2023年山西省運(yùn)城市高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2023年山西省運(yùn)城市高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ANPR'sStudentPodcast（播客）Challengeisback-forafifthyear!Thisyear'scompetitionwillopenforentriesonJanuary6，2023andcloseonApril28.

Asinpastyears，ourjudgeswillchoosewinnersintwocategories：gradesfivethrougheightandgradesninethroughtwelve.Entriesmustbesubmittedbyaneducatororastudentleaderwho's18yearsoldorolder.Anotherimportantruleisthatthemaximumlengthofyourpodcastiswithineightminutes，andlongerentrieswillbedisqualified.

Ourjudgeswillusethefollowingcriteriatonarrowdownandchoosethewinners：

Informationandstructure，40percent

Doesthepodcasttellagoodstoryorteachussomethingnewandimportant？Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged？Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou'retellingortheinformationyou'reexplaining？Haveyouspenttimecuttingoutunnecessaryinformationtomakesurethemainideascomethroughclearly？

Personalityandcreativity，40percent

Doesithavepersonality，ordoesitsoundlikeyou'rereadingfromascript（腳本）？Doesitmakeuslaughorcryorleaveusdeepinthought？

Production，20percent

We'renotjudgingyouonhowfancyyourequipmentisandwedon'texpectyoutobeanexpertonrecordingandeditingsound，butwehopeyou'lltry.

Somepodcastsmayuseanarration（講述）format.Othersmaybemoreofaninterviewformat.Ifyouusesoundapartfrominterviewsandnarration，makesureitisclearandsmooth.1.Whatisthedeadlineforhandinginyourpodcast？______A.January6. B.February18. C.March26. D.April28.2.Whoarequalifiedtosubmitthepodcasttothecompetition？______A.Allmonitors. B.Anystudent. C.Teachers. D.Parents.3.Whatisarequirementfortheentries？______A.Theyshouldbemorethaneightminutes.

B.Theymustbewellstructuredandedited.

C.Theyhavetoadoptaninterviewformat.

D.Theymustbeproducedwithspecialsoundeffects.BOnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAIwrittenstories.

"Bythetimeweclosedonthe20th，wehadreceived500humanwrittenstoriesand700AIwrittenones，"saideditor-in-chiefNeilClarke."Itwasincreasingatsuchaspeedthatwefiguredthatbytheendofthemonth，wewouldhavedoubledthenumberofarticleswenormallyhave.Theratehadbeengrowingfrompreviousmonths，andwewereconcernedthatwehadtodosomethingtostopit."

WorriesaboutAImisusehavefrequentlyappearedinheadlinesrecently，particularlysincethelaunchofChatGPTinNovember，2022，whichcannotonlyanswerabroadrangeofquestions，butalsocreateoriginalpoemsandstories.

Clarkesaidmagazineslikehis，whichpaycontributorsfortheirwork，werebeingtargetedbypeopletryingtomakequickmoney.HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.Healsoadmittedthatthehumorofhissci-fimagazinebeingtargetedbyAIrobotsisnotlostonhim.

"Youknow，ourmascot（吉祥物）isarobot.Soweseetheirony，"hesaid."Butthethingisthatsciencefictionisoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.Wedon'tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomakesurethatwe'reusingitright.Andtherearesomesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythatwe'renotreadytoaccept.

Clarkesaidthemagazinedidn'tknowhowtodealwiththeissue，andpartofthemotivationtospeakoutwasinthehopeoffindingsomesolutions.HealsosaidthequalityoftheAIwrittenstorieswasverypoor.4.What'sthematterwiththemagazineClarkesworld？______A.Itwillclosedownforever. B.ItwastargetedbyAIwriters.

C.Itstoppedpayingcontributors. D.Ithaslostmanygoodauthors.5.Whatcanweinferaboutothermagazines'attitudetotheAI-writtenstories？______A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Unknown. D.Tolerant.6.WhatdoesNeilClarkesayaboutsciencefiction？______A.Itoftenintendstofindsomesolutions.

B.Itwelcomestheexistingnewtechnologies.

C.ItwillacceptAIwrittenstoriesinthenearfuture.

D.Itoftentriestowarnthedarksideoftechnologies.7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom？______A.Anotice. B.Asciencefiction.

