上海市普陀區(qū)2025屆高三英語一模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE39上海市普陀區(qū)2025屆高三英語一模試題（含解析）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardsasecond-handcomputer?A.Shedislikesit. B.Shelikestoshareitwithothers.C.Shedoesn’tmindusingit. D.Sheworksoniteveryday.【答案】C【解析】【原文】1.M:Tina,wouldyouliketobuyasecond-handcomputer?W:Yes,Iwould.Definitely,Idon’tmindwhetherit’sneworold,aslongasitworks.Q:What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardsasecond-handcomputer?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatcanbelearnedabouttheman’smother?A.Shelikesreadingfoodlabels. B.Shelikeswaitingforhersonforhours.C.Shehasnointerestinshopping. D.Sheknowshowtomakefoodlabels.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Doyouoftenreadfoodlabelswhenshopping?M:Idon’treally,butmymotherdoes,andIusedtohategoingshoppingwithherbecauseIhadtowaitforhoursuntilshefinishedreadingthelabels.Q:Whatcanbelearnedabouttheman’smother?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Shecan’tfinishherworkintheevening.B.Shehasnothingspecialtodointheevening.C.Shegoestothemoviesintheevening.D.ShewatchesTVwhileeatingdinner.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Susan,whatisatypicaleveningforyou?W:AtypicaleveningformeisgettinghomefromworkandmakingdinnerandwatchingTV.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatcanwelearnaboutMike?A.Hestoppedapolicemanfromspeeding. B.Hewasoncepunishedforspeeding.C.Heoncesawapoliceofficerspeeding. D.Heusedtoworkasapoliceman.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mike,haveyoueverbeenstoppedbythepolicebefore?M:Ah,yeah,actuallyIhaveonce.Igotaspeedingticketonetime.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutMike?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Hecangotobuysomesocks. B.Helikesplayingfootball.C.Hedoesn’tliketowatchafootballgame. D.Hissocksareasgoodasnew.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Anna,winteriscoming.I’mgoingtousethemagain.W:Sockswearoutprettyeasily.You’vereallykeptthemingoodcondition.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Toworkwithstudents. B.Toborrowaphonefromstudents.C.Tousehiscellphonemore. D.Togiveupcomputers.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Iknow.Actuallyit’samazing.Howfastmystudentscanusetheircellphones,butI’mjusttheopposite.M:IthinkifyoustartusingyourphonemoreandnotyourPC,thenyouwouldbefastatit,too.Q:Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?ATheyarebothcrazyaboutspace. B.Themanlikesspacemorethanthewoman.C.Theyseldomwatchmoviesaboutspace. D.Theyhopetogotospacetogether.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:SincemychildhoodI’vebeenveryinterestedinstars,moon,andthingsaboutspace,soIwishIcouldtraveltospaceoneday.Howaboutyou?W:Yes,thesame.I’minterestedinstoriesandmoviesaboutspace,forexample,youknowInterstellar...somethinglikethat...Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Shewasattackedbyasmalllion. B.Shedislikeslittlelions.C.Shehasadoptedmanylions. D.Sheisbraverthanothers.