Unit+1+People+of+achievement++Learning+about+Language 高二英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

LearningaboutLanguage

Aims：Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.findoutthedifferencesinformandfunctionsbetweenrestrictiverelativeclausesandnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.2.introduceagreatpersonusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.3.expresstheirownideasandopinionsusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Leadingin1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamehetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.(restrictive,describethekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested)TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutNobelPrize)TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutHainan)Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients)1.Didyoucometoanyconclusions?你得出結(jié)論了嗎?【詞匯精講】conclusionn.結(jié)論;推論Yourinformationisinaccurateandyourconclusionisthereforewrong.你的信息不準(zhǔn)確,所以你的結(jié)論是錯(cuò)誤的?！驹~匯拓展】Idrew

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conclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.我從我自己的經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論:患難見真情。Theeveningconcluded

withdinnerandspeeches.這個(gè)夜晚在宴會(huì)和講話中結(jié)束了。Canhumanbeingsliveonthemoon?It’stooearlytodraw

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conclusion.人類是否能在月球上生存?現(xiàn)在下結(jié)論還為時(shí)過早。Cholera-choleric(adj.)=bad-temperedcholeraepidemic霍亂蔓延Severe=serious=fearful=stricte.g.abusinesswithseverecashflowproblems.一個(gè)有嚴(yán)重現(xiàn)金流轉(zhuǎn)問題的企業(yè)TheUNwantstosendfoodaidto10countriesinAfricaseverelyaffectedbythedrought.acampaigntotrytochangethelawtopunishdangerousdriversmoreseverelyThisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.3.frustrated-frustrate(v.)-frustration(n.)-frustrating(adj.)-frustratedly(adv.)Wordsexplanation1.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.這種疾病會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重腹瀉、脫水甚至死亡。severeadj.①Hisinjuriesaresevere.他的傷很重。該黨在上次選舉中遭到慘敗。extremelybadorserious極為惡劣的；十分嚴(yán)重的②Thepartysufferedseverelossesduringthelastelection.ReviewthestoryofhowartemisininwasdiscoveredTuYouyou'steamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltextsandevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.TheyfoundamedicaltextSuggestingusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.TheytestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectTheytestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectTheyusedalowertemperaturetodrawoutthesweetwormwoodextract.Theytestedthemedicineonthemselvestoseeifsafe.TheytestedthemedicineonmalariapatientsThemedicinebecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.DiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，whom引導(dǎo)的從句只是補(bǔ)充說明這些病人治療后的效果，所以“mostofwhomrecovered”不起限制作用。其中，先行詞為malariapatients，關(guān)系代詞whom在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。單元語(yǔ)法非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有：關(guān)系代詞which，who，whom，whose，as；關(guān)系副詞when，where等Water,whichisaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.水是一種清澈的液體，有許多用途。HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.他將把野餐推遲到5月1日，那時(shí)他將有空?！緦W(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】關(guān)系詞在從句中所作成分的比較：主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞√√√√

X關(guān)系副詞XXXX√Theboy,whosefatherisanengineer,studiesveryhard.這個(gè)男孩，他的爸爸是一位工程師，學(xué)習(xí)很努力。OncemoreIaminBoston,whereIhavenotbeenforyears.我再次來到波士頓，我多年沒來了。

Heisabsorbedinwork,asheoftenwas.他正在全神貫注地工作，他過去經(jīng)常這樣。Wewenttothecarnivallastnight,wherepeopleworecolorfulcostumesandmarchedalongthestreet.我們昨晚去了狂歡節(jié)，人們穿著五顏六色的服裝沿街游行。單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Tomwasalwayslateforschool,

madehisteacherannoyed.(2)OurgraduationwillbeheldinJuly，

we’llsaygoodbyetoourteachers.(3)I’veinvitedJim，

livesinthenextflat.(4)ThisacademicpaperwaswritteninLatin,

languageIdidnotunderstand.(5)Tobywasleftonanisland，

hestayedforaslongasthreemonths.(6)HeseemsnottohaveunderstoodwhatImean，

greatlyupsetsme.whichwhenwhowhosewherewhich2as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,?？煽醋鞴潭ńY(jié)構(gòu)：knowntoall眾所周知oftenthecase情況常常如此asissaidabove如上所述reported正如報(bào)道的那樣mentioned正如所提及的那樣Heforgottobringhispenwithhim,aswasoftenthecase.他忘了帶筆，這是常事。Asiswidelyknown,themoonisclosertousthanthesun.眾所周知，月球比太陽(yáng)離我們近。Asweallknow,thisisthebestsolutiontothisproblem.眾所周知，這是解決這個(gè)問題的最好辦法。Ashasbeenpointedout,weshouldmakeaplanaheadofschedule.正如已經(jīng)指出的，我們應(yīng)該提前制訂計(jì)劃。

