【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module 7 Unit 20 New Frontiers課件 北師大

Module7Unit20

NewFrontiers

重點(diǎn)單詞1.assistvt.幫助，協(xié)助精講拓展assistsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.indoingsth.幫助某人做某事assistsb.todosth.幫助某人做某事詞語辨析help/assist/aid(1)動(dòng)詞help和assist的含義往往相同，但assist較正式，而且總是暗示被幫助者自己也在做一部分工作，若某人處于困境，你幫助他用help，而不說assist。如：Theyhelpedthedrowningman.他們救了那個(gè)溺水的人。(2)aid系正式用語，與help相似，但不經(jīng)常使用。(3)在help，assist后面可以接動(dòng)詞不定式，aid則不能這樣使用。Hehelpedme(to)passmyexam.他幫助我通過了考試。典型例句Amanisassistingpolice(withtheirinquiries)．一名男子協(xié)助警方調(diào)查。[朗文當(dāng)代]Unlesswereceivemorefinancialassistancefromthegovernment，thehospitalwillhavetoclose.如果我們得不到政府財(cái)政上更多的援助，這家醫(yī)院就得停辦。[朗文當(dāng)代]Ourfriendsassistedusinfixingthecar.我們的朋友幫我們修車。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用完成句子①Don’tbenervous.Thepolice________________youinfindingheraddress.不要緊張，警察會(huì)幫你找出她的地址。②LiHua________________________me________myEnglish.李華一直幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。答案：①willassist②hasbeenassisting；with2．wornadj.用舊的，用壞的；疲憊的精講拓展apairofwornbluejeans一條磨破了的藍(lán)色牛仔褲lookwornandsad顯得疲憊憂傷

worn-out(＝extremelytired；exhausted)疲憊不堪的wearglasses戴眼鏡wearone’shairlong/short留長(zhǎng)發(fā)/短發(fā)wearpuzzledexpressions面帶疑惑的表情wearwell(主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義)耐用，耐穿，耐磨典型例句Wewereworn-outfromthelongtrip.長(zhǎng)途旅行之后我們精疲力竭。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]Sheusuallywearsherhairup.她通常都把頭發(fā)梳得高高的。[朗文當(dāng)代]Heworedarkglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.他戴墨鏡以防強(qiáng)烈的陽光刺傷眼睛。[朗文當(dāng)代]詞語辨析wearout/bewornout(1)wearout穿破，用壞；結(jié)構(gòu)為wearout＋n./wear＋pron.＋outHeworeouttwopairsofshoesinonemonth.他在一個(gè)月內(nèi)穿破了兩雙鞋。Hehaswornthemout.他把它們穿破了。(2)bewornout表示狀態(tài)，“穿破了”，用作表語，還可表示“筋疲力盡”，相當(dāng)于beverytired，betiredout。Hisshirtwaswornout，soheboughtanewone.他的襯衫穿破了，所以他買了一件新的。Hewaswornoutafterawholeday’swork.工作一整天后，他十分疲勞。即學(xué)即用③________afteralongwalk，Mikecalledandsaidhecouldn’tcometotheparty.A．HavingwornoutB．BeingwornoutC．TowearoutD．Wornout

解析：句意為：長(zhǎng)距離步行之后十分疲勞，邁克打電話說他不能來參加聚會(huì)了。Havingwornout表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；Beingwornout表示和謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；Towearout不定式表示目的；wornout過去分詞表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，也可以表示狀態(tài)，在此句中表原因，D為正確答案。

答案：D3.issuen．&v.議題，爭(zhēng)論點(diǎn)；(期刊的)期，號(hào)；發(fā)布，公布，發(fā)行精講拓展abig/key/majorissue重要議題makeanissueofsth.挑起爭(zhēng)端beatissueofsth.在審議/爭(zhēng)議中的takeissuewithsb.about/on/oversth.就某事向某人提出異議；就某事向某人爭(zhēng)論issuesth.tosb.向某人宣布某事issuesth.tosb./issuesb.withsth.(正式)發(fā)給(供給)某人某物典型例句Idon’twanttomakeanissueofit.我不想爭(zhēng)論這件事。[朗文當(dāng)代]TheChristmasissueofthemagazinehadapictureofcarolsingersonitscover.圣誕節(jié)那期雜志的封面上刊有唱圣誕頌歌者的照片。[朗文當(dāng)代]Herabilityisnotatissue；it’shercharacterI’mworriedabout.她的能力毫無爭(zhēng)議，我擔(dān)心的是她的人品。[朗文當(dāng)代]Thegovernmentisexpectedtoissueastatementaboutthecrisis.預(yù)料政府會(huì)對(duì)這場(chǎng)危機(jī)發(fā)表一個(gè)聲明。[朗文當(dāng)代]Theyissuedthefiremenwithbreathingequipment.他們發(fā)給消防隊(duì)隊(duì)員氧氣設(shè)備。[朗文當(dāng)代]Hetookissuewithmyviewoftheproblem.他不同意我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的看法。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用翻譯句子④公共教育是這次會(huì)議的最重要的議題之一。__________________________________________________⑤這是一個(gè)重大問題，我們需要花較多的時(shí)間考慮。__________________________________________________⑥錢不是問題。__________________________________________________⑦警方已發(fā)出尋找目擊證人的呼吁。__________________________________________________

