高考英語復(fù)習(xí)-Unit-22-Environmental-Protection-選修市賽課公開課一等

1/58先熟讀背誦——精彩句型爛熟于心主體段落慣用句型錘煉：祈使句＋and/or(else)/otherwise＋陳說句1.Followyourdoctor’sadvice,andyouwillgetbettersoon.

接收醫(yī)生提議，你很快就會好。2.Hurryup,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillbelate.

快點，不然你會遲到。3.Itisreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,andthebabywillfallintothewell.

真危險。再多邁一步，這個小孩就會掉進井里。2/584.Workharder,andyouwillsucceedinyourstudies.

假如你愈加努力學(xué)習(xí)，在學(xué)習(xí)上你就會成功。5.Studyhard,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillfailinyourexams.

假如你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，考試會不及格。6.Payyourattentiontowhattheteacherssayinclass,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillleaveoutsomeimportantpoints.

上課時要注意老師說過話，不然你會遺漏一些關(guān)鍵點。3/58后臨摹仿寫——妙語佳句信手拈來1.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會被理想大學(xué)錄用。

2.抓住機會吧，

不然你會遺憾。

3.叫你怎么做就怎么做，

不然你會有麻煩。

Studyhard，andyou’llbeadmittedtotheidealcollege.Takethechance,or/orelse/otherwiseyouwillregretit.Doasyou’retold,or/orelse/otherwiseyou’llbeintrouble.4/58Ⅰ.重點單詞—識記·聯(lián)想·利用[會書寫]一、關(guān)鍵單詞1.____________vt.&vi.

犧牲；獻出2.____________vt.主張，提倡3.____________vt.使困住4.____________prep.超出5.____________adj.相關(guān)sacrificeadvocatetrapbeyondrelevant5/586.____________vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸境地；宣判7.____________vt.回收利用8.____________n.代替品，代用具9.____________vt.依法沒收；(用武力)奪取10.____________n.方式，方法；伎倆condemnrecyclesubstituteseizemeans6/58二、閱讀單詞1.principlen.________________2.coincidencen.________________3.potentialn.________________4.ecologyn.________________5.botanicaladj.________________6.corruptadj.____________________7.conservationn.________________8.consensusn.________________標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，道德準(zhǔn)則巧合可能性，潛在性生態(tài)植物貪污受賄，腐敗保護一致意見7/589.catastrophen.________________10.negativeadj.________________11.fragileadj.________________12.evolutionn.________________巨大災(zāi)難消極，負(fù)面易毀；脆弱(生物)進化8/58三、拓展單詞1.________vt.采??；收養(yǎng)→________n.收養(yǎng)；采取2.__________n.預(yù)訂；保留；保護；疑惑→________n.保護區(qū)vt.保留；預(yù)訂→________adj.預(yù)訂，保留3.__________n.農(nóng)業(yè)→___________adj.農(nóng)業(yè)4.________vt.威脅→________n.威脅5.___________adj.多變→________n.&v.改變6.__________n.分離，分開→________v.分離，分開

adj.分開7._________vt.建造→____________n.建造8.________n.資金→________adj.財政；金融adoptadoptionreservationreservereservedagricultureagriculturalthreatenthreatchangeablechangeseparationseparateconstructconstructionfinancefinancial9/589.________vt.分配，配給→_________n.分配，配給10.________n.政治(活動)→________adj.政治→________n.政治家11.________vt.削尖→________adj.尖銳→__________n.卷筆刀12.__________adj.想得周到，體貼→_____________n.考慮；思索→_________vt.思索，考慮；認(rèn)為→__________prep.考慮到；鑒于13.________vt.計算，算出→__________n.計算→__________n.計算器allocateallocationpoliticspoliticalpoliticiansharpensharpsharpenerconsiderateconsiderationconsiderconsideringcalculatecalculationcalculator10/58[會積累]1.聚焦sub-開頭單詞①substituten.