C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.CThenewWebbtelescopehasdiscoveredwhatappeartobegalaxies（星系）thatdatebacktowithin600millionyearsoftheBigBang.Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies.

Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies，datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse，it'sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.

"Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime，"leadresearcherIvoLabbeofAustralia'sSwinburneUniversityofTechnologysaid."Butthesesixgalaxiesarefast-trackingtomaturity.Whythisisthecaseorhowthisworksisunknown."

Accordingtothereport，whichwaspublishedinthejournalNatureonWednesday，eachofthesixobjectsweighsbillionsoftimesmorethanoursun.Inoneofthem，thetotalweightofallitsstarsmaybeasmuchas100billiontimesgreaterthanoursun.

ThePennsyIvaniaStateUniversity'sJoelLeja，whoalsotookpartinthestudy，said，"Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion."

Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafromthe＄10billionWebbtelescope，whichwasjustlaunchedoverayearago.UnlikeHubble，thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared（紅外的）visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.Scientistshopetoeventuallyobservethefirststarsandgalaxiesformedfollowingthecreationoftheuniverse13.8billionyearsago.

Theresearchersarestillwaitingforofficialconfirmation."It'spossiblethatafewoftheobjectsmightnotbegalaxies，butblackholes.OneearlylessonfromWebbistoletgoofourexpectationsandbereadytobesurprised，"Labbesaid."Nextyearitwilltellus."8.Whatisspecialaboutthesixnewlydetectedobjects？______A.Theirage. B.Theircolor. C.Theirsize. D.Theirshape.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"fast-trackingtomaturity"inparagraph3mean？______A.Turningquickly. B.Circlingsmoothly.

C.Travellingfast. D.Growingrapidly.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwotelescopes？______A.HubblecanseefurtherthanWebb.

B.WebbismorepowerfulthanHubble.

C.WebbismuchcheaperthanHubble.

D.HubbleisrelativelybiggerthanWebb.11.WhatdoesIvoLabbemeaninthelastparagraph？______A.Thedatamightnotbecomplete.

B.Theresearcherswillbedisappointed.

C.HedoesnotagreewithJoelLeja.

D.ThenewWebbtelescopeisunreliable.DDuringtheindustrialage，whenhighschoolwaskeytotheAmericandream，public-schoolsystemscoveredthecostsofearningadiploma.Today，however，ascollegedegreeshavereplacedhighschooldiplomasastheticketintothemiddleclass，familiesareforcedtocoverthecostsofhighereducationandmore.Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation，theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies：Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege-forfree.

Withthatbasicbargaininmind，MichiganhaslatelyjoinedOregon，RhodeIslandandTennesseeinexperimentingwithwaystomakecommunitycollegefree.UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship，aprogramthathasalreadyenrolledmorethan6，000students，ifastudentatapublichighschoolinMichiganmaintainsaBaverage，thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.Then，throughanotherprogramChicagoStarPlus，studentswhohavescored3.0GPAarequalifiedtoreceiveatuitiondiscountat18ofthefouryearcollegeslocatedinMichigan.

ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.Itshighschoolgraduationrategrewfrom56.9percentin2011to78.2percentin2022.AndChicagoStarPlus'collegeattendingrateis86percent，wellabovethenationalaverageof62.7percent.

Morethanacenturyago，Americaachievedanexplosionofsocialmobilitybycreatingasupportivepublicschoolsystemthatrunsto12thgrade.Byaddingcommunitycollegestothenation'spublic-schoolsystemsandeducationalrequirements，wecanstrengthenthebeliefintheAmericandreamagain.12.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttheUSgovernmentdotoday？______A.Cancelallcollegestudents'debts.

B.Reducethecostsforthemiddleclass.

C.Providefreehighereducationforqualifiedstudents.

D.Helppoorfamiliestocoverthefeesofhighereducation.13.WhocanreceivetheChicagoStarScholarship？______A.Anystudentwhohasachieved3.0GPA.

B.AllpublichighschoolstudentsinMichigan.

C.Allstudentsadmittedintothe18four-yearcolleges.

D.AnyMichiganpublichighschoolerwhomaintainsaBaverage.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout？______A.ThesignificanceoftheprogramsinMichigan.

B.ThehighdropoutrateintheUScolleges.

C.ThepotentialcostsofChicagoStarPlus.

