專(zhuān)題技能突破

專(zhuān)題技能突破（4）閱讀理解之主旨大意2主旨大意題是高考閱讀題目考察中必不可少的題目之一，可以利用主題句來(lái)概括標(biāo)題，抓住每段的首尾句，綜合得出文章的大意。技能講解3特別關(guān)注首尾段落，找到文章的中心。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)but，however,therfore等詞后，特別關(guān)注這些被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。技能講解解題思路4另外，可以通過(guò)排除法得出正確答案。題干中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)某個(gè)選項(xiàng)是某一段落的意思，不足以代表全文；還有的選項(xiàng)會(huì)是放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的句子，過(guò)于寬泛；還有的選項(xiàng)會(huì)是偏離文章主題的意思。技能講解解題思路5典例剖析1.[2015?江蘇高考，C篇]Supposeyouealeaderinanorganization.It'sverylikelythatyou'llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization'sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let'sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.6典例剖析Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”．7Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers'expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity.”8典例剖析Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB．HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC．HowtoKeepVolunteers'InterestD．HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities主旨大意題9典例剖析1.[2015?江蘇高考，C篇]Supposeyouealeaderinanorganization.It'sverylikelythatyou'llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization'sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let'sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.主要闡述了人們?yōu)槭裁匆鲋驹刚摺?0Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers'expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity.”主要闡述了持續(xù)進(jìn)行志愿活動(dòng)與志愿者身份認(rèn)同之間的正比關(guān)系，并強(qiáng)調(diào)要加強(qiáng)對(duì)志愿者身份的認(rèn)同。11典例剖析Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB．HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC．HowtoKeepVolunteers'InterestD．HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivitiesA12典例剖析2．[2015?天津高考，B篇]

Whetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtoealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotcompanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser....13典例剖析Whatdoesthepassagemainlypresent?A．Anewdesignideaofhouseholdrobots.B．Marketingstrategiesforsocialrobots.C．Informationonhouseholdrobots.D．Anintroductiontosocialrobots.主旨大意題14典例剖析2．[2015?天津高考，B篇]

Whetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtoealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotcompanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser....開(kāi)篇點(diǎn)題并結(jié)合對(duì)全文的整體理解可推知，本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要對(duì)社交機(jī)器人進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹。15典例剖析Whatdoesthepassagemainlypresent?A．Anewdesignideaofhouseholdrobots.B．Marketingstrategiesforsocialrobots.C．Informationonhouseholdrobots.D．Anintroductiontosocialrobots.家用機(jī)器人的新設(shè)計(jì)理念

社交機(jī)器人的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略家用機(jī)器人的信息社交機(jī)器人導(dǎo)論D16技能演練1.CHICAGO(Reuters)-Smokingnotonlycanwrinkle(皺紋)thefaceandturnityellow—itcandothesametothewholebody,researchersreportedonMonday.Thestudy,publishedintheArchivesofDermatology,showsthatsmokingaffectstheskinalloverthebody-evenskinprotectedfromthesun....Smokingcanalsodamagetheconnectivetissue(組織)thatsupportsbothdieskinandtheinternalorgans.17Thebe