高級時事英語2

EnvironmentOurEnvironmentAttheendofthisunit,youshouldbeableto:InterpretmeaningfromcontextRequest/explainreasonsExpressfears/worriesCriticize/respondtocriticismSuggestsolutionsWarmupWhatdoyouthinkaboutthefollowingstatementabouttheenvironmentalchallengewearefacingnow?Weshouldbegoodguestsonearth,neithertoodemandingnordisturbingitsdelicatebalance.Weshouldallowittorenewitselfforthosewhoaretofollow.Whatdoes‘environment’meantoyouAllthecircumstances,people,things,andeventsaroundthemthatinfluencetheirlifeTheparticularsurroundingsinwhichtheyliveorexist,especiallyaregionthathasparticularland,sea,orweatherconditions.Thenaturalworldofland,sea,air,plantsandanimalsthatexistsaroundtownsandcities.Activity1Land,Sea,andAirTask1ClassifyingMarine:OforrelatingtotheseaInstitutionaladj.制度上的SocietalOforrelatingtothestructure,organization,orfunctioningofsociety.Climaticadj.氣候上的OzonedepletionActivity1Land,Sea,andAirMalarian.瘧疾,瘴氣Agro-industrialresidue殘余[渣]Pesticiden.殺蟲劑Task2InterpretingTitlesFume1Toemitfumes.2Tofeelorshowresentmentorvexation.(pun)Activity1Land,Sea,andAirSquirreln.松鼠Beechwoodn.山毛櫸ClutterTorunormovewithbustleandconfusion.Vessel船；Prowl.巡游Diminishingdiminishing逐漸縮小的CatchSomethingcaught:捕獲物：Activity1Land,Sea,andAirTask3SelectingTitlesExtract1Snub-nosed鼻子扁平的,塌鼻的Periln.危險Seminarn.研究會,討論發(fā)表會Hectaren.公頃（等于1萬平方米）Primevalforestadj.原始的Activity1Land,Sea,andAirExtract2Sustained持續(xù)的;IntensifyTomakeintenseormoreintense:增強或加強：Extract3DominateTooverlookfromaheight:俯視DwarfTocausetoappearsmallbycomparison:

使顯矮小通過比較使顯得矮?。篈ctivity1Land,Sea,andAirRugby拉格比市Cement水泥StackAgroupofchimneysarrangedtogether.一排煙囪排列在一起的一群煙囪Emissionairpollutionemission空氣污染排放(物)DisputeToargueabout;debate.就…進行爭論；辯論Activity1Land,Sea,andAirInhaleTodraw(airorsmoke,forexample)intothelungsbybreathing;inspire.吸入通過呼吸吸進（如空氣或煙）肺內；吸氣Coke焦（炭）Extract4MuggyWarmandextremelyhumid.濕熱的溫暖且十分潮濕的Activity1Land,Sea,andAirSwelterTosufferfromoppressiveheat.熱得難受，中暑Nudge接近putonthealert(軍隊)處于戒備狀態(tài)Home-brewed自家釀造的Extract5Luftwaffen.<德>(納粹時代的)德國空軍Activity2WasteInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofoureconomymoreandmoreenvironmentalproblemshavearisen.Manyofushavenoticedthatpollutionofvariouskindsisaseriousprobleminoursociety.Task1yourexperienceofpollutionproblemsaroundyouAir,water,soilandnoisepollutionActivity2WasteTask2listeningpracticeWordsfromthetapescriptsRubbishdumpAdoreTolikeverymuch:Stallholdern.1.攤販Returnableadj.可退回的ReservoirlitterActivity2WastePolythene[化]聚乙烯PurchasePolystyrenen.聚苯乙烯Syntheticadj.合成的,人造的,Biodegradableadj.生物所能分解的Decomposev.分解,(使)腐爛Activity3EcologicalDisasterTask1DistinguishingTypesofTextNATIONFACINGECOLOGICALDISASTERPre-readingactivityWhatkindsofecologicalproblemsdoyouthinkChinaisfacingnow?WordsandphrasesProportionate成比例的Symposiumn.討論會,座談會Waterway航道可航行之水體，如河流、海峽或運河potableFittodrink.StenchAstrong,foulodor;astink.ExcrementWastematerialSeweragen.排水設備,污水Ration定量配給China’secologicalproblemsareproportionatewiththecountry’sgiantsize.(theecologicalproblemsareveryseriousinChina.)TropicalrainforestAtropicalrainforestconsistsmainlyoftallbroad-leaved,evergreentrees.It’sawarm,wetplacewithnoseasons-justaconstantclimateofhightemperaturesandheavyrain.Theseconditionsproducehumiditywhichencouragessucharichvarietyofplantsandwildlifethatit’sthemostdiversehabitatintheworld.ClearingtherainforestTropicalrainforestsareunderthreatinmostpartsoftheworld.Hugeareasarecutdownfortimber,orclearedforhydro-electricdamprojectsandmining.Oncedevelopershavebuiltroadsintotheforests,settlersmoveintoclearmoreareasforfarmland.Largeclearingsaremadebyburningtrees,whichreleaseshugequantitiesofsmokeandcarbondioxide.ThisupsetsthedelicateClearingtherainforestBalanceoftheEarth’satmosphere,andleadstoglobalwarming—theso-calledgreenhouseeffect.Theforestcanre-establishitselfinsmallclearingsbutlargeonesareneverreclaimed.Whenwholeareashavebeencutdown,thelandbecomesarid,likeadesert.GreenhouseEffectFactories,farms,carsandmanyotherthingspumpgasesintotheair.SomeofthesetrapsomuchoftheSun’sheatthattheEarthiswarminguplikeagiantgreenhouse.Itiscausedbycertaingasesintheatmosphere,particularlycarbondioxide,whichactliketheglassinagreenhouse.Likeglass,thesegasesletthroughvisiblelightfromtheSun’sradiationtowarmtheGreenhouseEffectTheground.But,alsolikeglass,theytrapinvisibleinfra-redradiation(heat)fromtheEarththatwouldotherwiseescapebackintospace.Withoutthiseffect,Earthwouldbe30centigradecoderonaverage,andlifewouldbeimpossible.GreenhouseEffectNaturalsystemshavekeptlevelsofcarbondioxidesosteadythattheEarth’stemperaturehasnearlyalwaysbeenjustright.ButsincetheIndustrialRevolutionbegansome200yearsago,levelshavebeenrising.Over80%oftheextracarbondioxidecomesfromburningfossilfuels—oil,gasandcoal-inf