D.ThepopularizationofhighereducationintheUS.15.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？______A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byconductingsurveys.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）AccordingtoJaimeRoberts，goodconsultingisoftenaboutlooseningthebody，openingthemindand，moreoftenthannot，keepingthemouthshut.

Yourbodylanguagematters

JaimeRobertshasbeenoneofmygotoexpertsforadvicefordecades.WhenIonceaskedherwhyshewassogoodatconsulting，shewasquicktomentionherbodylanguage."（1）______，"shesaid."Otherwise，theymightnotopenuptomeasmuchasIwouldwantthemto.

Youdon'thavetofixtheproblem

That'sanotherthingJaimeRobertshaslearnedonthejob."Peoplewhoask'WhatshouldIdo？'oftenwanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.（2）______，"shesaid."Partofthetrickisrememberingthatlisteningisthebestthingyouhavetodo，inmostcases.，"

Youdon'tneedtogiveadvicerightnow

TextsandFaceTimemightbeimmediate，butyouradvicedoesn'thavetobe.（3）______."Forcingyourselftogiveadvicewhenyoucan'twilldomoreharmthangood，"shesaid.

（4）______.

You'reboundtohearaboutproblemsyouhaven'texperiencedfirsthand.That'swhyJaimeRobertssaysyoushouldletthemknowthatyou'rejusthumanbeingswithlimitedexperience.（5）______.

A.Don'tsaytheirchoicesarewrong

B.Youcannotgiveadviceasgivingsomeoneanorder

C.Itrytoappearrelaxedandavoidlooksofshockorjudgment

D.Youdon'tneedtohavethesameproblemtobeagoodconsultant

E.Butyoushouldletthemknowyouwilldoyourbesttounderstandthem

F.You'reagoodconsultantifyoucanhelpthemfixtheproblemontheirown

G.Youcanpolitelyexplaintothemthatyouwilltalktothemwhenyou'reready16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）SujataHalarkarwouldliketoeatfishcurry（咖喱）everyday.It'savery（1）______currywiththebasicingredients（原料），nothingveryfancy.However，it'sarecipepasseddownfromher（2）______whoisstilllivinginMumbai，India.

HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma，Arizona，butshe（3）______inMumbai，andhergrandparentslivedina（n）（4）______coastalvillage.Hermotherwouldsendhertohergrandparents'homefor（5）______.There，hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher.

"TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.Thatisoneofthe（6）______memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood，"Halarnkarsaid."Wehadaprettyandpeacefulbeachtoourselvesandwewould（7）______fishfromtheseaeverymorning.

（8）______later，fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar，whosaidherfamilyalwayscooksitwhenthey，（9）______atweekendsintheUS.

"We'llgoouttothefishmarket，buyfresh（10）______andmakethiscurry，"shesaid."Wedon'tevenworryaboutvegetables.Wejusteatsomesteamedriceandthisfishcurry."

Halarnkarhaspassedonthe（11）______toherdaughterNatasha，wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar'sloveofcooking.Andeventhoughthenext（12）______hastherecipe，Halarnkarsaidshestill（13）______thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia.Infact，she'slookingforwardtohavingitnexttimeshegoesto（14）______her.

"I'm10%surethatsheisgoingtomakeitformewhenI（15）______there，"Halarnkarsaid.21.

A.expensive B.extraordinary C.new D.traditional22.

A.grandmother B.husband C.aunt D.neighbor23.

A.passedaway B.settleddown C.grewup D.criedout24.

A.dangerous B.nearby C.busy D.ugly25.

A.parties B.schools C.weekends D.gifts26.

A.saddest B.hardest C.strangest D.best27.

A.see B.catch C.raise D.save28.

A.Days B.Weeks C.Months D.Decades29.

A.work B.play C.hunt D.gather30.

A.chicken B.fish C.meat D.milk31.

A.recipe B.talent C.house D.thought32.

A.store B.village C.generation D.guest33.

A.avoids B.invents C.hides D.prefers34.

A.pay B.hug C.visit D.treat35.

A.arrive B.leave C.move D.marry四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Chinahasplantedmillionsoftreesinitsnorthwestoverthepasttwodecadesaspartofits（1）______（amaze）fightagainsttheexpandingdeserts.

Theefforthaspaidoff.Around2000，desertsacrossthecountrywerestillincreasingby10，400m2ayear.

