2018-2019學(xué)年廣東深圳高中三年級(jí)年級(jí)期末聯(lián)考質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試

./XX省2018-2019高三年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)卷第I卷第二部分閱讀理解〔共20小題；每小題2分,滿分40分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分〕閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D中,選出最佳答案,并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AVolunteerataChimpanzeeSanctuary<避難所>inCameroon,AfricaVolunteeropportunitiesavailablefor2018!Sanaga-YongChimpanzee<黑猩猩>Rescueneedshelpfromhighlymotivated,maturevolunteerswhoarecommittedtotheconservationofgreatapesandarewillingtoliveinachallengingenvironmenttohelpsaveanendangeredspecies.Thisincrediblyrewarding,life-enrichingexperienceprovidestheuniqueopportunitytoliveinAfrica,learnfromourhighlyskilledstaffandcareforourresidentchimpanzees.Youwillhelpwithday-to-dayoperations,includingworkingwithFrench-speakingstaff,helpingwithconstructionprojects,purchasingsupplies,painting,maintainingequipmentandhelpingthecaregiving-staffwiththecareandfeedingofourchimpanzees?Pleasenotedirecthands-oncontactwithchimpanzeesislimited.Qualificationsorlengthofstaymaybenegotiatedforapplicantswithprofessionalveterinary<獸醫(yī)>ormedicaltraining.CostDetailsVolunteerspayfortheirround-tripairfare,andvisa,etc.Thesanctuaryprovidesfoodandaccommodationatthesite.Mealsarevegetarianonly.SkillsNeeded/ExperienceTherequirementsforthisopportunityareaminimum6-monthstay,25yearsofageorolder,physicalstamina<耐力>andgoodoverallhealth,andfluencyin-FrenchorEnglishPreferredexperienceincludeslivinginadevelopingcountryand/orexperienceworkingwithgreatapes.DetailedLocationInformationSanaga-YongChimpanzeeRescueislocatedontheedgeoftheforest,approximately15milesfromthenearestsmalltownofBelabo.VolunteerstravelbytrainorbusfromthecapitalcityofYaoundetothesanctuary<arrangedbySYCRstaff>.TheareaiscurrentlyfreeoftheEbolavirusINTERESTEDINVOLUNTEERING?ContactUniversalgiving1.WhatwillvolunteershelpstaffdoinSanaga-YongChimpanzeeRescue?A.BathemoneysB.DesigntheprojectsC.TraingreatD.Feedchimpanzees2.Whowillbepreferredwhenapplyingforvoluntarypositions?A.VetsB.EngineersC.FirefightersD.Teachers3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Volunteerscaneatroastedmuttoneveryotherweek.B.Thesanctuarypaysforvolunteers'round-tripflighttickets.C.Applicantsmusthaveexperienceworkingwithapes.D.Teenagersarediscouragedfromthesepositions.BWhilefamousathletes,likeSimoneBilesandMcKaylaMaroney,makeitlookeasy,gymnasticsisoneofthehardestsportsontheplanetbothphysicallyandmentally.Itis,therefore,notsurprisingtohearthatmostgymnastsretireintheirlateteensorearly20,s.Butdon'ttellthattoOksanaChusovitina.Thegymnast,whohasbeenbeforecamerassincewinningherfirstmajorcompetitionatage13,isstill-goingstrongattheripe"old"ageof43.OnAugust23,2018,Chusovitinamadeheadlinesagain,thistimeforwinningamedalatthe2018AsianGamesheldinIndonesia.What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatthegymnast,whosharedthepodium<領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)臺(tái)>withwomenyoungerthanher19-year-oldsonAlisherKurpanov,missedthegoldbyone-tenthofapoint.Overthelast30years,thefamousathletehaswonatotalof32medals,including2Olympicand11worldchampionshipmedals.SheisnotonlytheoldestfemaleOlympicgymnast,butalsotheonlygymnastevertocompeteinsevenOlympicGames.ChusovitinaisoneofonlytwofemalegymnaststocompeteattheOlympicsunderthreedifferentnationalteams:theSovietUnion,Germany/whereshemovedforafewyearstogethersontreatmentforleukemia--andhernativeUzbekistan.Notsurprisingly,theamazingathletehasnoplanstoretireyet!Whenaskedbyareporterifthe2018AsianGameswouldbeherfinaltournament,Chusovitinainstantlyresponded,"No!IwanttogotoTokyo.Ifshequalifiesforthe2020OlympicsinTokyo,Japan-andwehavelittledoubtshewill--Chusovitina,whowillbe45,willbecometheoldestOlympicgymnastin100years.Shewill,however,notbetheoldestathleteevertocompeteattheGames.ThathonorbelongstoOscarSwahnofSweden,whowas72yearsoldwhenhecompetedatthe1920Olympicsinthesportofshooting.4.whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.OksanaChusovitinaBecameTheOldestAthleteInHistoryB.OksanaChusovitinaMadeHeadlinesAt2018AsianGamesC.OksanaChusovitinaCompetedInSevenOlympicGamesD.GymnastOksanaChusovitinaProvesAgeIsJustANumber5WhatachievementdidChusovitinamakeatthe2018AsianGames?A.hewonagoldmedalB.ShebrokeaworldrecordC.Sheearnedasilvermedal.D.ShesetanAsianrecord6.ChusovitinacompetedattheOlympicsonbehalfofGermanyinordertoA.havehersicksontreatedinGermany.B.attractmuchmoreattention.C.becomeaGermancitizen.D.experiencedifferentcultures7.Whatisthewriter,'sattitudetowardChusovitina'squalifyingforthe2020Olympics?A.CautiousB.ConfidentC.NegativeD.DoubtfulCIndifferentcultures,differentanimalsarerespectedandevenworshipped<AFF>.InHinduism,forexample,cowsarevaluedfortheirgentlenatureInAncientEgypt,however,crocodileswereworshippedtobelivingrepresentationsofthegodSobek.Youmaybesurprisedtolearnthattheworshipofcrocodilesisfarfromancienthistory.Inthe15thcentury,whileinaseriousdrought,theMossiwereledtoanundiscoveredpondbythecrocodiles.ThisnotonlyallowedheMossitosurvive,butalsoledtothefoundingofBazoule.Becausethevillagersowedtheirsurvivaltothecrocodiles,theynowcareforandlivesidebysidewiththem,havingfuneralsandburyingthemafterdeath,astheydofortheirhumancompanions.TheMossialsothrowacelebratoryfestivaleveryyearintheirhonor-KoomLakre.NotonlyarethecrocodilesregardedasprotectorsofBazoule,buttheyarealsoseenasfortune-tellersthatgivebestwishestothem,especiallyduringKoomLakre.Itseemsasthoughtheworshipofthecrocodileshaspaidoff;inover70years,therehasn'tbeenadeathfromacrocodileattack,notevenoneIt'snormalforwomentowashtheirclothesinthewaterandnearby,asisitanormalsightforchildrentoplayaroundthewateraswell.Naturally,thisstrangerelationship,hasattractedalotofattention.Touristshavecrowdedtothevillage,lookingtocatchaglimpseofthisunlikelybondbetweenhumansandreptiles.Visitorshavetheopportunitytopurchaseachicken,whichaguidewillusetoattractthecrocodilesoutofthewater.Youcanposeforpictures,andifyoufeelbraveenough,youcansitonacrocodile'sbacklikethelocalchildren.Thevillagedevelopsontourism,butunfortunately,thevillagefindsitselfthreatenedbyglobalwarming.Lowerannualrainfallmeansthatthepondisatriskofdisappearing.Perhapsthelegendsaretrue,andwhenthishappens,willthecrocodilesleadtheMossitoanewwatersource?8.WhyweretheMossisogratefultowardsthecrocodiles?A.TheyneverdidharmtotheMossi.B.TheyoncehappenedtohelptheMossi.C.TheyhelpedtheMossitoearnmoney.D.TheyledtheMossibacktotheirhomes.9.WhatdoestheauthorintendtosayinParagraph4?A.ThecrocodilescanpickthevillagersoutB.Crocodileattacksdon'talwayscauseadeathC.ThevillagersliveinharmonywiththecrocodilesD.Thecrocodilescanprotectthevillagersfromdanger.10.