答案：④Publiceducationwasoneofthebiggestissuesatthemeeting.⑤Thisisabigissue，weneedmoretimetothinkaboutit.⑥Moneyisnotanissue.⑦Thepolicehaveissuedanappealforwitnesses.4．donatevt.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送精講拓展donatesth.tosb.捐贈(zèng)某物給某人makeagenerousdonation向……慷慨相助

典型例句WeoftendonateclothingtotheRedCross.我們經(jīng)常向紅十字會(huì)捐贈(zèng)衣物。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]Wearecollectingdonationsfortherelieffund.我們?cè)跒榫葷?jì)基金募捐。[朗文當(dāng)代]Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.他們對(duì)慈善事業(yè)慷慨捐助。[朗文當(dāng)代]⑧Asiswellknown，shehas________hlibrary，whichisagreathelptoourschool.A．offerB．donatedC．givenD．supplying

解析：本題考查詞語辨析。句意為：眾所周知，她把她的書本捐贈(zèng)給了圖書館，這對(duì)我們學(xué)校是極大的幫助。

donatesth.tosb.“捐贈(zèng)某物給某人”，故B項(xiàng)正確。

答案：B5．a(chǎn)ssessvt.評(píng)評(píng)價(jià)；；評(píng)估估；評(píng)評(píng)判；；評(píng)定定精講拓拓展assessat估價(jià)價(jià)，核核定assessataxat...核核定稅稅額為為………典型例例句It’’sdifficulttoasse

現(xiàn)在還難以評(píng)價(jià)新法令的效果。[朗文當(dāng)代]

He’ssolazythatit’sdifficulttoassesshisability.

他懶惰得很難對(duì)他的能力作出評(píng)估。[朗文當(dāng)代]

Theyassessedthecostoftheflooddamageat￡1,500.

他們估定洪水造成的損失為1500英鎊。(劍橋高階)詞語辨辨析assess/value/evaluate/estimate(1)assess通常常表示示“估估計(jì)””出某某物的的價(jià)值值，以以便有有效地地利用用它。。(2)value指指“估估計(jì)某某物的的價(jià)值值、價(jià)價(jià)格””，用用于一一般人人所作作的““估計(jì)計(jì)”.(3)evaluate很少少用來來表示示“估估價(jià)””或““估計(jì)計(jì)”某某物的的市場(chǎng)場(chǎng)價(jià)值值，而而是表表示““評(píng)價(jià)價(jià)”。。(4)estimate表示示的““估價(jià)價(jià)”或或“估估計(jì)””只是是猜測(cè)測(cè)，多多多少少少有有些不不準(zhǔn)確確的估估計(jì)，，甚至至只是是一種種想法法。Thevalueofthispropertywasassessedatonemilliondollars.這財(cái)財(cái)產(chǎn)的的價(jià)值值估定定為一一百萬萬美元元。Hevaluedtheringat$80.他他估計(jì)計(jì)這枚枚戒指指值80美美元。。Bymarksinnumbersorletters，，theteacherevaluatesastudent’’swork.老師用數(shù)字字或字母的的符號(hào)來評(píng)評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生的的作業(yè)。Wegottwoorthreeestimatesbeforehavingtheroofrepaired.我們修理屋屋頂之前先先找了兩三三家估價(jià)。。即學(xué)即用⑨Shelookedatthehouseand________itspriceat200,000yuan.A．fixedB．a(chǎn)ccessedC．evaluatedD．a(chǎn)ssessed解析：詞語辨析考考查。fix“修理”；；access入口，進(jìn)入入獲取；evaluate“評(píng)價(jià)”；；assess“估計(jì)”；；句意為：：她看了看看房子估價(jià)為為二十萬元元。答案：D6．rescuevt.&n.拯救；救援援；營(yíng)救精講拓展rescuesb.from將某人人從……中中解救出來來come/gotoone’srescue援救救或幫助某某人典型例句Shediedwhentryingtorescueherchildrenfromtheblaze.她在試圖從從大火中救救出自己的的孩子時(shí)身身亡。[朗朗文當(dāng)代]Hundredsarestillinthewater，waitingtoberescued.數(shù)以百計(jì)的的人仍在水水中，等待待救援。[朗文當(dāng)代代]

Arescueteamistryingtoreachthetrappedminers.

