人教版英語(yǔ)選修九 unit 2 sailing the oceans(warming up)(課件) (共55張ppt)

Unit2SailingtheOceansWarmingupWhatisthedifferencebetweenanavigator[?n?v?ge?t?(r)]andanexplorer?Anavigatorexplores________.Anexplorerdiscoversnewplaces_________.theseaonlandCanyouidentifytheseearly

navigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?compass['k?mp?s]astrolabe

[??str?le?b]

星盤Theastrolabemeasurestheheightandpositionofthesun.Fromthisacaptaincantellwheretheboatisintheocean.nautical[?n?:t?kl]chart航海圖Nauticalchartsaremapsofthedepthoftheseaandthecurrentsoftheoceans.SailingtheOceansR寫出下列單詞的變化形式1．仁慈，憐憫n.________；仁慈的adj.___________2．探險(xiǎn)，探測(cè)v.________；探險(xiǎn)，探測(cè)n.________3．最小的_________；最大的____________4．安全的，可靠的adj.________；安全，保證n.__________；5．參考，查閱v.______；參考，提及n.________6．精確的，準(zhǔn)確的adj._________；

精確度，準(zhǔn)確性n._______mercymercifulexploreexplorationminimummaximumsecuresecurityreferreferencepreciseprecisionR寫出下列單詞的變化形式7．簡(jiǎn)單化，單一化v.________；簡(jiǎn)單的adj.______；

8.趨向，傾向n._________；傾向，趨向v.________9.依賴，依靠v._________；可靠的，可信賴的adj.________；信任，依賴n.__________10.生存，幸存v._________；生存，幸存n.________11.挨餓v._________；餓死n.___________12.心理學(xué)n._________；心理上的adj.__________

心理上地，心理學(xué)地adv.____________

simplifysimpletendencytendrelyreliablereliancesurvivesurvivalstarvestarvationpsychologypsychologicalpsychologicallyR寫出下列單詞的變化形式13．逐漸的，逐步的adj.________；逐漸地adv.___________；

14.預(yù)見，預(yù)知v._________；15.渴，口渴n._________；口渴的adj.________；gradualgraduallyforesee—foresaw—foreseenthirstythirstDiscussionofthestructurePart1IntroductionPart2Usingnaturetohelp(celestialbodies,wildlife,theweather,thesea)Part3Usingnavigationalinstrumentstohelp(findinglongitudeandlatitude)Paragraph1R1.很可能R2.標(biāo)出船只的位置R3.voyageR4.任憑海洋擺布R5.導(dǎo)航設(shè)備/航海技術(shù)15Paragraph1Wemaywellwonderhowseamanexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitude.R1很可能★well:adv.(用于can,could,may,might之后)肯定，可能，有理由e.g.Theseareexcellentphotographs，andwemaywellusetheminourmagazine.

這些是很不錯(cuò)的照片，我們很有可能把它們用在我們的雜志上。maywellR2.標(biāo)出(確定)船只的位置

plotaship’sposition(onamap)R3.任憑海洋擺布

atthemercyoftheseaR4.導(dǎo)航的輔助手段/設(shè)備/航海技術(shù)

navigational

[?n?v?'ɡe???nl]

aid/skill(vi/vt)航海，航空

navigate

['n?v?ɡe?t]

（n.）航海，航空

navigation[?n?v??ge??n]

（n.）航海家,駕駛員

navigator

[?n?v?ge?t?(r)]Thevoyagesoftravellersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthat//theywerenotatthemercyofthesea//eventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.17世紀(jì)以前的航海記錄顯示，即使沒有現(xiàn)代航海技術(shù)的幫助，他們也沒有任憑海洋擺布。(1)

voyage

n./vi.

