職稱英語《綜合B》真題及答案

1、2014年職稱英語綜合b真題及答案（代碼22）第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。1.the group does notadvocatethe use of violence.a.supportb.limitc.regulated.oppose答案：a2.his stomach felthollowwith fear.a.emptyb.sincerec.respectfuld.terrible答案：a3.his professional careerspanned16 years.

2、a.startedb.changedc.movedd.lasted答案：d4.his knowledge of french isfair.a.very usefulb.very limitedc.rather speciald.quite good答案：d5.afterwards there was just a feeling oflet-down.a.disappointmentb.excitementc.angerd.calm答案：a6.it was a magic night until thespellwas broken.a.charmb.timec.spaced.opportu

3、nity答案：a7.the worstagoniesof the war were now beginning.a.partsb.painsc.aspectsd.results答案：b8.he led a verymorallife.a.humanb.intelligentc.naturald.honorable答案：d9.they are trying toidentifywhat is wrong with the present system.a.discoverb.provec.considerd.imagine答案：a10.several windows had beensmashe

4、d.a.cleanedb.replacedc.brokend.fixed答案：c11.london quickly became aflourishingport.a.successfulb.majorc.larged.commercial答案：b12.the committee was asked torendera report on the housing situation.a.copyb.publishc.summarized.furnish答案：d13.the curriculum was too narrow and toorigid.a.hiddenb.traditionalc

5、.officiald.inflexible答案：d14.the majority of people around here aredecent.a.realb.honestc.normald.wealthy答案：d15.she felt that she had done her gooddeedfor the day.a.homeworkb.actc.justiced.model答案：b第二部分：閱讀判斷下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇a;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇b;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇c。the mos

6、t wonderful islandsthe palm islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in dubai, in the united arab emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed. they are being developed as tourist, leisure, and residential resorts, an

7、d will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometres.after four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of the first two islands. the

8、 site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal movements of the sea. rocks are

9、used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent(月狀的)structure. this acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea.the first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 fronds, or leaves, coming off the trunk. the first island, named palm ju

10、meirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. it is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004, they were all sold within three days.the second palm jebel ali, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre. six marinas(小游艇船塢) are pla

11、nned, with a water theme park, and home built on stilts(樁柱) in the water.the palm deira is planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of paris. it will consist of residential properties, marinas, shopping malls, sports f

12、acilities, and clubs. these will be open to both residents and tourists.more artificial islands, the world islands, are now being constructed near the palm jumeirah. they consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be used for estates, private homes,

13、 community islands, and resorts.unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modern world. they will also maintain dubais status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region.16. some dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.a.rightb.wrongc

14、.not mentioned答案：b17. the islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：b18. rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the world of islands.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：c19. all the luxury homes on palm jumeirah were sold.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentione

15、d答案：a20. the water theme park in jebel ali will attract more tourists.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：c21. the palm deira will be the same size as paris.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：b22. the world islands are bigger than the palm jumeirah.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：a第三部分：概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文，短文

16、后有2項(xiàng)測試，任務(wù)：(1)1-4題要求從所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5-8題要求從所給的5個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。the storyteller1.steven spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.and thats what he has always been about.the son of a computer scientist and a pianist, spielberg s

17、pent his early childhood in new jersey and, later, arizona.from the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.2.even decades later, spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his

18、 biggest hits.he believes that e.t.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, “it is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“he was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, leah adler.“when trees brushed against the ho

19、use, he would head into my bed.and thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like poltergeist.”3.spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and world war battles.spielbergs talent for scary storytelling en

20、abled him to make friends.on boy scout camping trips, when night fell, spielberg became the center of attention.“steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says richard y.hoffman jr., leader of troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.”4. spielberg moved t

21、o california with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.both ucla and usc film schools rejected him, so he entered california state university at long beach because it was close to hollywood.spielberg was determined to make movies, and he manag

22、ed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(實(shí)習(xí))in hollywood.soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college.he never looked back.5. now, many years later, spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.ask him where he gets his ideas, spielberg shrugs.“the

23、process for me is mostly intuitive (憑直覺的),” he says.“there are films that i feel i need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that i want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that i think my kids will like it.and sometimes i just think that it will make a lot

24、of money, like the sequel(續(xù)集) to jurassic park.”a.an aim of lifeb.a funny manc.inspirations for his moviesd.telling stories to make friendse.the trouble of making moviesf.getting into the movie business23.paragraph 1_a_24.paragraph 2_c_25.paragraph 3_d_26.paragraph 4_f_a.a lot of moneyb.a number of