營(yíng)救隊(duì)正設(shè)法到達(dá)礦工被困的位置。[朗文當(dāng)代]

Ididn’tknowanybodyattheparty，butthehostesscametomyrescue(＝helpedmeoutofadifficultsituation)by

introducingmetoafewpeople.

在聚會(huì)上我誰也不認(rèn)識(shí)，但女主人過來救了我的駕，把我介紹給幾個(gè)客人。[劍橋高階]詞語辨析rescue/save(1)rescue多指在直直接的危險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)或禍患中援，一般指救人。(2)save是普通而含義廣泛的常用詞，指通過救援不但使受害者(人、動(dòng)物或物)能脫離危險(xiǎn)或禍患，而且使其在今后能安全地生存下去，有時(shí)可與rescue通用。Hesacrificedhislifetorescueanother.他為了救別人而犧牲了自己的生命。Isavedtheanimalsfromtheflood.我把動(dòng)物從洪水中救了出來。即學(xué)即用Thelifeboatwassentoutto________thesailorsfromthesinkingship.解析：句意為：救生艇已被派出去營(yíng)救沉船中的水手。rescue“營(yíng)救”；prevent“阻止”；protect“保護(hù)”；keep“保持，保存”。通過分析可知A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A⑩7．primitiveadj.原原始的；簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)陋的精講拓展(1)同義義詞：originaladj.最初的，，原始的(2)反義義詞：presentadj.現(xiàn)在的；；modernadj.近代的，，現(xiàn)代的(3)primitive有兩方面面的含義：：①表表示示某某事事物物遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)古古的的。。如如：：Theyfoundaprimitivetoolinthemountain.他們們?cè)谠谏缴缴仙习l(fā)發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)一一件件原原始始工工具具。。②表表示示某某工工具具粗粗糙糙的的、、簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)陋陋的的。。如如：：Thenativesofthatregionstillliveinprimitivestrawhuts.那個(gè)個(gè)地地區(qū)區(qū)的的居居民民依依然然住住在在簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)陋陋的的茅茅草草屋屋里里。。典型型例例句句Primitivemanmadehimselfprimitivetoolsfromsharpstonesandanimalbones.原始始人人用用尖尖石石塊塊和和獸獸骨骨為為自自己己制制作作原原始始的的工工具具。。[朗朗文文當(dāng)當(dāng)代代]Smallseashellswereoftenusedasaprimitivekindofmoney.小貝貝殼殼常常被被用用作作簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)單單的的貨貨幣幣。。[朗朗文文當(dāng)當(dāng)代代]Earlysettlershadtocopewithveryprimitivelivingconditions.早期期殖殖民民者者不不得得不不應(yīng)應(yīng)付付非非常常原原始始的的生生存存條條件件。。[劍劍橋橋高高階階]即學(xué)即用?Livingconditionsinthevillagearestillquite________.A．modernB．primitiveC．theoreticalD．far-reaching解析：本題考查詞語語辨析。句意意為：在這個(gè)個(gè)村莊的生活活條件仍然是非常簡(jiǎn)單單樸素的。modern“現(xiàn)代的”，，primitive“原始的”；；theoretical“理論上的；；假設(shè)的”；；far-reaching“影響深遠(yuǎn)的””。答案：B8．permitvt.允允許，，準(zhǔn)許許精講拓拓展同義詞詞：allowvt.允許許；反反義詞詞：forbidvt.禁止止permitsth./doingsth.允允許某某事/做某某事permitsb.todosth.允允許某某人做做某事事警示誤誤區(qū)：permit的過去去式，，過去去分詞詞須雙雙寫最最后一一個(gè)字母t再加ed，即：：permitted，permitted。它的的現(xiàn)在在分詞為permitting。詞語辨辨析permit/allow/let/promise(1)permit指強(qiáng)強(qiáng)調(diào)權(quán)權(quán)威性性的正正式批批準(zhǔn)。。常用用句型型“permitsb.todosth.””或““permitdoingsth.””。(2)allow意意為““允許許”，，暗含含有默默許，，放縱縱之意意。常常用句句型““allowsb.todosth.”或或“allowdoingsth.””。(3)let指指允許許或無無力阻阻止某某事，，暗指指對(duì)某某事采采取漠漠不關(guān)關(guān)心，，聽之之任之之的態(tài)態(tài)度。。常用用句型型“l(fā)etsb.dosth.””。(4)promise主主語允允諾要要干某某事。。常用用句型型“promisesb.todo/promisethat...”。。注意：：可以以說allow/permitsb.todosth.不不能說說allow/permittodosth.。。類類似似的的動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞還還有有：：advise，，consider，，forbid等等。。Smokingisnotallowedhere.