航海,航行過去從英國(guó)航行到印度要六個(gè)月。ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.goon/make/takeaseavoyage去航海旅行voyagern.航行者,航海者tripajourneytoaplaceandback,especiallyforashortvisit公務(wù)或游玩的短程、短程旅行journeyanactoftravelingfromoneplacetoanother,especiallywhentheyarefarapart.時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)途旅行travel/U/thegeneralactoftraveling抽象概念，泛指旅行的行為travelsseveraljourneystootherplacesorcountries,especiallyfaraway漫游，海外旅行voyagealongjourneyespeciallybyseaorinspace水上或空中旅行tourtheactofwalkingaroundatown,building…ajourneymadeforpleasureduringseveraldifferenttowns,countriesarevisited.周游或巡回比賽,演出等1.Theyhavegoteverythingreadytomakea_______acrosstheAtlantic.2.Theycamebackhomeafteryearsofforeign_________3.Myfatherisonabusiness_______now.4.Shehasadreamoftakingaround-the-world_______.5.The_______waslonganddifficult.voyagetraveltriptourjourneyR(2)atthemercyofunderthecontrolofsb/sth;inthepowerofsb/sth由……支配。例如：

R.他們?cè)诤Ｉ厦月妨?，任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。Theywerelostatsea,__________________________________.

R.我不喜歡在這樣一個(gè)男人的擺布下工作。Idon’tliketowork____________________/Idon’tliketowork____________.atthemercyofwindandweatheratthemercyofsuchamanathismercyhavemercyon/showmercyto對(duì)……表示憐憫Theterroristsshowednomercytothehostages.withoutmercy毫不留情地Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospitalwithoutmercy.It’samercy(that)(口)幸運(yùn)的是,幸虧(用于表示更遭的情況得以避免總算是幸運(yùn))a.It’samercytheaccidenthappenedsonearthehospital.b.幸運(yùn)的是她傷的不重____________________________________It’samercy(that)shewasn’tseriouslyhurt.Sentence:Latitudeandlongitude

madeitpossibletoplotaship’spositiononamap.[P1]

經(jīng)緯度的使用使得人們得以在地圖上標(biāo)繪出(確定)船只的位置。makeitpossibletodosth.使做…成為可能e.g.Spaceshipmakesitpossible

totraveltothemoon.R宇宙飛船使去月球旅行成為可能。Themusicmadeitpossibleforyoutofallasleep.R音樂使你能夠入睡。26Page1R.冒最小的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

carrytheminimumamountofriskminimum:adj.最小的,最低的n.最小值e.g.他沒費(fèi)什么勁就通過了考試。

Hepassedtheexamswith_____________________________.(opp.)

Youhavetodevelopyourcapabilitiestothe

maximum.你必須盡你所能。maximum:adj.最高的,最多的

n.最大量,最大限度theminimumamountofeffort27celestial

bodies[s??lesti?l]天體北極南極北極星

(在)赤道沿著地平線★horizon:n.地平線;(知識(shí),思想等的)范圍,視野e.g.Icouldseeashiponthehorizon.

我可以看見地平線上有一艘輪船。

R開闊視野

widen/broadenone’shorizon(at)theNorthPole(at)theSouthPoletheNorthStar(at)(the)equator[??kwe?t?(r)]alongthehorizon[h??ra?zn]284.熟練的航海家（造詣深的）

accomplishednavigators=experienced

5.中午/正午時(shí)分

atmidday/atnoon

黎明/破曉時(shí)分

atdawn/sunrise/daybreak

傍晚/薄暮時(shí)分atdusk/sunset/skillful296.特殊的云層

aspecialcloudformation

★

formation:形成物,已形成的東西e.g.Cloudsareformationsoftinydropsofwaterinthesky.

云是由空中極細(xì)微的水滴構(gòu)成。

307.在附近8.根據(jù)顏色和氣味來(lái)判斷

tellbythecolourandsmell9.筑巢而居的小鳥

nestingbirdsBird’sNest（鳥巢）10.在遠(yuǎn)離海岸的公海上

(be)offshore

intheopensea11.確定方位

identifythepositioncloseby/nearby3112.加速

acceleratethespeed★acceleratevt./vi.加速,促進(jìn)（指增加活動(dòng)、成長(zhǎng)或進(jìn)步的速度）e.g.R加速經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展

accelerateeconomicdevelopment

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的加速，一些大城市的綠地變得越來(lái)越少。

Withtheacceleration

ofeconomicgrowth,thegreenareasinsomebigcitiesarebecominglessandless.32Certaintidesandcurrentscouldbeusedbyskillfulsailorstocarryshipstotheirdestination.★

tiden.潮,潮汐,潮流,趨勢(shì)e.g.atideofimmigrationTimeandtidewaitfornoman.