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillageinthefuture?A.Moreandmoretouristswillcrowdin.B.Thecrocodilesmaymovetoanewplace.C.ThecrocodilesmaygoontohelptheMossi.D.TheMossiwillhavetosearchfordrinkingwater.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthistext?A.CrocodilesandHumansLiveinPeace.B.TheTourismDevelopsinaSmallVillage.C.AHistoryofLivingwithCrocodiles.DCrocodilesProtectHumansinReturn.DTechnologymayhavemadeworkingfromhomeeasierthanever,butaccordingtoanewstudy,employeeswhoworkaloneathomemaynotperformaswellasthoseintheoffice.ResearchersatJohnsHopkinsUniversityintheUSwantedtofindoutwhetherbeingwatchedwhiletakingonataskmadeadifferencetopeople'sperformance.Manypeoplebelievethatbeingunderconstantscrutiny<tl>damagestheircreativitywhileothersliveinfearofgrowingnervousinfrontofanaudienceduringapublicevent.Butthefindingssuggestthatthepressureofothersactuallymakespeopleachievemore.Youmightthinkhavingpeoplewatchyouisn'tgoingtohelp,butitmightactuallymakeyouperformbettersaidleadauthorVikramChib."Anaudiencecanserveasanincentive."Whenpeopleknowtheyarebeingobserved,partsofthebrainlinkedwithsocialanxietyandrewardexciteapartofthebrainthatcontrolsmotorskills<運(yùn)動(dòng)技能>,improvingtheirperformanceatskilledtasks.Inthenewexperiment,DrChibandcolleaguesasked20participants<參與者>toplayavideogame.Theparticipantsperformedthetaskbothinfrontofanaudienceoftwoandwithnooneattaching,andtheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Whilepeoplewerewatching,participantswereanaverageoffivepercentbetteratthevideogame-andasmuchas20percentbetter.Onlytwoparticipantsdidn'tperformbetterinfrontofothers.Butiftheaudiencewasalotbiggerandtherewardswerehigher,theresultscouldhavegonetheotherway."It'sgoodforpeopletobewithsocialanxiety.Butatsomepoint,thesizeoftheaudiencecouldincreasethesizeofone'sanxiety,Dr.Chibexplained."Westillneedtodomoretofindtheanswer."12.Whyaremanypeopleunwillingtobesurroundedbyotherswhileworking?A.It'shardforthemtobeatease.B.Technologyattractstheirattentionmore.C.Theydon'twanttorelyonothers.D.Theyachievemorewhenworkingalone.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword"incentive"inParagraph3?A.Somethingthathelpsyoufeelcalmer.B.Somethingthatcanchangeyourattitude.C.Somethingthatleadstoyourbadperformance.D.Somethingthatencouragesyoutoworkharder.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheparticipantsintheexperiment?A.TheywatchedeachotherplayingavideogameB.Eachofthemplayedavideogameatleasttwice.C.Theyweredividedintotwogroupstoplayagame.D.Mostplayedavideogameinordertoearnrewards.15..Whatcanbelearnedfromtheexperiment?A.Peopleperformbetter/whenworkingtogether.B.Thebiggertheaudience,thebetteroneperforms.C.Thesizeoftheaudiencecaninfluencetheperformance.D.Higherrewardsmakepeopleperformwellasawhole.第二節(jié)<共5小題；每小題2分,滿分10分>根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverhadtroublesleepinginanewplace?Lotsofpeopledo.Andnowresearchersthinktheyknowwhy.Theyfoundthatone-halfofthebrain"remainsmoreawake"thantheotherhalfwhenpeoplearetryingtosleepinanewplace.16.