2021-2022學(xué)年新高一入學(xué)摸底考試英語試卷(新高考)(山東版)

秘密★啟用前2021—2022學(xué)年新一入學(xué)底考試語試（新高考山東版英語試題筆試注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑需改動(dòng)橡皮擦干凈后選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部

閱讀（兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AStuckathome?famousmuseumsoffervirtualtoursyoucantakeonyoursofa.AccordingtoFastCompany,GoogleArts&Cultureteamedupwithover2,500museumsandgalleriesaroundtheworldbringyouvirtualtoursandonlineexhibits.GuggenheimMuseum,NewYorkGoogle’sStreetViewletsvisitorstourtheGuggenheim’sfamousspiral(螺旋式staircasewithouteverleavinghome.Fromthere,youcandiscoverincredibleworksofartfromtheImpressionist,PostImpressionist,ModernandContemporarytimes.PergamonMuseum,BerlinAsoneofGermany’slargestmuseums,Pergamonhasalotoffer—evenifyoucan’tphysicallybethere.ThishistoricalmuseumishometoplentyofancientworksincludingIshtarGateBabylonand,ofcourse,thePergamonAltar.VanGoghMuseum,AmsterdamAnyonewhoisafanofthistragic,giftedpaintercanseehisworksupclose(or,

almostupclose)byvirtuallyvisitingthismuseum—thelargestcollectionofartworksbyVincentVanGogh,including200paintings,drawings,andover750personalletters.TheJ.PaulGettyMuseum,LosAngelesEuropeanartworksfromasfarbackasthe8thcenturycanbefoundinthisCaliforniaartmuseum.TakeaStreetViewtourtodiscoverahugecollectionofpaintings,drawings,sculptures,manuscripts,andphotographs.ToseemoreofGoogleArts&Culture’scollectionofmuseums,visitthecollection’swebsite.1.Whichonewillyouvisitifyoulikemodernart?A.PergamonMuseum.C.TheJ.GettyMuseum.

B.GuggenheimMuseum.D.VanGoghMuseum.2.WhowillbeinterestedinPergamonMuseum?A.Onewhoisfondoftragicfilms.B.OnewhoenjoysEuropeanartworks.C.OnewholikespaintingsofVanGogh.D.Onewhoisinterestedinancientartworks.3.WhatisspecialabouttheJ.PaulGettyMuseum?A.ItisoneofthelargestmuseumsintheUSA.B.ItisonlyhometoartworksinCalifornia.C.Itincludesformsofartworkstheworld.D.ItexhibitsEuropeanartworksfromthe8thcentury.BSharkattacksinthescreenamazing.That’sbecauseactualchancesofeverbeingattackedbyasharkaremerein11.5million.That’sroughlythesameasyourchanceswinninganOscar,makessharkattacksurvivor,MikeCootsbothincrediblyandlucky:WhenMikewashelosthislegtoasharkbite.“IwasattackedatigersharkinlateOctober1997.ItwasnearmyhomeontheislandofKauai—atypicalfallmorningwithfriends.Thewaveswerereallygood,

sonothingwasstopping”ThatisuntilalargesharkcamerightupunderandsankhisteethintoMikelowerleg.Ashetriedfreehimself,sharkbitdownharder,shakingitsheadbackforthandtossingaroundaragdoll.Mikefollowedinstinct:Hestruckthesharkinface,againandagainuntilthesharkreleasedAsMikeswambackintoshore,herealizedhislowerrightlegwasgone.Mike’sfriendsrushedtohisaid,andsenthimtothehospital.AssoonasMikewaswell,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsiderunthinkable:hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesitehisattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,wascuriouswhywasheattacked?HiscuriosityledhimtoresearchandMikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldhislife:Humansfarmoredangeroussharksthantheotherwayaround.Hissituationasasharksurvivorempoweredhimtogivesharksvoice,Mikesays.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistateauthoritiestohelppassaban(禁令)onshark-derivedproducts.“Ipartneredwithotherlike-mindedsharkattacksurvivorsandmarinebiologists,andweheadedtoWashingtonurge(極力主張)senatorscreateanationwideprotectingsharks.”4.Whydoestheauthorshowthechancesofbeingattackedsharks?A.Toinformreaderssomerelevantknowledge.B.ToshoweveryonethechancewinninganOscar.C.Toattractpeopletowatchsharkattacksinthescreen.D.TohighlightMikeunusualexperienceofthesharkattack.5.HowdidMikesurvivesharkattack?A.Byhittingthesharkhardcontinually.B.Byswimmingdesperatelytheshore.C.Byscreamingloudlyforhisfriendshelp.D.Byshakingheadupanddowntogetaway.6.WhatcamemindwhenMikerodethewavesagain?A.Toovercomehisfearofsharks.B.Tofindoutthereasonforhisbeingattacked.