Butin2017，theyweredecreasingbymorethan2，400m2ayear.The（2）______（achieve）wasconfirmedbyastudyfromtheLaboratoryofClimateandEnvironmentalSciencesinParis"In1999，theChinesegovernmentbeganplantingmillionsoftreesinitsGrainforGreenProgram.It（3）______（carry）outtorepairdamagedfarmlandinnorthwesternChina，（4）______isroughlythesizeofFrance，"saysPhilppeCiais，aresearcheratthelaboratory."Iwasthereafewmonthsago，anditisindeedsurprisingthatoncebarelandscapesarenowalmostfullycoveredbyplants."

"Thegrowthofforestsissignificant（5）______necessaryprogressinthefightagainstdesertification，"saysJianpingHuang，aresearcheratLanzhouUniversity."Butit'sstilltooearlytodeterminewhetherithassolvedtheproblem.Researchershavefoundthatmanyoftheplantspecies（6）______（introduce）totheregionusemorewater（7）______nativevegetation.Itcouldleadtowatershortagesforhumans.

Thenationalforestrydepartmenthasrecognizedtheerror.Inrecentyears，ithasworkedmorecloselywithresearchersandcommunitiestofindwaystoplantless（8）______（thirst）plantsthathaveeconomicvalue.

"All（9）______（program）needtotakeintoaccountlocalconditions，"theforestrydepartmentsaidinMarch."（10）______（we）effortsshouldgotowardskeepingvegetationsustainable，ratherthansimplyplantingmoretrees."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是李華。你的外國(guó)筆友Tom對(duì)你班開(kāi)展的課外活動(dòng)（extracurricularactivities）非常感興趣，希望你介紹這方面的有關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你給他回封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）課外活動(dòng)介紹；

（2）你最喜歡的活動(dòng)；

（3）喜歡的原因。

注意：

（4）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（5）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

__________________38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Afterfillingoutsixtyapplications，goingthroughthreeinterviews，andwinningjustoneoffer，ItookwhatIcouldget：toteachinaremoteareainwesternNewJersey.IkeptremindingmyselfthatIcoulddowhatIhadalwaysdreamedofdoingsinceIwasfourteen：teachingEnglish.

Attheschool，Iworkedveryhard，onlytakingtimeofftoeatandsleep.Igotalongverywellwithmystudentswhowereonlysevenoreightyearsyoungerthanme.

ButIhadaproblemlongbeforeIknewit.Iwasstrugglinginmyworkasayoungidealisticteacher.Iwantedtomakeliteraturecomealiveandtopromotealoveforthewrittenwords，whilethestudentspreferredtothrowpaperplanesandwhisperdirtywordsinthebackoftheroom.

Incollege，Ihadbeentaughtthatasuccessfuleducatorshouldignorestudents'badbehavior.SoIdid，feelingconfidentthat，asthetextbookshadsaid，thebadbehaviorwoulddisappearasIgavemystudentspositiveattention.Itsoundedreasonable，butthetextbooksevidentlyignoredthefactthathumans，particularlyteenagers，rarelyseemreasonable.

Bythetimetheprincipal，whowasalwaysreadytofirebadteachers，cameintotheclassroomtoobservemyclass，thestudentsexhibitedverylittlegoodbehavior.Afterbesettleddowninthebackoftheroom，theboysintheclasswerestillmakinganimalnoises，hittingeachotherandthegirlsfiled（修剪）theirnailsorreadmagazines.

Ijustpretendednothingwrongwashappening.Iwentonlecturingandtriedtoasksomeinspiringquestions.Theprincipalseemedtobegrowingmoreandmoreannoyed.Aftertwentyminutes，heleft，silently.

