2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit16Stories單元質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一）（含解析）北師大版.docx

單元質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(一).閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHow did the ancient Chinesekeep food warm in winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers and electric kettles make it easy for people to keep food warm. In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation.“Wen Ding”， ancient rice cookerThe “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from the Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures.“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot potThe “Ran Lu” is a smallsized cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze. A charcoal (木炭) stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC)Bronze You, ancient kettleThe Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with a beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed.Bronze Yan, ancient steamerAlthough the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25AD 220), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modernday steamer.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了古代中國(guó)人在冬天如何給食物保溫。1When did the “Ran Lu” become popular?AIn the Zhou Dynasty.BIn the Warring States Period.CIn the Eastern Han Dynasty.DIn the Neolithic Age.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot pot部分中的“these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC)”可知，“Ran Lu”在戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期變得受歡迎，故答案為B。2What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?AIt is warm.BIt is convenient.CIt is environmentfriendly. DIt is useful.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Bronze Yan, ancient steamer部分中的 “Although the Wen Ding . its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains”可推知，the Bronze Yan的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于環(huán)保，故答案為C。3Among the following products, which one may have the longest history?AThe “Wen Ding”. BThe “Ran Lu”CThe Bronze You. DThe Bronze Yan.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Wen Ding”，ancient rice cooker部分中的“The Wen Ding unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age”可知，“Wen Ding”歷史最悠久，故答案為A。BOur room was on the second floor but you could still hear the roar of the ocean and see the stars at night. I used to take long walks along the water. The food in town was wonderful and the people were very friendly. The area was very quiet and peaceful, and fairly deserted.The last evening of our vacation, however, we all heard strange footsteps following closely behind us as we were walking up to our room in the holiday centre. We turned around and noticed a fairly young man moving very rapidly across the beach and getting closer to us. He was tall and wore a baseball cap. We couldnt see his face and he was approaching us very rapidly. The mans actions made my dad very nervous. Dad warned us that wed better try to make it to our hotel room as quickly as possible. I didnt like my dads voice. I could hear fear in it. It was late and we were all alone. We didnt have any cell phones on us. I never saw Dad as worried as he was then and I knew that something was terribly wrong. The sense of fear started to overwhelm Mom and me. We had had such a good time in town. Now, the night was rapidly turning into a dangerous situation.We could hear the mans footsteps getting closer. Dads face was almost pale. The socalled intruder (侵入者) had moved nearer and nearer when all of a sudden, the nearby vending (自動(dòng)售賣(mài)) machine started going crazy and spitting out cans of soda! The noise actually scared the intruder and he ran out of sight. My parents were shaking, but we all turned around to see who had put money into the vending machine downstairs, and actually saved us, but no one was around at all. Not a soul.Its one vacation I will never forget.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，描寫(xiě)了作者一家人在海邊度假時(shí)的一次離奇而可怕的經(jīng)歷。4Where did the author spend the vacation?ANear a lake. BAt the seaside.CIn a village. DIn a mountain.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，作者旅行的地方應(yīng)該是在海邊，因此才能聽(tīng)到海風(fēng)呼嘯。故選B。5What happened on the last evening of their vacation?AThey were followed by a stranger.BTheir cell phones were missing.CTheir money was stolen.DThey lost their way.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，在假期的最后一晚有陌生人跟蹤他們。故選A。6The underlined word “overwhelm” in Paragraph 2 means“_”Acontrol BmoveCexcite Dimpress解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句的上文并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，作者一家人都很害怕，所以此處應(yīng)指這種恐懼的氣氛籠罩著他們。