此此處處不不許許吸吸煙煙。。Smokingisnotpermittedhere.此此處處禁禁止止吸吸煙煙。。Thenurseallowedhimtoremainthere，thoughitwasnotpermitted.護(hù)士允許許他呆在在那里，，盡管這這是不允允許的。。Don’’tletyourchildplaywithmatches.別別讓孩子子玩火柴柴。典型例句句Theprisonauthoritiespermitvisitingonlyonceamonth.監(jiān)獄部門門只允許許一月探探監(jiān)一次次。[劍劍橋高階階]Therulesoftheclubdonotpermitsmoking.這個(gè)俱樂樂部規(guī)定定不準(zhǔn)吸吸煙。[朗文當(dāng)當(dāng)代]Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenterwithoutthecorrectpassword.口令不正正確的話話，安全全系統(tǒng)是是不會(huì)讓讓你進(jìn)入入的。[劍橋高高階]I’llcomeafterthemeetingiftimepermits.如果時(shí)間間許可的的話，，我開完完會(huì)就來來。[朗朗文當(dāng)代代]即學(xué)即用用?Thestudentswerenot________toleavetheclassroomwithoutanadequatereason.A．permittedB．a(chǎn)dmittedC．hopeD．promised解析：本題考查查詞語辨辨析。句句意為：：沒有充充分的理理由學(xué)生們不不允許離離開教室室。permitsb.todosth→→sb.ispermittedtodosth.“被允允許做某某事”。。admit意為“承承認(rèn)；允許許進(jìn)入””?？煽梢哉fadmitsb.to/into＋n.但不可可說成admitsb.todosth.故A項(xiàng)正確。。答案：A重點(diǎn)短語語1.inadvance預(yù)先精講拓展展inadvanceofsth.在在……之之前，超超過ontheadvance物物價(jià)在上上漲withtheadvanceof隨著著……的的增加advanceon/towards/upon朝朝……前前進(jìn)advancedinyears年年老的，，年事已已高的典型例句句Napoleon’sarmyadvancedonMoscow.拿破侖的的軍隊(duì)向向莫斯科科推進(jìn)。。[朗文文當(dāng)代]Wehadtopaytherenttwoweeksinadvance.我們不得得不提前前兩周交交付租金金。[朗朗文當(dāng)代代]Shewalkedinadvanceofus，，showingustheway.她走在前面面給我們帶帶路。[美美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用?Weproposethestategovernmenttoallocatemoney________toformtheold--ageinsurancefundtogetherwithpaymentfromotherchannels.A．inparticularB．inallC．．inadvanceD．inreturn解析：句意為：我我們建議國(guó)國(guó)家財(cái)政事事先就直接接撥款，和和其他渠道的的繳費(fèi)一起起共同構(gòu)成成養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)基金。inparticular尤其，特別別；inall總共；inreturn作為回報(bào)；inadvance提前，預(yù)先先，C項(xiàng)符合題意意。答案：C2．takeover接替替，接管精講拓展takeaway拿走，帶帶走；移去去；消除takeback退貨；收收回takedown拿下，取取下；記下下takein吸收收，攝取；；理解，領(lǐng)領(lǐng)會(huì)，欺騙騙takeoff起起飛；脫掉掉，拿去；；取消takeon承擔(dān)擔(dān)；雇用takeup開始始從事，著著手處理Takeiteasy.別緊張。。/別著急急。/慢慢慢來。警示誤區(qū)：takesb.overto...意為“從從一地送某某人到另一一地”，而takesth.over(fromsb.)意為“從某某人手中接接管……””典型例句HetookoverfromthepreviousheadmasterinFebruary.他2月份接接手了前任任校長(zhǎng)的工工作。[劍劍橋高階]I’mfeelingtootiredtodriveanymore，willyoutakeover?我累得開不不動(dòng)車了，，你來接手手好嗎？[朗文當(dāng)代代]Shewastakenonasalaboratoryassistant.她受雇為實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)室助理理。[劍橋橋高階]Ican’tbelieveshewastakeninbyhim.我簡(jiǎn)直不敢敢相信她被被他騙了。。[劍橋高高階]即學(xué)即用?HaveyouheardthatCBSRecordswas______bySony?A．takenawayB．takendownC．takenoverD．takenup解析：句意為：你你聽說哥倫倫比亞廣播播公司的唱唱片公司已已被索尼公司司收購了嗎嗎？takeaway“拿走，帶帶走”；takedown“拿下，記記下”；takeover“接替，接接管”；；takeup“開始從事，，著手處理理”。答案：C3．dieof死死于精講拓展(1)diefrom“由由于……而而死”，表表示由于外外部原因而而死。如：：diefromawound/lackoffood/anaccident/overwork(2)dieof表示示由于某種內(nèi)內(nèi)部原因而死死。如：dieofcold/hunger/oldage/lungcancer/heartdisease/grief(3)dieout逐逐漸消失；絕絕種(4)dieaway減弱(以致致察覺不到)；淡化(5)diedown逐漸減弱，，降低(6)bedyingfor/todo渴望，盼望望警示誤區(qū)：在疾病名稱前前，dieof和diefrom均可。