專八常用翻譯詞匯

1、漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(九)控股公司holding company; controlling company; parent company跨國公司/集團(tuán)/企業(yè)multinational corporation/group/enterprise 會(huì)計(jì)事務(wù)所public accounting firm 勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)labor-intensive industry立交橋flyover; overpass（美）“2002中國”旅游年“Visit China 2002” 貿(mào)易往來trade contracts; commercial intercourse美容美發(fā)中心beauty salon企業(yè)兼并和

2、聯(lián)合the merger and association of enterprises人均國民收入per capita national income人均國民生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)中等發(fā)達(dá)國家水平 an average per capita GNP up to the standard of medium-developed countries實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)take practices as the sole criterion for judging truth投資環(huán)境investment environment外資企業(yè)foreign-funded enterprises溫飽問題the peo

3、ples basic need for food and clothing物價(jià)指數(shù)price-rise index“希望工程”、“青年志愿者”和“手拉手”活動(dòng) activities like the “Hope Project”, “Young Volunteers” and “Hand in Hand”香港特別行政區(qū) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR) 香港特別行政區(qū)長官the chief Executive of the HKSAR 消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì) consumer association 消費(fèi)者權(quán)益 consumers rights

4、and interests小康生活 living a relatively comfortable life （發(fā)展是）“硬道理”development is the most essential criterion職業(yè)道德occupational ethics; professional ethics職業(yè)道德規(guī)范norms of occupational ethics綜合國力comprehensive national strength; the overall strength of the country自尊、自信、自強(qiáng)的民族精神 the national spirit of self-

5、respect, self-confidence and self-support漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(八)不附帶任何條件be accompanied by no conditions自信心confidence和平共處coexist peacefully原則立場principled stand 民族自尊心national dignity 一貫主張constantly state 國際局勢international situation經(jīng)濟(jì)差距economic gap 發(fā)達(dá)國家developed countries 發(fā)展中國家developing countries不利于not contribut

6、e to 對內(nèi)開放和對外開放to open up both externally and internally 戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)strategic goal加強(qiáng)與的合作strengthen exchanges and co-operation in有潛能have potential共同努力jointly work hard for能量power ,energy“溫室效應(yīng)”“green-house effect”土地沙漠化desertification 生態(tài)惡化deterioration of the ecology酸雨acid rain 提高人們的環(huán)境意識raise peoples awareness

7、 of the environment保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境environmental protection罕見的rare吃飯穿衣food and clothing 保持豐收gain a good harvest增加農(nóng)業(yè)投入invest more in agriculture可行性研究報(bào)告feasibility study report可視電話video telephone漢譯英?？荚~匯(七)中國的國情Chinas own conditions人力資源manpower, human resources 資金不足short of funds圍繞focus on經(jīng)濟(jì)效率economic efficiency

8、降低生產(chǎn)成本lower production cost生產(chǎn)力productive forces勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率labor productivity巨大發(fā)展have made a big advance技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technology transfer對待treat 改善improve認(rèn)真執(zhí)行faithfully implement 中外合資企業(yè)joint ventures 現(xiàn)有企業(yè)existing enterprises獨(dú)立自主independence自力更生self-reliance 對有利beneficial to 加強(qiáng)strengthen 實(shí)行implement, carry out貨物goods

9、 漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(六)鴉片戰(zhàn)爭The Opium War連續(xù)十年for ten years running衡量measure, evaluate財(cái)政資助financial support高等學(xué)校institutions of higher education高等教育higher education初等教育elementary education secondary schools山區(qū)mountain areas發(fā)電produce electricity取代replace主張hold ,state 共同管理jointly manage一律平等be all equal牟取任何暴利seek e

10、xcessive profits靈活的flexible領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和組織guide and organize充分發(fā)揮積極性bring ones initiative into full play 普遍規(guī)律general law “星火”計(jì)劃“spark” program廣大農(nóng)村vast rural areas推廣spread把應(yīng)用于生產(chǎn)applyto production 第三世界the third world維護(hù)民族獨(dú)立defend national independence國家主權(quán)state sovereignty政治獨(dú)立political independence鞏固back up, conso

