2023年河北省滄州市海興縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》考前沖刺預(yù)測(cè)試卷含解析

2023年河北省滄州市海興縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》考前沖刺預(yù)測(cè)試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OvertheyearsIhavereceivedmanyChristmasgifts.However,thebestoneI’veeverreceivedwaspresentedbya1IneverknewhisnameandIonlyhad2withhimforlessthan60seconds,butthemomentchangedthe3IthinkaboutpeopleandChristmas.I4BlackFridaysales.It’softenlotsofpeople5theshopsmerelytopickupbargains.Theirintentionsarecompletelyunrelatedtothe6timeofyear.ItwasoneBlackFridaymorningseveralyearsago7mywifeandIwenttothelocaldepartmentstoretopurchaseachild’s8forourson.Westoodwithaverylargecrowd,9forthemanagetoblowthewhistle.Onhearingthe10,peoplewereallscrambling（爭(zhēng)先恐后）togetthebargains.I11myopportunityandliftedoneoftheboxescontainingbikes12Ifeltsomemildresistance.Ilooked13toseeoneofthelargestgentlemenI’deverseeninmylife.“Frightening”wasnottheworldto14hispresence.Iunwillingly15theboxbut,tomysurprise,hegentlypusheditbackin16direction.Oureyesmadecontactandhegavemea17smile,saying,“MerryChristmas.”MywifeandIwenttothe18andpaidforthebike.AllthewayhomeIwasthinkingthatthismomentwasmuchthebestChristmasgiftI’deverreceived.Asimple19ofkindnessfromastranger20allstereotypes（成見）andprejudicesImayhavehad.I’llneverforgetit.1、A．friendB．colleagueC．strangerD．brother2、A．funB．a(chǎn)rgumentC．conversationD．contact3、A．wayB．habitC．a(chǎn)ttitudeD．pattern4、A．enjoyB．forgetC．hateD．expect5、A．breakingintoB．crowdingC．gettingintoD．wandering6、A．joyfulB．discouragingC．a(chǎn)nnoyingD．busy7、A．sinceB．whenC．beforeD．until8、A．toyB．bookC．boxD．bike9、A．preparingB．lookingC．waitingD．crying10、A．whistleB．bellC．screamsD．cheers11、A．missedB．sawC．offeredD．quitted12、A．GraduallyB．ImmediatelyC．OccasionallyD．Suddenly13、A．downB．upC．throughD．forward14、A．introduceB．stateC．describeD．say15、A．takeawayB．takedownC．putawayD．putdown16、A．hisB．itsC．myD．a(chǎn)nother17、A．friendlyB．regretfulC．frighteningD．special18、A．exitB．checkoutC．storeD．stand19、A．a(chǎn)ctB．behaviorC．wordD．movement20、A．deepenedB．replacedC．cleanedD．removedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Recentlyastudy，ledbyPedroHallaloftheFederalUniversity，suggeststhatnearlyathirdofadults，31%，arenotgettingenoughexercise.Thatratesofexercisehavedeclinedishardlyanewdiscovery.Sincethebeginningoftheindustrialrevolution，technologyandeconomicgrowthhavehelpedtocreateaworldinwhichtakingexerciseismoreandmoreanoptionratherthananecessity.ButonlyrecentlyhaveenoughgooddatabeencollectedfromenoughplacestocarryoutthesortofanalysisDr.Hallalandhiscolleagueshaveengagedin.Therearecommonthemesindifferentplaces.Unsurprisingly，peopleinrichcountriesarelessactivethanthoseinpoorones，andoldpeoplearelessactivethanyoungones.Lessobviously，womentendtoexerciselessthanmen—34%areinactive，comparedwith28%ofmen.Butthereareexceptions.ThewomenofCroatia，F(xiàn)inland，IraqandLuxembourg，forexample，movemorethantheirmalecountrymen.Maltawinstheraceformostslothfulcountry，with72%ofadultsgettingtoolittleexercise，andSwazilandandSaudiArabiaareinclosebehind，with69%.InBangladesh，just5%ofadultsfailtoexerciseenough.Surprisingly，sixAmericansintenareactiveenoughaccordingtoDr.Hallal’sstudy，comparedwithfewerthanfourintenBritish.Thesehighratesofinactivityareworrying.Humanbeingsseemtohaveevolvedtobenefitfromexercisewhiledeliberatelyavoidingitwhenevertheycan.Inastateofnatureitwouldbeimpossibletolivealifethatdidnotprovideenoughofit.Butthatisnolongerthecase.Actuallylackofenoughactivitythesedayshasnearlythesameeffectonlifespanassmoking.1、WemaylearnfromParagraph1that________.A．thedeclineofexerciseratesisnewlydiscoveredB．thestudysuggests31%offemaleadultsgettoolittleexerciseC．