C.Toprovehumansaremoredangerousthansharks.D.Toresearchonhowsharksattackhumans.7.WhatdidMikedotoprotectsharks?A.Hepassedabanonshark-derivedproducts.B.Heurgedattacksurvivorstoprotectsharks.C.Hetriedtohelptheauthoritiestoprotectsharks.D.HesignednationwidebillinWashington.CToomuchscreentimeforkidscanleadtopoorhealth,theAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)says.AscientificstatementpublishedbytheAHAinthemedicaljournalaidscreentimefromsmartphones,tabletcomputersandotherdevicescanleadkidstoasedentary(于久坐不動(dòng))lifestyle,increasingthepossibilitythattheygrowupasoverweightobese(肥胖的).TheAHAislatestorganizationurgingparentstolimithowmuchtimetheirkidsspendinfrontofscreens.recommendschildrenonetotwohoursofscreentimeeachday.Althoughtelevisionviewingamongchildrenandteenshasdropped,theuseofsmartphonesandtabletcomputershassurged.“Althoughthemechanisms(機(jī)制linkingscreentimetoobesityarenotentirelyclear,therearerealconcernsthatscreensinfluenceeatingbehaviors,mainlybecausechildrendon’tnoticewhentheyarefullwheneatinginfrontofascreen,”saidTracieBarnett,aresearcherattheInstitutArmand-FrappierResearchCentre,inastatement.Barnett,oftheauthorsthestatement,urgesparentstokeepscreensoutofkids’bedrooms,raisingthefearthattoomuchscreentimecanaffectsleep.Manystudieshavewarnedaboutthepotential潛在的)negativeeffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Lastyear,astudyfromresearchersatSanDiegoStateUniversity(SDSU)foundnearlyhalfofteenswhospentfiveormoreinfrontofscreenseverydayexperiencedlongperiodsofhopelessnessorsadness.

Apple,whomakestheiOSmobileplatform,planstointroducenewtoolstodeviceshelpusersbackonscreentime.foriOS12,iPhoneswillincludeascreentimefeaturewhereuserscancontrolandreviewhowtheyspendtimeontheirmobiledevices.AnothercompanythatmakestheAndroidplatformwillintroduce“digitalwellbeing”toolssuchasscreentimelimitsanda“winddown”optiontoencourageuserstoputdowntheirphonesbeforebed.8.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword”inparagraphA.Increasedsuddenly.C.Stayedsame.

B.Decreasedslowly.D.Lostthebalance.9.Howdoscreensinfluencechildren’seatingbehavior?A.Bychangingthetimetheyeat.B.Bychangingtasteforfood.C.Byinfluencinghowfasteat.D.Byinfluencingtheirfeelingoffullness.10.WhateffectdidtoomuchscreentimehaveinSDSU’sstudy?A.Itaffectedchildren’ssleep.C.Itresultedindietproblems.

B.Itledtochildren’sobesity.D.Itnegativelyinfluencedmoods.11.WhatwillAppledodealwiththescreentimeproblem?A.Reduceproducts’batterylife.B.Providescreentimefeature.C.Introduce“digitalwell-being”tools.D.Adda“winddown”optiontoitsproducts.DLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersuselessThegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislature(立法機(jī)構(gòu)tobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoften

seenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakes40%ofallthegrassinLasanditneedsalotwatertosurvive.Grassfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachmetergrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.lastyear,LasVegasarecordof240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoprovidesmuchofNevadadrinkingwater.rivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinothercitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevere苛刻的)forsomeresidents(居民).They’llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it’sapool.Forsomepeople,it’s”12.WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople.C.Toreducewaterusage.

B.Tobeautifycity.D.Toreducewaste.13.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?A.Allowingplantingbeforenewhouses.B.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.C.Praisingthosewhosignedtheprogram.D.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.14.WhatisimpliedinCampbellwordsinthelastparagraph?A.Manyresidents’tfollowtheban.B.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.C.Othermeasuresshouldbetakenprotectwetter.