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Ihadaveryspecialexperience.IwasinazooandIgotachancetoholdababyliononlyonemontholdandItookapicturewithhim.M:Veryfewladieshavethatkindofnerve,Ithink.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanlikesthewoman’snewjob. B.Themanhopestobeamathteacher.C.Thewomanlikesmathandscience. D.Thewomanistheman’steacher.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Wellactually,I’vebeenthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.IhopesomedayIcanbeamathteacher.W:Oh,thatsoundsinteresting.Youhavebeenstudyingmathandscience,Iknow.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Thecityissoquietinsummer. B.Peoplecomehereforsummerholidays.C.It’stoohottolivehereinsummer. D.Thecity’strafficisterribleinsummer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wow!Whyisitsocrowded?M:It’sprobablyjustpeopletryingtogetanearlystartoutofthecityfortheweekend.Nobodysticksaroundhereinthesummer.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whichisconsideredasabetterwaytoloseweightaccordingtothepassage?A.Lessbreakfastandmoredinner. B.Bigbreakfastandsmalldinner.C.Keepingbloodsugarlevelssteady. D.Savingcaloriesfordinner.12.Howmanyadultswereinvolvedinthestudyin2024?A.16. B.60. C.16,000. D.60,000.13.Whatifapersonalwayslikestoeatalow-caloriebreakfast?A.Hewantstoeatsomethingsweet. B.Hewantstoeatmoreatlunch.C.Hewillsoonloseweight. D.Hewilllosealotofenergy.【答案】11.B12.D13.A【解析】【原文】NowhereisthereportfromtheresearchersatauniversityinGermany.Theysaideatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyouburnmuchmorecaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.Itcouldbethekeytolosingweightwhilealsokeepingbloodsugarlevelssteady,theresearcherssaid.Itwasshowntobetwiceashighforthosewhoatemoreatbreakfastthanatdinner.Ontheotherhand,alow-caloriebreakfastincreasesappetite,especiallyforsweets,theyadmitted.ThefollowingwordsarefromtheinterviewwithDr.Richter,anexpertattheuniversity.Hesaidthefindingspublishedinajournalwerebasedonalaboratoryexperimentof16men.Theyconsumedalowandhighcaloriebreakfastanddinneroneday—andthenviceversaonanother.Theresultsalsoshowedeatingalow-caloriebreakfastcausedsweetdesireswithahigherappetite.Thissuggeststhosesavingalltheircaloriesfortheendofthedaymayfaceconsequencesbecausetheysnackmore.Thisfindingissignificantforallthepeopleasitunderlinesthevalueofeatingenoughatbreakfast.Thestudyaddstoincreasingevidencethatthebestwayoflosingweightistoeatyourlargestmealinthemorning—andyoursmallestintheevening.AsDrRichterindicates,“Eatingmoreatbreakfastinsteadofdinnercouldpreventbeingfatandhighbloodsugar.”Healsorecommendedthatfatpatientsaswellashealthypeopleshouldeatalargebreakfastratherthanalargedinnertoreducebodyweight.A2024studyof60,000adultsfoundthateatingabigbreakfast,mediumlunchandsmalldinnerledtolowerbodymassindexes.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.WalesplanstoholdabigpartyinGermanyin2024.B.MiddleschoolstudentsinWalesarestartingtolearnChinese.C.MorganwantedtosellWalestoGermany.D.TheWelshgovernmentturnedWalesintoadestinationfortourists.15.WhichareaisnotlistedintheWelshGovernment’snewinternationalstrategy?A.Cyber-safety. B.Semi-conductors.C.Creativeindustries. D.Globaleducation.16.