代替品②subconsciousadj.下意識③subheadingn.小標(biāo)題④subjectiveadj.主觀⑤submitv.提交；呈遞⑥subscribev.定時訂購11/582.“相同詞”小結(jié)①principlen.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)→principaln.校長②tissuen.組織→issuen.問題；發(fā)行③affectvt.影響→effectn.影響④dessertn.甜點→desertv.舍棄⑤borrowv.借→sorrown.悲痛⑥wanderv.漫步→wonderv.想知道⑦fellown.家伙→followv.跟隨12/583.“環(huán)境”相關(guān)詞全掃描①conservationn.保護②reserven.保護區(qū)③atmospheren.大氣層④speciesn.物種⑤resourcen.資源⑥r(nóng)ecyclev.回收利用⑦habitatn.棲息地⑧ecologyn.生態(tài)13/584.各大“產(chǎn)業(yè)”名詞個個清①agriculture農(nóng)業(yè)②industry工業(yè)③business商業(yè)④forestry林業(yè)⑤fishing漁業(yè)⑥plantingindustry種植業(yè)14/585.盤點含-en后綴高頻動詞①sharpen(使)尖銳②weaken變?nèi)酡踫trengthen加強④lengthen延長⑤widen(使)變寬⑥shorten使縮短15/58[會應(yīng)用]用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.HecametoChinainordertolearnChinese___________(agriculture)skills.2.Theschoolsmust________(adoption)newmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.3.Hefindsitreallyunbelievablethattheycannotdiscuss________during________scienceslessonsathisuniversity.(political)4.____________hisyoungage，itisquite____________ofhimto________otherpeoplebeforemakingdecisions.(consider)5.Itisnotsafetoletthechild________hispencilusingthesharp____________.(sharp)6.Theworldis___________，andeverythingis__________.(change)agriculturaladoptpoliticspoliticalConsideringconsiderateconsidersharpensharpenerchangeablechanging16/587.Afteralong_________，theybothliveda________lifeandintheendthey________peacefully.(separate)8.Ifnecessary，studentsareallowedto__________thevolume(容積)ofthecontainerusinga__________，whichwillmakethe__________simpler.(calculate)9.Alargesumhasbeen__________forbuyingnewbooksforthelibrary.The_________isofgreatimportancetoourschoollibrary’sconstruction.(allocate)10.Anewbridgeisbeing__________overtheriverandits___________willbefinishednextyear.(construct)separationseparateseparatedcalculatecalculatorcalculationallocatedallocationconstructedconstruction17/58Ⅱ.關(guān)鍵短語—識記·聯(lián)想·利用[會書寫]1.________________

依次；反過來2.________________引發(fā)，造成3.________________展望未來，向前看4.________________采取行動5.________________在……前面6.________________代表……7.________________掠去，奪走8.________________總來說inturnleadtolookaheadtakeactionaheadofonsb’sbehalfcarryoffallinall18/589.apartfrom________________10.answerfor___________________________11.callforanendtosth________________12.earnone’sliving________________13.asamatteroffact________________14.breakawayfrom____________________________________15.anumberof________________16.beyondone’scontrol_______________________________除……以外(對已產(chǎn)生不良后果)負(fù)責(zé)任要求結(jié)束……謀生實際上擺脫；脫離(團體、組織、某種思想體系)一些超出……控制，不受……控制19/58[會積累]1.“負(fù)責(zé)”短語全接觸①answerfor②beresponsiblefor③beresponsibleto④in(the)chargeof20/582.“許多，大量”詞匯小聚①修飾可數(shù)名詞：anumberof，afew，manya②修飾不可數(shù)名詞：much，agreatdealof，agoodamountof，largeamountsof③既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞：lotsof，plentyof，alargequantityof，largequantitiesof21/58[會應(yīng)用]選取上表左欄短語填空1.Youhaveto____________anddealwithproblemsastheyarise.2.Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths，andthis____________affectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.3.People________________thewarinthisarea，andtheywantedtolivepeacefully.4.Iwasencouragedto________________oldformsandrules.5.____________studentswereabsentfromthemeetingforvariousreasons.6.Whenwedesignthisplan，weshould____________intothefuture.7.Itwashiscarelessnessthat____________hisfailureintheexam.8.____________，everyroadleadstoRome，butIdobelievehardworkpaysoff.takeactioninturncalledforanendtobreakawayfromAnumberoflookaheadledtoAllinall22/58Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式—分析·背誦·仿寫句型公式1：含蓄條件句虛擬[教材原句]

Withoutthesenaturallyoccurringgases，thesun’srayswouldbouncebackintospaceleavingtheEarthcoldandimpossibletoliveon.假如沒有這些自然產(chǎn)生氣體，太陽光將會被反射回太空中去，使地球處于嚴(yán)寒之中，不適合生命存在。[句型仿寫]

_________________yourhelp，I_______________________________.沒有你幫助，我是不可能經(jīng)過考試。Withoutwouldn’thavepassedthetest23/58句型公式2：given用作介詞，表示“鑒于；考慮到；倘若”[教材原句]

Giventhisdata，itseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鑒于這些數(shù)據(jù)，好像人類活動與正在升高地球溫度之間聯(lián)絡(luò)并不但僅只是巧合而已。[句型仿寫]