D.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassB.AMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasC.ChoicesbetweenBeautyPracticeD.GrassIsImportantUselessinLasVegas第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whencomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.16Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.17Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodernsunscreenonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatsunprotectionfactor,orSPF.18Theadvantagesusingsunscreenobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.19Millionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancerbyultravioletrays紫外線).Remembertoapplysunscreenminutesgoingoutside.Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.20Somealsothinkyouonlyneedputitononceawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside—thedaytime,matterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherlike.A.Anditcanevensaveyourlife.B.Sunscreennotexactlyrecentinvention.C.Choosingasunscreen’tassimpleasitusedbe.

D.Indirectsunlight,sunburncanoccurinlessthan15minutes.E.Thisratingisanumberthatshowshoweffectiveasunscreenis.F.It’sbelievedthatyoudon’tneedmuchsunscreenyouhavedarkskin.G.Somethinkagoodmethodistocoverasmuchaspossiblewithprotectiveclothing.第二部

語言運(yùn)（共兩節(jié)，分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、、CD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duringbreakfastthismorning,Iwatchedmyson,Jake,dragthekitchenchairtothecounter廚房案).“Neverdragthechairagain,Jake!”Ishouted.He’sbeendoingthisona(n)21basisforoverayear.Eachtimeweseeithappen,wifeand22thesame—shoutingathimstop.Buteachtimewefeel23thatheisnotlearninglesson.AsIreflectonthisfrequently-occurringscene,I24thatI’vebeenlookingatthissituationinthewrongway.HedragsthechairbecausethechargerfortheiPadisonthe25.HewantstositthereandplaywhilethePadbeing26.Mygoalispreventthefloorfrombeingdamaged27hisgoalistoplaythere.Weactuallybecomea(n)28toeachother,gettingineachother’sway29evenknowingit.Forme,thedeeperinsightcomesfromrecognizinghowquicklyand30IkeepusingmypoweroverhimtogetwhatIwantat31ofwhathewants.Ijustify使正當(dāng)有理thisbehaviorbyremindingmyselfthatIamtheadultandIamteachingson32andkeepinginline.InsteadifItookafewminutesto33whathewanted,Icouldhavemadeachangethat34eachustoachieveourgoals.Whynot35thechargerthelivingroomnexttooursofa?

21.A.single22.A.vote23.A.cautious24.A.expect25.A.sofa26.A.charged27.A.since28.A.stranger29.A.without30.A.sincerely31.A.cost

B.randomB.teachB.disappointedB.imagineB.counterB.restartedB.untilB.barrierB.againstB.secretlyB.request

C.voluntaryC.respondC.nervousC.realizeC.floorC.occupiedC.unlessC.relativeC.byC.repeatedlyC.bottom

D.regularD.functionD.frightenedD.predictD.chairD.programmedD.whileD.attractionD.forD.universallyD.mercy32.A.consequencesB.resistance

C.strategies

D.rules33.A.writedown34.A.allowed35.A.drag

B.thinkaboutB.expectedB.lift

C.searchforC.toldC.throw

D.putawayD.motivatedD.move第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SuzhouisaculturalandhistoricalcityinChina’sJiangsuProvince.Itiscelebratedovertheworlditsclassicalgardens36havebeenaddedthelistofWorldHeritageSites.Theyfirstlaidoutasfarbackthe6thcenturyBCand37(reach)theirtopduringtheperiodfromthe16thcenturytothe18thcentury.Recordsthattherewereovergardensduringtheirgoldenage.Thegardensshowtheimportanceofnatural38(beautiful)inChineseculture.Today,dozensofclassicalgardensarestill39goodcondition,includingtheHumbleAdministratorGarden,which40(have)anareaofsome52,000squaremeters.NoothergardensofSuzhouare41(large)thanit.Itwasoriginallythedwelling(住宅ofLuGuimeng,apoetoftheTangDynasty.42(consider)as“themotherallgardensthesun”,thegarden43(divide)intotheeastern,central,westernandresidentialparts.ThegardensofSuzhouare

44(extreme)elegant(漂亮雅致的)andafeastforthesenses,usedasbothtouristattractions45residentialhouses.Theyalsoaddahumantouchtothenaturaldelights樂趣)ofthegardensthemselves.第三部

寫作（兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是李華，你的美國朋友想選修中文作為外語，為此寫信征求你的意見。請(qǐng)按以下要求給Peter寫一封回信。1.鼓勵(lì)他選修中文；2.中文的魅力（兩點(diǎn)3.學(xué)好中文的意義（兩點(diǎn)注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Finally,thebellrang.“Don’tforgettopracticeyourclasspresentationhome!”MissBellacriedaseveryonestartedtalkingandpackingtheirschoolJessysick.Shehatedhavingreadaloudinclass.Shewassureeveryone