overwhelm意為“壓倒；覆蓋”。control意思與之最接近。故選A。7What helped them get out of the trouble?ATheir quick action.BOther peoples kind help.CThe young mans warning.DThe noise from the vending machine.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句可知，是自動(dòng)售賣(mài)機(jī)發(fā)出的響聲嚇走了侵入者。故選D。CUrban air pollution is a huge public health issue it kills more than 3 million people every year, according to the latest World Health Organization estimation.As cities from Beijing to Paris to Sydney focus on reducing car traffic as a way to improve air quality, the city of Amsterdam is really ahead of the pack. In about 10 years, gaspowered cars in the city will be banned. Their bus fleet will be powered by solar and wind by 2025.While changes in major transportation and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) take time, researchers at the Wageningen University in the Netherlands are testing a more immediate solution: a new type of honeysuckle (金銀花) called Green Junkie.This new honeysuckle is bred to consume more carbon dioxide in other words, it eats smog.“The parts of a plant that pick up air pollution out of the air are the hairs， so what theyve changed for this honeysuckle is that theyve made it very, very hairy，” Emily Parry from AMS Institute, told Fastcoexist. The leaves of the plant are bigger and hairier than typical honeysuckle, and they grow more quickly, too. And its fed with a special organic fertilizer made from plant waste collected from the city.It makes sense that plants would be hybridized (雜交) for pollution cleanup of a special kind. Many plants absorb so much pollution so that NASA has long promoted a list of those that can keep indoor air cleaner and many homeowners choose plants that are particularly good at doing so. Some grasses and ivies are already used in traffic medians and roadsides specially because they can reduce particulate pollution (顆粒污染) by up to 60 percent.語(yǔ)篇解讀：研究表明，一種新型的金銀花因其葉子上的毛能吸收二氧化碳而成為減輕空氣污染的新寵兒。8By mentioning the solutions of some cities in the second paragraph, the author wants to express _.Areducing car traffic is an effective way to improve air qualityBcars will be powered by solar and wind by 2025Ctheir solutions dont have a quick effect on air pollutionDgaspowered cars give off a lot of carbon dioxide解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，北京、巴黎、悉尼及阿姆斯特丹為減輕空氣污染采取了一系列措施，但收效甚微。由此可推測(cè)，舊的減輕空氣污染的措施耗時(shí)太久，不能快速改善空氣質(zhì)量。故選C項(xiàng)。9Which part of the new honeysuckle can take in smog?AHairs. BFlowers.CRoots. DWaste.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，新型的金銀花上的毛能吸收污染的空氣。故選A項(xiàng)。10Compared with typical honeysuckle, the new honeysuckle _.Acan grow more slowlyBneed animal waste to growCcan grow larger and hairier leavesDcan reduce more smog by up to 60 percent解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，這種新型的金銀花的葉子長(zhǎng)得更大、有更多毛。故選C項(xiàng)。11What is the best title for the text?AA Huge Public Health IssueBIs Smog More and More Terrible?CCars Powered by Solar and WindDCan a Flower Help Cities Reduce Air Pollution?解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種新型的金銀花因其葉子上的毛能吸收二氧化碳而成為減輕空氣污染的新寵兒，故選D項(xiàng)。DHistory movies have a huge audience in the US. A lot of these viewers are kids, watching the movies in theaters, at home and even at school.Factbased or fictional, realistic or fantastic, history movies shape the way people think about the past. In a study of how families discussed historical understanding of the Vietnam War era, kids and parents both brought back memories of movies. Forrest Gump, in particular, was referred to by both generations.Another study suggested that history films are likely used quite often in the classroom. People often speak of the busy or lazy teacher who puts on a movie instead of doing “real” teaching. However, research indicates that teachers actually tend to have good motives (動(dòng)機(jī)) when it comes to showing movies in class. They believe that students are more motivated when a film is used. But are movies like these good for learning about history?Most young people are clever enough to know that movies are fictionalized, but that doesnt mean they know how to keep history and Hollywood separate. In a study of two US. history classes, high school students interviewed claimed that Hollywood films are less trustworthy sources of information. Yet in classroom activities, they treated them like any other reliable source. “The teacher must see some good history in it，” explained one student. “I dont think hes going to show something random，” said another.The complicated relationship between fact and fiction is one of the many challenges educators face when theyre using history movies in their classrooms. Its not as simple as pressing “play”. History movies have potential as learning tools, but that potential isnt easy to realize.History movies by themselves dont teach. To help students really learn about history via Hollywood films, teachers need knowledge about the topics of the films. They also need to have good learning goals and awareness of the diverse cultural viewpoints that students bring to the classroom. And they need the time and resources for meaningful discussion or assignments after viewing.