11、lidate苦難經(jīng)歷hard experience , sufferings實(shí)踐practice改造transformation漢譯英?？荚~匯(五)長時(shí)間閉關(guān)鎖國be closed and self-fettered for a long time境況circumstances必然結(jié)論inevitable solution 爭取外援win foreign aid閉關(guān)自守Closed-door policy資本capital項(xiàng)目items / projects冒險(xiǎn)的成分element of risk承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)bear (take) the risk of世界銀行The World Bank計(jì)算方法

12、method of calculation估算estimate局限性limitation經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)economic structure指示說明instruction, direction 追求眼前利益pursue ones short-term interests原料raw materials重工業(yè)heavy industry裝配和修理assemble and repair大型large-sized中型medium-sized小型small-sized合理的發(fā)展rationally developed長處strong points短處weak points各級政府government at al

13、l levels各行各業(yè)的人們people from all trades and professions祖先ancestors長江流域Yangtze river basins長江三峽the Three Gorges of Yangtze River漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(四)人才外流The brain drain 急需need badly缺乏lack, be short of中國政府the government of China投資環(huán)境environment for investment集中力量concentrate on鼓勵(lì)encourage技術(shù)改造technological transfo

14、rmation 進(jìn)口貨物imported goods進(jìn)口或出口import or export 創(chuàng)收外匯earn foreign exchange (currency) 競爭competition 廠商manufacturers活躍市場enliven the market逐步建立gradually establish 造成損失cause a loss to 被列為be listed as全國人民代表大會(huì)the National Peoples Congress制定的法律make a law of (to)十分重視attach importance to基本國策fundamental natio

15、nal policies大力發(fā)展strive to develop社區(qū)服務(wù)community service 社會(huì)福利事業(yè)social welfare system 高層建筑high-rising buildings住房建設(shè)housing construction不吸煙者nonsmokers從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)看in the long run古代中國ancient China漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(三)改進(jìn)教和學(xué) improve teaching and learning 按分?jǐn)?shù) according to the grades 傳真機(jī) fax machines個(gè)體經(jīng)營者 self-employed bu

16、sinessmen 工作安排 work arrangement 電子郵件 electric mail 工作場所 working place 總產(chǎn)值 general output of 跟上時(shí)代的步伐 keep pace with the times 獲取知識的重要渠道 an important channel to acquire knowledge 每隔一段時(shí)間 at short intervals 進(jìn)餐習(xí)俗 eating customs落后 backward 外語能力 foreign language ability 恢復(fù) restore 獲得 acquire, master統(tǒng)一考試 un

17、ified test培養(yǎng) train, cultivate 外語中學(xué) foreign language school 地區(qū)性的 regional讀寫困難 difficulties in reading and writing 就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì) opportunities for employment受過良好教育 well-educated未受教育 uneducated遺憾的是 It is a pity that造成了困難 cause some difficulties 財(cái)富 a treasure to 漢譯英常考詞匯、短語(二)高等院校 institutions of higher learning/

18、education 準(zhǔn)時(shí) be punctual私人開辦的公司 privately owned companies公共衛(wèi)生 public health機(jī)關(guān)集體 government and social institutions增強(qiáng)婦女的參政意識 enhance womens awareness of political participation 取暖 heating太陽能 solar energy信息 information全國性 nation-wide信息網(wǎng)絡(luò) information network承擔(dān) take over 功能 function體力勞動(dòng) physical labor代價(jià)

19、太高 high cost宇宙飛行 space flight新的發(fā)現(xiàn) discoveries與日俱增 increase every day國際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 global economic order妨礙 hinder統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)學(xué) statistics鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè) township enterprise生活質(zhì)量 the quality of life偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū) remote areas文化素質(zhì) cultural qualities推動(dòng) give a push to 促進(jìn) promote 進(jìn)步 progress, advance唐代 Tang Dynasty 概念 concept 漢譯英?？荚~匯、短語(一)“安全

20、島”pedestrian island按國際慣例 according to the international practices保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)to protect intellectual property (right)成人教育和職業(yè)教育adult education and job training (vocational education)懲治腐敗 to combat corruption第三產(chǎn)業(yè) the service sector；tertiary industry多極化趨勢the trends towards multi-polarity 改革開放政策the policies of reform and open-up(openning-up)崗位培訓(xùn)和就業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)pre-job and on-the-job training高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)new and high-tech industrial development zone 合法權(quán)益lawful rights and interests宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)模式