典型例句Shediedofcancer/hunger.她死于癌癥癥/饑餓。[朗文當(dāng)代]Thecomediancontinuedtospeakafterthelaughterdieddown.笑聲過后，那那位喜劇演員員繼續(xù)說臺(tái)詞詞。[美國(guó)傳傳統(tǒng)]Thiscustomhascompletelydiedoutinthearea.這種習(xí)慣在這這個(gè)地區(qū)已經(jīng)經(jīng)完全消失了了。[朗文當(dāng)當(dāng)代]I’mdyingtoseethatmovie.我非常想去看看那部電影。。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~詞填空?Hedied________anaccident.?Thiskindofanimalshasdied________intheworld.?Shedied________oldage.答案：?from?out?of4．ratherthan而不是是精講拓展(1)ratherthan而不不是，在更大大程度上，具具有更充分的的理由(2)ratheradv.在一定程度度上，相當(dāng)，，頗rathercoldweather頗為為寒冷冷的天天氣(rather常常修飾飾貶義義詞)(3)wouldratherdosth.thandosth.寧愿愿做某某事而而不做做某事事或或woulddosth.ratherthandosth.(5)orrather更確切地說，更恰當(dāng)?shù)卣f詞語辨辨析fairly/rather(1)fairly常用用于表表示既既不好好也不不壞的的一些些性質(zhì)質(zhì)。如如：Theweatherwasfairlycold(＝＝cold，，butnotverycold)．天氣有有點(diǎn)冷冷。(2)rather在程程度上上強(qiáng)于于fairly，并并且常常用來來表示示某種種不好好的或或不適適合的的性質(zhì)質(zhì)。如如：It’’srathercold(＝colderthanIwouldlike)．．天氣氣相當(dāng)當(dāng)冷。。不過英英國(guó)人人也可可能IwasratherpleasedwhenIwontheprize.我獲獎(jiǎng)后頗為高興。典型例例句Ratherthancausetrouble，heleft.他不愿愿意惹惹麻煩煩，寧寧可離離去。。[朗朗文當(dāng)當(dāng)代]Hecamehomeverylatelastnight，orratherveryearlyinthemorning.他昨天天夜里里很晚晚才回回家家，，說得得準(zhǔn)確確點(diǎn)，，是是今天天凌晨晨才回回家的的。[朗文文當(dāng)代代]Thejobwilltakemonthsratherthanweeks.完成這這項(xiàng)I’dratherstayhometonight.今晚我寧愿呆在家里。[美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)]即學(xué)即即用完成句句子?I________________________________tomorrow________today.我寧寧愿愿你你明明天天來來，，不不要要今今天天來來。。?Itisthedriverratherthantheoldmanthatshould________________________theaccident.是這這位位司司機(jī)機(jī)而而不不是是這這位位老老人人該該為為這這次次事事故故負(fù)負(fù)責(zé)責(zé)任任。。答案案：??wouldratheryoucame；；than?beresponsiblefor重點(diǎn)句型型1．Bytheyear2015，theclothingindustrywillhaveproducednewtypesofmaterialthatwillremainstainlessnomatterwhatyouspillonthem.精講拓展展(1)bytheyear2015“到“到……時(shí)候”。通常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子中作時(shí)間狀語。分為兩種情況。①by＋表將來的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子用將來完成時(shí)。Byfouro’clocktomorrowafternoon，Iwillhavealreadyfinishedallthework.到明天下午4點(diǎn)，我會(huì)早已干完所有的活兒了。②by＋表過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子用過去完成時(shí)。Bythetimehegothere，Ihadalreadyfinishedallthework.他到這兒的時(shí)候，我已干完了所有的活兒。(2)將將來完成成時(shí)用于于表示到到將來某某一時(shí)間間已經(jīng)完完成的動(dòng)動(dòng)作，結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)：：will＋have＋過過去分詞詞。By2046，thepopulationtherewillhaverisentoover20million.到2046年時(shí)時(shí)，那里里的人口口將會(huì)已已經(jīng)超過過兩千萬萬。即學(xué)即用用?BythetimeMothercamebackfromwork，，I________myhomework.A．finishedB．wasfinishedC．hadfinishedD．willfinishBytheendofthisyear，we________anothertwobuildings.A．willbuildB．．willhavebuiltC．havebuiltD．．willbebuilding答案：?CB21212．Bytheyear2030，，developmentinbiochemistryandmedicalsciencewillhavemadeittheoreticallypossibleforustoliveforatleast150y

