2022-2023學(xué)年山東省德州市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版含聽(tīng)力音頻和聽(tīng)力原文）

第第頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年山東省德州市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版，含聽(tīng)力音頻和聽(tīng)力原文）高二英語(yǔ)試題

本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答第I卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)框。

3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在試卷上無(wú)效。

第I卷(滿分95分)

第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whattimeisitnow

A.7:30.B.8:50.C.9:00.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Whattimeisit

W:Tentonine.

M:Yourwatchis10minutesslow.I’mgonnabelateagain.WhatwillmyexcusebethistimeWeshouldhavesetthealarmfor7:30am.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Howmanycakeswillthewomanpayfor

A.2.B.4.C.6.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Howmuchdothesecakescost

M:$2each.Butwearehavingaspecialsaletoday:buytwoandgetonefree.

W:I’lltakesix.

M:Thenyou’llgettwofreeofcharge

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatisthewomandoing

A.Offeringadvice.B.Askingforhelp.C.Expressingthanks.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatareyougoingtohave

M:Idon’tknow.I’venevereatenherebefore.Whatdoyousuggest

W:Well,Ialwayslikethesalad.It’susuallyveryfresh.Butifyoudon’tlikevegetables,thenwhataboutgoingforsmokedfishItisverygood,too.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatwillthewomantake

A.Hamburgers.B.Hotdogs.C.Fruitsalad.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Myfamilyarehavingabarbecuetomorrow.WouldyouliketocomeAllyouhavetobringisasidedish.We’regoingtohavehamburgersandhotdogs.

W:Thatsoundsgreat!Ilovebarbecues.I’llbringsomefruitsalad.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whereistheman

A.Atanairport.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atatravelagency.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.CanIhelpyou

M:Yes,Ineedtocheckinforthe11:20flighttoNewYork,please.

W:OK.Ticket,please.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6.HowdidXiaosavemoney

A.Bybuyingnoclothes.

B.Bysharingfoodwithfriends.

C.Bybuyingsecond-handhouses.

7.WhendidXiaobuyherfirsthouse

A.Attheageof18.B.Attheageof27.C.Attheageof33.

【答案】6.A7.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Haveyouheardofa33-year-oldJapanesewomancalledXiaoSheboughtthreehousesbysavingmoney.

M:ThreehousesIcan’tbelievemyears.Canyoutellmeherwaysofsavingmoney

W:Ofcourse.Sheneverboughtclothesorateoutwithfriends.Shekeptlonghairandthensoldit.

M:Howoldwasshewhensheboughtthefirsthouse

W:Shemadearesolutiontobuythreehousesattheageof18.Attheageof27,sheboughtthefirstone.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

8.Howlonghasthewomanworkedonthefarm

A.Aboutfouryears.B.Aboutfiveyears.C.Abouteightyears.

9.Whoassiststhewomanwiththefarmwork

A.Herfriends.B.Herrelatives.C.Thelocalfarmers.

10.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo

A.Findmorehelpers.

B.Pickappleshimself.

C.Lendthewomanhisrobots.

【答案】8.C9.B10.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Wow!Somanyappletreeshere.Itlooksasifthecomingautumnharvestwillbeevenbetterthanthelastone.

W:Yeah.Appletreestakefourtofiveyearstoproducetheirfirstfruit.

M:Howmanyyearshaveyouspentonthefarm,Rose

W:Abouteightyears.AftermakingsomemoneybyworkinginITforafewyears,Imovedtothecountryin2023andstartedgrowingapplesalloverthefarmoneyearlater.Luckily,AuntKittysfamilylivenearby.Theyareagreathelptome.ButI’mafraidweneedatleasteighthelperstopicksomanyapplesthisyear.Youknow,trytoharvestthefruitbeforethefirstfrost.

M:Oh,bytheway,I’musingtworobotstodothefarmwork.Icanlendthemtoyouanytimeyouwant.

W:Thatwouldbenice.Thanks.

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo

A.Startweighttraining.

B.Joinabasketballteam.

C.Playbasketballwithhisfriends.

12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Doctorandpatient.

C.Instructorandplayer.

13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoing

A.Cuttingbackonfood.

B.Havingaphysicalcheck.

C.Findingafitnessinstructor.

