高中英語 情態(tài)動詞名師導(dǎo)學(xué)導(dǎo)練精析精解 北師大版

1、情態(tài)動詞高考考點導(dǎo)向 情態(tài)動詞常涉及說話人對所說內(nèi)容的態(tài)度，使用頻率較高，也成為歷年高考不可缺少的考查內(nèi)容。情態(tài)動詞的正確使用的關(guān)鍵在于準(zhǔn)確理解說話人的情感和態(tài)度。 歷年試題中考查的側(cè)重點有： 1各個情態(tài)動詞的基本含義及其用法，尤其是常用的can，must，may，need，dare， should等情態(tài)動詞的用法。 2情態(tài)動詞與動詞完成時結(jié)合所表示的不同含義。 3情態(tài)動詞在虛擬語氣中的運用。 4情態(tài)動詞在情景交際中的應(yīng)用以及回答含有情態(tài)動詞的問題時常用的答語。 近年來高考試題的命題力求考查真實性的、人們?nèi)粘Ｕf的用的英語語法，通過設(shè)置情景將能力考查與語言知識的考查有機地結(jié)合起來，這一趨勢必然導(dǎo)

2、致在試題中出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動詞的幾率增大，所以學(xué)習(xí)時要弄清情態(tài)動詞在不同結(jié)構(gòu)、不同語境中的不同含義。高考考題解析 考題1)(NMET 典型例題 Are you coming to Jeff's party? I'm not sureI_go to the concert instead Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight 解析根據(jù)I'm not sure判斷，表示說話者不確定，有可能去音樂會。might表示“可能”；must表示“必須，一定”；would表示“將，愿意”；should表示“應(yīng)該”。 答案D 考題2(典型例題) Sorry Im lateI_h

3、ave turnedoff the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again Amight Bshould Ccan Dwill 解析當(dāng)用于第三人稱或第一人稱時，may可以表示一種猜測、判斷，“might+have +過去分詞”表示對過去情況的判斷。 答案A 考題3(典型例題) My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he_your lecture Acouldn't have attended Bneedn't have attended Cmustn&

4、#39;t have attended Dshouldn't have attended 懈析“couldn't+have+過去分詞”表示過去的“不可能”，與其相對的是“must+have+過去分詞”。 答案A 考題4(典型例題，36) If only he_quietly as the doctor instructed，he would not suffer so much now A 1ies B1ay Chad lain Dshould lie 解析句意是：如果他像醫(yī)生所教導(dǎo)的那樣靜靜地躺著，現(xiàn)在他就不會遭受如此之痛苦。這是一個虛擬語氣的句子，從句與過去事實相反，主句與

5、現(xiàn)在事實相反，在這種場合下主句、從句應(yīng)當(dāng)分別對待。從句與過去事實相反用“had+過去分詞”，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反用“would+動詞原形”。這樣的一種現(xiàn)象叫混合虛擬條件句。 答案C 考題5(NMET典型例題 I was really anxious about youYou_home without a word Amustn't leave Bshouldn't have left Ccould not have left Dneedn't leave 解析本題涉及說話人對對方的態(tài)度：1 was really anxious about youYou；前一句中was a

6、nxious在過去，由此可以排除A與D，因為不會由過去的anxious提出現(xiàn)在“不可以離開家(mustn't leave)”或者現(xiàn)在“沒有必要離開家(needn't leave)”的要求；couldn't have表示說話人認(rèn)為是一種“不可能(impossibility)”。因此可以排除選項C。 本題的題干中要求選用表達(dá)說話人認(rèn)為是一種“不應(yīng)該”或“不可取”的行為，應(yīng)該用shouldn't have left：You shoul dn't have left without a word (Actually you didI think it was a

7、n undesirable action) 答案B 考題6)(NMET 典型例題 Is John coming by train? He should，but he_notHe likes driving his car Amust Bcan Cneed Dmay 解析本題的命題意圖為檢測考生在特定情景中正確使用情態(tài)動詞的能力。本題設(shè)定的情景是生活中常見的。第一輪對話的句意為：John將乘火車來，是嗎?第二輪對話中使用的should表示推測。句意為：他應(yīng)該乘火車來的。接下來的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but表明他不一定就那么去做，因為“他喜歡開自己的車?！笔紫扰懦鼳項，must表示推測時通常用于肯定句中，而mus

8、tnot意思為“不能、禁止做”，與句意不符。C項need not意思為“沒有必要”，與下一句在意思搭配上不貼切。如采用needn't，第二句這樣說更為妥當(dāng)：He has his own car。B項can和D項may都可以用在否定句中表示推測。can not表示“不可能”，語氣很肯定。maynot表示“也許不會”，語氣沒那么肯定。根據(jù)上下文意思，may not更符合題意。 答案D 考題7(典型例題) I heard they went skiing in themountains last winter It_true because therewas little snow ther