________________thatshelikeschildren，itseemsthatteachingistherightjobforher.考慮到她喜歡孩子，教書看起來是很適合她工作。Given24/58句型公式3：擬人修辭手法[教材原句]

Thelastfewyearshaveseenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale，andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.近幾年一些環(huán)境災(zāi)難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn)，教授們預(yù)測更壞局面即未降臨。[句型仿寫]

_________________________________therapiddevelopmentofChina.過去30年見證了中國快速發(fā)展。Thelast30yearshavewitnessed/seen25/58Ⅳ.語篇填空—回顧·補全·熱誦閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞正確形式。ItisreportedthatEarth’sclimateisbeingchangedandhumanbeingswillface1.________(globe)warming.Globalwarmingrefersto2.________averageincreaseintheEarth’stemperature3.__________，inturn，leadstoclimatechange.Theglobalaveragetemperature4.____________(increase)by1℉overthelast100yearsbecauseofhumanactivities.Ifthesituation5.________(continue)，wearecondemninglifeonEarthandshouldfaceterribleclimatechanges，seriousdiseasesandbadeffects6.________someindustriesaswellasthe7.________(rise)sealevels.Sohowcanwestopthesedisastersfrom8.___________(happen)?Governmentsallovertheworldhavearesponsibilitytoreducetheamountofcarbondioxide9.________(produce)bytheircountries.Everyonecanplayhis10._________bymakingsmallchangesinhisdailylife.globalanthat/whichhasincreasedcontinuesonrisinghappeningproducedpart/role26/58Ⅴ.語篇改錯—回顧·修正·熱誦文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅包括一個單詞增加、刪除或修改。Inthelastdecade，alotofenvironmentaldisastershavebecomeincreasingcommon.Therehasbeenterriblefloodingallovertheworld.ReducingrainfallhasaffectedlargeareasofAfricaforyear.AvolcaniceruptionnearlywipesoutMontserratinthe1997andtherehavebeenseriouslyearthquakesinmanypartsofAsia，Europeandsoon.Thereforewhyisnaturebeginningtoturnonus?Itwastherapidlyincreasingpeoplewhocrowdintocitiesandconstructshabbyhomeswhicheasilyfallsdown.Volcanoesandearthquakesareevendangerousthaninthepastasaroundhalftheworld’spopulationnowlivesinthecities.27/58答案28/5829/58[核

心

詞

匯]1.trapvt.使困??；誘捕；誘騙；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉機[一詞多義]寫出以下句中trap詞性和含義①Someminersweretrappedundergroundafterthecollapse.____________②Gracelosthertailasababywhenshegotcaughtupinafishtrap.____________③Theonlythingthewolfcoulddowasclimbinguptothegroundfromthetrap.____________④It’snolongerpossibletotrapasensiblemanintomarriage.____________vt.使困住n.打魚器n.陷阱vt.誘騙30/58⑤Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.____________(1)trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人陷入(做)某事圈套be/gettrappedin被困在……中(2)fallintothetrapofdoingsth落入……圈套set/layatrapfor為……設(shè)圈套

⑥Iwastrappedinto____________(admit)Ihaddonewrong.我被誘騙認(rèn)可我做錯了事。[名師指津]

表示“被困于……中”短語還有：①be/getlockedin

②be/getcaughtin③be/getstuckinn.圈套admitting31/582.reservevi.貯備；保留；保留；預(yù)訂n.保護區(qū)；貯備(1)reservesthforsb/sth為某人/某物保留、預(yù)定……(2)naturereserve自然保護區(qū)inreserve貯存；備用(3)reservationn.保留；預(yù)訂(房間、座位等)makeareservation預(yù)訂(座位、房間等)32/58①—Haveyoureservedatable___________________usinadvance，Mary?—Oh，IforgottotellyouIhavemadea___________________foryou.Youwillhavea____________tablewheneveryougetthere.(reserve)——你提前給我們預(yù)訂好桌了嗎，瑪麗？——哦，我忘了告訴你們了，我已經(jīng)給你預(yù)訂好桌了。不論你們什么時候去那兒，都會有給你們預(yù)留好桌。②Itisadvisabletokeepsomefood____________incaseofemergency.貯備一些食物以應(yīng)急需是明智。forreservationreservedinreserve33/583.advocatevt.主張，提倡n.提倡者，擁護者(1)advocate(doing)sth提倡/擁護/支持(做)某事advocatethat...主張……[從句謂語動詞用(should＋)動詞原形](2)beanadvocateof/for……提倡者/擁護者①Manyexpertsadvocate____________(reduce)theamountofchildren’shomeworkandalsoadvocatethatchildren________________(give)morefreetime.許多教授主張降低孩子作業(yè)量，提倡給孩子更多自由時間。②Shehasalwaysbeen____________advocateof/forchangestoEnglishspelling.她一直是英語拼寫改變提倡者。[名師指津]

