2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：語法專題主謂一致課件 15張

主謂一致

shuang一、概念：句子的謂語動(dòng)詞形式要和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

三大原則：1.語法一致原則：看形式，主單謂單，主復(fù)謂復(fù)2.就近一致原則：看距離，謂語動(dòng)詞形式取決于離它最近的名詞或代詞3.意義一致原則:看思想，意單謂單，意復(fù)謂復(fù)什么叫主謂一致？由not...but...(不是...而是...),notonly...butalso...(不僅...而且...)，either...or...（要么...要么...),neither....nor....（既不...也不...)連接的并列主語，以及therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用就近原則，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于離它最近的名詞。eg:NeitherhenorIamfromCanada.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherknowssomethingaboutit.Oneortwodaysareenoughtofinishthisgrammar.一、就近原則1.EitheryouorI

(be)wrongEitherIoryou

wrong.2.Thee

(be)abookandsomepensonthedesk.There

(be)somepensandabookonthedesk.3.Notonlyyoubutalsohe

(be)toblame.Bothyouandhe

toblame.4.NotnolyIbutalsoJaneandMary

(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.5.NeithrInormymother

toAmericabefore.A.hasbeen B.hasgone C.havebeen D.havegonehave/hasbeento去過某地（人已回來）have/hasgoneto去了某地（人未回來）一起做題吧！一、就近原則A+like（像，例如）/aswellas（也，和）+B+謂語動(dòng)詞的形式與A保持一致besides/inadditionto/but/except（除了）with/alongwith/togetherwith（和，一起）

ratherthan（而不是）including（包括）二、就遠(yuǎn)原則有題有真相：1.Everyone

exceptTomandJohnwas(be)therewhenthemeetingbegan.2.Dr.Smith,

togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter,is(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.3.LiMing

aswellashisfriendsknows(know)thefact.三、謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)的情況1.“名詞+and+名詞”表示同一人，同一概念幾人幾冠Awriterandeducatorisgivingalecturenow.

Awriterandaneducatorare...Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.

英漢英漢ironandsteel鋼鐵breadandbutter黃油面包warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平acartandhorse一輛馬車earlytobedandearlytorisegoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly早睡早起ateacherandwriter一個(gè)老師兼作家2.and連接的兩個(gè)名詞前有manya,each,every,no修飾時(shí)。eg.(Eachmanand

eachwoman)hastheright權(quán)利tovote投票.

每一個(gè)人

EverydoctorandeverynursewasgivenanewT-shirt.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistake.(Novoiceandnonoise）

isheard.3.形單意復(fù)

manya許多+C單

morethanone不止一個(gè)+C單1.Eithersideofthestreet

sometrees.A.isplanted B.isplanting C.areplanted D.areplanting2.sidesofthestreetareplantedsometrees.A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All3.Morethanone

thebook.A.student,hasread B.students,hasreadC.student,haveread D.students,haveread4.Morethantwo

thebook.A.student,hasread B.students,hasreadC.student,haveread D.students,haveread1.Theteacherandwriter

(be)fromHunan.2.Theteacherandthewriter

(be)fromHunan.對(duì)比一下吧！腦子不用會(huì)生銹的！4.復(fù)合不定代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)。Note:what從句作主語時(shí)，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由表語決定。eg:Nothing

isimpossible.一切皆有可能！

Tobeacollegestudentismydream.成為一名大學(xué)生是我的夢(mèng)想。

Walking

isagoodwayofexercise.走路是一種鍛煉的好方式。

（Whathesaid）hasbeenrecorded.他所說的已經(jīng)被記錄下來了。WhatIwantisaninterestingbook.Whathewantsaretwointerestingbooks.(be)

5.以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)，如mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))，physics(物理),politics(政治).eg:Ithinkmathematicsisnoteasytolearn.

6.等式作主語時(shí)eg:9*2=1840÷8=5等于：is/equals/isequalto/makes三、謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)的情況

7.當(dāng)作主語的時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作為一個(gè)整體時(shí)。eg:Oneandahalfhours

is

enoughformetofinishEnglishpaper.

一個(gè)半小時(shí)onehourandahalf

300￥isenoughforthenewcoat.Twentymilesisalongway.三、謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)的情況1.both...and...“兩者都”作主語時(shí)Bothhismotherandhisfatheraredoctors.Notonlyhismotherbutalsohisfather

isdoctor.2.“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表“...一家人”“...夫婦”作主語時(shí)TheSmithsarehavingsuppernow.3.“the+adj”表“一類人”作主語時(shí),如：theold老人，theyoung年輕人，thesick病人TheoldaretakengoodcareofinChina.takecareof照顧takecare小心，注意注意:the+adj表示抽象概念時(shí)，謂v用單數(shù)：

Theoldissuretoberepalcedbythenew.舊事物一定會(huì)被新事物所代替。

四、謂語動(dòng)詞只能用復(fù)數(shù)的情況1.集合名詞

五、其他

集體名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)整體單數(shù)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體成員復(fù)數(shù)常見的集體名詞：class,family,army（軍隊(duì)）,team,crowd人群,majority（大多數(shù)）,minority(少數(shù)），

public,group,committee（委員會(huì)）等eg:Myfamily

allmusiclovers.Myfamily

fullofloveandwarmth.Class19445

abigfamily.Theclass

listeningtotheteacher.集合名詞cattle牛，folk人們，people人們，police警察，youth青年，crew全體船員作主語時(shí)，謂v只能用復(fù)數(shù)。eg:Thepolicearehelpingagirltofindhermother.Cattlearefarmers’friends.oneof+Cpl.+定語從句從句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)theonlyoneof+Cpl.+定語從句從句謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)前提條件：先行詞在從句中作主語。引導(dǎo)詞？that、who、which1.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho

(wear)eveningdress.2.Those（who

(have)seenthefilm）pleaseputupyourhands.3.Theman（who

(be)standingunderthattree）ismyfather.4.Heisoneofthebest

who

threelanguages.A.student.master B.students,masterC.student,masters D.students,masters5.Heistheonlyoneofthebest

who

threelanguages.A.student.master B.students,masterC.student,masters D.students,masters

四、其他

2.定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式取決于先行詞練

習(xí)

題

四、其他(這也全部寫）3.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞作主語，其單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其修飾詞。

eg:Everym