專題二第3講靶向訓(xùn)練段尾題

專題二 閱讀七選五第3講 段尾題[真題演練]A(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.__36__Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear，butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.__37__Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.__38__Freshfishshouldsmellsweet：youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.__39__Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.__40__First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices調(diào)料()．Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then，it'sreadytoserve.A．Donotbuyit.B．Theeasiestistosteamit.C．Thisishowyoucandoit.D．Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E．Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F．Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G．Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了能買到新鮮的魚的技巧以及一種簡單的做魚方法。36．解析：空格前說“人人都知道吃魚有益健康”，故本空應(yīng)該接上句說吃魚的好處，由此可知選G項“人們認為魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病”。答案：G37．解析：空格前說“買魚、儲藏魚、做魚并不難”，空格后說“本文就是關(guān)于如何買魚并用一種簡單方法做魚的”。綜觀各選項，D項“這只需要一點兒知識”與上下文語意銜接緊密，故為答案。答案：D38．解析：根據(jù)空格后的“smellsweet”可鎖定F項中的smellit。將F項代入空格后，語境為“買魚時，你應(yīng)該先聞一聞。新鮮的魚聞起來不錯”。句意銜接緊密，故答案為F項。答案：F39．解析：空格前說“任何魚腥味或濃烈的臭味都說明這魚不新鮮”，理所當(dāng)然，這樣的魚不能買，故選A項。答案：A40．解析：空格前說“魚有很多普通做法”，空格后開始列舉步驟，由此可推測空格處應(yīng)該是指出眾多方法中的一種。故選B項“最簡單的(方法)是蒸魚”。答案：BB(2016·四川卷)Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.__36__Ingeneral，theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.__37__Betweentheagesofabout12and50，womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility(生育能力)．Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandthebloodflow.Infact，womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.__38__Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample：women，onaverage，getfewercoldsthanmen.__39__Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging，buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman'sbodycellshaveatendency(傾向)toagemoreslowlythanaman's.Othersthinkthataman'sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.__40__A．However，women，onaverage，livelonger.B．Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C．Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D．Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E．Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F．Therefore，womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G．Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章指出，平均而言女人比男人更長壽。其中的原因是什么呢？作者從荷爾蒙、基因等方面給出了解釋。36．解析：空格前說“如今在工業(yè)化國家男人和女人壽命都更長”，而空格后說“大致來說，她們比男人能多活六七年”，根據(jù)邏輯推斷，空格處應(yīng)該選A項“但平均而言，女人壽命更長”。答案：A37．解析：空格前首次提到了荷爾蒙，由此可推測該空應(yīng)該是對hormones進行解釋，故選G項。答案：G38．解析：本段繼續(xù)說女性的身體優(yōu)勢?？