allknow眾所周知asweexpected正如我們預(yù)料的

pointedout正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣ashasbeensaidbefore正如之前所說1.ThisisthemanthatImetyesterday.ThisisMike,whousedtobemyclassmate.2.Hesaidnothingthatmadeherangry.Hesaidnothing,whichmadeherangry.3.Hesaidnothing,thatmadeherangry.Thereason,whyhewasabsent,wasn'tgiven.試比較1、2中前后形式&句意上區(qū)別,which指代?并判斷3中句子正誤一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)whichforwhich從句區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.形式上①_____逗號(hào)和主句隔開②______逗號(hào)和主句隔開2.意義上是對(duì)先行詞的修飾限定，③_____刪去是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，刪去后意思④__________3.譯法上翻譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ)，⑤“________”通常翻譯成主句的⑥_________4.關(guān)系詞⑦_(dá)________關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞⑧關(guān)系代詞不用_______關(guān)系副詞不用________不用用不能仍完整…的并列句所有的thatwhyas位置：可置于主句前、中、后。先行詞：通常為整個(gè)主句含義：“正如，如同”which位置：置于主句之后

先行詞：主句中的一個(gè)詞、

主句的部分內(nèi)容、

甚至整個(gè)主句含義：“這，那（件事）”2.as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定從的區(qū)別：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)例：DaviswantedtovisitDrYuan’snewfarm,wheretheseawaterricewasgrown.從句和主句用逗號(hào)隔開。形式意義從句與先行詞的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)修飾詞作進(jìn)一步說明，去掉之后并不影響整句意思。

【語(yǔ)法主題應(yīng)用】使用本單元所學(xué)的定語(yǔ)從句翻譯下面的語(yǔ)段。我有一個(gè)同學(xué)叫Kate,她的媽媽是我以前的英語(yǔ)老師。Kate是一個(gè)容易相處的女孩,我們都喜歡她。Kate在這次英語(yǔ)演講競(jìng)賽中獲得了第一名,這使得她媽媽很高興。新年就要到了,到時(shí)Kate會(huì)和她媽媽一起去香港。眾所周知,香港是一個(gè)購(gòu)物天堂,Kate打算在那里買她需要的東西。

IhaveaclassmatecalledKate,whosemotherismyformerEnglishteacher.Kateisagirlwhoiseasytogetalongwithandwealllikeher.Katewonthefirstplaceinthespeechcontest,whichmadehermotherveryhappy.TheNewYeariscoming,whenKatewillgotoHongKongtogetherwithhermother.Asweallknow,HongKongisashoppingparadise,whereKateintendstobuywhatsheneeds.

Workingroups1.Iwouldliketotravelaround...,…2.Whatimpressedmemost...3.Myfavouritescientistis...IwouldliketotravelaroundSichuanProvince,whereJiuzhaigoulocates.Whatimpressedmemostaboutthefilmwastheending,whichwasquitemoving.MyfavouritescientistisNikolaTesla,whowasquitebrilliantbutalsohadsomecrazyideas.4.Finallywearrivedat…5.Mygrandparentslike...6.Iwishtoobtain…Finallywearrivedatthezoo,whichwasclosedforrepairs.Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,whichisgoodfortheirhealth.Iwishtoobtainadrivinglicence,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttodriveacar.While-classSteps1findtherepeatingpart;2replaceitwithasuitablerelative(關(guān)系詞)3replacethestop(.)withacomma(,)Practice——Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Q1:Readtheexample,Canyousummarizethestepstorewritethesentences?Example:ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.

Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,

whodiscoveredpenicillin.While-classPractice——Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Q2:Trytorewritethefollowingsentencesusingthesteps.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.____________________________________________________________________2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.________________________________________________