9、e Amav not be Bwon't be Ccouldn't be Dmustn't be 解析根據(jù)所提供的情境there was little snow now說明對方所說的去山里滑雪這件事可能不是真的。couldn't be true表示過去不可能。選項A (maynotbe)用來表示現(xiàn)在不可能。 答案C 考題8(典型例題) It has been announced that candidates_remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected Acan Bwill Cma

10、y Dshall 解析shall用于陳述句的第二、第三人稱時，表示說話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等，意思是“必須、應(yīng)、可”。本題題意是“據(jù)宣布，考生在收卷前必須坐在自己的座位上?！?答案D 考題9(典型例題) oh，I'm not feeling well in the stomach，I_so much fried chicken just now Ashouldn't eat Bmustn't have eaten Cshouldn't have eaten Dmustn't eat 解析justnow是表示過去的時間狀語。情態(tài)動詞在表示過去發(fā)

11、生的事時，必須用“情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞的形式”。所以只能在選項B或C中確定答案。mustn't have eaten是一個錯誤選項，因為“mustn't+動詞”表示“禁止”，不表示判斷或推測。 答案C 考題10(典型例題春招) The room is so dirty_we clean it? Of course AWill BShall CWould DDo 解析征求對方意見時，shall用于第一人稱和第三人稱；will用于第二人稱，would和do無此用法。 答案B 考題11(典型例題) It is hard for me to imagine what I wou

12、ld bedoing todayif I_in love，at theage of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown Awouldn't have fallen Bhad not fallen Cshould fall Dwere to fall 解析根據(jù)句意和I would be doing可以判斷這是虛擬語氣。at the age of seven是表示過去的時間狀語，if從句中的謂語要用had not fallen，表示對過去情況的假設(shè)。這句話的意思是“如果我不是在7歲時就迷戀上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的Melinda圖書館，我

13、真不能想像我今天會做什么?！庇捎谥骶渲械闹^語表示對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，條件句中的謂語表示對過去情況的虛擬，增加了試題的難度，但是，使用排除法可以容易地做出該題，should fall和were to fall都可以用于條件句中表示對將來的虛擬；wouldn't have fallen不用于條件句中，所以都不能作為答案。 答案B 考題12(典型例題) _be sent to work there? AWho do you suggest BWho do you suggest that should CDo you suggest who should DDo you suggest whom

14、should 解析這是一個Who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句。Who對賓語從句中的主語提問。suggest后接賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞要用should do sth/be done或be done。由于這道題既考查了詞序，又考查了suggest在特殊疑問句中的用法，增大了試題的難度系數(shù)。 答案A 考題13(典型例題春招) How I wish every family_a large house with a beautiful garden! Ahas Bhad C：will have Dhad had 解析wish后接賓語從句，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。表示現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的謂語要用一般過去時。 答案B

15、 考題14(NMET典型例題 A left-luggage office is a place where bags_be left for a short time，especially at a railway station Ashould Bcan C.must Dwill 解析本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。should應(yīng)該；can能夠，會；must必須；will愿意。題意為“行李寄存處是能夠暫時存放行李的地方，尤其是在火車站?！贝颂幱胏an表示“可以、能夠”。 答案B 考題15(典型例題春招) My English-Chinese dictionary hasdisappearedWho

16、_have taken it? Ashould Bmust Ccould Dwould 解析“could have done”表示“過去可能做了某事”，可用于各種句式結(jié)構(gòu)，而其余各項表示推測時只用于肯定句。 答案C 考題16(典型例題) How_you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article? Acad Bmust Cneed Dmay解析can表示可能性時常用于否定句和疑問句，而must和may多用于肯定句；need作情態(tài)動詞時通常不表示推測用法。

17、考題17(NMET 典型例題 You_be tired_you've only been working for an hour Amust not Bwont Ccant Dmay not 解析檢測情態(tài)動詞的用法。在否定句中用can't表示“不可能”。 答案C 考題18(NMET典型例題) I don't mind telling youwhat l know You_.Im not asking you for it Amustn't Bmay not Ccan't Dneedn't 解析根據(jù)回答“I'm not assking yo

18、u for itf”看出，“你沒有必要告訴我”，用needn't。 答案D 考題19(典型例題春季) You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers_not like thedesign of the furniture Amust Bshall Cmay Dneed 解析前文的migLt as well表示：還是的好；不妨，由此推斷后文語氣不是很肯定，所以用may。 答案C 高考仿真訓(xùn)練 1We were all waiting for youYou_for the seaside by yoursel

19、f without leaving a message Amustn't leave Bshouldn't have left Ccould not have left Dneedn't leave 2He_so hurriedly that day；here was still more than halfan hour_. Aneedn't leave；to go Bcouldn't leave；to leave Coughtn't to leave；leaving Dneedn't have left；left 3Flight CAl818 takes off at 11：00AMSo I_be at the airport by 10：30 at the latest Ashall have to Bmay Cam going to Dam able to 4_I tell the head teacher all that has happened? No，you_!Mr li would be terribly angry. AWill；needn't BWould；ca