【答案】11B12.A13.B

【解析】

【原文】M:I’mthinkingaboutjoiningthecompanybasketballteam.Iwasastarplayerinhighschool.

W:Yeah,butthatwastwenty-fiveyearsago,beforeweweremarried.Look!Ijustdon’twanttohaveaheartattack.

M:So,whatareyousuggestingShouldIjustgiveuptheidea

W:Well,yououghttoatleasthaveaphysicalcheckbeforeyoubegin.

M:Well,OK,but...

W:Andyouneedtowatchyourdietandcutbackonthefattyfoods.Andyoushouldtryeatingmorefreshfruitandvegetables.

M:Yeah,you’reprobablyright.

W:Andyoushouldstartalittleweighttrainingtostrengthenyourmuscles...

M:Hey,you’restartingtosoundlikemypersonalfitnessinstructor!

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofjazz

A.Unpopular.B.Noisy.C.Difficult.

15.Whatinstrumentdoesthemanlikebest

A.Thepiano.B.Thedrums.C.Thebass.

16.Whatwillthemanengageinthisweekend

A.Amusicshow.B.Ajazzclass.C.Bandpractice.

【答案】14.C15.B16.A

【解析】

【原文】W:WelcometotheFridayNightMusicHour.I’mMelinda.JoiningustonightisMichaelfromalocaljazzband.Hi,Michael!Canyougiveouraudienceabriefintroductionofjazzmusic

M:Okay.JazzwasoriginallyfromAmerica.Itwasmadepopularbyblackmusiciansduringtheearly20thcentury.Jazzisusuallymoredifficulttoplaythanotherformsofpopularmusic.Thereisusuallyapiano,drums,andabassinvolvedinjazz.

W:Whatinstrumentsdoyouplayinyourband

M:Well,I’vebeenplayingmusicforabout10yearsandIcanplaymanydifferentinstruments,butdrumsaremyfavorite.Iliketohitthedrumsandmakealotofloudbutcontrollednoise.

W:Interesting.Doyouhaveanyshowscomingup

M:Yes,mybandwillholdaliveshowthisweekendattheVABarinBeijing.Theshowwillstartat9:00pmandwewillplayfornolessthantwohours.Allthelistenersareinvitedforanightofjazzmusic!

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

17.Whyhasthelakebecomefamousinrecentyears

A.It’sintroducedinbooks.

B.Asportsgameisheldthere.

C.Asingersingsasongaboutit.

18.Wheredidthejourneystart

A.Ontheeasternshore.

B.Onthefrozensurface.

C.Fromabovethelake.

19.Whatattractsrunnerstothelake

A.Thewidespace.

B.Thebeautifullandscape.

C.Thecoldweather.

20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout

A.ExtremeweatherinSiberia.

B.ThebesttimetovisitLakeBaikal.

C.Theloneliestmarathonintheworld.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C

【解析】

【原文】ManypeopleknowaboutLakeBaikalfromtextbooksorbylisteningtoChinesesingerLiJian’shitsong,LakeBaikal.Butinrecentyears,theworld’sdeepestfreshwaterlakehasbeenpaidmuchattentiontobecauseofanextremesport.EachMarchsince2023,about150peoplefromaroundtheworldsignupfortheBaikalIceMarathon.Theycometoexplorethelake’sextraordinarybeautyandchallengethemselvesinunpredictableconditions.The41.84-kilometerjourneystartsonthelake’seasternshore.InMarch,theiceisameterthickandveryhard.Runnerscrossthisfrozensurface,finishingonthewesternsideofthelake.Knownasthe“blueeyeofSiberia”,thelakehasclearwater.Seenfromabove,arunnerontheicelooksasifheorshewasjoggingthroughspace.Thelandscapemightbebeautifulbutitisaseveretest.However,runnerssaythecoldclimateiswhatdrawsthem.Theywanttochallengethemselves.

Whenrunnersstarttheirmarathon,theydon’thavecarsaroundthemandtheydon’thavenoisearound.IheyarealoneonBaikal.Alltheyneedtodoisdefeatthemselves.