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是議論文。歷史類(lèi)電影常被老師當(dāng)作教學(xué)資源，但是學(xué)生能否通過(guò)觀(guān)看這類(lèi)電影學(xué)習(xí)歷史呢？12What does the author try to show by mentioning the study in Paragraph 2?AHistory movies affect peoples views on the past.BThe favorite topic family members is history.CForrest Gump is popular among people of all ages.DHistory movies are a bond between parents and kids.解析：選A推理判斷題。由第二段可知，無(wú)論是基于事實(shí)的還是虛構(gòu)的，無(wú)論是寫(xiě)實(shí)類(lèi)的還是奇幻類(lèi)的，歷史電影都影響著人們對(duì)過(guò)去歷史的看法，在緊接的例子里，當(dāng)家庭成員討論越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這個(gè)時(shí)期時(shí)，家長(zhǎng)和孩子都提到了相關(guān)的電影，尤其是Forrest Gump；由此可見(jiàn)，這一研究說(shuō)明歷史電影影響人們對(duì)過(guò)去的看法。13What did the students interviewed think of the history movies shown in class?AThey are historically accurate.BThey are educationally valuable.CThey are complicated in the plot.DThey are completely pure fictions.解析：選B推理判斷題。由第四段的“The teacher must see some good history in it”和“I dont think hes going to show something random”可知，這兩名學(xué)生信賴(lài)?yán)蠋熢谡n堂上播放的電影，認(rèn)為老師是因?yàn)榭吹搅似渲泻玫臍v史元素才播放的；由此推知，他們認(rèn)為課堂上播放的歷史電影在教育上是有價(jià)值的。14Which of the following may help history movies be good learning tools?AClose relations between fact and fiction.BDiverse topics and cultural backgrounds.CProper choices of films and lesson goals.DResponsible film producers like Hollywood.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段主要總結(jié)了老師如何才能把歷史電影變?yōu)閷W(xué)習(xí)工具，由本段的“teachers need knowledge about the topics of the films”和“They also need to have good learning goals”可知，老師需要知道電影講述的主題，需要有明確的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，即適當(dāng)?shù)碾娪斑x擇和課程目標(biāo)會(huì)幫助歷史電影成為好的學(xué)習(xí)工具。15What would be the best title for the text?AMovies get students interested in historyBHistory movies are loved by HollywoodCWhy do teachers show movies in class?DAre movies a good way to learn history?解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。綜合全文可知，本文是圍繞歷史電影是否是學(xué)習(xí)歷史的好方法展開(kāi)的。.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Tips to Manage StressYou cant rid stress from your life completely, but you can reduce it. Know that it takes some efforts because you may have to make changes in your attitude and lifestyle. Reducing stress requires that you know how you react to stress. If you know, you can change your behavior. _16_. See the glass as half full instead of half empty. Also, develop a strategy for handling stressful situations. This way, you wont be caught off guard (措手不及). Here are the helpful tips：_17_When your body is healthy, it can stand up to stress. Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods.A lowfat diet helps slow the progress of some stressrelated diseases. Avoid caffeine (咖啡因), nicotine (尼古丁) and alcohol.Laugh_18_. When you laugh or just smile, the blood which flows to the brain is increased. It is due to the release of endorphins (內(nèi)啡肽) which results in a drop in the level of stress hormones (荷爾蒙)Be socialWhen you feel stress, your instincts tell you to isolate yourself. When you withdraw, you allow yourself to concentrate more on the problem, which makes your stress level greater. _19_. Be around with young children, who can help make you forget yourself and your worries.Know your stress and personalityDo you know how to react to stress? Do you yell and kick the furniture? Or do you retreat into stony silence? _20_. Make note of any stressor, the time, the place, how you feel, and what you do as a result. By knowing your own personality, you can learn to respond to stress before you reach the crisis mode.ACall friendsBSupport your coworkersCAdd good nutrition and exerciseDKeep a stress diary for two weeksEParticipate as actively as possibleFTry to be more optimistic and confidentGIt may be one of the healthiest ways to reduce stress語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾種應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的方法和策略。16解析：選F由下文的“See the glass as half full instead of half empty”可推知，改變態(tài)度很重要，要努力變得更加樂(lè)觀(guān)和自信，所以選F項(xiàng)。17解析：選C空處為本段的標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本段中的“Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods”可知，本段主要講的是增加營(yíng)養(yǎng)和多鍛煉身體可以應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，故選C項(xiàng)。18解析：選G根據(jù)常識(shí)并結(jié)合本段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，笑也許是減少壓力的最健康的方法之一，所以選G項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)G中的It代指“Laugh”。19解析：選A結(jié)合本段的標(biāo)題“Be social”可推知，本段主要講的是多參加社交活動(dòng)，不要自我封閉，所以選A項(xiàng)。20解析：選D由下文的“Make note of any stressor, the time, the place, how you feel, and what you do as a result”可知，把與壓力有關(guān)的東西都記下來(lái)，分析并采取相應(yīng)的策略，這與D項(xiàng)契合，所以選D項(xiàng)。.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A person may have a number of abilities and talents, but he could fail. _21_ the person is aware of his abilities and has the determination to _22_ them, he is going to be a failure. Great people _23_ their abilities, made the best use of at least one of their talents and finally succeeded.Great men dont wait for the right opportunity to turn up on their doorstep; _24_， they create the opportunity in order to _25_ on their way to achievements. These are the people who make things _26_.Michael Dell said, “Dont spend so much time trying to choose the perfect opportunity, or you may _27_ the right opportunity.” There is no better time than right now to _28_ doing what you have been thinking about doing. The _29_ is to listen to your heart and let it carry you in the direction of your _30_. Just open your mind to different possibilities, different ways of _31_ a challenge, and it can provide you with many fresh _32_.Another key point is to act upon the seized opportunity. Many of us get the right opportunity but _33_ to make use of it. This is because our _34_ are tied up with things that will give _35_ happiness. The basic tendency of human minds is to look for quick results _36_ rather than longterm satisfaction at a later stage. We should _37_ focus our efforts on vital and precious activities that will take us forward in our path of _38_.With the ability to recognize the right opportunity, determination to _39_ work on it and sincerity to make the best use of it, making _40_ things happen is an absolute possibility.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是議論文。有才能的人也需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造機(jī)遇，并充分利用它，這樣才能取得成功。21A.UnlessBBecauseCWhen DIf解析：選A根據(jù)本空后的aware和failure可知，除非他能意識(shí)到自己的能力，并決心利用它，否則他仍將失敗。22A.achieve BuseCvalue Dconsider解析：選B參見(jiàn)上題解析。23A.developed BadmiredCknew Dacquired解析：選C根據(jù)上句中的“aware of”可知，偉人都很清楚自己的能力并善于充分利用至少其中之一。24A.besides BthereforeCotherwise Dinstead解析：選D根據(jù)上一句可知，他們不會(huì)等著機(jī)會(huì)上門(mén)，而是會(huì)主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造機(jī)遇。25A.fight back Bsettle downCmove ahead Dcheer up解析：選C根據(jù)本空后的way可知，他們主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造機(jī)遇，以便能在成功的道路上繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。26A.happen BmatterCimprove Dstop解析：選A根據(jù)上句中的create可知，他們是主動(dòng)讓事情發(fā)生的一類(lèi)人。27A.expect BmissCdislike Drefuse解析：選B根據(jù)本空前“spend so much time”可知，不能耗費(fèi)時(shí)光去等待機(jī)遇，那樣你就會(huì)錯(cuò)失機(jī)遇。28A.start BadmitCenjoy Dpractise解析：選A現(xiàn)在就是開(kāi)始做你長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)一直想做的事的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。29A.challenge BkeyCintention Dgoal解析：選B根據(jù)下一段第一句中的“Another key point”可知，此處是說(shuō)關(guān)鍵之一是要聽(tīng)從你的內(nèi)心，并且讓它帶你前行。30A.adventures BmemoriesCdreams Dstudies解析：選C根據(jù)上句中的“what you have been thinking about doing”可知，它能帶你去追逐夢(mèng)想。31A.creating BdiscoveringCaccepting Dexamining解析：選D根據(jù)本空前的“Just open your mind to different possibilities”可知，要從不同方面審視挑戰(zhàn)。32A.wishes BtastesCideas Dexcuses解析：選C根據(jù)“open your mind”及兩個(gè)different可知，這樣它就能給你提供許多新想法。33A.pretend BtryCforget Dfail解析：選D根據(jù)本空前的“Many of us get the right opportunity”和but可知，很多人沒(méi)有利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。34A.minds BcharactersCnatures Dlives解析：選A根據(jù)下一句中的“The basic tendency of human minds”可知，那是因?yàn)槲覀兊乃枷氡蛔非罅⒏鸵?jiàn)影的幸福的欲望所束縛。35A.lasting BtrueCfuture Dquick解析：選D根據(jù)下一句中的“l(fā)ook for quick results”可知，我們的思想被追求立竿見(jiàn)影的幸福的欲望所束縛。36A.at present Bby chanceCin person Din common解析：選A根據(jù)該空后的“rather than longterm satisfaction at a later stage”可知，思維的定勢(shì)就是要追求現(xiàn)在立竿見(jiàn)影的效果。37A.immediately BconstantlyCeventually Dnormally解析：選B根據(jù)本空后的“take us forward”可知，我們應(yīng)該持續(xù)不斷地把注意力放在那些重要的活動(dòng)上。38A.exploration BrevolutionCfreedom Dsuccess解析：選D根據(jù)第二段中的“on their way to achievements”可知，堅(jiān)持努力，就能成功。39A.quietly BfreelyChonestly Dopenly解析：選C根據(jù)本空前后的“ability to recognize the right opportunity”和“