theindustrialrevolutionhaschangedthewaypeoplelivetosomedegreeD．thegoodenoughdatahasbeencollectedfromonlyonecountry2、Accordingtothestudy,womenofLuxembourg________.A．havelittletimetoexerciseB．hatetogetregularexerciseC．takemoreexercisetoloseweightD．exercisemorethanmenintheircountry3、Theunderlinedword“slothful”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“________”．A．lazyB．richC．powerfulD．unpopular4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．BenefitsofTakingExerciseB．NewHealthDiscoveryC．EvolvementofHumanBeingsD．WorldwideLackofEnoughExerciseText2ThreeboyswereenjoyingthemselvesintheirhometownofBovina,Mississippi.However,theirliveswereturnedupsidedownwhentheydiscoveredthejawboneofaMastodon(齒乳象).BrothersShawnandCaidSellersandcousinMichaelMahalitcfoundtheprehistoricboneinapieceofearththatwasrecentlyplowed(犁、耕).“Ithoughtitwasalog,”Caidsaid.“ItriedtopickitupanditwasreallyheavyandIsawteethonit.”Theboneweighedabout50pounds.Theyeventuallygotthebonetotheirhomeandfitteditintheirtub(浴盆),butittooktheircollectivestrength,mightandagolfcart,tocarrythelargeMastodonbone.“Theydidn’texpecttofindthat,”Michael’smomsaid.“Nowthattheyhave,Ibelievethattheywillbemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsandwhatthey’rediggingupwhentheyarediggingandplaying.”“We’vegottenalotofpetrified(石化的)woodandCivilWarrelicsfromtheareaandthat’swhatIthoughtitwas,”thebrothers’mothersaid.“Thisisourfirstsetofteethwe’vefound.Sowethoughtitwastheirimagination.Wewerequitesurprisedtoseethatitwasnottheirimagination.”Theywereexploringnearthebrothers’home.Loandbehold(真想不到),theysawwhattheythoughtresembledafossil.Itwasthecuratorofpaleontology(古生物負(fù)責(zé)人)oftheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience,GeorgePhillips,whofirstidentifiedtheboneasa“verymatureindividual.”TheMastodonwasamammalwholivedduringtheprehistorictimes.Theyhadlongtusksandtrunks,likeelephants.Theywereclearlydifferentfromtheirmodern-daycounterparts,aswellaswoollymammoths(猛犸).1、HowdidtheyfindthejawboneofaMastodon?A．Withgreatefforts. B．Bychance.C．Instructedbyanexpert. D．Throughimagination.2、Atfirstthebrothers’motherthoughtthejawbonewas________.A．frompeoplewhodiedintheCivilWar B．thebonefromaverymatureindividualC．likealogorsomething D．theprehistoricbone3、ThediscoveryofthejawboneofaMastodonisimportantmainlybecauseit________.A．helpspeopletoknowmoreabouttheCivilWarB．teacheskidstobemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsC．promotestheresearchonmoreprehistoriccreaturesD．a(chǎn)ttractstheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthearticle?A．PrehistoricBonesRecentlyFoundinMississippiB．NotPetrifiedWoodNorCivilWarRelicsC．FirstIdentifyingBoneasa“VeryMatureIndividual”D．UnexpectedlyDiscoveringMastodonJawboneText3AfterIvisitedmyeldersister’shouse,Iwasremindedjusthowdifferenttheapartmentlivingwithachildwas.Shehasanicebighousewithafewfloors,abigbackyardandlotsoftoys.HerhouseismysonTom’slittlepieceofheaven.Atherhousetherearelittletoys,bigtoys,adollhouse,aplayhouseandmore!Therearebedroomstockedwithtraintables,ride-ontoysandbigtrucks.Themaindifferenceaboutbeinganapartmentmomisthatyoucannotbecomeacollectorof“things”.Icontinuallygetridofanythingtoolarge.WhenTomwasborn,wemadearulethattherewouldneverbeanystuffedanimalsinourapartmentthatwerelargerthanhimatthattime.Wealsomadearulethatwewouldonlyeverhaveatmostfivestuffed“anything”atonetime.Sofarthishadworkedoutwellforus.TheserulesleftTomwithafewspecialsoftcreaturestoplaywith,butthatcanbeeasilyputaway.Sincewewanttokeeptheappearanceofbeingcleancitydwellers,wehavelimitedTom’splaythingstoonetoybasketinthemainlivingspaceandonebigstoragebininhisbedroom.IamconstantlythinkingaboutlivingspacewhenIbuyanythingforourlittleTom.WelovethestoragebininTom’sroom.Itisfilledwithfunplaythings.Itisaplacetokeephistoysandeverythinggetspulledinandoutdaily.Anythingthatdoesn’tfitisoftenweededouttocreatespace.Tomabsolutelylikesgoingtohisaunt’shouseandpullingouteverysingletoyavailabletohim.Ofcourse,Tomdoesnotnoticethatwhenhereturnshomeheonlygetsonebasketoftoysinsteadofmanyroomsoftoys.RightnowTomlivesfullyinhis1,100-square-footapartmentandseemsverysatisfiedwithhisbasketoftoys.1、ByParagraph1thewritermainlywantstotellusthathersister________.A．