____________,theresearcherssaid.ThesleepfindingswerereportedinCurrentBiologyandbyBrownUniversity.Intheirreport,theresearcher/saidmanypeoplereporttheyhaveahardertimesleepingthefirstnightatahotelorotherplacesoutsidetheirhome.Theycallit,"first-nighteffect."InJapan,asayinggoeslikethat"ifyouchangeyourpillow,youcan'tsleep,"saidYukaSasaki,oneofthereportsauthors.?17.___________allknowaboutit."Theresearchersmeasuredbrainwavesfor35volunteersovertwonightsinalaboratory.18._________Theyfoundduringthefirstnightthelefthemisphere<半球>ofthebrainwasmoreactivethantherightone.Thiswasduringthefirstdeep-sleepperiod,theresearcherssaid.Researchersdidnotkeepmeasuringbrainwavesallnightlong.19._______,orwhetherit"worksinshiftswiththerighthemispherelaterinthenight.Theyalsodonotknowwhytheextrabrainactivity,atleastduringthefirstperiodofdeepsleep,isalwaysonthelefthemisphere.20._____________Itisgoodtoknowthatourbrainis"lookingoutforus",inanewplace.Butitmaynothelpwithsleep.Thatextrabrainactivitymakesitharderforpeopletowellrest.A.People'shealthissodifferent.BThetwonightswereaweekapart.C.Youdon'tsleepverywellinanewplace.D.Forsome,thisresearchmaybecalming.E.Monitoringvolunteersstrictlyisnecessary.F.Probablythebrainkeepspeoplereadyfortroubleinanewplace.G.Sotheydon'tknowifthelefthemispherekeeps"watch"allnight.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用<共兩節(jié),滿分45分>第一節(jié)<共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分>閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)<A、B、C和D>中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。RodneySmithisamanonamission<使命>.Heisgoingona21.___________thatwilltakehimtoeverystateinthenation,mowinglawns<修剪草坪>fortheelderly,22_,andsinglemomsfreeofcharge.Smithwas23.______computerscienceatAlabamaA&MUniversityin2016whenhecameacrossa24._______citizenmowinghislawn.After25._______tohelptheoldmanfinishthework,hislife26._______anewpath.Smithwentonto27._______theRaisingMenLawnCareService<RMLCS>,28._______inHuntsville,Alabama.Theorganizationtrainschildren,teachingthemaboutservingtheircommunitiesandlawnmower29._______duringtheoperation.Akey30.______ofRMLCSisits50-yardchallenge,whichsetsa31.________forchildrennationwidetomow50lawns32._______intheircommunity.Whenakidsignsupforthechallenge,thegroupsendsthemawhiteshirtwiththeRaisingMenlogo.Theparticipants33.______adifferentcoloredshirtafterevery10thlawntheymow."Sincethischallengestartedin2016,12kidshavealready34._______thechallenge,"Smithsaid."Andwe35.______have130kidsworldwidetakingpartinthischallenge.EventheQueenofEnglandtook36._______--onbehalfofHerMajesty,thegovernorofBermuda37._______Smithwithanawardlastyear.Lastyear,Smithwatcheda38._______ofamantravelingtheworldperformingrandomactsof39._______ontheway.Thevideo40._________himtocomeupwiththe50States50Lawnscampaign,forwhichhetraveledtoall50statestomowlawnsforfreeinMay2017.Now,in2018,he'sontheroadagain.21.A.raceB.nightC.voyageD.trip22.A.disabledB.thrilledC.touchedD.delighted23.AcelebratingB.attackingC.studyingD.conveying24.AjuniorB.seniorC.strangeD.special25.A.pretendingB.stoppingC.managingD.failing26.AagreedonB.reliedonC.hungonD.tookon27.A.createB.callC.assistD.design28.A.setB.basedC.buriedD.absorbed29.A.dignityB.equalityC.identityD.safety30.A.figureB.instrumentC.componentD.link31.A.deadlineB.recordC.goalD.limit32.A.forfreeB.atwillConpurposeD.inplace33.A.achieveB.receiveC.purchaseD.spot34.AendedB.visitedC.attemptedDpletely35.A.currentlyB.eventuallyC.properlyD.specially36.A.adviceB.actionC.noticeD.advantage37.A.presentedB.decoratedC.equippedD.packed38.A.showB.programC.videoD.campaign39.A.happinessB.kindnessC.sadnessD.business40.A.persuadedB.inspiredCurgedD.permitted第二節(jié)<共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分>閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式TeachershortagesinAmericahavereallybecomean41_________<increase>problem.Acollectionoffactors-lowteachersalaries,challengingworking42_________<condition>--havebeendrivingmanypeopleoutoftheprofessionanddiscouragingpeople43._________joining.First,thenumberofnewteachersenteringthefieldeveryyearisnotkeepingupwithdemand.Thereare44.____________<simple>notenoughyoungpeopledecidingtheywanttobeteachers.It'sreportedthatthere'sadecreaseownerofalmost240,000professionalsontheirwaytotheclassroomintheyear2014,as45.______________<compare>with2009.Atthesametime,certificate<有合格證的>teachers46.___________<flee>theprofessionnow,manydrivenoutby47.__________poorwagesortoughworkingchallenges.Inthe48.___________<absent>ofareliablesupplyofteachersthroughtraditionalpathways,manydistrictsrelyonshort-termsubstitutes.Butstudieshavefoundthatunder-preparedteachersaremorelikelytoleavetheprofession.Anditisoftenlow-incomeandminoritystudents49.__________aremostaffectedbyshortagesandunder-preparedteachers.Officialdatashowsthatdistrictsservingchildrenofcoloremployabout4timesmoreuncertificatedteachersthandistrictsservingfewstudentsofcolor.It50.___________<believe>thatrecruitingyoungpeopleisavitalpartofalong-termstrategyforaddressingteachershortages.Thereissomuchmorewecandotoincreasethesupply.第三部分寫(xiě)作<共兩節(jié),滿分35分>第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)<共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分>假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉與一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)<∧>,并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線<\>劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤與其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者<從第11處起>不計(jì)分。OurclassinvitedafamousartisttoteachuswhattodrawalotusinChinesepaintingonlastSunday.Themomenttheartistcameintotheclassroom,hegivenusawarmwelcome,whichmadehimhappily.Allofusworebigsmile.First,heshowedussomeskillsofdrawingalotus.Wewatchedhimcarefularoundhim.Theneachofusmadetheattempttodoitbyourselvesunderthecarefulinstructionofhim.Finally,becauseofmyexcellentperform,Iwasawarded"OutstandingYoungArtist".Lookedattheaward,Ifeltveryexcited.Throughthisexperience.weareboth,amazedatChinesepaintings.第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)<滿分25分>假定你是李華,想邀請(qǐng)留學(xué)生Davd一起參加即將在你市舉辦的國(guó)際風(fēng)箏各節(jié)請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)一封電子,內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________XX省2018—2019高三年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)參考答案A本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一則Sanaga-Yong大猩猩避難所招聘志愿者的廣告1。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"helpingthecaregivingstaffwiththecareandfeedingofourchimpanzees"可知志愿者在大猩猩避難所可以協(xié)助避難所員工給大猩猩喂食。2。