advocate后不跟不定式，跟從句時，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“(should＋)do”。reducing(should)begivenan34/584.substitutevt.&vi.(用……)替換；取代n.代替品，代用具(1)substituteAforB＝substituteBwith/byA用A代替/取代Bsubstitutefor代替，取代(2)asubstitutefor...……替換者①Sheisseekingasubstitute____________________theverymanwhosedeparturemadehercry.那個男人離去令她難過痛哭，她正想找一個人填補內(nèi)心空缺。for35/58②Wesubstitutetheredballs________________________theblueones，toseeifthebabywouldnotice.→Wesubstitutetheblueballs________________________theredones，toseeifthebabywouldnotice.我們用紅色球代替藍色球看是否能夠引發(fā)寶寶注意。[名師指津]

表示“代替，替換”常見短語還有：replaceBwith/byA“用A替換B”；exchangeAforB“用A替換/兌換B”forwith/by36/585.threatenvt.威脅，恐嚇(1)threatensbwith...用……威脅某人threatentodosth威脅要做某事threatenthat...威脅……(2)threatn.威脅，恐嚇athreattosb/sth對某人或某事威脅①Hetiedherupandthreatenedher___________________________asix-inchknife.他把她捆起來，拿著一把六英寸長刀子威脅她。with37/58②Davidthreatened________________(report)hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.大衛(wèi)威脅說假如不賠償損失，他將向警署告發(fā)他鄰居。③Chinaisapeace-lovingcountry，andwehaveneverbeenathreat____________theworld.中國是一個興趣和平國家，我們從來不會成為世界威脅。toreportto38/586.meansn.方式，方法；伎倆bymeansof借助……伎倆byallmeans能夠，當(dāng)然行；盡一切方法，務(wù)必bynomeans決不，一點也不(置于句首，其后倒裝)bythismeans用這種方法①Asisknowntousall，YeShiwensucceeded________________hardworking.眾所周知，葉詩文依靠刻苦訓(xùn)練而取得成功。②Only________________possibletopersuadehim.只有用這種方法才能說服他。③Bynomeans____________________beseparatedfrompractice.學(xué)校教學(xué)決不能脫離實踐。bymeansofbythismeansisitcanteachinginschool39/58[名師指津]

means“方法、方式、伎倆”，其單復(fù)數(shù)同形，當(dāng)means作主語且有every，each等表示單數(shù)意義詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；有some，several，many，few等表示復(fù)數(shù)意義詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。④Everypossiblemeans_____________________________(try)，butnoneworked.→Allpossiblemeans________________________________(try)，butnoneworked.各種可能方法都嘗試了，但沒有一個奏效。hasbeentriedhavebeentried40/587.adoptvt.采取，采納；收養(yǎng)(1)adoptone’ssuggestion采納某人提議theadoptedson養(yǎng)子(2)adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；采?、貯ftermuchconsideration，wealldecidedto_______________________________.經(jīng)過再三考慮之后，我們決定采納我同桌提議。②Wearguedherintothe________________________(adopt)oftheplan.我們說服她采納這項計劃。adoptmydeskmate’ssuggestionadoption41/58[名師指津]

adopt與adapt兩詞詞形相近，但意思不一樣，adapt意為“適應(yīng)；改編，改寫”。③Theboythey________lastyear____________thelifeheresoon.They________anewwaytoeducatehim.Hebecameagoodstudent.Thisisnot____________abookbutatruestory.他們?nèi)ツ晔震B(yǎng)男孩很快適應(yīng)了這里生活，他們采取了一個新教育方式教育他，他成了一個好學(xué)生。這件事不是改編自一本書，而是一個真實故事。adoptedadaptedtoadoptedadaptedfrom42/588.leadto引發(fā)，造成，造成(后果)；通向leadsbto...率領(lǐng)……通往，引導(dǎo)某人去……leadsbtodosth使得某人做某事leada...life過著……生活

①GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarth’stemperaturethat，inturn，______________________.(教材原句)地球變暖指是地球平均溫度升高，繼而造成氣候改變。②Iwanttoknowwhatitwasthatledyou________________(take)upactingasacareer.我想知道是什么讓你開始從事演藝事業(yè)。leadstoclimatechangetotake43/58③Ironically，thismayleadto________________________(do)moreinsteadofless.含有諷刺意味是，這可能會造成做更多而不是更少事情。[一言串記]

