2022-2023學(xué)年貴州省貴陽(yáng)市第二十一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年貴州省貴陽(yáng)市第二十一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Newsshockedtheworld

aRussianjetcarryingmembersofalocalhockeyteamcrashed.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.where參考答案：C略2.—Howcomeasimplemeallikethiscostssomuch?—Wehave____inyourbillthecostofthecupyoubrokejustnow.A.added

B.included

C.contained

D.charged參考答案：B3.WeChinesehaveadream--__________dreamtoturnawell-offlifeinto__________realityby2020.

A.a;a B.the;the C.a;/ D.the;/參考答案：C略4.Withsomanythings_______,wehaven’tdecidedonthefinalplanyet.

A.considered

B.havingconsidered

C.toconsider

D.considering參考答案：C5.Theboys______thenewspaperonthegroundandbegantoreadthenewsandarticlesinit.

A.extended

B.expanded

C.spread

D.stretched

參考答案：C6.Alicefoundherself

inthewoodswhenrunningafterarabbit.A.lose B.tolose C.lost D.havinglost參考答案：C略7.Teachingis____________everybodycando;itrequirespatienceaswellasprofessionaltraining.A.something

B.anything

C.everything

D.nothing參考答案：A8.Therisinghousepriceandthehighincometaxratehavebecomethebiggest______oftheordinarypeopleinChinatoday．

A.concern

B.influence

C.fantasy

D.occupation參考答案：A9.Thingswillonly_____ifweallkeeptotheplan.A.workout

B.pickout

C.gothrough

D.comeup參考答案：A10.Afterhiscompanysufferedfrommillionsofdollarsinlosses，Joeandleftthecompany.A.killedthefattedcalf

B.wasintheblackC.sawthehandwritingonthewall

D.wasovercloudnine參考答案：C【詳解】考查句意理解。句意：他的公司遭受了數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的損失之后，Joe看到墻上的字跡，離開(kāi)了公司。結(jié)合句意可知答案為C。11.—IsWilliamseriouslyill?—_________.Hewasrushedtohospitallastnight.

A.I'mafraidso

B.I'mafraidnot

C.Ihopeso

D.Iguessnot參考答案：A12.—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMariaupset?

—________theEnglishexam.

A.Failing

B.Asshefailed

C.Failed

D.Becauseoffailing參考答案：A13.People'sDailypublishedaseriesofarticlesdiscussing"howtochangethesystemofincomedistribution",whichpeopleregardedasa_____thecentralauthoritieswerebeginningtotaketheproblemseriously.A.signal B.symbol C.mark D.sign參考答案：D14.Itisnotuntilwehavedevelopedthebetterqualitiesinourselves______wecanexpecttofindtheminothers.A.when

B.where

C.that

D.whether參考答案：C考查連詞。句意：直到我們自己養(yǎng)成了良好的素質(zhì)，我們才可以期望在別人身上找到它們（良好的素質(zhì)）。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其它成分。當(dāng)去掉itis/was和that/who時(shí)，句子成分齊全。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。故選C。15.SinceIdon’tlikesurfingtheInternet,shallIgotothelibraryinstead_______

theinformationweneed?A.toget

B.ofgetting

C.oftoget

D.getting參考答案：A29.Neverbefore________seenagirlwhocanswimasfastasYeShiwen.

A.hadwe

B.wehad

C.havewe

D.wehave參考答案：C略17.Theeditor-in-chiefaskedmetowriteanotherarticleforthem,_______abouthowtopreventbirdflu.

A.that

B.one

C.it

D.what參考答案：B二、新的題型18.Awomanwasonherwaytotheairport___41___(hurry).Shewassoabsorbedinherownthoughtsthatshewasnotawareshewasgoingonadifferentroute.Suddenly,amanwentinsidethecabandtookherhandbagwheresheplacedhervisa,passportandallhermoneyfor___42___trip.Shekeptonthinkinghowunluckyshewastobeinthatsituation.Thatverysamenight,sheheardapieceof___43___(shock)news.Flight230crashed!___44___wastheplanethatshewassupposedtoboardinto.Ifshe___45___(lose)herpreciousbelongings,shecouldhavelostsomethingfar___46___

(important)—herlife!Sometimesbadthingsreallyhappen.Wefailinourexams,___47___getrejectedbyothers.Therearetimes___48___nothingseemstogoourway.Sowhatdowedoaboutit?Wemusttakeallthese___49___(frustrate)outofourchestandstartalloveragainwiththeconsistentfaiththatwewillgetwhatwedeserve.Ifyoufailedintheexams,maybeyou’dbemoresuccessfulandmuchhappierinanotherfield.Ifyouwererejectedbyyourfriend,thereareplentyofothersouttherewhoaremuchmoredeservingofyourloveandaffection.Don’twasteyourtimeandenergyonthingsthatcan’t___50___bechanger.參考答案：41.hurriedly