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.SpecificmeasurestoperfectWales’sinternationalimage.B.Wales’policiesoneconomicsandeducation.C.Adviceonminoritylanguagedevelopment.D.TheWelshgovernment’srelationwithEU.【答案】14.B15.D16.A【解析】【原文】Mandarin,theofficiallanguageforChina,couldbetaughtinWelshsecondaryschoolsinordertoraiseWales’internationalimage.TheWelshGovernmentwantstoestablishthecountryasavisitordestinationforChinesepeopleaspartofitsnewstrategytoimprovetrade.Itisalsolookingtohavea“WalesinGermany”themedyearin2024,andhaveanincreasedpresenceinEUcountries.InternationalrelationsministerMorgansaidshewantedtosellWalestotheworld.Welshbusinessessoldmorethan17billionpoundsofgoodsabroadin2024andatpresent60%ofthoseexportsgototheEU,withGermanyasthetopdestination.ButafterBritainlefttheEuropeanUnion,ministerswant“toensurethattheEuropeanUnionremainsourstrongestpartner”aswellasdevelopingmarketselsewhere.Itsgoalisa5%increaseinexports.Tomakethathappen,theWelshGovernmenthaslaunchedanewinternationalstrategytofocusonthreeareas—cyber-security,semi-conductors,andcreativeindustries,becauseoftheirglobalrecognitionasareasofexcellence.Initsreport,italsolistedanumberofideas,including:raisingWales’imagebyexploringthefeasibilityofteachingMandarininsecondaryschools;workingwitheducationinstitutionstoincreasethenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginWales;holdinga“WalesinGermany”themedyearin2024;workingwithexistingnetworkstobuildaglobalsocialnetworkof500,000people.MsMorgansaidshewasanxioustochangetheWelshGovernment’srelationshipwiththeUKgovernmenttohelpsellWalesabroad.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WherewasJohnonvacationrecently?A.InBurma. B.InThailand.C.InVietnam. D.InCambodia.18.WhatdidJohnandhiskiddoinChiangMai?A.TheyswamtotheSouthBeach. B.Theyplayedinanamusementpark.C.Theywenttodanceinanightclub. D.Theyrodearoundonelephants.19.WhydidJohnsaytravelingwithkidswasneverawasteoftime?A.Becausehiskidsarenaughty. B.Becausehehadalotoftravelexperience.C.Becausehehadtogetupearly. D.Becausehecoulduseelectronicdevices.20.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenJohnandthewoman?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent.C.Travelagentandcustomer. D.Closecolleagues.【答案】17.B18.D19.C20.D【解析】【原文】A:Hi,John,backtowork?Iwascuriousaboutthetripyou’vetaken.Haveyouevertakenareally,reallywonderfultrip?B:Yeah.I’vebeenonalotofgreattrips,butIdidn’tknowthattripscouldbesogreatuntilIwentwithmykids.A:Really?Itwentwell?B:Ohyeah.Itwentverywell.It’smorefun,Ithink,totakeatripwithkids.A:Wow.Soundsgreat!Wheredidyougo?B:Thailand.MyfirsttripwithakidwaswithmydaughtertoThailand.WewenttorideelephantsgoinghereandthereinChiangMai.A:ButthelasttimemyhusbandandItookthekidstoThailand,wehadalotoftrouble.Didyouworryaboutanything?B:No,becauseofhavingkidswithus.AndIwonderwhatwouldhavebeendifferentifIdidn’thavekids.A:Whatmakesyouthinkthat?B:Youknowyoucanuseyourtimebetterbecausekidsaredefinitelygoingtowakeupearly.Soyoucan’twastethemorning.A:Yousaidyouwenttorideelephants.Withyourdaughter?B:Yes,Iwasnervousaboutitatfirst.Ithought,maybeitwouldbetoodangerous