第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

TheFourMostExoticBlackSandBeachesintheWorld

PapenooBeach:Tahiti,FrenchPolynesia

Popularwithsurfers,thisremoteblackbeachonTahiti’snortherncoastboastssomeofthemostimpressivewavesintheworld.Hereyouwilldiscovermorebreathtakingnaturalbeautyoftheisland,withitsgreenmountainsandpicturesquescenery.Not-to-be-missedsightsincludethespectacularwaterfalls:Topatari,PurahaandVaiharurufalls.

LovinaBeach:Indonesia

AhighlightofthisbeachdestinationisvisitingKalibukbuk,oneofthecoastalvillagesalongLovinaBeach,andtheKalibukbukBuddhisttempleonthebeach.Thereisalsoanabundanceofincrediblemarineandunderwaterlife,sodivingisapopularrelaxation,butthemaindrawforbeachgoersisspottingtheplayfulbottlenoseddolphins.

StokksnesBeach:Iceland

OneofIceland’smostdramaticlandscapesisthemountainVestrahornontheStokksnespeninsulainsoutheastIceland.ThemagicalsettingherewasfeaturedintheBollywoodmovieDilwale.It’sapopulardestinationforphotographersbutsurprisinglynotabigtouristspot;thisprivatelyownedlandchargesasmallfeetovisit.YoucanvisittheStokksnesbeachonagroupRingRoadtouroraself-drivingcircuitofthecountry.

PerissaBeach:Santorini,Greece

SituatedinsoutheasternSantorini,thisuniqueblackbeachboastscrystalclearwatersandtherockyMesaVounomountain.Formoreactivepursuitsbeyondsunbathingandswimming,visitorscanrentwatersportsequipmentforotherfunactivitieslikediving.YoucanalsohiketothetopofMesaVounotovisittheancientruinsofthecityofThera.

21.WhichofthefollowinglandscapesisamustfortouristsinPapenooBeach

A.Waves.B.Valleys.C.Mountains.D.Waterfalls.

22.Whichplacebestsuitspeoplewhoenjoytakingpictures

A.PapenooBeach.B.LovinaBeach.

C.StokksnesBeach.D.PerissaBeach.

23.WhatdoLovinaBeachandPerissaBeachhaveincommon

A.Theyaregoodplacestohike.

B.Visitorscangodivingforrelaxation.

C.Botharerichinunderwaterlife.

D.Touristscanvisitancientcoastalvillages.

【答案】21.D22.C23.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了世界上最具異國(guó)情調(diào)的四個(gè)黑沙灘。

【21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PapenooBeach:Tahiti,FrenchPolynesia中“Not-to-be-missedsightsincludethespectacularwaterfalls:Topatari,PurahaandVaiharurufalls.”（不容錯(cuò)過(guò)的景點(diǎn)包括壯觀的瀑布：托帕塔里瀑布、普拉哈瀑布和瓦伊哈魯瀑布）可知，瀑布景觀是游客在帕皮努海灘必看的。故選D項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StokksnesBeach:Iceland中“It’sapopulardestinationforphotographersbutsurprisinglynotabigtouristspot”（它是攝影師的熱門(mén)目的地，但令人驚訝的是，它不是一個(gè)大的旅游景點(diǎn)）可知，StokksnesBeach最適合喜歡拍照的人。故選C項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LovinaBeach:Indonesia中“Thereisalsoanabundanceofincrediblemarineandunderwaterlife,sodivingisapopularrelaxation”（這里也有許多令人難以置信的海洋和水下生物，所以潛水是一種流行的放松方式）以及PerissaBeach:Santorini,Greece中“Formoreactivepursuitsbeyondsunbathingandswimming,visitorscanrentwatersportsequipmentforotherfunactivitieslikediving.”（除了日光浴和游泳之外，游客還可以租用水上運(yùn)動(dòng)設(shè)備進(jìn)行其他有趣的活動(dòng)，如潛水）可知，LovinaBeach和PerissaBeach的共同之處是游客可以去潛水放松。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

Threecutebrownbearcubswhogotlostaftergettingseparatedfromtheirmothergrippedtheheartsofnetizens.

ThefuzzycubswerespottedbyGelekGyatso,anecologicalprotectionofficer,whenhewaspatrollingariverbedatanaltitudeofnearly4,500metersinQumarlebcountyinQinghaiprovince’sYushu.

