虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現(xiàn)的假設(shè)

TheSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現(xiàn)的假設(shè),該語法主要用于if條件狀語從句,也可用于主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。通常有三種情況：①與過去事實相反。②與現(xiàn)在事實相反。③與將來事實可能相反。虛擬語氣條件從句條件從句的謂語形式主語的謂語形式與過去相反IfI(you,he/she,they,we)+had+過去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞例：IfIhadcomeheryesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.如果我昨天來，就會看見他了。

Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早一點起床，就會趕上火車的。

與過去相反Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycouldhavedoneiteasilythatday.1.如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，那天干的就會容易些。2.如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會干得這樣好。Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldn‘thavedoneitmuchbetterlikethis.IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegoneIfhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

IfIhowtoswim,Itrappedinthisisland.hadlearnt

wouldnothavebeen

Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,

themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間,這時主從句位于動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同,這叫做混合條件句.例句中從句與過去事實相反,主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwould

knowwhattodonow.條件從句條件從句的謂語形式主語的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在相反IfI(you,he/she,they,we)+動詞過去式should/would/could/might+動詞原形例：IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.hadHIVwouldfeelwerewouldbe與現(xiàn)在相反Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.IfI____ateacher,I…….were條件從句條件從句的謂語形式主語的謂語形式與將來相反IfI(you,he/she,they,we)+動詞過去式IfI(you,he/she,they,we)+should+動詞原形IfI(you,he/she,they,we)+wereto+動詞原形should/would/could/might+動詞原形1.Iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime,Icouldtrymybest.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.3.Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.與將來相反如果你成成功了，，一切都都會好起起來。Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontimewishInSubjunctivemood虛擬語氣氣的特殊殊用法：：1IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.wish+did(與事實相反的情況,

)+haddone(與過去事實相反)+would/could/might+do(將來不大可能實現(xiàn)的愿望)另外DemandSuggestOrderProposeRequestCommandInsist…etc+(should)do表示愿望望、建議議、命令令、請求求等2asif/asthoughdid與現(xiàn)在事實相反的haddone與過去事實相反或想象的事物Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.)HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.主語從句中的虛擬語氣氣在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....”中，that后面面的從句中的的謂語動詞用用：should+動詞原形形[例句]It’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.

我們有有必要出去散散散步。It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.

她這這樣做是很自自然的。It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重重要的是是我們要照顧顧好病人。3虛擬語氣幾個特例1.ifonly意為：若是...那該多多好啊;真真希望...;只要,只要...就好表示現(xiàn)在的情情況,應(yīng)用過過去式;如如果是過去的的情況,應(yīng)用用過去完成時時態(tài)IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidn’tdrivesofast.2.It’s(high/right)timethat…that從從句要用虛擬擬語氣：過去時或should+doIt’stimethatyouleft/shouldleavehere.3.一些介詞短語語,如:butfor(要不是是),without,otherwise(否則),等表示含蓄的條條件,這時主主句要用虛擬擬語氣Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.Butformybrother'shelp,Iwouldnothavefinisheditontime.Ihadtodosth.moreimportant,otherwiseImighthavehelped.虛擬語氣幾個特例Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottakeB.shouldn’thavetakenC.didn’ttakeD.hadn’ttakenExercises√√3.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得飽),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget4.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been√√5.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken√√7.(2002上海高考題題)ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall√8.Ifit________sohard，，we’dgototown.A.isn’trainingB.weren’trainingC.doesn’trainD.hasrain9.IwishI________youyesterday.C.hadseenD.weretosee√√10.Hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe________toyourplan.A.didn’tagreeB.hadn’tagreedC.wouldn’tagreeD.notagree11.Thefatherinsistedhisdaughter________arichman.A.wouldb