們和公司投資（投資于）企業(yè)（企業(yè)）在其他國家。事實上，許多功 能（特征）對當前的全球化浪潮是類似流行（流行）爆發(fā)前（爆發(fā)） 1914第一次世界大戰(zhàn)。但政策和技術發(fā)展（技術發(fā)展）在過去的幾十年里，已促使（激 勵）增加跨境（跨越邊界的）貿(mào)易，投資，和遷移（移民）如此之大， 許多觀察家（觀察者）認為，世界已進入一個新階段的定性（定性的） （階段）。從1950開始，例如，體積（大量的）世界貿(mào)易增長了20倍，

34、從1997到1999,流量（現(xiàn)金流量）外商投資增加近一倍，從0000 美元到0000美元。鑒別（區(qū)別）全球化浪潮從早期的當前，作者托 馬斯弗里德曼說，今天的全球化”（更遠的更遠，更快，更便宜），深 （更深）Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work

35、 in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important.At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The Internet has strengthened the links bet

36、ween Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trends can copy foreign fashions. Some of them don t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.全球化對中國年輕人具有

37、重大影響。例如，年輕的農(nóng)民正在大規(guī)模向城市地區(qū)工作。 對于那些年輕人渴望出國留學或在外商投資企業(yè)工作，英語變得越來越重要。同時，有相當一部分華僑在最近幾年已經(jīng)返回家中， 他們對中國經(jīng)濟的長期增長前景樂觀。 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)加強了 中國年輕人和其他地方的聯(lián)系。 他們遵循的最新趨勢， 可以模仿外國 的時尚。有些人不在乎中國的傳統(tǒng)美德，更別說發(fā)揚光大，這已經(jīng)引起了擔憂，中國的傳統(tǒng)文化有一天會消失。Cloze6There are only 24 hours in your day,just the same as everybody els e how do you end up time-starved,fr

38、ustrated ,and behind in your word Maybe it is because you don t know how to use those 24 hours to your advantage.If using your time wisely is a problem for you,you probably don t have a very good idea of where it all just seems to go ! A good place to start ,then ,it to faithfully keep track of how

39、you use yourwaking hours for a results will probably surprise you.The next step is to do some planning. Youl discover,aml ong other things,that if you get seven hours sleep a night ,you have 119 hours per week to do everything you need to do .that,of course ,includes going to class,eating,social act

40、ivities,personal hygiene,telephone and tv time,etc .be sure to schedule time for all these in your 119 try tosticking your schedule for a week .this should give you a good idea of what your real priorities are!Learn to say NO once your priorities areset . Turning down an invitation doesn t mean you ll never be in