時(shí)不我待/歲月不等人。(時(shí)機(jī),有利的場(chǎng)合,機(jī)會(huì))移民潮Sentence：Onacleardayespeciallyduringthesummerthesailorscouldusethesunoverheadatmiddaytonavigateby.[Sun]*[Onaclearday/especiallyduringthesummer]thesailorscouldusethesun[overheadatmidday]tonavigateby.在晴朗的日子里，特別是夏天，船員可以利用正午在頭頂上的太陽(yáng)來(lái)導(dǎo)航(過海)。在公園里，我看見一個(gè)小男孩手持風(fēng)箏線，風(fēng)箏在他的頭頂上隨風(fēng)擺動(dòng)，忽上忽下。IntheparkIsawalittleboyholdingthestringofakite.IntheparkIsawalittleboyholdingthestringofakite,whichwasflyingoverheadatthemercyofthewind,upanddown.Thekitewasflyingoverheadatthemercyofthewind,upanddown.Page2理論問題

在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)8.減少出錯(cuò)的趨勢(shì)

復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)表直線行駛

itisdifficult(=?)touse…

一種比較精確的和簡(jiǎn)單的版本固定的參照點(diǎn)理論問題

thetheoreticalproblem2.在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)

duringafixedperiodoftime3.復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)表

complicatedmathematicaltables(表格)*piechart(餅圖),barchart(柱圖)graph(曲線圖)4.直線航行

setastraightcourseTherewasno

securemethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthetheoreticalproblem.[page2Findinglongitude]

Therewasno

securemethod[ofmeasuringlongitude]

until

the17thcentury[whentheBritishsolvedthetheoreticalproblem.]直到17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人解決了這個(gè)理論問題后，人們才有了測(cè)量經(jīng)度的可靠方法。Anearlymethodof_________(measure)speedinvolvedthrowinga_______(knot)rope_____(tie)toalogoverthesideoftheship.[page2Findinglongitude]

Anearlymethodofmeasuringspeedinvolvedthrowingaknottedrope[(whichis)tiedtoalog]

overthesideoftheship.

早期測(cè)量速度的方法是(需要)沿著船邊拉一根打結(jié)的繩子，這根繩子是系在一根圓木上的。tiedknottedmeasuring★involve1)包含，需要～doinge.g.測(cè)試需要回答有關(guān)圖片的問題。Thetestwillinvolve

answeringquestionsaboutaphotograph.2)參加，加入～sb.insthe.g.所有的孩子都參加了學(xué)校排練的劇。

Allthechildreninvolved

themselvesintheschoolplay.→Allthechildren_______________theschoolplay.wereinvolvedin3)牽涉，影響(vt.)e.g.

別把別人牽涉進(jìn)你的麻煩中去。

Don't________otherpeople____yourtrouble.involved

(adj.)e.g.Theprobleminvolvedisbasicallysimple.Thisisaveryinvolved

problem.所涉及的復(fù)雜的=complicated/complexinvolveinmeasure(vt.)①測(cè)量，給……量尺寸e.g.measurespeed測(cè)量速度②量尺寸、面積e.g.那條河長(zhǎng)250公里，寬60米。

Thatrivermeasures250kilometreslongand60metreswide.*與表示數(shù)量的詞(短語(yǔ))連用，其主語(yǔ)是表示物的名詞,不用在進(jìn)行時(shí)

③打量;估量e.g.Shemeasuredthestrangerwithhereyes.

她用雙眼打量著那個(gè)陌生人。

42measure(n.)①[C.]措施e.g.ThegovernmentwasurgedtotakemeasurestofightagainstthespreadofAIDS.