Thelittlecubseagerlyrantowardtherangeronthesnow-coveredriverbed,thenstoppedshortatasafedistancetostareathimcuriously.Afterrealizingthatthemanwasnottheirmother,thebearcubsturnedaroundandranalongtherivercallingformom.

ThiswasGelekGyatso’sfirstencounterwithbearcubsseparatedfromtheirmother.Withhisknowledgeofwildanimals,hedrovethecubstowardsanareaneartheircaveinthehopeofasafereunion.Thankfully,laterthatday,otherpatrolofficersfoundthatthemotherbearhadreunitedwithhercubsandthatthefamilywashappyandhealthy.

ThisyearmarksGelekGyatso’stenthyearasanecologicalprotectionofficer.Hepatrolstheareaeveryday,diligentlyrecordstheanimalshesees,carefullychecksonthevegetation,andhelpscleanuplitter.

Overthedecade,GelekGyatsohaswitnessedgreatchangesintheecologicalenvironmentofhishometown.Therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofwildanimals,andeveryoneisparticipatingintheprotectionofthesespecies,makingcoexistencebetweenhumansandanimalsmoreharmonious.

Healsoremindspeoplethatiftheyencounterwildanimalsinthewild,theyshouldkeeptheirdistance,notdisturbingorfeedingthem,andthatiftheyfindananimalthatneedstoberescued,theyshouldcallthefireorforestdepartmentintime.

24.Whathappenedtothethreebearcubs

A.Losingtrackofthemotherbear.

B.FollowingGelekwithcuriosity.

C.Mistakingamanfortheirmother.

D.Beingtrappedinthecoldriverbed.

25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGelek

A.Ambitious.B.Romantic.C.Devoted.D.Innovative.

26.AccordingtoGelek,whatshouldpeopledotoliveinharmonywithwildlife

A.Changingtheirlivingsurroundings.

B.Feedingandshelteringwildanimals.

C.Gettinginvolvedinsavingendangeredspecies.

D.Seekingprofessionalhelptorescuethoseinneed.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.Aprojectofwildlifeconservation

B.Ajourneyoffriendshipconnection

C.Aknowledgeableecologicalofficer

D.Anencounterleadingtoasafereunion

【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是青海省玉樹(shù)縣庫(kù)馬勒勒縣的生態(tài)保護(hù)官員GelekGyatso發(fā)現(xiàn)三只與媽媽走散后走失的棕熊幼崽，并幫助這三只棕熊幼崽與自己的媽媽團(tuán)聚的故事。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Threecutebrownbearcubswhogotlostaftergettingseparatedfromtheirmothergrippedtheheartsofnetizens.(與媽媽走散后走失的三只可愛(ài)的棕熊幼崽抓住了網(wǎng)友們的心。)”可知，這三只可愛(ài)的棕熊幼崽和熊媽媽走失了。故選A。

【25題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“ThisyearmarksGelekGyatso’stenthyearasanecologicalprotectionofficer.Hepatrolstheareaeveryday,diligentlyrecordstheanimalshesees,carefullychecksonthevegetation,andhelpscleanuplitter.(今年是GelekGyatso擔(dān)任生態(tài)保護(hù)官的第十個(gè)年頭。他每天都在該地區(qū)巡邏，勤奮地記錄他看到的動(dòng)物，仔細(xì)檢查植被，并幫助清理垃圾。)”以及GelekGyatso幫助三只小熊和媽媽團(tuán)聚的故事可知，GelekGyatso是個(gè)對(duì)工作認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)的人。故選C。

【26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Healsoremindspeoplethatiftheyencounterwildanimalsinthewild,theyshouldkeeptheirdistance,notdisturbingorfeedingthem,andthatiftheyfindananimalthatneedstoberescued,theyshouldcallthefireorforestdepartmentintime.(他還提醒人們，如果在野外遇到野生動(dòng)物，要保持距離，不要打擾或喂食，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)需要救援的動(dòng)物，要及時(shí)給消防或森林部門(mén)打電話。)”可知，GelekGyatso建議人們?nèi)绻l(fā)現(xiàn)需要救援的動(dòng)物，要及時(shí)給消防或森林部門(mén)打電話。也就是遇到需要救援的動(dòng)物，應(yīng)該向?qū)I(yè)人士求助。故選D。