,butwehadverygoodguidestohelpus.Andthetrainerswererighttherewithustogether,fromthestarttotheend.Sotherewasneveranyrisk.A:But,alotofpeopleareagainstridingelephants,doyouknow?B:Yes,sowe’vedecideditwillneverhappenagain.A:Wasthereanywherethatyouwantedtogobutyoudecidednot?B:Maybeanamusementpark,butwhenthekidsareolder,youcan.Andalso,goingouttoadanceclublateatnight.A:Sodoyouhavemorekidsnow?B:Yes.Now,Ihaveadaughterandason.A:Isithardtotravelwithtwokids?B:Oh,it’salittleharderthantravelingwithonekidbutit’snottwiceashard.A:Why?B:Youfindthatlotsofpeoplewanttohelpyou.Soifyouhavetoomanybags,forexample,someonewillhelpyoucarryyourbags.A:Well,itseemsthatyouhadagreattimetravelingwithyourkids.B:Ohyeah.Iwanttogoonmoretripswithmykids,likeBurma,VietnamandCambodia.Ican’twaitforournextvacation.Bytheway,whentraveling,electronicsareamust.A:Thankyou.Nicetalkingwithyou.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThePopularMobileLibraryAroundtheworld,themobilelibraryprojectsarebringingbooksandevenadvicetocommunitieswithseriousandurgentneeds.Everyweek,twomodifiedbluebuses___21___(stock)withchildren’sbookscarefullyrundownthestreetsofKabul.Thesetravellinglibrariesstopoffatschoolsindifferentpartsofthecity,___22___(deliver)awealthofreadingmaterialsdirectlytotheyoungsterswhohavelimitedaccesstobooks.“Alotofschoolsinourcitydon’thaveaccesstosomethingasbasicasalibrary,”saysRim,a27-year-oldOxfordUniversitygraduatewho___23___(inspire)tostartCharm,anon-profitorganization,inherhomecityhavinggrownupwithoutmanybooksherself.“Weweretryingtounderstand___24___wecoulddotopromotecriticalthinkinginourcountry.”Formanypeopleabusortrainjourneypresentsarareopportunitytogetstuckintoabook,andinsomecitiespublictransportisbeingregardedasmeansofgettingbookstocommunitiesthatneed___25___most.Thevehiclewasrebuiltnotonlytospreadthejoyofreading,butalsotoimprovepeople’slife.Comicbookswereleftontrains,busesandundergroundsystemsinthecitiesaroundtheUK___26___(early)thismonthtomark80yearsofMarvelComics.CarriagesonthetwosubwaytrainsinBeijingwereturnedintoaudiobooklibraries,wherepassengerswereabletodownloadbooks.Togivethetrainalibraryfeel,thewallsaredecoratedwithbooks,___27___coverslooklikebookshelves.PeopleintheNetherlandsgettotravelontrainsforfreeduringthecountry’sannualbookweekcelebrations.Passengerscanpresentanovel___28___arailticket.IntheGreekcityofThessaloniki,thetransportministryinstalledminilibrariesatbusstops___29___(allow)passengerstoreadastheywaitforthebus,orborrowandreadontheirjourneytobereturnedatalaterdate.PassengersonNewYork’ssubway_____30_____downloadfreeshortstories,poems,essaysandsoontotheirdevices.【答案】21.stocked22.delivering23.wasinspired24.what25.them26.earlier27.whose28.insteadof/ratherthan29.toallow30.can【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了移動圖書館項目正在為有嚴峻和迫切需求的社區(qū)帶來書籍甚至建議。【21題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：每周，兩輛裝滿兒童書籍的改裝藍色巴士當心翼翼地行駛在喀布爾的街道上。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞，且與主語“buses”是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語修飾主語。故填stocked?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些流淌圖書館會在城市不同地區(qū)的學校停留，干脆為那些沒有多少書的青少年供應(yīng)豐富的閱讀材料。