精講拓展句中makeittheoreticallypossibleforustolive...所用結(jié)構(gòu)是：“makeit＋形容詞＋forsb.todosth.”，“使某人做某事很……”。其中的代詞it作形式賓語，指代真正的賓語：不定式短語tolive...。由于真正的賓語太長(zhǎng)，故將其后置，而以it代之。需注意的是，形式賓語只能用it充當(dāng)，不可用別的指示代詞。而用介詞for可以引出不定式動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語.Generationgapmakesithardforparentsandchildrentounderstandeachother.代溝使父父母與孩孩子之間間相互難難以理解解對(duì)方。。Toomanynewwordsmakeitdifficultforustounderstandthepassage.太多的生生詞使我我們難以以理解這這篇短文文。根據(jù)句子子需要，，該結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)中的形形容詞可可用比較較級(jí)。如如：TheInternetmakesiteasierforustolearnabouttheworld.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)讓我們們了解世世界變得得容易多多了。Cellphonesmakeitmoreconvenientforpeopletogetintouchwitheachother.手機(jī)使人人們聯(lián)系系更方便便了。即學(xué)即即用Thebadweathermade________impossibleforustogocamping.A．thatB．itC．thisD．whatNotknowingEnglishmade________hardtoliveintheUSA.A．itB．thatC．whichD．．this答案：BA22233．IntheWestmagnetismwasnotdiscovereduntilthefifteencentury.精講拓拓展until““直到到………”在在句中中作介介詞，，與表表時(shí)間間的thefifteencentury構(gòu)成介詞詞短語語；until也可可作連連詞，，引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)一個(gè)個(gè)時(shí)間間狀語語從句句。until的用用法分為為兩種種情況況。(1)用于于肯定定句中中時(shí)，，指謂謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞所所表示示的動(dòng)動(dòng)作或或狀態(tài)態(tài)一直直延續(xù)續(xù)到until所表表示的的時(shí)間間為止止，因因此謂謂語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞要要用延延續(xù)性性動(dòng)詞詞。WorldWarⅡⅡwentonuntilJapandeclaredunconditionalsurrender.第二次次世界界大戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)一直直持續(xù)續(xù)到日日本宣宣布無無條件件投降降為止止。(肯定定句，，wenton延續(xù)續(xù)性動(dòng)動(dòng)詞)Shewassickinbeduntilyesterday.她一直直生病病臥床床休息息到昨昨天為為止。。(肯肯定句句，wassickinbed表狀狀態(tài)，可可延續(xù)續(xù))(2)用于于否定定句中中，指指謂語語動(dòng)詞詞所表表示的的動(dòng)作作一直直沒有有發(fā)生生，直直到until所表表示的的時(shí)間間才發(fā)發(fā)生，，謂語語動(dòng)詞詞常用用瞬間間動(dòng)詞詞。Shedidn’’tgotobeduntil12o’clock.她她直到到12點(diǎn)才才上床床睡覺覺。即學(xué)即即用翻譯句句子他在加加利弗弗尼亞亞一直直住到到20歲。。________________________________________________________________________直到聽聽到鬧鬧鐘的的鈴聲聲我才才醒來來。________________________________________________________________________答案：HelivedinCaliforniauntilhewastwenty.Ididn’’twakeupuntilIheardthealarmclock.2425名師原創(chuàng)1．．________herpersonalroom，，shehasanothertrailer(活活動(dòng)動(dòng)住房房)whereherteacher，，Jan，，conductsclassesinhistory，，spelling，，reading，，maths，，scienceandhealth.A．．InadditionB．．InadditiontoC．．BesideD．．Except解析析：本本題題考考查查詞詞語語辨辨析析。。句句意意為為：：除除了了她她的的私私人人住住房房外，，她她還還有有另另外外一一間間…………。。inadditionto“除除了了…………之之外外還還有””，，相相當(dāng)當(dāng)于于besides。。答案案：B2．．IwaslookingforsomewaysthatwouldpermitMax________hisfeelings.A．．