【27題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThiswasGelekGyatso’sfirstencounterwithbearcubsseparatedfromtheirmother.Withhisknowledgeofwildanimals,hedrovethecubstowardsanareaneartheircaveinthehopeofasafereunion.Thankfully,laterthatday,otherpatrolofficersfoundthatthemotherbearhadreunitedwithhercubsandthatthefamilywashappyandhealthy.(這是GelekGyatso第一次遇到與母親分離的小熊。憑借對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的了解，他把這些幼崽趕到洞穴附近的一個(gè)地方，希望它們能安全團(tuán)聚。值得慶幸的是，當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候，其他巡邏人員發(fā)現(xiàn)熊媽媽和她的孩子們團(tuán)聚了，全家人都很快樂(lè)、健康。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述的GelekGyatso與三只棕熊幼崽的相遇帶來(lái)了熊媽媽和她的孩子們團(tuán)聚。故選D。

C

Ifyoustrugglewithinsomnia(失眠)—and,consequently,thebed-covers—youprobablyhavebeentemptedtotryanythingthatpromisesbettersleep.Onethingmightsoundalittlestrangebuthasbeenknowntowork:addingaweightedblankettothosebed-covers.“Ithasbecomethesleeptooltohave,”saysAlannaMcGinn,founderandleadsleepexpertatGoodNightSleepSite.“I’mahugesupporterbecauseitcanworksowell.”

About32%ofAmericansdon’tgetenoughsleep,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Expertsthererecommendatleastsevenhoursofshut-eyepernightforadults.Butasmanyas35%ofadultshavetroublesleepingfromtimetotime,and10%regularlyhavetroublefallingandstayingasleep.

Theweight—usuallybetween5and30poundswhichsoundslikealotbutisspreadoutovertheentirebed—comesfromplastic,glassormetalballssurroundedbyfilling.Theheavinessimitatesatouchtherapycalleddeeppressurestimulation.Justasswaddlingbabiescansendthemtosleep,usingaweightedblankethelpsyourheartandbreathingslowandyourbodyreleasefeelgoodhormones,includingserotonin.

A2023reviewlookedateightstudiesandconcludedthatweightedblanketshelpedreduceanxietybutnotnecessarilyinsomnia.Otherresearchtellsaslightlydifferentstory.AstudyinSwedenin2023lookedat120peoplewithinsomniaandalsodepression,bipolardisorder,anxietyorattention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD).Thosewhousedaweightedblanketreportedthattheyhadbettersleepandwerelesstired,anxiousanddepressedduringtheday.

Peoplewithcirculatoryconditionssuchasdiabetes,orbreathingissuessuchasasthmaorsleepapnea(窒息),shouldcheckwiththeirdoctorbeforeusingaweightedblanket.“Andifyou’resomeonewhogetsalittleclaustrophobic,it’sprobablynotthebestthingforyou,”addsMcGinn.

28.Whatwillpeoplewithinsomniaprobablydo

A.Tendtobecheated.B.Struggletodropasleep.

C.Workforthesleeptool.D.Becautiousabouttheblanket.

29.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout

A.Theseverityofsleeptrouble.B.Americanssufferinginsomnia.

C.Sleepdifficultycausedbyaging.D.Experts’adviceonsleepinghours.

30.Whydoestheauthormention“swaddlingbabies”inparagraph3

A.Todefineaconcept.B.Topresentaresult.

C.Toexplaintheprinciple.D.Todrawaconclusion.

31.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheapplicationoftheweightedblanket

A.Itcanextendpeople’slifespan.

B.Itcanhelppeoplefeelmorerelaxed.

C.Itisfriendlytopeoplewithbreathingissues.

D.Itisarequesttogetthedoctorspermission.