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞，且與主語“Thesetravellinglibraries”之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填delivering?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：27歲的牛津高校畢業(yè)生Rim說，她受到啟發(fā)，在家鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)辦了一個非盈利組織Charm，她自己也沒有許多書。分析句子可知，此處描述的是過去的狀況，應(yīng)用一般過去時，且與主語“Rim”之間是被動關(guān)系，表示“Rim受到啟發(fā)”，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填wasinspired。【24題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：我們試圖了解我們可以做些什么來促進我們國家的批判性思維。分析句子可知，此句為賓語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作do的賓語，表示“我們可以做的事”，應(yīng)用“what”。故填what?！?5題詳解】考查代詞。句意：在一些城市，公共交通被視為把書送到最須要書的社區(qū)的一種方式。分析句子可知，此處表示“最須要書籍的社區(qū)”，指代前文“books”，應(yīng)用代詞“them”作賓語。故填them?！?6題詳解】考查比較級。句意：本月早些時候，英國各地城市的火車、公共汽車和地鐵上都留下了漫畫書，以紀念驚異漫畫誕生80周年。分析句子可知，此處表示“本月早些時候”，應(yīng)用“early”的比較級形式。故填earlier?！?7題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：為了給火車一種圖書館感覺，墻上裝飾著書，書的封面看起來像書架。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非限制性定語從句，在從句中作定語，表示“書的封面看起來像書架”先行詞books作covers的定語，所以關(guān)系詞為whose。故填whose。【28題詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：乘客可以出示一本小說而不是火車票。分析句子可知，此處連接兩個并列的名詞，表示“代替，而不是”，應(yīng)用介詞短語“insteadof”或者“ratherthan”。故填insteadof/ratherthan?！?9題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：在希臘城市塞薩洛尼基，交通部在公交車站安裝了迷你圖書館，讓乘客在候車時閱讀，或在旅途中借閱，以便日后返回。分析句子可知，此處表示在公交車站安裝了迷你圖書館的目的，應(yīng)用動詞不定式表目的。故填toallow?！?0題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：乘坐紐約地鐵的乘客可以在他們的設(shè)備上免費下載短篇小說、詩歌、散文等。分析句子可知，此處表示“能夠，可以”，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞can。故填can。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.householdB.comparedC.purchasesD.obviouslyE.displayF.refrigerateG.terribleH.involvedI.transportJ.solutionK.accuratelyFoodWasteintheNetherlandsUneatenbread,yellowedvegetables,overcookedriceornoodlesareallthrownawaybytheDutch,whichisaproblemintheNetherlands.In2010,eachpersontherethrewawayabout48kilogramsoffoodperyear,___31___with41kilogramsin2024,aslightimprovement.AfoodindustryexpertsaystheproblemintheNetherlandsisthateverydayfoodissocheapthatpeople___32___havenoidea.Butdon’tforgetthatafamilythrowsaway50Eurosworthoffoodeverymonth,thatis,600Eurosayear,andthataddsuptoalotofmoney,doesn’tit?Heoffersanumberoftipsonhowtodealwith___33___foodwaste.Forexample,takeyourshoppinglisttothesupermarketsoyoucancutdownunnecessaryfood____34____.Asfarascookingisconcerned,doasmuchasyoucaneat.“Soifyou’remeasuringforfourpeople,don’ttakeitforgranted,butuseameasuringcuptomeasureit___35___,”hesaid.“Wewastealotofriceandcookedpasta.Turntherefrigeratorto4degreesinsteadof6or7degrees.Soyoucankeepthefoodlonger.Ifyouhavealotleft-overafterdinner,youcan___36___itandjustputitinthemicrowaveonedayaweek.It’seasyanditsavesmoney.”Inrecentyears,theNetherlandshastakenmanymeasurestodealwithfoodwaste.Forexample,sinceitslaunchinJanuary2024,ithasusedanAPPcalledTooGoodtoGo,whichallowshotels,supermarketsandbakeriesto___37___howmuchfoodtheyhavelefteachday,andnearbyconsumerscanusetheAPPtofindoutwheretheycanpayasmallamountofmoneyfortheleftoverfood.TheGrand,afive-starhotelinAmsterdam,isalso___38___.