主語從句練習(xí)

主語從句一、概述：在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。根據(jù)它們在句中的語法作用，這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。二.主語從句主要有三類：（1）由連詞that引導(dǎo)的主語從句：引導(dǎo)詞that無含義,在句中不做成分,不能夠省。例如：Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.你想獲得獎牌看起來是不可能的。Thatyouaresoindifferentbothersme.你如此冷淡使我很煩惱。Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.她在事故中幸免于難簡直是奇跡。（2）用連詞whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句:whether有含義（是否），在句中不做成分,不能夠省。例如：Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.她來不來都無關(guān)緊要。（3）用連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句（在由連接代詞who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever弓|導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中，其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用，擔(dān)當(dāng)一定成分）.例如：Whatyouneedismorepractice.你所需要的是更多的訓(xùn)練。WhatIwanttoknowisthis.我想知道的就是這事。Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.我們無論做什么都是為人民服務(wù)。（4）用連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句（其連接副詞有含義,在句中作狀語。）eg:Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.他們什么時候來還不知道。三.注意點:1.it做形式主語,而將主語從句放在句末（尤其是當(dāng)謂語較短時）。例如：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.光沿直線傳播，這是眾所周知的事。=Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.眾所周知光沿直線傳播。Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.飛機(jī)何時起飛還沒有宣布。=Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.還沒有宣布飛機(jī)何時起飛。（當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示“…的東西”時，一般不用it作形式主語。）錯：Itisabookwhathewants.對:Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是本書。例如：Hasitbeensettledwhowillbesenttocarryoutthetask誰將被派去執(zhí)行這項任務(wù)決定了嗎？固定用法和譯法Itis+名詞+從句Itisafactthat…事實是 Itisgoodnewsthat………是好消息Itisaquestionthat………是個問題Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常識類似的名詞還有：apity；awonder；agoodthing；nowonder；surprise等。例如：Itisamysterytomehowitallhappened.這個切是怎么發(fā)生的是個謎。Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.鯨魚不是魚，這是常識。ItisnosurprisethatBobshouldhavewonthegame.鮑勃會贏得這場比賽，這不足為奇。Itis+形容詞+從句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisclearthat…很清楚……Itislikelythat…很可能……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……類似的形容詞還有：strange;natural;obvious;true;good;wonderful;possible;unlikely;quite;unusual;certain;evident;worth-while;surprising;interesting;astonishing,etc.例如：Itisobviousthatconductorsandinsulatorsarebothimportantinindustry.很明顯導(dǎo)體和絕緣體在工業(yè)中都很重要。Itisdoubtfulwhethershewillbeabletocome.她是否能來令人懷疑。Itwasreallyastonishingthatherefusedtotalktoyou.他拒絕和你說話真是令人驚訝。Itisessentialthatheshouldbeherebytheweekend.周末之前，他應(yīng)該到這里是必要的。Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.很明顯我們不能這樣下去了。Itis+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat…據(jù)說……Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道……Ithasbeenprovedthat…已證明……Itmustbeprovedthat…必須指出 類似的過去分詞還有：known;estimated;expected;believed;thought;hoped;noted;discussed;required;decided;suggested;demanded;madeclear;foundout,etc.例如：Itisthoughtthatheisthebestplayer.大家都認(rèn)為他是最好的選手。Itisestimatedthatthevaseis2000yearsold.據(jù)估計這個花瓶有2000年的歷史。Itisusedtobethoughtthatanewstarmustbeduetoacollisionbetweentwostars.過去一直認(rèn)為新星是由于兩顆星星之間碰撞產(chǎn)生的。Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadistobeopenedtotraffic.還沒弄清楚這條路將開始通車。ItdoesnotmatterifImissedmytrain,becausethereisanotherlater.沒有趕上這趟火車沒有關(guān)系，稍晚還有一趟。IthappenedthatIsawhimyesterday.碰巧我昨天看見他了。當(dāng)“及物動詞+賓語”較短時，也可用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：ItshockedmethatPeterdidnottellanybodywherehewas.讓我吃驚的是彼得沒有告訴任何人他在哪里。Itdoesnotinterestmewhetheryougoornot.我對你去不去不感興趣。2.只用whether不用if引導(dǎo)主語從句.選擇題1. causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.What B.That C.HowD.Where2.ItworriedMaryalot sheentranceexamination.wouldpassthecollegeA.whether B.if C.thatD.how3.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn'tlike itusedtobe.A.what B.how C.thatD.which4. wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan wehave.A.What;whatC.That;that D.That;whatB.What;that5. we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.Where C.ThatD.Whether6. hedoesn't likethemisveryclear.A.What B.That C.WhichD.Where7. peoplewilljoinusisnotveryimportant.A.Howmuch B.That C.Howmany D.Many8.- weshallmeetnexttimehasnotbeendecidedyet.A.WhetherandthatB.WhenandwhatC.WhenandwhereD.Whereandif _istruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek.A.That B.It C.This D.He10. _thecompanywillbuyheramobilephonehasnotbeendecided.A.Whether B.If C.That D.What12.she willbe given thejobis stillunderdiscussion.A. Whether B. That C.If D.What.mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which.worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It.parentssayanddohasalifelongeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.Ashecouldn'tunderstandwas ,asateacherofChinese,hewasaskedtoteachhistory.A.What；thatB.What；whatC.What；whichD.Why；how17.isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which18.Pleaserememberwinsyourrespectisnotyourbackgroundbutyourknowledgeandvirtues.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where9.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether.youngpeopleseeandhearinthemediahelpsthemtofigureouthowtheworldworks.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.How.—Marylooksdowntoday.Whatisup?—Well ,happenedbetweenMaryandmeisnoneofyourbusiness.A.whereverB.whoeverC.whateverD.nomatterwhattmakeshislifequitedifferenthehasreceivededucationabroad.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.howI.選擇題： asmuchasone-fifthofalltimberharvestedisnotused.A.Theestimate B.TheestimateC.Theyareestimated D.Itisestimatedthat somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown.A.Which B.Since C.AlthoughD.How wehaveachievedisattributedtotheguidanceofourparents.A.Whoever B.Whatever C.HoweverD.That wealthydoesnotnecessarilymeanthatamanisgreedy.A.Forthereasonthatheis B.JustbecauseheisC.Thereasonofbeing D.ThatheisAlthough happenedinthisdevelopedcountrysoundslikesciencefiction,itcouldoccurelsewhereintheworld.A.which B.what C.howD.it shehadforgottentotakehernotebook.A.Thatoccurredtoher B.SheoccurredthatToherthatoccurred D. Itoccurredtoherthat7.Iamsurethat shesaidiswrong.A.which B.all C.thiswhatWelostourwayintheforest,and mademattersworsewasthatitwasgettingdark.A.that B.which C.itD.what ornotisstilluncertain.A.He’scoming B.IfheiscomingC.Thatcoming D.Whetherhe’scoming11.It’she’llbeabletocome.A.doubtwhetherB.doubtfulC.doubtitD.doubtfulwhether12. heisatworkintheheartathomeinthequietsuburb,Dick’shines.ofthebigcityorlifeistiedtomacA.Whether B.Till C.If