崭窈蟮?They是解題關(guān)鍵，綜觀各選項，只有 D項的主語Thefemalehormones可以是they所指內(nèi)容，故選 D項。答案：D39．解析：由空格后的genes可鎖定C項中的femalegenes，代入后，符合語境，可作為本段的主題句，故選 C項。答案：C40．解析：本空位于段落最后，可推測應(yīng)該是前文敘述的總結(jié)?？崭袂罢劻巳藗兊膬煞N想法，E項“最近的研究似乎對這兩種觀點中的這些可能性都予以支持”與語境吻合，故為答案。答案：E[模擬演練]A(2017·太原高三名校聯(lián)考)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58210022)__1__Movingfromhighschoolintocollegecanbeespeciallydifferentbecauseofthefreedomstudentsexperienceincollegealongwithanewsetofexpectations.Inhighschool，studentsusuallyliveathome，andtheirparentstakecareofalltheirphysicalneedssuchasfoodandhousing.__2__Parentsarealsotheretohelpwithandmakesurethatthestudent'shomeworkisdone.Duringtheschoolday，studentsrarelyhavefreetime.Theygodirectlyfromoneclasstoanother.Teachersarealwaysaroundtotellthestudentswhattodo.__3__Sostudentscanoftencompletetheirhomeworkandreadinginashorttime.__4__Theymayberesponsibleforshopping，payingbills，andlaundry.Theyalsomayhavetocooktheirownmeals.Theirparentsarenotaroundtohelpwithhomeworkoreventocheckthatithasbeendone.Contrarytostudentsinhighschool，studentsincollegemayhavealotoffreetimebetweenclasses，butmustdisciplinethemselvestousethistimeproductivelyorhomeworkandotherassignments.__5__A．Studentsdonotusuallyhavetoshopfortheirfood，taketimetopaybills，orevendotheirownlaundry.B．Highschoolstudentshavetoburythemselvesinpilesofpapers.C．Finally，theworkitselfitnotsochallenging.D．Incontrast，incollege，studentsoftenliveawayfromhomeindormsorapartments.E．Incollege，studentsmayapplytoabankloanandotherswilltrytofindpart-timejobs.F．Eachnewlevelofeducationbringsnewchallengesanddemandstostudents.G．Mostimportant，collegerequiresahigherlevelofthinkingandalotmoreworkthanhighschool.【語篇解讀】 文章介紹了高中生活和大學(xué)生活的不同。1．解析：空后句意：由于學(xué)生在大學(xué)體驗的自由以及一系列新的期望，從高中到大學(xué)可能會非常的不同。可知這里 F(每一種新層次的教育都會給學(xué)生帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)和要求。 )符合上下文，故選 F。答案：F2．解析：空前句意：在高中，學(xué)生通常住在家里，父母照顧他們的生活所需。這里對應(yīng)第三段的第二句： Theymayberesponsibleforshopping，payingbills，andlaundry.他們可能要負責(zé)購物，還賬以及洗衣服。可知這里 A(學(xué)生不需要自己買食物，花時間付賬單，甚至自己洗衣服。)符合上下文，故選 A。答案：A3．解析：空前句意：老師們總是在旁邊告訴學(xué)生們該做什么?？蘸缶湟猓阂虼藢W(xué)生經(jīng)常能短時間內(nèi)完成作業(yè)及閱讀。 可知這里C(最后，作業(yè)本身也不是那么的有挑戰(zhàn)性。 )符合上下文，故選 C。答案：C4．解析：文章第一段首先陳述高中生活和大學(xué)生活不同，第二段著重介紹高中生活的特點， 第二段第一句句意：在高中，學(xué)生通常住在家里，父母照顧他們的生活所需。故此段介紹大學(xué)生活的特點，和第二段第一句對應(yīng)的 D(與此相反，在大學(xué)，學(xué)生通常住在遠離家的宿舍或者學(xué)生公寓里。 )符合上下文，故選 D。答案：D5．解析：空前句意：與高中學(xué)生不同，大學(xué)生課間有很多的自由時間，但是必須要鍛煉自己有條理地利用這些時間來做功課和其他的任務(wù)。結(jié)合第二段最后說高中作業(yè)本身不太具有挑戰(zhàn)性，很容易完成?？芍@里G(最重要的是，大學(xué)需要高水平的思維以及比高中更大的努力。)符合上下文，故選G。答案：GB(2017·石家莊高三模擬)Everyonecanbenefitalotfromreadingbooks.Thefollowingisaboutthevariousbenefitsofreadingbooks.