“Inthepast,wethrewoutallthecheese,sandwiches,meatandotherproductsfromthebreakfastbuffet(自助餐),anditwasa___39___waste,”saidastaffmember,“Nowwedon’twastesomuch,sothisapplicationisreallyagood____40____.”TheideafortheAPPcamefromDenmark,andtheapplicationisnowupandrunninginninecountries.【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.C35.K36.F37.E38.H39.G40.J【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章主要講解并描述了荷蘭的食物奢侈問題以及荷蘭應(yīng)對此問題而實行的措施。在荷蘭，由于食物較為便宜以致于人們對食物奢侈問題意識淺薄，但卻是一個很嚴峻問題。一位飲食行業(yè)的專家提出了一些建議，比如購物時帶著購物清單，做飯時進行精準測量，調(diào)低冰箱冷藏溫度，剛好將剩余食物冷藏等；同時荷蘭推行了一款名為“TooGoodtoGo”的應(yīng)用程序可以讓酒店、超市和面包店顯示他們每天還剩多少食物，旁邊的消費者可以運用該應(yīng)用程序找到他們可以在哪里支付較少的錢購買剩余食物。這些都可以幫助解決食物奢侈問題?！?1題詳解】考查動詞和非謂語。句意：2010年，那里的每個人每年扔掉大約48公斤食物，而2024年是41公斤，這是一個稍微的改善。結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)是將2010年的狀況與2024年的狀況進行了對比，從而得出結(jié)論：很小的進步。選項B“compared”動詞，意為“比較”，可構(gòu)成固定短語“comparewith”，意為“與……相比較”，符合句意；分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，邏輯主語48kilogramsoffoodperyear和compare之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查副詞。句意：一位食品德業(yè)專家說，荷蘭的問題是日常食品太便宜了，人們明顯對此一竅不通。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是副詞作狀語。結(jié)合前文“everydayfoodissocheap”可知，日常食物都很便宜以致于人們很簡單造成“食物奢侈”這一問題，而對此，人們明顯沒有意識到。選項D“obviously”，副詞，意為“明顯；明顯地”，符合語境表達。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他就如何處理家庭食物奢侈提出了一些建議。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是形容詞作定語，修飾空后名詞“foodwaste”，結(jié)合前文“Uneatenbread,yellowedvegetables,overcookedriceornoodlesareallthrownawaybytheDutch,whichisaproblemintheNetherlands.(沒吃的面包、發(fā)黃的蔬菜、煮過的米飯或面條都被荷蘭人扔掉，這在荷蘭是一個問題。)”可知，本句所指的食物奢侈應(yīng)是來自于日常家庭生活。選項A“household”，形容詞，意為“家庭的；日常的”，符合語境。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：例如，帶著你的購物清單去超市，這樣你就可以削減不必要的食品購買。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是名詞。結(jié)合前文“takeyourshoppinglisttothesupermarket”可知，帶著購物清單去超市購買食物應(yīng)是可以避開購買不須要的食物。選項C“purchases”，名詞，意為“購買”，符合語境和句意搭配。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：她說：“所以，假如你要做四個人的量，不要想當然，要用量杯精確測量?！狈治隹芍羁諔?yīng)是副詞，修飾動詞measure。結(jié)合前文“useameasuringcup”可知，要運用量杯是為了確?！熬_性”，以避開烹飪過程中食物的奢侈。選項K“accurately”，副詞，意為“精確地；精確地”，符合語境和句意搭配。故選K項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。句意：假如你晚飯后還有許多剩菜，你可以把它冷藏起來，然后這一周的某一天放進微波爐加熱。分析可知，空前有情態(tài)動詞“can”，所填空應(yīng)是動詞原形。結(jié)合前文條件狀語從句“Ifyouhavealotleftoverafterdinner”可知，假如晚飯后有許多剩余，為避開食物奢侈，應(yīng)是將其冷藏。選項F“refrigerate”，動詞，意為“冷藏；冷凍”，符合語境和句意要求。故選F項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞。句意：例如，自2024年1月推出以來，荷蘭已經(jīng)運用一個應(yīng)用程序稱為“TooGoodtoGo”，它允許酒店、超市和面包店來顯示他們每一天剩多少食物，旁邊的消費者可以運用應(yīng)用程序來找出他們在哪兒可以支付少量的錢買剩下的食物?？涨啊皌o”為不定式符號可知，所填空應(yīng)是動詞原形。結(jié)合后文“nearbyconsumerscanusetheAPPtofindoutwheretheycanpayasmallamountofmoneyfortheleftoverfood(旁邊的消費者可以運用該應(yīng)用程序來查找他們可以在哪里支付少量的錢來購買剩余食物)”可知，旅館，超市以及烘焙店須要先將剩余食物在APP軟件上展示出來才能供顧客進行查看。選項E“display”，動詞，意為“展覽；展示”，符合語境和句意要求。故選E項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。句意：阿姆斯特丹的一家五星級酒店Grand也參與其中。結(jié)合句意可知，該飯店也在APP上進行剩余食物展示以便消費者選擇，即參與其中，選項H“involved”，為動詞“involve”的過去分詞形式，意為“包含”，beinvolved“參與”，符合語境和句意要求。