Visionsofunemploymentmarchedbeforemyeyes.IonlyfeltmildlycomfortedthatIpoweredthroughtherestoftheclasswithoutcrying.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afterclass，Iwasaskedtoseehim.__________

Imadeupmymindtomakeachange.__________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段This

year's

competition

will

open

for

entries

on

January

6，2023

and

close

on

April

28.（今年的比賽將于23年1月6日開(kāi)始報(bào)名，4月28日結(jié)束。）可知提交播客的截止日期是4月28日。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Entries

must

be

submitted

by

an

educator

or

a

student

leader

who's

18

years

old

or

older.（參賽作品必須由18歲或以上的教育工作者或?qū)W生領(lǐng)袖提交。）可知有資格向比賽提交播客的是教師。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Information

and

structure，40

percent部分Isitstructuredinawaythatkeepslistenersengaged？Canweeasilyfollowthestoryyou'retellingortheinformationyou'reexplaining？（它的結(jié)構(gòu)是否能吸引聽(tīng)眾的注意力？我們能很容易地跟上你講的故事或你解釋的信息嗎？）可知參賽作品的要求是它們必須有良好的結(jié)構(gòu)和編輯。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了NPR新聞的學(xué)生播客挑戰(zhàn)賽的詳細(xì)信息。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】B、A、D、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的OnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.（2月20日，科幻雜志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因?yàn)樗蝗斯ぶ悄茏珜?xiě)的故事淹沒(méi)了。）可知Clarkesworld是被AI寫(xiě)手逼得不得不暫停接受新稿件。故選B。

（2）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的HesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.（他說(shuō)，他已經(jīng)和其他雜志的編輯談過(guò)，他們都同意停止接受人工智能撰寫(xiě)的文章。）可知，其他雜志對(duì)AI生成的作品持不贊成的態(tài)度。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的But

the

thing

is

that

science

fiction

is

often

intended

to

give

a

warning

to

people.We

don't

celebrate

technology

just

because

it

exists.We

want

to

make

sure

that

we're

using

it

right.And

there

are

some

significant

legal

and

moral

issues

around

this

technology

that

we're

not

ready

to

accept.（但問(wèn)題是，科幻小說(shuō)往往是為了給人們一個(gè)警告。我們不會(huì)因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)的存在而贊美它。我們要確保我們正確地使用它。關(guān)于這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，有一些重大的法律和道德問(wèn)題，我們還沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好接受。）可知，NeilClarke認(rèn)為科幻雜志經(jīng)常試圖警告技術(shù)的黑暗面。故選D。

（4）文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的OnFebruary20，thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAI-writtenstories.（2月20日，科幻雜志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因?yàn)樗蝗斯ぶ悄茏珜?xiě)的故事淹沒(méi)了。）可知文章第一段中交代了事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間，由此判斷，這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了享譽(yù)全球的科幻雜志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影響，不得不暫停接受新稿件。

考查說(shuō)明文。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Whilethenewtelescopehasspottedevenoldergalaxies，datingtowithin300millionyearsofthebeginningoftheuniverse，it'sthesizeofthesesixgalaxiesthatshocktheresearchers.（雖然新望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)了更古老的星系，可以追溯到宇宙起源的3億年內(nèi)，但這六個(gè)星系的大小令研究人員震驚。）可知，這六個(gè)星系的大小尺寸是其特別之處，因此讓研究人員震驚。故選C。

（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的Thesixnewlydiscoveredobjectssuggestthattheearlyuniversemayhavebeendevelopingunexpectedlyfasttoproducethesehugegalaxies."（這六個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的天體表明，早期宇宙可能以出人意料的速度發(fā)展，產(chǎn)生了這些巨大的星系。）及劃線詞前的Mostgalaxiesinthiseraarestillsmallandonlygraduallygrowinglargerovertime，...But...（這個(gè)時(shí)代的大多數(shù)星系仍然很小，只是隨著時(shí)間的推移逐漸變大，"澳大利亞斯威本科技大學(xué)的首席研究員伊沃?拉貝說(shuō)。但是）可推斷，fast-trackingtomaturity意為"快速走向成熟"，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Turning

quickly快速拐彎；B.Circling

smoothly順利旋轉(zhuǎn)；C.Travelling

fast快速旅游；D.Growingrapidly迅速生長(zhǎng)。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的UnlikeHubble，thebiggerandmorepowerfulWebbcanseethroughcloudsofdustwithitsinfrared（紅外的）visionanddiscovergalaxiespreviouslyundetected.（與哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡不同的是，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡體積更大、功能更強(qiáng)大，它可以用紅外視野穿透塵埃云，發(fā)現(xiàn)以前未被探測(cè)到的星系）可知，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡比哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡更強(qiáng)大。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的Whatwefoundissounexpectedthatitactuallycreatesproblemsforscienceanditmightcallthewholepictureofearlygalaxyformationintoquestion.（我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是如此出乎意料，它實(shí)際上給科學(xué)帶來(lái)了問(wèn)題，它可能會(huì)讓早期星系形成的整個(gè)圖景受到質(zhì)疑。）以及第六段中的Thesegalaxyobservationswereamongthefirstsetofdatafrom...（這些星系觀測(cè)是價(jià)值100億美元的韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡的首批數(shù)據(jù)之一，該望遠(yuǎn)鏡于一年多前剛剛發(fā)射）及最后一段One