【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，對(duì)于有失眠問(wèn)題的人來(lái)說(shuō)，在床罩上加一條加重的毯子，它的重量可以模仿深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法，可以減慢心臟和呼吸，釋放有益激素，因此減輕焦慮、改善睡眠質(zhì)量，并減少疲勞、焦慮和抑郁，然而，對(duì)于患有循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病或呼吸問(wèn)題的人來(lái)說(shuō)，使用加重毯子前應(yīng)咨詢醫(yī)生。

【28題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Ifyoustrugglewithinsomnia(失眠)—and,consequently,thebed-covers—youprobablyhavebeentemptedtotryanythingthatpromisesbettersleep.(如果你正在與失眠作斗爭(zhēng)，那么你可能已經(jīng)嘗試過(guò)任何能保證更好睡眠的方法了。)”可知，失眠的人可能會(huì)嘗試任何能保證更好睡眠的方法，努力使自己入睡。故選B項(xiàng)。

【29題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“About32%ofAmericansdon’tgetenoughsleep,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Expertsthererecommendatleastsevenhoursofshut-eyepernightforadults.Butasmanyas35%ofadultshavetroublesleepingfromtimetotime,and10%regularlyhavetroublefallingandstayingasleep.(根據(jù)米國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的數(shù)據(jù)，大約32%的米國(guó)人睡眠不足。那里的專家建議成年人每晚至少睡7個(gè)小時(shí)。但多達(dá)35%的成年人不時(shí)有睡眠問(wèn)題，10%的人經(jīng)常難以入睡和保持睡眠狀態(tài)。)”可知，通過(guò)米國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心提供的三個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，第二段介紹了米國(guó)人睡眠問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重程度。故選A項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theweight—usuallybetween5and30pounds,whichsoundslikealotbutisspreadoutovertheentirebed—comesfromplastic,glassormetalballssurroundedbyfilling.Theheavinessimitatesatouchtherapycalleddeeppressurestimulation.Justasswaddlingbabiescansendthemtosleep,usingaweightedblankethelpsyourheartandbreathingslowandyourbodyreleasefeelgoodhormones,includingserotonin.(它的重量通常在5到30磅之間，聽(tīng)起來(lái)很重，但卻鋪在整個(gè)床上。它是由塑料、玻璃或金屬球制成的，周圍有填充物。這種沉重感模仿了一種叫做深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法。就像襁褓中的嬰兒可以讓他們?nèi)胨粯?，使用加重的毯子可以幫助你的心臟和呼吸減慢，讓你的身體釋放出讓人感覺(jué)良好的激素，包括血清素。)”可知，襁褓對(duì)嬰兒肌膚進(jìn)行深度壓力刺激，保證嬰兒的高質(zhì)量的睡眠，加重的毯子可以模仿深度壓力刺激的觸摸療法，可以幫助改善失眠問(wèn)題，減慢心臟和呼吸，釋放有益激素，提到襁褓里的嬰兒來(lái)解釋毯子這個(gè)原理。故選C項(xiàng)。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“A2023reviewlookedateightstudiesandconcludedthatweightedblanketshelpedreduceanxietybutnotnecessarilyinsomnia.(2023年的一項(xiàng)綜述研究了8項(xiàng)研究，得出的結(jié)論是，加重的毯子有助于減輕焦慮，但不一定能減輕失眠。)”可知，加重毛毯的應(yīng)用能使人減輕焦慮，更加放松。故選B項(xiàng)。

D

AsGeoffreyHinton,widelyseenasthegodfatherofartificialintelligence,warnsaboutgrowingdangersfromhowitisdeveloping,businessesarescramblingtoseehowtheycanusethetechnologytotheiradvantage.

Recently,thehottopicishowtoemployChatGPTstyletechnologyacrosstheirbusinessesasquicklyaspossible.Abosslookedathiscomputer,enteredthetranscriptofacustomercomplaintcall,andaskedChatGPTtorespondtoitbasedonsetofrules.Inaboutaminuteitcameupwithaverycredibleanswer,whichwas85%accuratebutonlycost1%ofthecostofemployingstaff.Thegoodnewsforallisthepureenhancementtoproductivity.

Technologyhasimprovedthequalityoflife.Alotofinnovationhasmadeourentertainmenttimemoreenjoyable.Buttherealshockhasbeenthatthesetechnologiesareusableinacommercialcontext,notjustfor“l(fā)ow-cognitive,repetitive”tasks,i.e.robotic-taskslikelytobeautomated.

