2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅥ（自修課）Writing—正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文學(xué)案.docx

Section (自修課) Writing正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文屬于說理性議論文，它是對某個(gè)議論對象提出見解或主張并說明理由，使讀者信服的文章。作者通過擺事實(shí)、講道理、辨是非來確定其觀點(diǎn)的正誤，支持或否定某種主張，從而達(dá)到讓讀者信服或接受其觀點(diǎn)或看法的目的。一、寫作要領(lǐng)正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文的寫法與一般議論文的寫法相同。一般包括以下三條：1在開頭提出議題，也就是提出論點(diǎn)。議題的提出要開門見山，不要拖泥帶水。并且開頭句往往是主題句。2議論時(shí)要有充分的論據(jù)，作者可以運(yùn)用列舉事實(shí)、展示數(shù)據(jù)、提供事例、借助常識或利用親身經(jīng)歷的方法。正文部分是寫作的重點(diǎn)，論證方法可用歸納法、推理法、比較法等。3在結(jié)論部分發(fā)表作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。作者的觀點(diǎn)必須鮮明，不能模棱兩可。議論文寫作一般分為四步，稱為四步法。第一步：介紹話題；第二步：從正方辯論；第三步：從反方辯論；第四步：發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。二、增分佳句1It is well known that .2Everyone knows that .3Some people think that .4It seems obvious that .5Secondly, some people are in favour of the idea of doing .6They point out the fact that .7They consider it . to do .8However, other people stand on a different ground.9People hold different views/ideas about .10First/Firstly, second/secondly, third/thirdly, finally, then, next, in addition, furthermore, besides, whats more11Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.12In my opinion/view .13As far as I know .14As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea .題目要求近年來禁煙的話題引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，請根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇100詞左右的短文，并表明自己“支持禁煙”的觀點(diǎn)。支持禁煙者反對禁煙者1.禁煙可避免多種疾病，增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)；2政府能節(jié)約大量因治療由吸煙引起的疾病而花費(fèi)的資金；3禁煙有助于精神文明建設(shè)，提高人口素質(zhì)。1.吸煙有助于工作，能給吸煙者帶來放松的感覺；2吸煙能增加政府的煙稅收入。你的觀點(diǎn)第一步：審題構(gòu)思很關(guān)鍵一、審題1確定體裁：本文為議論文；2確定人稱：本文主要人稱應(yīng)為第三人稱；3確定時(shí)態(tài)：本文主要時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。二、構(gòu)思第一步：介紹話題，提出論點(diǎn)。第二步：從正方辯論。給出實(shí)例，證明論點(diǎn)。第三步：從反方辯論。給出實(shí)例，證明論點(diǎn)。第四步：發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。第二步：核心詞匯想周全1across_the_country/all_over_the_country在全國范圍內(nèi)2at_present/at_the_moment/now/currently 目前3in_favour_of/approve_of/in_support_of/agree_with 支持，贊成4be_against/be_opposed_to/object_to 反對5spiritual_civilization 精神文明6population_quality 人口素質(zhì)7a_sense_of_relaxation 放松的感覺8be_harmful_to 對有害9as_is_known_to_all/as_everyone_knows 眾所周知第三步：由詞擴(kuò)句雛形現(xiàn)1中國政府已決定在全國范圍內(nèi)禁止在公共場所吸煙。(主謂賓)Chinese_government_has_decided_to_ban_smoking_in_public_places_across_the_country.2但是目前對于是否應(yīng)該禁煙仍有許多爭論。(含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)But_at_present_there_are_still_a_lot_of_discussions_about_whether_smoking_should_be_banned.3支持戒煙的人認(rèn)為禁煙能避免很多疾病。(定語從句；賓語從句)People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases.4禁煙能增強(qiáng)人們的體質(zhì)。(主謂賓)Banning_smoking_can_improve_peoples_health.5禁煙能幫助政府節(jié)約大量因治療由吸煙引起的疾病而花費(fèi)的資金。(主語謂語賓語賓補(bǔ))Banning_smoking_will_help_our_government_save_a_lot_of_money_from_the_cost_of_curing_the_diseases_caused_by_smoking.6禁煙有助于精神文明建設(shè)，提高人口素質(zhì)。(主謂賓)Banning_smoking_can_help_construct_spiritual_civilization_and_improve_the_population_quality.7一些人反對戒煙。(主系表)Others_are_against_banning_smoking.8他們認(rèn)為吸煙有助于工作，能給吸煙者帶來放松的感覺。(賓語從句)They_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_a_sense_of_relaxation.9吸煙能增加政府的煙稅收入。Smoking_can_bring_the_government_a_lot_of_money.第四步：句式升級造亮點(diǎn)1用not only .but also .連接句3、4People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_not_only_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases_but_also_can_improve_peoples_health.2用who引導(dǎo)的定語從句連接句7、8Others_who_are_against_banning_smoking_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_a_sense_of_relaxation.第五步：過渡銜接聯(lián)成篇Chinese_government_has_decided_to_ban_smoking_in_public_places_across_the_country._But_at_present_there_are_still_a_lot_of_discussions_about_whether_smoking_should_be_banned.People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_not_only_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases,_but_also_can_improve_peoples_health.Banning_smoking_will_help_our_government_save_a_lot_of_money_from_the_cost_of_curing_the_diseases_caused_by_smoking._Besides,_banning_smoking_can_help_construct_spiritual_civilization_and_improve_the_population_quality.Others_who_are_against_banning_smoking_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_