early

lesson

from

Webb

is

to

let

go

of

our

expectations

and

be

ready

to

be

surprised（韋伯給我們的一個(gè)早期教訓(xùn)是，放下我們的期望，準(zhǔn)備好接受驚喜）可知，韋伯望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測(cè)的結(jié)果受到了質(zhì)疑。由此推知，IvoLabbe擔(dān)心第一批數(shù)據(jù)可能不完整。故選A。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的六個(gè)疑似星系。

考查說(shuō)明文。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Iftheinformation-ageeconomydemandsaworkforcewithhighereducation，theUSgovernmentneedstomakethesamedealwithstudentsandtheirfamilies：Anyonewillingtoworkhardandearnthedegreeshouldbeabletoattendcollege--forfree.（如果信息時(shí)代的經(jīng)濟(jì)需要受過(guò)高等教育的勞動(dòng)力，那么美國(guó)政府也需要與學(xué)生及其家庭達(dá)成同樣的協(xié)議：任何愿意努力學(xué)習(xí)并獲得學(xué)位的人都應(yīng)該能夠免費(fèi)上大學(xué)。）可知，作者建議美國(guó)政府今天為合格的學(xué)生提供免費(fèi)高等教育。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的UnderthetermsoftheChicagoStarScholarship...ifastudentatapublichighschoolinMichiganmaintainsaBaverage，thestatewillprovideafreedegreeatalocalcommunitycollege.（根據(jù)芝加哥之星獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的條款如果密歇根州公立高中的學(xué)生平均成績(jī)保持在B，州政府將在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)大學(xué)免費(fèi)提供學(xué)位。）可知，這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金項(xiàng)目惠及的是密歇根州成績(jī)達(dá)到B級(jí)的高中生。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句ChicagoStarScholarshipandChicagoStarPlusarealreadychangingyounglives.（芝加哥明星獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金和芝加哥明星Plus已經(jīng)改變了年輕人的生活。）可知，第三段主要講述的是這些項(xiàng)目在密歇根的意義。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段With

that

basic

bargain

in

mind，Michigan

has

lately

joined

Oregon，Rhode

Island

and

Tennessee

in

experimenting

with

ways

to

make

community

college

free.Under

the

terms

of

the

Chicago

Star

Scholarship，a

program

that

has

already

enrolled

more

than

6，000

students，if

a

student

at

a

public

high

school

in

Michigan

maintains

a

B

average，the

state

will

provide

a

free

degree

at

a

local

community

college.Then，through

another

program

Chicago

Star

Plus，students

who

have

scored

3.0

GPA

are

qualified

to

receive

a

tuition

discount

at

18

of

the

four

year

colleges

located

in

Michigan.（考慮到這一基本交易，密歇根州最近加入了俄勒岡州、羅德島州和田納西州的行列，嘗試讓社區(qū)大學(xué)免費(fèi)。根據(jù)已經(jīng)招收了6000多名學(xué)生的"芝加哥之星獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金"（ChicagoStarScholarship）項(xiàng)目的條款，如果密歇根州公立高中的學(xué)生平均成績(jī)保持在B，州政府將在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)大學(xué)免費(fèi)提供學(xué)位。然后，通過(guò)另一個(gè)項(xiàng)目ChicagoStarPlus，平均分達(dá)到3.0的學(xué)生有資格獲得密歇根18所四年制大學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)折扣。）可知，作者主要是通過(guò)密歇根州的兩個(gè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金項(xiàng)目所產(chǎn)生的積極成果來(lái)支持自己的論點(diǎn)的。故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者認(rèn)為在信息時(shí)代，國(guó)家有義務(wù)為國(guó)民提供免費(fèi)的高等教育。

考查說(shuō)明文。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

16~20.【答案】C、F、B、D、E【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)空前When

I

once

asked

her

why

she

was

so

good

at

consulting，she

was

quick

to

mention

her

body

language.（有一次我問(wèn)她為什么這么擅長(zhǎng)咨詢，她很快就提到了自己的肢體語(yǔ)言。）可知，本空承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹肢體語(yǔ)言。C選項(xiàng)"I

try

to

appear

relaxed

and

avoid

looks

of

shock

or

judgment.我盡量表現(xiàn)得很放松，避免露出震驚或評(píng)判的表情。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本段主題句是You

don't

have

to

fixthe

problem.