人們敦促政府采取措施以防止愛滋病的傳播。②尺寸[U.]e.g.Mr.Smithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothesaccordingtohisownmeasure.史密斯先生要求裁縫照他的尺寸做新衣服。43Theearliest,theastrolabe,wasaspecialall-in-onetoolfortellingthepositionoftheshipinrelationtothesunandvariousstarswhichcoveredthewholesky.[TheAstrolabe]Theearliest,theastrolabe,wasaspecialall-in-onetoolfortellingthepositionoftheship

{inrelationto(whichisrelatedto)thesunandvariousstars[whichcoveredthewholesky.]

}(它們當(dāng)中)最早的那個(gè),星盤,是一種特殊的集多功能于一體的工具，可用來(lái)判斷船只…的位置與太陽(yáng)和[布滿天空的]各種星星之間的相關(guān)的位置。445.Itwasawkward(difficult)touse…Itwaseasiertohandlebecauseitwasmoreportable.awkwarddifficulttohandleormanage6.一種更加精確的和簡(jiǎn)化的版本

amorepreciseandsimplifiedversion7.固定的參照點(diǎn)

thefixedpointsofreferencereferencen.提及,涉及,參考,參考書目,證明書(人),介紹信(人)在會(huì)上老師提到了他的英雄事跡。Atthemeetingtheteacher__________________________hisheroicdeeds.這些是教師參考書。Theseare_______________forteachers.

madereferencetoreferencebooksrefer

v.提到,涉及,查閱她的學(xué)生經(jīng)常查這本字典。Herpupilsoftenreferredtothisdictionary.別再提那件事。Don’trefertoitagain.Oureconomyisreferredtoasafreemarket.我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)被稱作自由市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)。478.減少了出差錯(cuò)的趨勢(shì)reducethe

tendencytomakemistakes[theSextant]★tendencyC.(pl.–cies)1)趨勢(shì)，趨向(=trend)[+towards//to]◆Thereisagrowingtendencyto/towards…有一種…增加的趨勢(shì)Thereisagrowing

tendency

forpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.482)傾向，偏好e.g.IhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenI’mnervous.我緊張時(shí)總愛嘮叨?！鬶aveatendencytodo…總愛做…偏好做…49Itworksbymeasuringtheanglebetweentwofixedobjectsoutsidetheshipusingtwomirrors.Thismadethecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.(定從/分詞作狀語(yǔ))→…,whichmadethecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.→…,makingthecalculationsmorepreciseandeasiertodo.它的工作方式是用兩塊鏡子來(lái)測(cè)量船外兩個(gè)固狀物體之間的角度，這就使得計(jì)數(shù)更加精確，而且更容易操作。這就…byplotaship’spositionatthemercyof…modernnavigationalaidscarrytheminimumamountofriskcelestialbodiesanaccomplishednavigatorthesunoverheadWorkouttheirlatitudetheyareoffshoreandintheopenseatideandcurrentduringtheiroutwardorreturnjourney確定船的位置受…的支配現(xiàn)代的導(dǎo)航儀器冒最小的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)天體有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的航海家頭頂上的太陽(yáng)算出他們的緯度位置他們遠(yuǎn)離了海岸的公海上潮汐和水流在出海和返航時(shí)Translationexercise1.漸漸地（gradually），我習(xí)慣了學(xué)校的常規(guī)（routine）。既然我已經(jīng)上了高級(jí)班（theadvancedclass)，就可以自己制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃了。Ihavegraduallygotusedto/accepted/beenaccustomedtotheroutineatschoolnowthat/sinceIamintheadvancedclassandcanmakemyownstudyplan.2.讓那個(gè)女孩來(lái)拍廣告（advertising）有一個(gè)不利的方面（drawback），就是她方方的下巴（squarejaw）使她看上去不大友好(unfriendly)。Thedrawbackofusingthatgirlfortheadvertisingwashersquarejawwhichmadeherlookunfriendly.3.數(shù)學(xué)（mathematics）是一門需要精密準(zhǔn)確（preciseandaccurate）工作的學(xué)科。Mathematicsisasubjectwhichdemands/requires/needspreciseandaccuratework.(precision,accuracy)4.在公園里，我看見一個(gè)小男孩手持風(fēng)箏線（thestringofakite），風(fēng)箏在他的頭頂上（overhead）隨風(fēng)擺動(dòng)（atthemerc