__1__Wheneveryoureadsomething，youlearninformationthatyouotherwisewouldn'thaveknown.Itcanbeafactabouthistoryoratheoryyoudidn'tknowexisted.Ifyouwanttolearnnewwords，readingbooksisagreatwaytoenlargeyourvocabulary.__2__Similartosolvingpuzzles，readingbooksallowsyourmindtopracticeitsprocessingskills.Goingwithoutbooksfortoolongwillturnyourmindintoawhirl(混亂)．Oneoftheprimarybenefitsofreadingbooksisitsabilitytodevelopyourcriticalthinkingskills.__3__Whereveryouarefacedwithasimilarprobleminreallife，yourmindisabletoputitsmystery-solvingskillstoatest.Oneoftherealbenefitsofreadingbooksisthattheinformationinitcanbeaccessedoverandoveragain.Forexample，readingacookbookallowsyoutheluxuryofreviewingtheprocedureswheneveryouneedto.__4__Don'teventhinkaboutwritingtheinformationdownbecauseyoumaylosethepaperyouwrotedownonsoonerorlater.Thesearejustsomeofthewonderfulbenefitsofreadingbooks.__5__Ifyoucan'tevengooutside，youcandownloadfreee-booksonlineandreadthemonyourcomputer.Thatway，youcansethowadvantageousreadingcanbeforyourself.A．Readingbookskeepsyourmindactive.B．Youcanimproveyourmemorybyreading.C．Readingbooksprovidesyouwithnewknowledge.D．Followingarecipefromacookingshowwillbedifficult.E．Readingmysterynovels，forexample，sharpensyourmind.F．Readingkeepsyourmindingoodcondition.G．Whydon'tyoudropbythebookstoreorlibraryandpickabookup?【語篇解讀】 本文主要介紹了讀書的好處。1．解析：根據(jù)后一句“Wheneveryoureadsomething，youlearninformationthatyouotherwisewouldn'thaveknown.”(無論你何時讀書，你都能學(xué)到你不知道的知識 )可知這一段是講讀書給你提供新知識，故選C。答案：C2．解析：根據(jù)后一句“readingbooksallowsyourmindtopracticeitsprocessingskills”.(讀書可以鍛煉你的思考技巧 )可知這一段是講讀書使你的大腦保持良好的狀態(tài)，故選 F。答案：F3．解析：根據(jù)后句“Whereveryouarefacedwithasimilarprobleminreallife，yourmindisabletoputitsmystery-solvingskillstoatest.”(無論你現(xiàn)實生活中在何地遇到相同的問題，你的大腦能夠把它的推理技巧運用起來 )，從“現(xiàn)實生活”，“推理技巧”這兩個關(guān)鍵詞可知前一句應(yīng)涉及推理小說，故選 E。答案：E4．解析：根據(jù)前一句“readingacookbookallowsyoutheluxuryofreviewingtheprocedureswheneveryouneedto.”(讀一本烹飪書,,)可知后一句也應(yīng)該是和烹飪書相關(guān)，故選D。答案：D5．解析：根據(jù)前句“Thesearejustsomeofthewonderfulbenefitsofreadingbooks.”和后句“Ifyoucan'tevengooutside，youcandownloadfreee-booksonline”(讀書有這么多好處，如果你不能出去，你可以下載電子書 )，可知空格處應(yīng)是鼓勵你去書店買書。故選G。答案：GC(2017·襄陽高三調(diào)研)Lifestylechangesareaprocessthattakestimeandrequiressupport.HerearefivetipsfromtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationtohelpyoumakelasting，positivelifestyleandbehaviorchanges.MakeaplanthatwillstickYourplanisamapthatwillguideyouonthisjourneyofchange.__1__．Wanttoexercisemore?Detailthetimeofdaywhenyoucantakewalksandhowlongyou'llwalk.Writeeverythingdown，andaskyourselfifyou'reconfidentthattheseactivitiesandgoalsarerealisticforyou.StartsmallAfteryou'veidentifiedrealisticshort-termandlong-termgoals，breakdownyourgoalsintosmall，manageablestepsthatcanbemeasured.Ifyourlong-termgoalistolose20poundswithinthenextfivemonths，agoodweeklygoalwouldbetoloseonepoundaweek.