（你不需要解決問(wèn)題）；結(jié)合空前People

who

ask

'What

should

I

do？'

often

want

to

process

a

problem

themselves（那些問(wèn)"我應(yīng)該做什么？"的人經(jīng)常想自己解決問(wèn)題。）可知，空前圍繞主題，說(shuō)明你不需要解決問(wèn)題的原因，此處承接上文，具體介紹你該怎么做。你只需要起到幫助作用即可。F選項(xiàng)"You're

a

good

consultant

if

you

can

help

them

fix

the

problem

on

their

own如果你能幫助他們自己解決問(wèn)題，你就是一個(gè)好的顧問(wèn)。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)空格后Forcing

yourself

to

give

advice

when

you

can't

will

do

more

harm

than

good，"

she

said.（當(dāng)你不能給別人建議的時(shí)候，強(qiáng)迫自己給別人建議只會(huì)弊大于利，她說(shuō)。）可知，提出不要強(qiáng)迫自己給別人建議。B選項(xiàng)"You

cannot

give

advice

as

giving

someone

an

order.你不能像給別人命令一樣給別人建議。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。本空為本段的主旨句。根據(jù)本段中的關(guān)鍵句You're

You're

bound

to

hear

about

problems

you

haven't

experienced

firsthand，

（你一定會(huì)聽(tīng)到一些你沒(méi)有親身經(jīng)歷過(guò)的問(wèn)題。）可知，顧問(wèn)會(huì)遇到各種問(wèn)題，而不會(huì)總是同樣的問(wèn)題。D選項(xiàng)"You

don't

need

to

have

the

same

problem

to

be

a

good

consultant.要成為一名優(yōu)秀的顧問(wèn)，你不需要遇到同樣的問(wèn)題。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空格前You're

bound

to

hear

about

problems

you

haven't

experienced

firsthand.That's

why

Jaime

Roberts

says

you

should

let

them

know

that

you're

just

human

beings

with

limited

experience.（你一定會(huì)聽(tīng)到一些你沒(méi)有親身經(jīng)歷過(guò)的問(wèn)題。這就是為什么杰米羅伯茨說(shuō)你應(yīng)該讓他們知道你只是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限的人。）可知，前文指出自己是個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限的人，此處承接上文，說(shuō)明經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限的顧問(wèn)，該如何去做，E選項(xiàng)"But

you

should

let

them

know

you

will

do

your

best

to

understand

them但是你應(yīng)該讓他們知道你會(huì)盡最大努力去理解他們。"符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文章介紹了成為好顧問(wèn)的幾個(gè)技巧。

"七選五"選擇題，主要目的在于考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時(shí)最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1．理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2．在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說(shuō)是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項(xiàng)，得出正確的答案。

21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、C、D、B、D、D、B、A、C、D、C、A【解析】（1）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.expensive昂貴的；B.extraordinary

非凡的；C.new新的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。句意：這是一種非常傳統(tǒng)的咖喱，只有基本的食材，沒(méi)有什么特別的。根據(jù)空后"withthebasicingredients"及下文細(xì)節(jié)可知，這種魚(yú)咖喱飯是比較傳統(tǒng)的，里面沒(méi)啥花哨的食材。故選D。

（2）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.grandmother祖母；B.husband丈夫；C.aunt姑姑；D.neighbor鄰居。句意：然而，這是她仍然住在印度孟買(mǎi)的祖母?jìng)飨聛?lái)的食譜。根據(jù)下文"There，hergrandmawouldcookthiscurryforher."及"...Halarnkarsaidshestill（13）thecurryhergrandmamadeinIndia."可知，她是從外祖母那里學(xué)會(huì)做魚(yú)咖喱的。故選A。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.passedaway去世；B.settleddown定居；C.grewup成長(zhǎng)；D.criedout大聲呼喊。句意：哈拉恩卡現(xiàn)在住在亞利桑那州的尤馬，但她在孟買(mǎi)長(zhǎng)大，她的祖父母住在附近的一個(gè)沿海村莊。根據(jù)空前"HalarnkarnowlivesinYuma，Arizona，but..."可知，她是在孟買(mǎi)長(zhǎng)大的。故選C。