Thesurprisehasbeenhowemployablethetechnologyistohighlycreative,high-valuework.Specifically,creatinganimage,ormusic,orcodingaprogrammecanbeachievedinsecondsratherthanweeksofbriefingandrefining.Sothegoodnewsisthatrapidemploymentofthistechnologycouldsolvethelongstandingproductivitycrisis.Thebadnewsisthatitcouldoccursorapidlyastoovertakeworkers’abilitytoadaptintime,creatingsocialcrisis.Couldwefaceincallcentersandcreativestudiosinthe2023s,theequivalentofwhathappenedinthecoalminesinthe1980s

SomeindividualshavestartedtosuggestthatstatesshouldprovideabasicincomeduetothepossibilityofAIleadingtojobloss.Theresponseoftechenthusiastsisthat“Youwon’tbereplacedbyanAI,butyoumightbereplacedbysomeonewhoknowshowtouseAI”.Buttheyusedtosaythat’swhyeverybodyshouldlearnhowtocode.Thatmightnotbesuchwisecareeradviceanymore.

32.WhatdowelearnaboutChatGPT

A.Itimprovescustomers’satisfaction.

B.Itenhancesproductivityandreducescost.

C.Itperfectscustomers’abilitytosummarize.

D.Itrevolutionizesthebusinesswithaccuracy.

33.Howhastechnologyinfluencedindividuals

A.Byenrichingleisuretime.B.Byincreasingdependence.

C.Bysimplifyingpeople’swork.D.Byreshapingentertainmentforms.

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“equivalent”inparagraph4mean

A.Alternative.B.Opposite.C.Similarity.D.Reference.

35.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheapplicationofAI

A.Intolerant.B.Favorable.C.Indifferent.D.Objective.

【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了被廣泛視為人工智能教父的杰弗里辛頓(GeoffreyHinton)警告稱，人工智能的發(fā)展方式帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)越來(lái)越大，企業(yè)正在爭(zhēng)先恐后地尋找如何利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)為自己服務(wù)。

【32題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Abosslookedathiscomputer,enteredthetranscriptofacustomercomplaintcall,andaskedChatGPTtorespondtoitbasedonsetofrules.Inaboutaminuteitcameupwithaverycredibleanswer,whichwas85%accuratebutonlycost1%ofthecostofemployingstaff.Thegoodnewsforallisthepureenhancementtoproductivity.”（一位老板看著他的電腦，輸入了一個(gè)客戶投訴電話的文字記錄，并要求ChatGPT根據(jù)一套規(guī)則做出回應(yīng)。大約一分鐘后，它就得出了一個(gè)非常可信的答案，準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到85%，但只花費(fèi)了雇傭員工成本的1%。對(duì)所有人來(lái)說(shuō)，好消息是生產(chǎn)率的純粹提高。）可知，關(guān)于ChatGPT我們知道，它提高了生產(chǎn)率，降低了成本。故選B項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Technologyhasimprovedthequalityoflife.Alotofinnovationhasmadeourentertainmenttimemoreenjoyable.”（科技提高了生活質(zhì)量。許多創(chuàng)新使我們的娛樂(lè)時(shí)間更加愉快。）可知，科技是通過(guò)豐富閑暇時(shí)間來(lái)影響個(gè)人的，故選A項(xiàng)。

【34題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thebadnewsisthatitcouldoccursorapidlyastoovertakeworkers’abilitytoadaptintime,creatingsocialcrisis.”（壞消息是，它可能發(fā)生得如此之快，以至于超過(guò)了工人的適應(yīng)能力，從而造成社會(huì)危機(jī)。）以及劃線單詞句中“Couldwefaceincallcentersandcreativestudiosinthe2023s,…whathappenedinthecoalminesinthe1980s”（在21世紀(jì)20年代，我們會(huì)在呼叫中心和創(chuàng)意工作室面臨……20世紀(jì)80年代煤礦發(fā)生的事情嗎？）可推知，人工智能的發(fā)展可能會(huì)造成社會(huì)危機(jī)，劃線詞所在句應(yīng)該講述不好的事情，此處為我們會(huì)在呼叫中心和創(chuàng)意工作室面臨類似于20世紀(jì)80年代煤礦發(fā)生的事情嗎？故可猜測(cè)，劃線單詞equivalent為“類似”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Similarity“相似性”意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SomeindividualshavestartedtosuggestthatstatesshouldprovideabasicincomeduetothepossibilityofAIleadingtojobloss.Theresponseoftechenthusiastsisthat“Youwon’tbereplacedbyanAI,butyoumightbereplacedbysomeonewhoknowshowtouseAI”.Buttheyusedtosaythat’swhyeverybodyshouldlearnhowtocode.Thatmightnotbesuchwisecareeradviceanymore.”（一些人開(kāi)始建議，由于人工智能可能導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，國(guó)家應(yīng)該提供基本收入?？萍紣?ài)好者的回應(yīng)是：“你不會(huì)被人工智能取代，但你可能會(huì)被懂得如何使用人工智能的人取代?！钡麄冞^(guò)去常說(shuō)，這就是為什么每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)如何編程。這可能不再是明智的職業(yè)建議了。）可推知，對(duì)人工智能的應(yīng)用，并未有明確或褒或貶的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，可得出對(duì)人工智能持客觀的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Whethersomeonemakesyouangry,you’reupsetwithyourself,oryou’rejusthavingabadday,oneofthebestwaystodirectyourangryenergyisthroughexercise.Thatangryenergycanbuildinsideofyou.____36____Ifyou’relookingtodirectyourangerthroughexercise,thereareexercisessuitableforit.

