公開課閱讀“選”

1、 我 愛 七 選 五福清華僑中學(xué)福清華僑中學(xué) 劉云平劉云平 閱讀閱讀”七選五七選五”What do you think of it?Your steps or methodsTo improve it a lot?! No one knows exactly how the earth began. According to a widely accepted theory, the earth began with a “Big Bang”. However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, maki

2、ng the earth too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on the earth will depend on whether this problem can be solved.HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH1. First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 2. After that, mammals came into bein

3、g. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth.3. It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere.4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, which made it possible for life t

4、o develop. 5. As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface. 6. Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptiles appeared for the first time. 7. Later, dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared. Work in pairs: Rearrange

5、the orders of the sentences to form a passage “How life began on the earth” 3.It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere.5.As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface.4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissol

6、ve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop. 1.First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 6.Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptile

7、s appeared for the first time. 7.Later, dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared. 2.After that, mammals came into being. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. However, they are putting too much. No one knows exactly how the earth began.According to a widely accepted

8、theory, the earth began with a “Big Bang”. 3.It exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases, making the earths atmosphere.5.As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed on the surface.4. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into t

9、he oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop. 1.First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. 6.Next, green plants began to grow on land, and they were followed by land animals. So reptiles appeared for the first time. 7.

10、Later, dinosaurs developed. However, they suddenly disappeared. 2.After that, mammals came into being. Finally, humans appeared and spread all over the earth. However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, making the earth too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on

11、the earth will depend on whether this problem can be solved.語篇的形成語篇的形成依賴依賴句間銜接句間銜接：邏輯銜接邏輯銜接詞匯銜接詞匯銜接考查考生對文章的考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容整體內(nèi)容和和結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)以及以及 上下文邏輯上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握意義的理解和掌握What to test?Key words語法銜接語法銜接1詞匯的銜接 1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) 復(fù)現(xiàn)，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置復(fù)現(xiàn)，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主對同一個概念進行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)

12、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。等。 No one knows exactly how the earth began. According to a widely accepted theory, the earth began with a “Big Bang”.根據(jù)根據(jù)句間銜接關(guān)系句間銜接關(guān)系確定不同的解題策略確定不同的解題策略 On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture, mee

13、t new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. _ Those disadvantages include expense, time away from ones school, family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)反義暗示【Ex.1】1詞匯的銜接 2)同范疇詞出現(xiàn)

14、同范疇詞出現(xiàn) 同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達到語義銜接的目的。Mouse，click， monitor，Internet Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or

15、other relatives. _72_ They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.C . Different people feel stress in different ways F . And dont forget about your friends. 【Ex.2】3) 數(shù)字線索數(shù)字線索包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯。包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯。作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進行對比作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進行對比和比較之

16、外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來說明一個觀和比較之外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來說明一個觀點。點。1.詞匯的銜接詞匯的銜接 In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 . B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.【Ex3】2，語法的銜接，語法的銜接1

17、)代詞替代關(guān)系代詞替代關(guān)系 And dont forget about your friends. They might have had similar problems【Ex4】_73_ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger，. ADoctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. BHe said that laughter is much healthier

18、 than anger. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. F. And dont forget about your friends.2，語法的銜接，語法的銜接2)句式照應(yīng)句式照應(yīng)句式照應(yīng)Ex5 That happens in the 1980s. And, most recently, she says

19、 many kinds of people have joined the movement. _They represent many races, regions and political beliefs.A.Most often, their parents are their teachers.B.She says these include rich people and poor people.【Ex 6】_ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a tes

20、t. BThere are three practical notetaking methods. CFirst, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 同類表達：同類表達： in the first place, in the second place; for one thing, for another thing; to begin with; to conclude【Ex 7】 It seems urgent that commun

21、ications in transport should be improved. _ All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite.A.Communications between human beings should also be kept smooth and polite.B. Yet this is all too often seen.同類表達：同類表達： too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, wha

22、ts more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not only.but also also解釋性句子解釋性句子Ex8 Riding a London subway , a person from China will notice one major difference: In London, commuters (乘車上下班的人乘車上下班的人)dont look at each other. _71_. That is not rudeness - people are just too busy to bother looki

23、ng .A.Modern Londoner are fancy victimsD.In fact ,eye contact is avoided at all the time.解釋關(guān)系：解釋關(guān)系：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, in other words, that is to say., frankly speaking; to be honest; in this case3邏輯銜接還可細(xì)分為：邏輯銜接還可細(xì)分為：D.因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系： so /therefore, thus, consequently(結(jié)果結(jié)果), as a resul

24、t (of), so/such.that.，so that.等。等。E.轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系： but, however, yet, while /though, or /otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而然而), still, yet, on the contrary, in contrast/comparison 等等。F.概括歸納關(guān)系概括歸納關(guān)系： in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conc

25、lusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up 等。等。句間銜接句間銜接 段間銜接段間銜接Focus on cohesion: Shortcut！wordsgrammarlogic 1.Find the relation between lines.2. Locate key words標(biāo)題：標(biāo)題：大寫，較短，全文主旨大寫，較短，全文主旨段首：段首：段尾：段尾：structures段中：段中：承上啟下承上啟下 前后邏輯銜接前后邏輯銜接小標(biāo)題：小標(biāo)題： 根據(jù)試題所在根據(jù)試題所在位置位置確定不同的解題策略確定不同的解題策略短小精悍短小精悍多為名詞性短語、多為名

26、詞性短語、祈使句祈使句句間銜接句間銜接+段間銜接段間銜接71 For many moms, walks are a gentle way to get in shape after giving birth. Do the laundry. It may be boring for you, . B. Moms can take a walk every day.A. Every child will develop at an individual rate. C. Go for a walk.小標(biāo)題小標(biāo)題【Ex 9】 如果問題設(shè)在段首：1）文章首句2）段落首句主題句主題句 （總總分分 ）T

27、op sentence過渡句過渡句Transitional sentence（與空后第一二句的銜接）（與空后第一二句的銜接）_ Every day ,when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in order. She seems to be busy all the time. Mother never buys expens

28、ive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.A. She enjoys listening to class music.B. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.C. My mother is hardworking and never wastes money.總分結(jié)構(gòu)【Ex 10】【Ex 11】75_ They say its boring to hear the same

29、songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people dont like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energ

30、y. C. Music is playing in the background. 如果問題設(shè)在段尾： 1）文章尾句2）段落尾句3）首段尾句結(jié)論句（結(jié)論句（分分總總）Concluding sentence承上啟下承上啟下首尾呼應(yīng)首尾呼應(yīng)Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy inform

31、ation. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to finds relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 首段尾句首段尾句Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the result

32、s of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study . Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or .Use your common sense. If a report seems.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G. The following

33、 suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources 承上承上啟下啟下 Protect against UV rays (紫外線紫外線). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 72 段落尾句段落尾句 BEye care should begin early in life.CThey can properly protect your eyes.DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins.前三句內(nèi)容得出結(jié)論是前三句內(nèi)容得出結(jié)論是“帶眼睛可以保護你的眼睛帶眼睛可以保護你的眼睛”?！綞x 13】Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1. Think ahead. The moments when I th