（4）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.nearby附近的；C.busy忙碌的；D.ugly丑陋的。句意：哈拉恩卡現(xiàn)在住在亞利桑那州的尤馬，但她在孟買(mǎi)長(zhǎng)大，她的祖父母住在附近的一個(gè)沿海村莊。根據(jù)下文"'TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.'"可知，外祖母家很近。她幾乎每個(gè)周末都會(huì)去那里吃外祖母做的魚(yú)咖喱。故選B。

（5）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.parties聚會(huì)；B.schools學(xué)校；C.weekends周末；D.gifts禮物。句意：她媽媽會(huì)把她送到祖父母家過(guò)周末。根據(jù)下文"'TheylivedinaneighboringvillageandIwenttherealmosteveryweek.'"可知，外祖母家很近。她幾乎每個(gè)周末都會(huì)去那里吃外祖母做的魚(yú)咖喱。故選C。

（6）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.saddest最傷心的；B.hardest

最困難的；C.strangest最奇怪的；D.best最好的。句意：那是我童年最美好的回憶之一。根據(jù)空后"memoriesIhadaboutmychildhood"可知，這樣的兒時(shí)記憶當(dāng)然是最美好的：跟著外祖母在美麗的海濱捕魚(yú)做咖喱。故選D。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.see看見(jiàn)；B.catch

抓?。籆.raise提高；D.save挽救。句意：我們有一個(gè)美麗而寧?kù)o的海灘，每天早上我們都會(huì)從海里抓魚(yú)。根據(jù)空后"fishfromtheseaeverymorning"可知，跟著外祖母在美麗的海濱捕魚(yú)做咖喱。故選B。

（8）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Days天；B.Weeks周；C.Months月；D.Decades幾十年。句意：幾十年后，咖喱魚(yú)仍然是哈拉恩卡的心頭好，她說(shuō)她的家人在美國(guó)周末聚會(huì)時(shí)總是會(huì)做咖喱魚(yú)。根據(jù)空后"fishcurryisstillthecomfortfoodtoHalarnkar"可知，此處指幾十年后，魚(yú)咖喱飯還能給身處異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)的Halarnkar帶來(lái)莫大的安慰。故選D。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.work工作；B.play玩；C.hunt打獵；D.gather聚集。句意：幾十年后，咖喱魚(yú)仍然是哈拉恩卡的心頭好，她說(shuō)她的家人在美國(guó)周末聚會(huì)時(shí)總是會(huì)做咖喱魚(yú)。根據(jù)空后"atweekendsintheUS"可知，在美國(guó)她的家人周末聚會(huì)時(shí)，也只買(mǎi)魚(yú)做咖喱飯吃。故選D。

（10）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.chicken小雞；B.fish

魚(yú)；C.meat

肉；D.milk牛奶。句意：我們會(huì)去魚(yú)市，買(mǎi)新鮮的魚(yú)，然后做咖喱。根據(jù)空前"We'llgoouttothefishmarket，buyfresh"可知，在美國(guó)她的家人周末聚會(huì)時(shí)，也只買(mǎi)魚(yú)做咖喱飯吃。故選B。

（11）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.recipe

食譜；B.talent天賦；C.house房子；D.thought思想。句意：哈拉恩卡把食譜傳給了她的女兒娜塔莎，她住在圣地亞哥，和哈拉恩卡一樣熱愛(ài)烹飪。根據(jù)空后"toherdaughterNatasha，wholivesinSanDiegoandsharesHalarnkar'sloveofcooking."可知，Halarnkar已經(jīng)把這個(gè)菜譜傳給了自己的女兒。故選A。

（12）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.store商店；B.village村子；C.generation一代；D.guest客人。句意：盡管下一代有了這個(gè)食譜，哈拉恩卡說(shuō)她仍然更喜歡奶奶在印度做的咖喱。根據(jù)空