lovesbuyingtoysforherselfB．hasseveralchildrenC．livesinahousewithmanytoysD．doesn’tkeepherhousetidy2、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“weekendout”inparagraph3mean?A．removedB．washedC．storedD．played3、Thelastparagraphshowsthat________.A．thewriterwantstoliveinabighouseB．Tomdoesn’tlikethetoysinhistoybasketC．Tomdoesn’tlikethetoysinhisaunt’shouseD．thewriter’srulesabouttoysworkoutverywelText4Teenagerswillbetoldto"standupfortheirelders"onpublictransport—orrisklosingtheirrighttofreetravel.LondonMayorBorisJohnsonwilldeclareplanstodaytomakeyoungsterssigna“courtesypledge"(文明宣言)topromisetobehaveinarespectfulmannerwhentravellinginthecapital.Thethree-pointpledgestatesthattheywillgiveuptheirseatstotheelderly,pregnantanddisabled;keepfromusingoffensiveorthreateninglanguage;andbecourteousandpolitetofellowpassengersandstaff.Thosewhorefuse,orarecaughtbehavinginaloutishmanner,willhavetheirfreetravelpassesremoved.Theplan—akeypartofMr.Johnson'sre-electionbid—willinitiallyaffectthe400,00011-to-15-year-oldsinLondonwhoqualifyforfreetravelcards,butTorysourcesbelievetheideacouldbeusedacrossthecountry.AConservativeinsidersaid:"TheplancorrespondsperfectlywiththepushtocreateaBigSociety.Itisaboutchangingcultureandexpectationsaroundbehaviortoimprovetheatmosphereonbusesandtrainsforeveryone."Speakingbeforetoday'slaunch,Mr.Johnsonsaidhewasdeterminedtodealwiththeanti-socialbehaviorofa"minorityofyoungsters"onpublictransport."WhenIwasaboy,Iwastaughttostandupforthoselessableto,"hesaid."Youngstersenjoytheprivilegeoffreetravel,whichispaidforbyLondoners,buttheyhavetounderstandthatwiththatprivilegecomesresponsibility.Anyonewhoabusesthisprivilegewillhaveittakenaway,andwillhavetoearnthatrightbach."Teenagersfoundguiltyofaseriousviolationofthenewbehaviorruleswilllosetheirtravelpasses,andwillhavetocarryoutunpaidcommunityworktoearnthemback.Mr.Johnsonisalsointroducinga"twostrikesandyou'reout"policytodealwithrepeatoffenders,underwhichthosecommittingasecondseriousviolationoftheruleswilllosetheirtravelrightspermanently.1、WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecontentofthe"courtesypledge"?A．Teenagersshouldgiveuptheirseatstotheold.B．Teenagersshouldn'ttalkwithstrangersinpublic.C．Teenagersmustn'tuseaggressivelanguageinpublic.D．Teenagersmustbepolitetopeopleonpublictransport.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"loutish"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A．rude.B．stupid.C．polite.D．calm.3、AccordingtoMrJohnson,____________.A．youngstersshouldknowdutycomeswithbenefit.B．youngstersshouldn'tusetheprivilegeoffreetravel.C．a(chǎn)nyoneshouldn'tmakemoneywiththeprivilege.D．youngstersshoulddosomeunpaidcommunitywork.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whatisreading?Readingisactuallyaverycomplexprocessthatrequiresagreatdealofactive1．(participate)onthepartofthereaderItisanactivethinkingprocessinvolvingtheinteractionbetweenthereaderandtheprintThatistosay,thereader’sschema(formerorpreviousknowledge)aboutthetopicto2．(read)andhislanguageknowledge(vocabularyandgrammar)directlyaffecthisunderstandingofthereadingmaterialand3．turn,thenewinformationaboutthetopic4．