故選H項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：一名工作人員表示：“過去，我們?nèi)拥袅俗灾绮椭腥康哪汤?、三明治、肉類和其他產(chǎn)品，這是一種可怕的奢侈。”分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是形容詞作定語修飾空后名詞“waste”，結(jié)合前文“Inthepast,wethrewoutallthecheese,sandwiches,meatandotherproductsfromthebreakfastbuffet(在過去，我們會扔掉全部的奶酪、三明治、肉類和其他自助早餐產(chǎn)品)”可知，在過去的食物奢侈是很嚴峻的。選項G“terrible”，形容詞，意為“嚴峻的；糟糕的”，符合語境和句意要求。故選G項。【40題詳解】考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在我們不會奢侈太多，所以這個應(yīng)用程序是一個很好的解決方案。分析可知，“agood___10__”結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)是“不定冠詞+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此所填空應(yīng)是名詞。結(jié)合主語“thisapplication”可知，這個APP應(yīng)是前文提及的TooGoodtoGo，這位職員認為這款A(yù)PP是可以解決食物奢侈問題的一種措施。選項J“solution”，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，意為“措施”，符合語境和句意要求。故選J項。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.AFemaleConstructionTeamWonthe2024PritzkerArchitecturePrizeAfamousinternationalclubconsistsofonlythreemembers.That’sthenumberofwomenarchitectswhohavewonthePritzkerArchitecturePrizesinceitsbirthin1979.Today,thatclubwill___41___twomore:YvonneFarrellandShelleyMcNamara,foundersoftheIrishstudioGraftonArchitects.Theyareknownforproducingexcellentbuildingsofbrickandconcretethat___42___surprisinglightandairwithin.“Withoutgrand___43___,theyhavemanagedtocreatemonumentalbuildings,”readsthestatementissuedbythePritzkerjury,“butevensotheyarezonedand___44___insuchawayastoproducemorespacesthatcreatecommunitywithin.”“Tobeanarchitectisanenormoushonor,”saidFarrellinastatement.“Towinthisprizeisagreat___45___ofourbeliefinarchitecture.”Withtheirvictory,theyjoinedtheDesignEliteasthe47thand48thPritzkerArchitecturePrize.Theyhavealsojoinedthe___46___ofthemoreelegantwomenwhohavewonthePritzkerArchitecturePrize,includingthelateIraqiBritisharchitectZahaHadid___47___KazuyoSejimaoftheJapanesefirmSANAAandCarmePigemofRCRArquitectes,astudiofromSpain.FarrellandMcNamaraare,asthejudgespointout,pioneersinafieldthathas___48___beenandstillisamale-dominatedprofession.Forthearchitects,thePritzkermarksahistoric,trans-Atlantic___49___.LastmonththeywereawardedtheRoyalGoldMedalinarchitecturebytheRoyalInstituteofBritishArchitects.InthehistoryofthePritzkerArchitecturePrize,theyarethefourthandfifthfemalearchitectstoreceivetherespected___50___andthefirstallfemaleteamtodoso.Bothawards___51___animportantmomentforwomeninarchitecture,buttheyarealsoatthetopoftheirprofessionforarchitects.Inafieldknownforitswell-knownmen,theyarea___52___low-keycombination.Thoughlarge___53___,thebuildingtheydesignedofferssmallcornersandcourtyardsforgardens,andshelteredplacestobealone,enjoyingthecityscape.Moveinclose,andyou’llgetanexcitingsightofflyingpassagewaysandleapingstaircases.Thearchitects’abilityto___54___qualitywithmorehumanspaces,aswellastheirattentiontocontext,wasnotedbythePritzkerjudgesintheirstatement.Thedialoguestheycreatebetweenbuildingsandsurroundings___55___anewappreciationofboththeirworksandplace.41.A.conduct B.admit C.permit D.attract42.A.harbor B.absorb C.introduce D.engage43.A.materials B.gestures C.conditions D.events44.A.detailed B.interested C.motivated D.involved45.A.satisfaction B.comfort