Heledtheway，andledustoavillageinTibet，wherewefoundthelocalpeopleleadingahappylife.他帶路，把我們領(lǐng)到了西藏一個小村莊。在那里，我們發(fā)覺當(dāng)?shù)厝诉^著幸福生活。[名師指津]

(1)leadto中to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。(2)表示“引發(fā)，造成”詞匯還有：①cause

②resultin

③bringabout

④contributetodoing44/589.apartfrom除……之外(都)；除……之外(還有)apartfrom＝except/exceptfor除了……之外(都)apartfrom＝besides/aswellas/inadditionto除……之外(還有)①____________thefewfoundinzoos，pandasliveonlyinthecentralbambooforestsofmainlandChina.(教材原句)除了少數(shù)幾只大熊貓在動物園里能夠看到，它們只生活在中國內(nèi)地中心竹園里。②Wehadnotroubleonthejourneyapartfrom____________(lose)somemoney.除了丟了一些錢外，我們旅途中沒有出岔子。Apartfromlosing45/5810.allinall總而言之；總來說aboveall最主要是；首先atall(慣用于否定句和條件從句中以加強語氣)根本；全然；不論怎樣；一點兒inall總共afterall畢竟；終究；到底①Tobegreat，youmustbesmart，confident，and，________________，honest.要想偉大，你必須聰明、有信心，最主要是要老實。②Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem____________________.你為何那么著急？那畢竟不是你問題。aboveallafterall46/58[一言串記]

Youshouldnothavescoldedtheboyatall.Heisachildafterall.Aboveall，hemadeonlytwomistakesinall.你根本不該責(zé)備那個男孩。他畢竟還是一個孩子。最主要是，他總共才出了兩處錯。47/58[重

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型]1.Given__this__data，itseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鑒于這些數(shù)據(jù)，好像人類活動與正在升高地球溫度之間聯(lián)絡(luò)并不但僅只是巧合而已。(1)本句中g(shù)iven為介詞，意為“考慮到，鑒于”，表示原因；還能夠表示假設(shè)，意為“倘若，假定”。①________________(give)theirinexperience，they’vedoneagoodjob.考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗，這個工作他們已干得很不錯了。②_____________________，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.倘若對這些樹多加照料，它們會長得更加好。GivenGivenmoreattention48/58(2)表示“考慮到……”時，given后還可接that從句，that有時可省略。③________________________，we’dbetterputoffthemeeting.考慮到你生病了，我們最好推遲會議。(3)given還可作形容詞，意為“要求，特定”。④Theyweretomeetata________________(give)timeandplace.他們定了個特定時間和地點見面。Given(that)youaresickgiven49/582.The__last__few__years__have__seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale，andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.近幾年一些環(huán)境災(zāi)難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn)，教授們預(yù)測更壞局面即未降臨。(1)句中thelastfewyears作主語，see作謂語，意為“經(jīng)歷；目睹”，這種擬人修辭手法表示既簡練又生動。①TheNationalDayof________________(witness)somanytrafficjamsontheexpressway.年國慶節(jié)見證了高速路上大量擁堵事件。witnessed50/58(2)擬人修辭手法把事物人格化，使原來不具備人動作和感情一些動、植物變得像人一樣能說能笑。英語中使用擬人修辭手法句子，主語通常是表示時間、地點或心愛之物，如車、船等名詞；謂語動詞常為see，witness，find等。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian’anmen________________manygreathistoricevents.天安門前這兩只石獅目睹了許多重大歷史事件。③Marchfoundmeworkinginasmallconstructionalfirm.年3月，我在一家小型建筑企業(yè)工作。saw/witnessed51/58[當(dāng)

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標(biāo)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Astupidmousewas________(使困住)atthecornerofthelivingroomlastnight.2.They__________(主張)thatweshouldestablishaday-carecenter.3.Werecommendthisbrandasagood________(代替品).4.Formostpeople，thecarisstilltheirmain________(方式)oftransport.5.Theterroristsare____________(威脅)toblowupthebuildingifwedon’tmeettheirdemands.trappedadvocatedsubstitutemeansthreatening52/586.Adoubleroomwithabalconyoverlookingtheseahadbeen________(預(yù)留)forhim.7.The________(收養(yǎng))childhastherighttoseehisbirthcertificate.8.Thejudge___________(宣判)thekillertospendallhislifeinprison.reservedadoptedcondemned53/58Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Theoldcomputerdoesn’two