高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(含答案).doc

.狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)，可分為：時(shí)間、條件、讓步、原因、目的、結(jié)果、比較、地點(diǎn)、方式狀語(yǔ)從句。一、 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。1 When , while, as都可解釋為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。1) When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.注意點(diǎn)：when 從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句主語(yǔ)和be可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2) AsAs 除了表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，還可表示為“一面一面”，“隨著”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(隨著)3) While表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句一般用進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意點(diǎn)：while 有對(duì)比的含義，解釋為“然而”。eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2 until, notuntil表示“直到才”,在肯定句中主句常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；在否定句中主句常用短暫性動(dòng)詞?？隙ň洌篒 waited until midnight.否定句：I did not leave until midnight.注意點(diǎn)：1）not until在句首，主句用倒裝eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2) It is not untilthat引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句It was not until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, each time都可表示“一就”eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.注意點(diǎn)：the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time作連詞不和when 連用。4Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan, as soon as表示為“一就”eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home.注意點(diǎn)：Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan位于句首，主句用倒裝eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.二 條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句分為兩大類：真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if, even if/though, unless/ if not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so far as, provided/providing (that), on condition that 等。條件狀語(yǔ)從句中如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1. unless 和ifnot unless 相當(dāng)于ifnoteg: You will fail unless you study hard. You will not fail if you study hard.注意點(diǎn)：在虛擬條件句中可用ifnot，但不能用unlesseg: If she were not too silly,she would understand.2 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的其它連詞：Eg: You may go there ,as long as you keep quite.Eg: I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.Eg: I will go provided that you go too.三 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：though, although, even if/ though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。1 though, although不可與but連用，但可以和yet , still連用.Eg: Though/Although it is raining ,they are still running outside.注意點(diǎn)：1） though可引導(dǎo)倒裝(although不引導(dǎo)倒裝)，結(jié)構(gòu)為： 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象+as/though+主語(yǔ)+其它成分，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象可為表語(yǔ)（名詞、形容詞）或狀語(yǔ)（副詞），表語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，前面不用冠詞。Child as/ though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.Tired as he is, he goes on with his work.2） despite 和 in spite of 也有讓步意義，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞，而though, although是連詞，后接從句。Eg: Despite /In spite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter. Though/although she wanted to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.2. “no matter+疑問(wèn)詞”或“疑問(wèn)詞+后綴ever”eg: No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind.注意點(diǎn)：no matter+疑問(wèn)詞不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句3. even if/ though表示“即使”eg: He doesnt want to marry her even if/ though he loves her very much.四 原因狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact that等1becausebecause語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，通常用于回答why 提出的問(wèn)題注意點(diǎn)：在it wasthat的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句可用because引導(dǎo)，不用since,as, for引導(dǎo)。Eg: It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation.2. since和assince的語(yǔ)氣比because 弱，比as強(qiáng)，表示間接的，已知的原因，自然的結(jié)果，表示“既然，由于”。Eg: As/ Since you are not very well, you had better have a rest.3for當(dāng)for表示原因關(guān)系時(shí)，for分句是對(duì)第一分句內(nèi)容的推斷或猜測(cè)。Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.五 目的狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有： so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that等。Eg: You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.注意點(diǎn)：lest, in case, for fear that所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，動(dòng)詞可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形，也可不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Eg: You had better leave the key at home in case one of us should think of/thinks of coming back.六 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有： so that, sothat, suchthat等 eg: He is so young that he can not go to school. He is such a young boy that he can not go to school.1常用句型：so+形容詞/副詞+that從句so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句such +a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句such +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句2 so和such的搭配規(guī)律such修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so修飾形容詞或副詞,so還可接many, few, much, little等。Eg: so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many/few flowers such nice flowers so much/little money such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people七 比較狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：asas, than, not soas, the morethe more等 如：He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does)I cant jump so /as high as he (does)There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it . The more you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is . 連接詞than 可作為關(guān)系代詞用。如：He wrote more than was necessary Dont carry more money than is needed八地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有:where, wherever以及 where構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞等 eg: She found her calculator where she lost it. Wherever I am, I will miss you.注意點(diǎn)：eg: I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time.（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句） I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.（定語(yǔ)從句）九 方式狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有as, just as, as if / though（一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也有用直陳語(yǔ)氣的）等。EG：Just do as you are told. The workers went on working as if nothing had happened. He talked to the girl as though he had fallen in love with her. 在just as -, so - 結(jié)構(gòu)中，as 帶有比喻含義。意為“正如”，多用于正式文體。EG：Just as some people like sports, so some people like music. the way 也可引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。EG：you should operate the machine the way I do . 1. Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed.A. unless B. sinceC. although D. when2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unlessC. after D. until3. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. UnlessC. As long as D. while4 You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway. A. even if B. as thoughC. as long as D. unless5. “Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?” “Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.” A. after B. unlessC. until D. when6. _ I suggest, he always disagrees. A. However B. WhateverC. Whichever D. Whoever7. You should put on the notices _ all the people may see them.A. where B. in whichC. at D. for them8. _ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.A. Wherever B. HoweverC. Whichever D. Whoever9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _ she realized what she had said.A. while B. as soon asC. suddenly D. then10. _ her faults, shes Arnolds mother. Dont be so rude to her.A. Whatever B. WhatC. Whichever D. Whenever 11. _ youre got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. AfterC. Although D. As soon as12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _ I met her.A. first time B. for the first timeC. the first time D. by the first time13. Dont play by the river _ you fall in and drown!A. in case B. so thatC. in order that D. when14. Why do you want a new job _ youve got such a good one already? A. that B. where C. which D. when15. He is better than _ I last visited him. A. whenB. that C. how D. which16. _ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.A. So long as B. Even though C. Since D. While17. _ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.A. While B. As C. Since D. Because18. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 19. _ rich one may be there is always something one wants. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever20. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. which B. when C. so that D. as if21. Mr Zhang is mild in character. He never shouts _ he is very angry.A. if B. even C. though D. even when22. “How long do you suppose it is _ he left for Japan?” “No more than half a month.”A. when B. before C. after D. since23. In some countries, _ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state. A. that B. which C. as D. what 【答案與解析】1. 選 D。when 意為“在(當(dāng))時(shí)候”。其余三項(xiàng)填入空格處，句意不通。2. 選 D。until 意為“直到”，句意為“一位優(yōu)秀的故事講述者必須能夠讓聽眾在故事結(jié)束前一直保持好奇心”。3. 選 C。as long as 意為“只要”，全句意為“只要我知道這錢是安全的，我就不會(huì)擔(dān)心了”。類似地，下面一題也選 as long as：“What are you going to do this afternoon? “Ill probably go for a walk later on _ it stays fine.”A. as far as B. as long asC. even if D. as if4. 選 D。unless 意為“如果不”、“除非”，用以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。5. 選 C?？疾?notuntil 句式，其意為“直到才”。6. 選B。whatever 引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 no matter what。注意不能選A，因?yàn)?suggest 是及物動(dòng)詞，它應(yīng)帶自己的賓語(yǔ)，而 however 不能用作賓語(yǔ)。7. 選A。where 指“在的地方”，用以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。8. 選A，wherever 意為“無(wú)論什么地方”。9. 選 B。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知。如下面一題也選as soon as：_ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.A. While B. As soon asC. Suddenly D. Then10. 選A。whatever her faults 為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句末省略了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 are。11. 選 A。now that 為連詞，用以引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，其意為“既然”，與since 同義。其中的 might as well意為“不妨”。全句意為“既然你得到一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，你不妨充分利用它”。12.