showingB．．showedC．．toshowD．．show解析析：本題題考考查查非非謂謂語語動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞。。句句意意為為：：我我在在尋尋找找讓讓Max表露露感感情情的的方方法法。。permitsb.todosth.；；permitdoingsth.為固固定定搭搭配配。。答案案：C3．．Theyoungnursewasverynervouswhenshe________inherfirstoperation.A．．resistedB．．insistedC．．diseasedD．．a(chǎn)ssisted解析：考查動(dòng)詞搭配配。句意為：：那位年輕的的護(hù)士在協(xié)助做第一項(xiàng)手手術(shù)時(shí)非常緊緊張。A項(xiàng)為“抵抗””；B項(xiàng)為“堅(jiān)持”，與與題意不符；；C項(xiàng)為形容詞；；D項(xiàng)為“幫助，，協(xié)助”，故選選D。答案：D名詞性從句ⅢⅢ(略)語法專練1．Shehadnoidea________CorkStreetwas，except________itwasnearBondStreet.A．what；whatB．that；thatC．where；whatD．where；that解析：句意為：她不不知道CorkStreet在哪兒，除了了知道在BondStreet附近。第一空空是idea的同位語從句句，根據(jù)意思用where；第二空是介介詞except后的賓語從句句，不缺內(nèi)容，可可用that引導(dǎo)，故選D。答案：D2．Theargumentremainsextremelyheated________itisworthwhileforChinatoopenitsdoortoforeigncars.A．thatB．whichC．ifD．whether解析：句意為：有關(guān)關(guān)中國(guó)是否值值得為外國(guó)汽汽車敞開門戶這一問題仍仍在激烈的爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)論中。whether引導(dǎo)同位語語從句，解釋說說明argument的內(nèi)容。答案：D3．Sofarthereisnoproof________peoplefromotherplanetsdoexist.A．howB．whatC．whichD．．that解析：考查同位語從從句。句意為為：到目前為為止，沒有證證據(jù)證明其他行星星上存在人類類。proof意為“證據(jù)””，后面常接接由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的同位語語從句，表示示proof的內(nèi)容。答案：D4．Chancesarehigh________ChinaandRussiawillmakeanagreementtobuildanoilpipeline.A．whenB．whereC．．thatD．．which解析：此題考考查同同位語語從句句。that引導(dǎo)Chances的一個(gè)個(gè)同位語語從句句，that在從句句中不不作成成分。。句意意為：：中俄俄兩國(guó)達(dá)成成要建建立一一條輸輸油管管道的的協(xié)議議的可可能性性是很很大的。答案：C5．Thestoryspreadquicklyamonghisfriends________Tomhadlivedonadesertislandforoverfiveyearsaftertheplanecrashed.A．ifB．thatC．whatD．a(chǎn)s解析：此題考考查同同位語語從句句。that引引導(dǎo)同同位語語從句句時(shí)，只起連連詞的作用用，不在從從句中作成成分；that引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)時(shí)，不僅起起連詞的作作用，還要要在從句中中作主語或賓語。。而此題中中that引導(dǎo)的從從句Tomhadlivedonadiesertislandforoverfiveyearsaftertheplanecrashed.中不缺主語語，也不缺缺賓語，所所以是一個(gè)個(gè)同位語從句，解釋釋說明story的內(nèi)容。答案：B6．Iwassurprisedbyherwords，whichmademerecognize________sillymistakesIhadmade.A．whatB．thatC．howD．．which解析：句意為：我我對(duì)她的話話很吃驚，，它使我認(rèn)認(rèn)識(shí)到我犯犯了多么愚蠢的錯(cuò)錯(cuò)誤。本題題測(cè)試賓語語從句連接接詞的用法法。從句表表感嘆，中心詞詞為名詞，，所以選A項(xiàng)。答案：A7．Oneofthemenpresentheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.A．whatthatB．whatC．thatD．thatwhat解析：that引導(dǎo)同位語語從句，whatthebooksaid是同位語從從句中的主語語。答案：D8．Thedoctorsaretryingtoreducethepatient’sfear________hewoulddieofthedisease.A．whichB．whenC．．thatD．if解析：考查以that引導(dǎo)的名詞性性從句作fear的同位語，在在從句中不充當(dāng)成成分。答案：C9．Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.A．whicheverB．