2021-2022學年新教材高中英語Unit4Breakingboundaries單元素養(yǎng)提升含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊

單元素養(yǎng)提升(四)Unit4Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theriveristheboundary(邊界)betweenthetwocountries.2.Thequestionsputforwardatthemeetingareofvital(極其重要的)importance.3.Theguardwillberelieved(換班)atmidnightinourneighborhood.4.So,itmaybeonlyaminority(少數(shù))ofyoungpeoplewhoplayclassicalinstruments,butwhenitcomestoenjoyingclassicalmusic,itdependsonthepieceofmusic.5.Aclinic(診所)isabuildingwherepeoplegotoreceivemedicaladviceortreatment.6.ThegovernmentisurgingJapan’sfirmstocollaborate(合作)withforeigners.7.Helifteduphislittleson,andmounted(使騎上馬)himonthehorse.8.Thecivilian(平民的)safetymustbeguaranteed.9.Theyhadtoendure(忍受)unbearablepainontheirownbecauseeventhedoctorcouldn’tgetclosetothem.10.Tooursorrow,hersondiedonthebattlefield(戰(zhàn)場).Ⅱ.選詞填空takeachance,invain,inmemoryof,regardlessof,stepintoone’sshoes,becaughtupin,put...atrisk,bringforth,lookto,bededicatedto1.Successinbusinessissimplyamatterofknowingwhentotakeachance.

2.Wecan’taskhimtoputhimselfatrisklikethat.

3.Wewerecaughtupintheexcitementofthecrowd.

4.Thelibrarywasbuiltinmemoryofthescientist.

5.Don’tbringforthsuchaunreasonabledemandtome.

6.Whenheretiresaschairman,hissonwillstepintohisshoes.

7.Manypeoplearelookingtothenewgovernmenttoreduceunemployment.

8.ProfessorChanisdedicatedtopublicandacademicservice.

9.Theytriedinvaintofrightenhimwiththreats.

10.Hewenttotherescueofadrowningchildregardlessofhispersonalsafety.

Ⅲ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Wewerelate,andagainstallodds(突破萬難)westillcaughtthetrainbecauseitsdeparturewasdelayedbytenminutes.

2.Iamconvincedthatheisfarclevererthanmostmen,nottomention(更不必說)mywife.

3.Parents,ofcourse,willdoeverythingtheycould/whattheycould(盡他們所能)todefendtheirchildrenfromharm.

4.Itisvital/importantthat(重要的是)weshouldbekeptinformedofalldevelopments.

5.Ihearthepopularsongbeingsung(聽流行歌曲正在被唱)inthenextdoor.