25、reasonsc.almost everythingd.his childhood memoriese.telling scary storiesf.making children laugh27.some of spielbergs most successful movies came from _d_28.when spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of _c_29.spielberg is very good at _e_30.spielberg says he makes movies for _b_第四部分：閱讀理解。短文后有5道題

26、，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇 the making of a success storyikea is the worlds largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is ingvar kamprad, one of the worlds most successful entrepreneurs. born in sweden in 1926, kamprad was a natural businessman. as a child, h

27、e enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. when kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. naturally he used it to start up a business一ikea.today ikea is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1,

28、but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. rather, ikea sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. kamprads wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings.ikea first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1

29、947. the furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near kamprads home. initial sales were very encouraging, so kamprad expanded the product line. furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that ikea became solely a furniture company in 1951.in 1953 ikea opened its first showro

30、om in almhult, sweden. ikea is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. thus response to the first showroom was overwhelming: people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. this led to i

31、ncreased sales and the company continued to thrive. by 1955, ikea was designing all its own furniture.in 1956 kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. kamprad was inspired. the man had given him a great idea: flat packaging3. flat packaging would mean lower shipping co

32、sts for ikea and lower prices for customers. ikea tried it and sales soared. the problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for ikea. nowadays, ikea is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. this image has done wonder

33、s for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. amazingly, ingvar kamprad has managed to keep ikea a privately-held company. in 2004 he was named the worlds richest man. he currently lives in switzerland and is retied from the day-t

34、o-day operations of ikea. ikea itself, though, just keeps on growing.31. kamprad established ikea witha.his personal savings.b.his fathers reward for his school performance.c.large profits from selling things.d.his schools support答案：b32. the author states in paragraph 5 that flat packaginga.need fat

35、hers reward for his school performance.b.is a business concept inspired by kamprad.c.help reduce transportation costs.d.make the company self-sufficient答案：c33. according to the passage, which of the following is not true?a.ikea experienced rapid expansion since the late 1950s.b.ikea designed its own

36、 products since 1955.c.ikea sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods originally.d.kamprad sold his company after retirement.答案：d34. what is the authors attitude towards ikeas future according to the last paragraph?a.indifferent.b.doubtful.c.optimistic.d.pessimistic.答案：c35. the passage is developed prim

37、arily in terms ofa.analysis of a processb.examples that illustrate a problem.c.comparison and contrast.d.sequence of events.答案：d第二篇 approaches to understanding intelligencesit pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .you may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good read

38、er . each of us is different .psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .psychologists have two different views on intelligence .some believe there is one general intelligence .others believe there are many different intelligences .some psychologist

39、s say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with iq tests .these psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .they do well on tests using words ,numbers or pictures. they do well

40、on individual or group tests ,and written or oral tests .those who do poorly on one test ,do the same on all tests .studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .the brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .the brain waves of people

41、with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .howard gardner , a psychologist at the harvard school of education ,has four children .he believ

42、es that all children are different and shouldnt be tested by one intelligence test .although gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesnt think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .he think that the human mind has different intelligences .these intelli

43、gences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .gardner says that his theory is based on biology .f

44、or example ,when one part of the brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .people who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing .so ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical,

45、 interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身體動(dòng)覺的),and naturalistic .36.what is the main idea of this passage ?a. the importance of intelligence .b. the development of intelligence tests .c. how to understand intelligence .d. how to become intelligent .答案：c37.which of the following statements is

46、 true concerning general intelligence ?a. most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests .b. intelligent people do not do well on group tests .c. intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests .d. people doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests

47、 .答案：d38.gardner believes that _ .a. all children are alike .b. children have different intelligences .c. children should take one intelligence test .d. there is no general intelligence .答案：b39.according to gardner, schools should _ .a. promote development of all intelligences .b. test students iqs

48、.c. train students who do poorly on tests .d. focus on finding the most intelligent students .答案：a40.gardner thinks that his theory has a _ .a. musical foundation .b. intrapersonal foundation .c. linguistic foundation .d. biological foundation .答案：d第三篇 the workers role in managementtraditionally, it

49、 has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. at m

50、ost, companies have provided suggestion boxes in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. in recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of laborthey have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant con

51、tributions to its management. furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. this is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?workers should have a role in ma

52、nagement. at the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (a common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent

53、 layoffs(失業(yè)), often with no warning. at least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be

54、willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.it should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. there ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policymaking groups. if rank-and-file workers

55、 are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. as a further incentive, they must be given a share in the companys profits. this can be done through employee stock ownership plans, b

56、onuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.41.it can be interred from paragraph 1 that managers_.a. were not qualifiedb. seldom obtained workersopinionsc. disliked “suggestion boxes”d. never consulted t