(contain)inthereadingmaterialwillenlargethereader’sformerschemaReadingisaveryimportant5．(mean)ofgainingknowledgeaboutculture,custom,scienceeducationandtechnologyfromothersorothercountriesItisagoodwayoflearningthemostadvancedhi-technology6．(serve)theneedsofthesocialdevelopmentandtheinterestsofourpeoplethroughreadingReadingis7．inseparablecomponentoftheEnglishlearningWeshouldlaysolidfoundationsforouradvancededucation,andwecanmasterthelanguagebyreading8．(large)However,itisaverycomplexactivity9．involvesalmostallpsychologicalprocesses10．(include)sensation,perception,motorbehavior,motivation,attention,emotion,cognitionandallkindsofmemoryChinahasonceagainprovedits1．(able)tochangetheworldwiththe“newfourgreatinventions”:high-speedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshoppingThey’rerelatedtoChina’shigh-techinnovation(創(chuàng)新),2．hasimprovedthequalityofpeople’slives,accordingtoasurvey3．(make)bytheBeltandRoadResearchInstituteofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity“MywalletisnolongerinuseIcanbuyandeatwhateverIwantsimplywithafingertiponmyphone,”said4．universitystudent,addingthat“evenpancakesellersareusingmobilepayment”Thebikes5．(them)arenotnew,buttheoperatingmodelofbike-sharing6．(base)onsatellitenavigationsystem,mobilepayment,bigdataandotherhightechnologiesChinahasenteredanewinnovativeera,thankstothelargeamountsofcapitalChinahasinvestedin7．(encourage)innovation,saidBernhardSchwartlander,WHORepresentativeinChinaItisincreasinglyclearthatChinaisinnovatingandnolongercopyingWesternideasThisisespeciallytrueinmobile,whereChinaisleading8．manywayssuchas…socialmessagingappWeChat,shesaidThisispartly9．ChinaskippedoverthePCeraandwentdirectlytomobileChinahasa10．(large)mobileusethananyothercountryintheworldSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Therewasasurveyofthepeoplewhowerebornfrom1980to2000，askingthemwhattheirmostimportantlifegoalswere．Over80percentsaiditwastogetrich．1、We'reconstantlytoldtodevotemoretoourwork，topushharderandtoachievemore．We'regiventheimpressionthatthesearethethingsthatweneedtogoaftertohaveagoodlife．Butisthatthetruth？2、Butwhatifwecouldstudypeoplefromthetimewhentheywereteenagersallthewayintooldagetoseewhatreallykeepspeoplehappyandhealthy？TheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmentdidit．For75years，they'vetrackedthelivesof724men．Studieslikethisareextremelyrare．Almostallprojectsofthiskindfallapartwithinadecadebecausetoomanypeopledropoutofthestudy．3、Ortheresearcherscan'tgettogether．Butthroughacombinationofluckandthepersistenceofseveralgenerationsofresearchers，thisstudyhassurvived．Sowhathavetheylearned？Theconclusionisthatit'snotwealthorfamethatcounts．4、They'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships．Firstly，peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily，tofriendsandtocommunityarehappierandphysicallyhealthier．Thesecondisthatit'snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhavebutthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters．Andthethirdisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies．5、A．Theycanevenprotectourbrains．B．Tobecomefamouscamesecond．C．Orfundingfortheresearchdriesup．D．Thegoodlifeisbuiltwithrelationships．E．Itturnsoutthatbeinginconflictisbadforourhealth．F．Itisgoodrelationshipsthatkeepushappierandhealthier．G．Tobefrank，sometimeswealthandfamecanmakepeoplehappy．It’snaturaltogreetfriendswithasmileandawave.1、Butwhathappensifyourfaceandbodysendmixedmessages?Wouldsomeonebemorelikelytobelievethelookonyourfaceorthewayyouholdyourbody?Scientistshaverecentlytackledthesequestions.Theyfoundthatwhenapersonislookingatyourface,shemightnotbelievewhatsheseesifyourbodylanguagedoesn’tmatchthefeelingthatyourfaceshows.2、Pre