Ⅳ.閱讀理解A(2021·溫州高二檢測)HighschoolbiologyteacherKellyChavisknewsmartphoneswereaprobleminherclass.ButnoteventhestudentsrealizedhowmuchofaproblemthedeviceswereuntilChavisdidanin-classexperiment.Foroneclassperiod,studentsusedawhiteboardtocounteverySnapchat,Instagram,text,callthatappearedontheirphones.Chavisisamongagrowingnumberofteachers,parentsandhealthexpertswhobelievethatsmartphonesarenowpartlytoblameforincreasingthelevelsofstudentanxiety.“Onegirl,justduringtheonehour,gotcloseto150Snapchatnotifications.150!”shesaid.JeanTwenge,apsychologyprofessoratSanDiegoStateUniversityinCalifornia,saiditisnotacoincidencethatyouthmentalhealthissueshaverisenwiththenumberofphones.“Thisuseofphoneshasledtoalossofsleepandface-to-faceinteractionsnecessaryfortheirgrowth,”shesaid.Researchersarestillnotsurewhetherphonescausestudentdepressionordepressioncausesphoneuse.Butnearly60percentofparentssaidtheyworryabouttheinfluenceofsocialmediaontheirchild’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Bothschoolsandparentsarestartingtotakestepstodealwiththeproblem.Manypublicschoolspayoutsidecompaniestowatchstudents’socialmediaactivityforsignsofanxiety.Otherschoolsinviteinyogateachersandcomfortdogstohelpcalmstudents.【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過KellyChavis的課堂實驗展示了智能手機對學生的影響,并引用一些專業(yè)人士的觀點來支持個人的論證,繼而說明了學校就學生使用手機問題應采取的措施。1.What’sthepurposeofChavis’sexperiment?A.Toseehowmanystudentshavesmartphones.B.Tofindouthowpopularherstudentsare.C.Toshowsmartphonesinfluenceteenagersgreatly.D.Totellherstudentshowtousesmartphoneswisely.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“ButnoteventhestudentsrealizedhowmuchofaproblemthedeviceswereuntilChavisdidanin-classexperiment.”和下文可知,直到查維斯在課堂上做了一個實驗,學生們才意識到這些設備有多大的問題:焦慮、睡眠不足等問題,故查維斯的實驗目的是想去展示手機對青少年的影響很大,故選C項。2.HowdidKellyChavisfeelabouttheresult?A.Shocked. B.Excited.C.Satisfied. D.Frightened.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內容,越來越多的老師、家長和健康專家認為,學生的焦慮程度越來越高,部分原因是智能手機造成的,查維斯就是其中之一。一個女孩在一個小時內收到了近150條Snapchat通知。150條!可知Chavis對于實驗的結果是非常震驚的,故選A項。3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoJeanTwenge?A.Studentsarenowundergreatstress.B.Studentsspendtoomuchmoneyonsmartphones.C.Over-usingphonescausedropsinstudents’grades.D.Over-usingphonesmayharmstudents’bodyandmind.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“itisnotacoincidencethatyouthmentalhealthissueshaverisenwiththenumberofphones.”可知JeanTwenge認為過度使用手機可能會傷害學生的身心。故選D項。4.Whatmightbetalkedaboutifthepassageiscontinued?A.Howotherschoolsdealwithstudents’phones.B.Whetherthewaystohandlephonesareeffective.C.Howsomeparentsdealwiththeirchildren’sphones.D.Whetherstudentsarewillingtogiveupusingphones.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Bothschoolsandparentsarestartingtotakestepstodealwiththeproblem.”可知最后一段討論的是學校應采取的措施,那么接下來的段落可能會討論的問題是一些父母如何處理他們孩子的手機。故選C項。B(2021·杭州高二檢測)ItisNationalSleepAwarenessWeekandreflectingontheimportanceofthisbasicactistimely.Asapreventivecardiologist(心臟病醫(yī)生),Iworkwithpatientswhowanttoimprovetheirhealthandlengthentheirlives.Manyofthemhavemajorriskfactorsforheartdisease;othersalreadyhaveheartdiseaseorhaveexperiencedaheartattack.Traditionally,patientswhowanttoimprovetheirhearthealthhavereceivedfourmainsuggestionsfromtheirdoctors:eatahealthydiet,getmoreexercise,quitsmoking,andenjoyproperamountsofalcohol.Plentyofresearchbacksupthesefourpiecesofadvice:Largestudieshavefoundthatmakingimprovementsinthesefourareaslowersthechanceofdyingofheartdiseaseby67percent.Butlately,researchersarestartingtorecognizethatthereshouldbefiverecommendationsonthatlist,notjustfour.Theyarediscoveringthatgettingenoughsleepisapowerfulhealthprotectoraswell.Whenresearchersincludeenoughsleepintheirstudiesasafifthcardio-preventivebehaviorchange,theyfindthatitlowersthechanceofdyingofheartdiseaseevenmore:addingagoodsevenhoursofsleepanightinadditiontomakingpositivechangesindiet,exercise,smoking,andalcoholintakelowersthechanceofdyingofheartdiseaseby83percent.Whenthatnewsstartedcomingout,doctorsbegantaggingsleepontotheirlistofrecommendedhealthbehaviorchanges.ButIdon’tthinksleepbelongsatthebottomofthelist.Ithinkitshouldbeatthetop!Ibelievethatgettingenoughsleep—atleastseventoeighthourspernightformostpeople—isthemostimportanthealthbehaviorchangeyoucanmaketoimprovethehealthofyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Sure,I’dpreferthateveryonemakeallofthebigfivelifestylechanges,butifIcouldonlychooseone,I’dpicksleepbecausewhenyouarewell-rested,youhavemorepowertomaketherightchoicesaboutwhatyoueatanddrink,andyouhavemoreenergytoexerciseandyouhavetheresilienceyouneedtokickbadhabitssuchassmokingandovereating.Butwhenyou’reexhausted,everythinginlifeismoredifficult.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。作者是一名心臟病醫(yī)生。正值NationalSleepAwarenessWeek(國民睡眠意識周),作者提出預防心臟病的措施除了健康飲食、多鍛煉、不吸煙和適量喝酒之外,還應該加上充足的睡眠。5.Whatdoesplentyofresearchshowaboutthefourcommonsuggestions?A.Theyarethebestwaysfoundsofar.B.Theyarenotashelpfulasexpected.C.Theyhelpimprovepeople’shealth.D.Theyshouldbeconsidered.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Largestudieshavefoundthatmakingimprovementsinthesefourareaslowersthechanceofdyingofheartdiseaseby67percent.”一句可知大量的研究表明改善這四個方面可以降低67%的心臟病死亡。故選C。6.Whatdoesthelatestresearchshow?A.Sevenhours’sleepismostimportanttotheheart.B.Variousfactorsleadtogoodhearthealth.C.Thechanceofdyingofheartdiseasehasdropped.D.Enoughsleepcontributestogoodhearthealth.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butlately,researchersarestartingtorecognizethat...”可知最新的研究表明充足的睡眠是很有效的健康保護者。故選D。7.Whatwasthedoctors’reactiontothenewsonsleep?A.Theydiscusseditpublicly.B.Theythoughtitmadesense.C.Theytriedtoignoreit.D.Theytotallychangedtheirmind.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Whenthatnewsstartedcomingout,doctorsbegantaggingsleepontotheirlistofrecommendedhealthbehaviorchanges.”可知,當這一消息發(fā)布時,很多醫(yī)生把充足的睡眠添加到了他們的推薦行列,可知醫(yī)生們認為這一建議很有用。故選B。8.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Whydifferentfactorsneedtoworktogether.B.WhytheauthormakessleephisNo.1suggestion.C.Whattheimportanceofahealthylifestyleis.D.Whatpreventspeoplefromlivinghealthily.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。最后一段的“butifIcouldonlychooseone,I’dpicksleepbecausewhenyouarewell-rested,youhavemorepowerto...”一句中作者認為睡眠是首要的,因為只有充足的睡眠,你才可以選擇其他幾項。故選B。Ⅴ.應用文寫作屠呦呦是世界上最有影響力的科學家之一——著名的女化學家、女科學家。1972年,她成功地從一種中藥中發(fā)現(xiàn)并研制出了青蒿素,用于治療世界各地的瘧疾患者,并因此獲得了許多大獎。2015年10月5日,她被授予諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎,成為中國第一位獲得諾貝爾獎的女性。請以此為題寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿。內容包括:1.人物基本信息介紹;2.倡導學習精神。注意:詞數(shù)80左右。參考詞匯:有影響力的influential,中醫(yī)traditionalChinesemedicine,獎項awards,諾貝爾獎theNobelPrize,科學精神scientificspirit_______