42.the

43.shocking

44.It

45.hadnotlost/hadn’tlost

46.moreimportant

47.or

48.when

49.frustrations

50.can’t作者通過(guò)一個(gè)婦女因禍得福的故事，告訴我們應(yīng)該怎樣對(duì)待生活中的各種挫折。41.hurriedly考查副詞。此處修飾onherwaytotheairport指匆忙去機(jī)場(chǎng)的路上，用副詞修飾。故填hurriedly.42.the考查冠詞。此處表示特指這次旅行要花費(fèi)的錢(qián)，特指用the.故填the.43.shocking考查形容詞。此處修飾指物的名詞news用形容詞，指令人震驚的消息，故填shocking.44.It考查代詞。此處指代Flight230是單數(shù)，用it，故填I(lǐng)t45.hadnotlost/hadn’tlost46.moreimportant考查形容詞比較級(jí)。此處由表程度的far修飾用比較級(jí)，指遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)更重要。故填moreimportant.47.or考查連詞。下文列舉一些不好的事，考試失敗或者被別人拒絕。表示“或者”，故填or.48.when考查關(guān)系副詞。先行詞是times指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，指在那些時(shí)候似乎什么都沒(méi)有。故填關(guān)系副詞when.49.frustrations考查名詞。此處由allthese修飾用名詞，指所有的這些挫折，故填名詞復(fù)數(shù)frustrations.50.can’t考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。和動(dòng)詞原形be連用,表示不能改變的,用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can’t表示不能，故填can’t三、閱讀理解19.By2050,acompletelynewtypeofhumanevolveasaresultofextremelynewtechnology,behavior,andnaturalselection.ThisisaccordingtoCadellLast,aresearcherattheGlobalBrainInstitute,whoclaimsmankindisundergoingamajor“evolutionarytransition”.Inlessthanfourdecades,Mr.Lastclaimswewilllivelonger,havechildreninoldageandrelyonartificialintelligencetodoordinaryandboringtasks.Thisshiftissosignificant,heclaims,itiscomparabletothechangefrommonkeystoapes,andapestohumans.“Your80or100isgoingtobesoradicallydifferentthanyourgrandparents,”Mr.Lastsays,whobelieveswewillspendmuchofourtimelivinginvirtualreality.Someevolutionaryscientistsbelievethisagecouldbeashighas120by2050.Mr.Lastclaimshumanswillalsodemonstratedelayedsexualmaturation,accordingtoareportbyChristinaSterbenzinBusinessInsider.Thisreferstosomethingknownaslifehistorytheorywhichattemptstoexplainhownaturalselectionshapeskeyeventsinacreature’slife,suchasreproduction.Itsuggeststhatasbrainsizesincrease,organismsneedmoreenergyandtimetoreachtheirfullpotential,andsoreproduceless.Insteadoflivingfastanddyingyounger,Mr.Lastbelieveshumanswillliveslowanddieold.“Globalsocietyatthemomentisacompletemess,”hetoldMailOnline.“Butincrisisthereisopportunity,andinapocalypse(啟示)therecanbetransformation.SoIthinkthenextsystemhumanitycreateswillbefarmoresophisticated,fair,andabundantthanourcurrentcivilization.”“Ithinkournextsystemwillbeasdifferentfromthemodernworld,asourcontemporaryworldisfromthemedieval(中世紀(jì)的)world.Thebiologicalclockisn'tgoingtobearoundforever,”headded,andsaidthatpeoplecouldpauseitforsometimeusingfuturetechnology.Thechangeisalreadyhappening.Today,theaverageageatwhichawomaninBritainhasherfirstbabyhasbeenrisingsteadilystandsat29.8.IntheUS,justonepercentoffirstchildrenwereborntowomenovertheageof35in1970.By2012,thatfigureroseto15percent.“Ascountriesbecomesocio-economicallyadvanced,moreandmorepeople,especiallywomenhavetheoptiontoengageinculturalreproduction,”Mr.Lastadded.Andaswellashavingmorechild-freeyearstoenjoyleisuretime,hebelievesartificialintelligencewillmakeuptheneedforlow-skilljobs.Wemayalsospendalargeamountoftimelivinginvirtualreality.“I’mnotquitesuremostpeoplehavereallyabsorbedtheimplicationsofthispossibility,”Mr.Lastsaid.Hisviewsaredetailedinapaper,titled“HumanEvolution,LifeHistoryTheory,andtheEndofBiologicalReproduction"publishedCurrentAgingScience.

63.AccordingtoCadellLast,acompletelynewtypeofhumanwillappearbecauseof_____.①artificialintelligence②newtechnology③naturalselection④mundanetasks⑤behaviorA.②③⑤

B.①②③

C.③④⑤

D.①②⑤64.WhichstatementiscomparedbyMr.Lasttothechangefrommonkeystoapes,andapestohumans?A.Wehavediseasesanddieyoung.B.Wegivebirthtoachildwhenweareyoung.C.Wespendlesstimeinvirtualreality.D.Weuseintelligentrobotstodoeverydayhousework.65.Theunderlinedwordsinthethirdparagraphmostprobablymean“_____”.A.Organismsneedmoreenergyandtimetoripen.

B.Naturalselectionshapeskeyevents.C.Reproduction.

D.Reproduceless.66.InthenextsystemMr.Lastexplainedwecaninferthat_____.A.womenareengagedincareersorhobbiesinsteadofgivingbirthtobabiesB.womenareengagedinplayingcomputergamesratherthanworkingC.womenareengagedinculturalreproductioninplaceofmenD.womenareengagedinlivinginvirtualrealitywithoutoptions參考答案：63.A

64.D

65.A

66.A【文章解讀】這是篇科技預(yù)言閱讀。文章主要展望了2050年，那時(shí)人類(lèi)將能活到120歲，也將進(jìn)化出新人類(lèi)。拉斯特預(yù)言人工智能將得到廣泛應(yīng)用，取代低技術(shù)工作。另一方面，人類(lèi)必須努力適應(yīng)不斷進(jìn)步的科學(xué)技術(shù)，隨之而來(lái)的壓力也持續(xù)抬高生兒育女的成本。63.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞CadellLast找到文章對(duì)應(yīng)段落是第一段，其中的By2050,acompletelynewtypeofhumanevolveasaresultofextremelynewtechnology,behavior,andnaturalselection判斷是②③⑤，故選A。64.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞changefrommonkeystoapes找到文章對(duì)應(yīng)段落是第一段，其中的Inlessthanfourdecades,Mr.Lastclaimswewilllivelonger,havechildreninoldageandrelyonartificialintelligencetodoord