__2__．ChangeonebehavioratatimeUnhealthybehaviorsdevelopoverthecourseoftime，soreplacingunhealthybehaviorswithhealthyonesrequirestime.Manypeoplerunintoproblemswhentheytrytochangetoomuchortoofast.__3__．__4__Whetheritisafriend，co-workerorfamilymember，someoneelseonyourjourneywillkeepyoumotivatedandaccountable.Perhapsitcanbesomeonewhowillgotothegymwithyouorsomeonewhoisalsotryingtostopsmoking.AskforsupportAcceptinghelpfromthosewhocareaboutyouandwilllistenstrengthensyourcommitment.Ifyoufeelunabletomeetyourgoalsonyourown，considerseekinghelpfrompsychologists.Makingchangestakestimeandcommitment，butyoucandoit.__5__．Minormisstepsontheroadtoyourgoalsarenormalandokay.Resolvetorecoverandgetbackontrack.A．FindapartnerB．CommunicatingwithyourfriendsC．Whenmakingyourplan，bespecificD．JustkeepitinmindthatnooneisperfectE．Toimproveyoursuccess，focusononegoalorchangeatatimeF．Bytakingstepsgraduallyyou'llfeelsuccessfulinmeetingyourgoalG．Carefulplanningmeanssettingsmallgoalsandtakingonestepatatime【語篇解讀】 本文是一些建議，幫助人們樹立正確的生活方式和好的行為習(xí)慣，如制定一個能堅持住的計劃， 從小事做起，尋求幫助等。1．解析：空前句意：你的計劃就是指導(dǎo)你改變的地圖?？蘸缶湟猓合胍噱憻拞?？所以這里選 C(在制作計劃時具體一點)。與上下文一致。答案：C2．解析：空前句意：如果你長期的計劃是五個月內(nèi)減二十磅，那么好的目標就是一周減一磅；所以這里選 F(通過一步一步地來，你會很快成功的達到你的目標 )。與上下文一致。答案：F3．解析：空前句意：當(dāng)他們試著改變的過多或者太快時，許多人就遇到了問題。所以這里選 E(為了成功，集中在一個目標上，或者一次改變一個)。與上下文一致。答案：E4．解析：空后句意：無論是一個朋友，同事還是家人，他們在你的旅途中都會是你的動力。所以這里選 A(找一個伴侶)。與上下文一致。答案：A5．解析：空前句意：做改變需要時間和努力，但是你能做到?？蘸缶湟猓涸谀愕哪繕说穆飞襄e上一小步是沒問題的。所以這里選D(只要記住沒人是完美的 )。與上下文一致。答案：DD(2017·江西省九江市十校高三聯(lián)考 )(導(dǎo)學(xué)號58210023)Therulesabouthowtotalk，eatandsit，whicharehighlylimited，areobservedinmostWesternrestaurantsandhomes.__1__ManyWesternershavenoideahowtoactattheChinesedinnertable.Noforksorknivesforthemtouse!TheChinesehostmakesgreat，sweepingarmmovementsthatgooverlargesectionsofthetable，passingoverbothfoodandfriendsalike.__2__However，itleavesmanyforeignersatalossforwhattodo.Inmychildhoodhome，dinnerwasenjoyedwithlowvoices，andthetopicsthatwecoulddiscusswereverylimited.__3__IfIhadtoleavethetabletousethetoilet，IhadtoexcusemyselfwithoutmentioningwhatitwasthatIwasgoingtodo“.MayIbeexcused，please?Ineedtowashmyhands.”Iwouldsay.Mymotherwouldsay，“Sure.”Myfatherwouldoftenplayajokeonmebysaying，“__4__”Asforeating，wediditquietly.Noeatingnoiseswereallowed.Everythingmustbedoneasquietlyaspossible.Ifanysoundwascreatedbyeatingfoodordrinking，itwouldbeconsideredasbadmanners!__5__Heistositupstraightwiththerecessivehand(usuallytheleft)inone'slapholdinganapkinwhilethedominanthand(usuallytheright)holdstheforkorspoon.Theonlytimeoneisallowedtohavebothhandsonthetableiswhenheisusingaknifetocutsomething.A．Howonesitsatthetableisalsoprescribed.B．Wewerenota