Runningisaveryeffectivetechniquetocalmanxieties.Thefocusittakestorunandtheendorphinsyourbodyreleaseswilltakeyourmindoffwhateverisfrustratingyou.Besuretoadequatelywarmupandstretchbeforeyourun!____37____Youcanenhancethebenefitsbyrunninginanareathatisfreeofdistractionslikearoundalakeorthroughapeacefulpartofthecity.

Achallengingyogapracticeisagreatwaytocontrolyourangertohelpyougetthroughit.Youmaybesofrustratedthatgettingstartedinayogapracticemayseemimpossible.____38____Youcanfocusondirectingyourangryenergyintoeachofthemovements.Itmayalsohelpyoutohavethesupportofthegrouptohelpyougetinvolved.

____39____Conditioningclassesareagreatopportunitytofocusyourangryenergyintohittingaheavypunchingbagwhilealsoburningalotofcalories.Theseclassesareoftenchallenging,soyoucanuseyourangertohelpyougetthroughthedifficultyoftheworkout.Focusonyourbreathing,yourtechnique,andharnessingyourangertodeliverstrongpunches.

Cyclingisaseriouscardiovascular(心血管的)workoutandyoucanuseyourangertohelpyoupushthroughthedifficultyofit.Whenyougoforarideoutdoors,theextrafocusittakestonavigatetheoutsideworldcanprovideahelpfuldistractionfromyourfrustration.____40____

A.It’sadvisabletofindascenicroute.

B.Besuretoobeytrafficlawsandwearahelmet.

C.Boxingisagreatwaytorelieveyourfrustration.

D.Joiningaclasscanhelptakethethinkingoutofit.

E.Watchoutforanymovingcarswhileyou’rerunning.

F.Breathedeeplywhilepracticingyogaandyourangerwillfade.

G.Workingitoutisaneffectivewaytochannelyourrageintomovement.

【答案】36.G37.A38.D39.C40.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。鍛煉可以控制憤怒，文章提供了一些適合內(nèi)心憤怒的人群的鍛煉方式和建議。

【36題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thatangryenergycanbuildinsideofyou.(這種憤怒的能量會(huì)在你體內(nèi)積聚。)”，下文“Ifyou’relookingtodirectyourangerthroughexercise,thereareexercisessuitableforit.(如果你想通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)控制你的憤怒，這里有一些適合你的鍛煉。)”因?yàn)楦鞣N原因，憤怒會(huì)積聚在內(nèi)心，鍛煉可以控制憤怒，G項(xiàng)“Workingitoutisaneffectivewaytochannelyourrageintomovement.(鍛煉是將你的憤怒轉(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)的有效方法。)”，句中的it指代上文的Thatangryenergy，Workingitout與directyourangerthroughexercise相呼應(yīng)，G項(xiàng)承上啟下，下文引出具體的鍛煉方面的建議，上下文銜接連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。

【37題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Besuretoadequatelywarmupandstretchbeforeyourun!(跑步前一定要做好充分的熱身和伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)!)”，下文“Youcanenhancethebenefitsbyrunninginan