howeverC．．whateverD．whenever解析：句意為：這個(gè)個(gè)可憐的年輕輕人愿意接受受他能得到的的任何幫助。whatever引導(dǎo)accept的賓語從句，，whatever意為“無論什么”，作作定語修飾help。答案：C10．Astorygoes________ElizabethⅠⅠofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A．whenB．whereC．whatD．that解析：句意為：據(jù)說說英國(guó)的伊麗麗莎白一世只只喜歡在宮廷廷中被聰明能干的的貴族們圍繞繞本題主句為為Astorygoes“據(jù)說”，that從句作story的同位語。答案：D11．Wordcamesoon________ourteamwonthegameatthelastmoment.A．thatB．whatC．whetherD．which解析：word前不加冠詞詞，當(dāng)“消消息”講。。that引導(dǎo)的同位位語從句是word的具體內(nèi)容容，that僅起引導(dǎo)作作用，不充充當(dāng)成分，而B、D兩項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)同同位語從句句時(shí)需充當(dāng)當(dāng)成分。答案：A12．Ihavethesameopinionasyours________weshouldcarryouttheplanatonce.A．whichB．whetherC．whatD．that解析：that引導(dǎo)同位語語從句具體體說明opinion的內(nèi)容。答案：D13．Thenewscame，，asexpected，，________mycousinwaschosentobeaforeignaiddoctortogotoAfricawherepeoplearesufferingalotfromAIDS.A．itB．thatC．whatD．which解析：句意為：我我的表兄被被選為援外外醫(yī)生，前前往很多人人遭受艾滋病病之痛的非非洲，這個(gè)個(gè)消息正如如我們預(yù)期期的那樣到來了。that引導(dǎo)同位語語從句，先先行詞為thenews，它們之間存在在同位關(guān)系系。答案：B14．Doyouhaveanyidea________TVplayssuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?A．whyisitthatB．howitisthatC．．whywasitD．．whenitwasthat解析析：由時(shí)時(shí)間間狀狀語語inourdailylife可以以確確定定時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)是是一一般般現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)態(tài)，，C，，D兩項(xiàng)項(xiàng)不不對(duì)對(duì)，，再再由由語語序序可可知知A項(xiàng)不不對(duì)對(duì)。。howitisthat...作idea的同位位語。。答案：B15．．Thereisacommonbeliefamongus________rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.A．thatB．whichC．．whetherD．if解析：that引導(dǎo)同同位語語從句句，說說明belief的內(nèi)容容。答案：A1．Itwaswithgreatjoy________hereceivedthenews________hislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A．because；whenB．which；thatC．since；howD．that；；that解析：第一空空填that，構(gòu)成成強(qiáng)調(diào)調(diào)句型型，被被強(qiáng)調(diào)調(diào)成分分為withgreatjoy；第二二空也也填that，用以以引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)同位位語從從句，，修飾飾名詞thenews。本句句意思思為：：他是是非常常高興興地得得知他他失蹤蹤的女兒兒被找找到這這一消消息。。答案：D2．Aftertheterribleaircrash，，thefewsurvivorshappenedtoarriveat________laterprovedanisolatedisland.A．whenB．whatC．whichD．．that解析：考查介介詞at之之后的的賓語語從句句的引引導(dǎo)詞詞。分分析句句子成分分，發(fā)發(fā)現(xiàn)所所選的的詞應(yīng)應(yīng)在引引導(dǎo)賓賓語從從句的的同時(shí)時(shí)在賓賓語從句句中又又充當(dāng)當(dāng)主語語，what符合語語境。。句意意：在在可怕怕的空難難過后后，幾幾個(gè)幸幸存者者后來來發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)他們們到了了后來來證實(shí)實(shí)是一個(gè)個(gè)荒島島的地地方。。答案：B3．——HaveyougotusedtotheChinesefood，，Robot?—Yes.ButIdon’’tlike________whenaChinesehostkeepsservingmethefoodIdon’tlike.A．thisB．．thatC．thoseD．it解析：it作作形