英語句子成分講解清晰版PPT課件

.,1,一、介紹與其重要性,句子是寫作的基本單位，只有寫好句子才有可能寫好文章。英語的句子成分有八種：,主語、謂語動詞、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、主語補足語和賓語補足語。,學(xué)會判斷句子成分對以后學(xué)習(xí)難句奠定了基礎(chǔ)。英語句子的構(gòu)成也有其特定的規(guī)律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常見句式和詞語的習(xí)慣搭配，就能寫出完整、正確的句子。,.,2,句子成分詳解表,.,3,英語的句子成分：,一）主語：Wallshaveears.Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.Threeplusfourequalsseven.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.二）謂語由_擔(dān)任。助動詞或情態(tài)動詞加其他動詞的適當形式也構(gòu)成謂語動詞。Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Thechancemaynevercomeagain.Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994.,動詞/動詞短語,名詞,代詞,數(shù)詞,todo不定式,doing動名詞,句子,.,4,Myfatherisaprofessor.Whosthat?Itsme.Everythinghereisexpensive.Thematchbecameveryexciting.Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.,三）表語它的位置在_之后。是用來說明主語的_,_,_的.,系動詞、連系動詞,性質(zhì),特征,狀態(tài),名詞n,代詞pron,形容詞adj,adj,介詞短語,數(shù)詞,todo不定式,句子,.,5,（四）賓語表示動作的對象，是動作的承受者。賓語一般放在_之后。_詞后也會跟賓語。,Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.Wehaventseenherforalongtime.Doyoumindopeningthewindow?Givemefourplease.Hewantstodreamanicedream.Weneedknowwhatothersaredoing.Weshouldcaremoreaboutourfriends.,動詞/動詞短語,介詞,名詞n,代詞pron,動名詞,代詞和數(shù)詞,todo不定式,句子,介詞+名詞,.,6,（五）定語是修飾_詞.單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的名詞之_；短語和從句作定語時則放在它所修飾的名詞之_。,Theyarewomanworkers.Tomsfatherdidntwritehomeuntilyesterday.Maryisabeautifulgirl.Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Ihavenothingtoeat.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.,名,前,后,名詞,名詞所有格,形容詞adj,數(shù)詞,形容詞/序數(shù)詞/todo不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞doing,todo不定式,從句,.,7,六）狀語狀語表示地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨情況等。,Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.Ileftthevillagefiveyearsago.Iarrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam.Wellsendacartofetchyou.Thefishcaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlybonesThestudentscameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.Ifhegoes,sowillI.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.,地點狀語,時間狀語,原因狀語,目的狀語,結(jié)果狀語,伴隨狀語,條件狀語,讓步狀語,.,8,七）賓語補足語。英語有些及物動詞，除了要有賓語之外，還要加上賓語補足語，才能使句子的意義完整。,Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.Wetrytomakeourcountrystrong.Wefoundeverythingingoodorderthere.Ishouldadviseyoutogetthechance.Isawhimgoingupstairs.Theyfoundthehousebrokenin.,名詞,形容詞,介詞短語,todo不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞doing,done過去分詞,賓語和賓語補足語一起構(gòu)成動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),.,9,八）主語補足語如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)，原賓語成為主語，原賓語補足語相應(yīng)地變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語,Iwaselectedcaptainoftheteam.Ourcountrywillbemadestrong.,與賓語補足語一樣,.,10,口訣記憶,主謂賓表定狀補，解釋說明同位語。句子主干主謂賓（表），輔助成分定狀補。定語修飾名詞代，狀修動詞還有副。主謂人稱數(shù)一致，賓語之后常有補。,.,11,二.五種簡單句基本句型,主語+謂語+賓語主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語,動詞,系動詞,不及物動詞,及物動詞,主語+系+表語,主語+謂語,.,12,1）Ourcityisatthecrossingofsomeimportantrailways.主語系動詞表語2）Thecitywillbecomerich.主語系動詞表語在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的系動詞是：“變化”類：_.“感官”類:_.“持續(xù)”類：_.其他：（似乎）_(證明是)_,get/become/turn/grow/go,taste/smell/feel/look/sound,stay/keep/remain,Seemappear,turnout/prove(tobe),1主語+系動詞+表語,.,13,Exercises,你的故事聽起來很有趣。_.把魚放在冰箱里，否則它會變壞的。_.這種炎熱的天氣將會保持幾天。_.這個計劃證明是可行的。_.,Youstorysoundedveryinteresting.,Putthefishintofridge,ortheywillgobad.,Thehotdaywillremain/stay/keepafewdays.,Theplanturnedout/proved（tobe)practical.,.,14,2主語+謂語,1）Buildinghasstarted.主語謂語2）Thetrainleavesat7:40.主語謂語_搭配：Theteacherteacheswell.Thechildwalksveryslowly._搭配：Thegirllookedatthepicture.Thechildrenrantotheforest.,動詞副詞,動詞介詞,.,15,Exercise,我每天起的很早，走到小花園，坐在凳子上。_,EverydayIgetupearly,walktotheparkandsitonthebench.,.,16,3主語+謂語+賓語,Thebossemployedfivemoreworkers.主語謂語賓語Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Fewstudentsliketakingexams.Heforgottoclosethedoor.IhopeIcanspeakEnglishfluently.,.,17,Exercise,他因為車子開得太快而違反了交通規(guī)則。_.他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快將其喝光。_.他許諾給我一個禮物。_.,Hedrovesofastthathebrokethetrafficrules.,Hetookoutabeeranddrankitupquickly.,Hepromisedtogivemeagift.,.,18,4主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語,1）Hehasfetchedussomenewtextbooks.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語2）Grandmacookedusanicemeal.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語3）Themantoldthegirlthathewantstotestherthesubject.4）TheboyaskedmeifIcouldspeakChinese.,.,19,可接雙賓語的常見動詞有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,順便問一下，她把錢付給你了嗎？_.下學(xué)期誰教你們生物？_.Mr.White告訴我為什么他要出國。_.,Bytheway,hasshepaidyoumoney?,Whowillteachyoubiology?,Mr.Whitetoldmewhyhewentabroad.,.,20,5主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語,1）Thevillagersdidntallowthemtodothis.主語謂語賓語賓語補足語2）Iwillkeeptheboxintheshade.3）Wefou