C.support D.challenge46.A.levels B.posts C.positions D.ranks47.A.exceptfor B.aswellas C.dueto D.otherthan48.A.extensively B.socially C.traditionally D.individually49.A.sweep B.jump C.flight D.improvement50.A.praise B.compliment C.regard D.award51.A.mark B.refer C.suppose D.show52.A.decidedly B.terribly C.gradually D.legally53.A.innature B.inshape C.inscale D.inforce54.A.exchange B.compare C.equip D.combine55.A.explore B.demonstrate C.evaluate D.cultivate【答案】41.B42.A43.B44.A45.C46.D47.B48.C49.A50.D51.A52.A53.C54.D55.B【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。主要說明白一個女性施工隊贏得了2024年普利茲克建筑獎，文章介紹了普利茲克評委會對她們的評價以及普利茲克建筑獎的一些背景學問?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，該俱樂部將接納另外兩名成員：YvonneFarrell和ShelleyMcNamara，他們是愛爾蘭格拉夫頓建筑事務(wù)所的創(chuàng)始人。A.conduct實施；B.admit接納，承認；C.permit允許；D.attract吸引。依據(jù)后文“twomore:YvonneFarrellandShelleyMcNamara”可知指接納另外兩名成員，應(yīng)用動詞admit。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們以建立精彩的磚和混凝土建筑而著名，這些建筑內(nèi)隱藏著令人驚異的光線和氛圍。A.harbor庇護，蘊含；B.absorb汲取；C.introduce介紹；D.engage從事。結(jié)合后文“surprisinglightandairwithin”可知指“建筑內(nèi)蘊含”應(yīng)用動詞harbor。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：普利茲克獎評審團發(fā)表聲明中寫道:“雖然沒有雄偉的姿態(tài)，但他們勝利地創(chuàng)建了具有紀念意義的建筑，但即便如此，他們還是被劃分和細化，以產(chǎn)生更多的空間，創(chuàng)建內(nèi)部的社區(qū)?！盇.materials材料；B.gestures姿態(tài)；C.conditions條件；D.events事務(wù)。依據(jù)后文“theyhavemanagedtocreatemonumentalbuildings”可推知指雖然沒有雄偉的姿態(tài)，但他們勝利地創(chuàng)建了具有紀念意義的建筑。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：普利茲克獎評審團發(fā)表的聲明中寫道:“雖然沒有華麗的姿態(tài)，但他們勝利地創(chuàng)建了具有紀念意義的建筑，但即便如此，他們還是被劃分和細化，以產(chǎn)生更多的空間，創(chuàng)建內(nèi)部的社區(qū)。”A.detailed具體；B.interested感好玩；C.motivated激發(fā)；D.involved涉及。依據(jù)上文“theyarezonedand”可知這些建議被劃分和細化了。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“贏得這個獎項是對我們建筑信念的極大支持?！盇.satisfaction滿足；B.comfort勸慰；C.support支持；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)前后文語境“Towinthisprizeisagreat…ofourbeliefinarchitecture.”可知此處指贏得這個獎項是對我們建筑信念的極大支持，應(yīng)用support。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們也加入了獲得普利茲克建筑獎的優(yōu)雅女性的行列，包括已故的伊拉克英國建筑師ZahaHadid、日本公司SANAA的KazuyoSejima，以及西班牙工作室RCRArquitectes的CarmePigem。A.levels水平；B.posts帖子；C.positions位置；D.ranks行列，級別。結(jié)合后文“ofthemoreelegantwomenwhohavewonthePritzkerArchitecturePrize”可知此處指加入獲得普利茲克建筑獎的優(yōu)雅女性的行列。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：她們也加入了獲得普利茲克建筑獎的優(yōu)雅女性的行列，包括已故的伊拉克英國建筑師ZahaHadid、日本公司SANAA的KazuyoSejima，以及西班牙工作室RCRArquitectes的CarmePigem。A.exceptfor除了；B.aswellas也；C.dueto因為；D.otherthan除了。依據(jù)前后文“includingthelateIraqiBritisharchitectZahaHadid…KazuyoSejimaoftheJapanesefirmSANAAandCarmePigemofRCRArquitectes,astudiofromSpain.”可知表示“行列包括已故的伊拉克英國建筑師ZahaHadid、日本公司SANAA的KazuyoSejima，以及西班牙工作室RCRArquitectes的CarmePigem?！睉?yīng)用aswellas。故選B。【48題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：正如評委們所指出的那樣，F(xiàn)arrell和McNamara是這個傳統(tǒng)上始終是男性主導的行業(yè)的先驅(qū)。A.extensively廣泛地；B.socially在社會上；C.traditionally傳統(tǒng)上；D.individually個別地。依據(jù)后文“beenandstillisamale-dominatedprofession”可知指Farrell和McNamara是這個傳統(tǒng)上始終是男性主導的行業(yè)的先驅(qū)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析