A推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Qualificationsorlengthofstaymaybenegotiatedforapplicantswithprofessionalveterinaryormedicaltraining"可知有專業(yè)獸醫(yī)或接受過(guò)醫(yī)療訓(xùn)練背景的專業(yè)人士會(huì)更受歡迎3。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Therequirementsforthisopportunityareaminimun6-monthstay,25yearsofageorolder"可知25歲以上的人才有資格參加這個(gè)志愿活動(dòng),故D項(xiàng)正確。B本文是一篇記敘文。烏茲別克斯坦著名體操名將OksanaChusovitina連續(xù)參加了七屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)。如今她又以43歲的"高齡"參加了2018年亞運(yùn)會(huì),并取得了鞍馬亞軍的成績(jī)。4.D標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了連續(xù)七屆參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)的烏茲別克斯坦著名體操名將OksanaChusovitina以43歲的"高齡"參加2018年亞運(yùn)會(huì)并取得亞軍的故事。故D項(xiàng)最佳。5。C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatthegymnast…missedthegoldbyone-tenthofapoint"可知這名體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員僅以0.1分之差痛失了鞍馬項(xiàng)目的金牌,可以判斷她得的是銀牌。6。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Germany--whereshemovedforafewyearstogethersontreatmentforleukemia"可知Chusovitina代表德國(guó)參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)是為了給她兒子在德國(guó)治療白血病7。B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"wehavelittledoubtshewil"可以判斷作者對(duì)于Chusovitina取得2020年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的參賽資格是充滿信心的。C本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了非洲的巴祖萊村里兇猛的鱷魚(yú)和人類長(zhǎng)期地和平相處,這一和諧現(xiàn)象吸引了無(wú)數(shù)游客慕名而來(lái)。8。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的內(nèi)容可知,十五世紀(jì),在一次大旱中,摩西人<Themossi>外出尋找水源,跟隨鱷魚(yú)找到一個(gè)水塘。從此便在那里定居并把村莊叫作巴祖萊<Bazoule>。這就是摩西人世代感激鱷魚(yú)的原因。故答案選B項(xiàng)。9。C推理判斷題。從第四段的內(nèi)容可知,在巴祖萊村,婦女在水塘里洗衣服或收割植物,孩子們?cè)谒蚋浇嫠?他們都不會(huì)受到鱷魚(yú)的傷害。這說(shuō)明在巴祖萊村,人類和鱷魚(yú)和平相處。故答案選C項(xiàng)。10。B推理判斷題。從最后兩段尤其是最后一段的"Lowerannualrainfallmeansthatthepondisatriskofdisappearing"可知,因?yàn)槿驓夂蜃兣?降雨量逐年減少,水塘面臨消失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),鱷魚(yú)也將失去家園。故答案選B項(xiàng)11。A主旨大意題。在非洲的巴祖萊村,鱷魚(yú)和人類和平相處。許多游客慕名而來(lái),他們可以像村民一樣接近的魚(yú)。結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知、A項(xiàng)最能概括文章的大D本文是議論文。研究表明,完成任務(wù)時(shí)有人旁觀,你的表現(xiàn)可能會(huì)更好。12.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"…whileothersliveinfearofgrowingnervousinfrontofanaudienceduringapublicevent斂芍行┤碩疾蛔栽誆煌家夤ぷ魘北晃Ч鄣腦蚴撬塹Ｐ幕嶠粽牛岵蛔栽凇￡13。D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容可知,當(dāng)有人旁觀時(shí),腦部和社會(huì)焦慮與獎(jiǎng)賞相關(guān)的部分就會(huì)刺激腦部掌握運(yùn)動(dòng)技能的部分,從而提高他們?cè)趫?zhí)行技能性任務(wù)時(shí)的表現(xiàn)。由此推測(cè),Incentive"刺激,激勵(lì)"。14。B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Theparticipantsperformedthetaskbothinfrontofanaudienceoftwoandwithnoonewatching"可知,實(shí)驗(yàn)要對(duì)比參與者在沒(méi)有觀眾和有觀眾兩種情境下打游戲的表現(xiàn)。由此推知,他們每個(gè)人都至少把這個(gè)游戲玩了兩遍。15。C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和Chib博士的解釋內(nèi)容可知,少數(shù)人旁觀造成的焦慮可以讓人表現(xiàn)得更好,但是旁觀者一旦變多,人們就會(huì)變得更加焦慮,結(jié)果可能會(huì)適得其反,所以觀眾的多少會(huì)影響表現(xiàn)。七選五本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。你在陌生環(huán)境中是否會(huì)難以入睡?很多人是這樣的。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)人們?cè)噲D在一個(gè)陌生環(huán)境中睡覺(jué)時(shí),大腦的一半比另一半更加清醒,這就是難以入睡的原因。16.F前面提與大腦的一半比另一半活躍,此處解釋原因,因此選F。17.C本段的ifyouchangeyourpillow,youcan'tsleep與本句話表達(dá)相同的意思,且后文的it暗示了該題的答案。18.B前文提與了兩個(gè)晚上,后面提與的是第一個(gè)晚上的情況,因此此處講述兩個(gè)晚上的具體情況,符合前后文的銜接。19.G依據(jù)orwhetherit