安徽省 2022-2023學年高二上學期階段性聯(lián)考英語試卷

第21頁/共21頁2022—2023學年度第一學期高二年級階段性聯(lián)考英語考生注意：1．本試卷分四部分，共8頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2．答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3．考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4．本卷命題范圍：至選擇性必修一第二單元第一課。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenshouldthespeakersgettotheparty?A.At1:30.B.At2:00.C.At2:30.2.Whatdoesthemancaremuchabout?A.Helen’slife.B.Helen’ssafety.C.Helen’sstudy.3.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononteachinginthefuture?A.Alrobotsareuselessinteaching.B.Teacherscan’tbereplacedbyAlrobots.C.Onlinecourseswillbecomethemostpopular.4.WhatdoesJanewanttodothisafternoon?A.Visitherfriend.B.Gotohercompany.C.Gohiking.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Somepaintings.B.Apainter.C.Anexhibition.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Schoolmates.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.7.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hecan’tunderstandothers.B.Heisn’tinterestedinthetopicsC.He’safraidofaskingquestions.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhywillSusangodowntown?A.Tobuyagift.B.Toattendabirthdayparty.CTopickupherson.9.Whendidthemanbuyhisdaughteracellphone?A.Abouttwoweeksago.B.Aboutonemonthago.C.Abouttwomonthsago.10.Whatseemstobetheman’sdaughter’sproblem?A.Thegenerationgap.B.Heraddictiontothecellphone.C.Herpoorcommunicationwithothers.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthewomandointhebar?A.Sheweptthefloor.B.Sheplayedmusic.C.Shesoldbeer.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherfirsworkingnight?A.Tiring.B.Enjoyable.C.Boring.13.Whatdidthewomandowithalostwallet?A.Shekeptitforherself.B.Shegaveittothepolice.CShetriedtocontacttheowner.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydoesSusanlookalittledepressed?A.Shefailedhermathexam.B.Shecouldn’tfindastudypartner.C.Shedidn’tenteragoodhighschool.15.WhatdoesSusanthinkoftheman’sadvice?A.UselessB.Strange.C.Great.16.WhatsubjectdoesRobertlike?A.English.B.Math.C.History.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whopersuadedthespeakertogotoacookerycourse?A.Hercousin.B.Hersister.C.Hermother.18.Whatkindofcoursedidthespeakerchoose?A.Theone—daycourse.B.Thethree—daycourse.C.Theone—weekcourse,19.Whatsurprisedthespeakerinthefirstclass?A.Thepopularcourse.B.Manyactiveteenagers.C.Anumberofteachers.20.Wheredidthespeakervisitafterthefirstclass?A.Arestaurant.B.Amarket.C.Abakery.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ABelowisalistofactivitiesthatwillgetyouexcitedandaddabitoffunintoyourscheduleatthesametime.Ready,set,play!JoinateamsportPlayingsportaspartofateamcanhelpyougetactivewhilemakingfriendsandfeelingpartofyourcommunity.Thislistoflinkswillleadyouthroughtosportsclubsandfixturesacrossthestate,oryoucanusetheMyCommunitydirectorytosearchforyoursportofchoice.MakedatenightactivenightDatenight(oranytimeyouhangwithlovedonesorfriends)doesn’thavetobespentsittinginacinema.Getactiveonyournextdatebygoingbowling,playinglasertagorpaintball,orsinkingballsatminigolf.CatchandkickAnyonewithkidswillknowthatsometimesentertainingthemtakespriorityoverlookingafteryourownhealth.Killtwobirdswithonestoneandtakethemtotheparktokickafootyorthrowaballbackandforth.Onceeveryone’spractisedtheirkicking,throwingandcatchingskills,takethingstothenextlevelbyaskingthemtothroworkicklongandmakeyourunforit.TakethestairsAnoldybutagoody,takingthestairsinsteadofaliftisgreatforworkingthemajormusclegroupsinthelegs.Itmightnotseemlikethemostfunoptionforaworkout,butyoucanfitasurprisingamountofactivityintoeverydaybytakingthestairswhenevertheyareanoption.Andifyougethooked(喜歡上),youcanevenbecomeacompetitivestairclimber.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Publichealthandwellbeing. B.Researchandreports.C.Newsandevents. D.Strategicdirection.2.WhatistheadvantageofJoinateamsport?A.Youhavemoretimeformorningexercise.B.Youhaveabetterwayofcommunication.C.Itisawaytoworkthemajormuscleinlegs.D.Youwillgetanexpertdirectioninthegroup.3.Whichwouldafatherchooseifhewantedtoplaywithhis5—year—oldson?A.Joinateamsport B.TakethestairsC.Catchandkick D.Makedatenightactivenight【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了給你的日程安排增加一點樂趣四項活動?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Belowisalistofactivitiesthatwillgetyouexcitedandaddabitoffunintoyourscheduleatthesametime.(下面是一些會讓你興奮的活動，同時給你的日程安排增加一點樂趣。)”可知，全文介紹了四項體育活動，因此應該出現(xiàn)在公共健康欄目。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Playingsportaspartofateamcanhelpyougetactivewhilemakingfriendsandfeelingpartofyourcommunity.(作為團隊的一分子參加體育活動可以幫助你在交朋友和感覺自己是社區(qū)的一部分的同時變得活躍。)”可知，參加這項活動，除了健身外，還可以交朋友和更好地成為社區(qū)一員，因此有助于建立良好的交流。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Anyonewithkidswillknowthatsometimesentertainingthemtakespriorityoverlookingafteryourownhealth.(任何有孩子的人都知道，有時娛樂他們比照顧自己的健康更重要。一舉兩得，帶他們?nèi)ス珗@踢足球或來回扔球。)”可知，這是適合家長與孩子一起玩的活動。故選C。BGoingtoschoolcanbeademandingobstacleformany,butsomepeoplearemorethanupforthechallenge.ForDylanKuehl,beingastudenthasbeenachallengingjoy.The38-year-oldhashadapassionforstudying,andbelievesthatthemoreheleans,themorehelearnstoseetheworlddifferently.Thisopen-mindedapproachandenthusiasticmindsetisallthemoreinspiringasKuehlhasDownsyndrome.Heknowsthestruggleofbreakingnewgroundfromalifetimeofexperienceofbeingdifferent.HehassustainedhisabilitytoshineasauniqueindividualbygraduatingfromTheEvergreenStateCollegeinWashingtonState.KuehlisthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinthecollege’s51-yearhistorytoearnafour-yeardegree.Notonlythat,butthisalsomakeshimthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinWashingtonstatetoachievethisremarkablemilestone.Kuehl’spassionforcreativityledhimtostudyforaBachelorofArtsdegree.Heenjoyedclassesinpaintinganddanceaspartofhiscurriculum(課程),buthisprimaryfocuswaswriting.Outof900graduates,hewasoneofthreetobeselectedtogiveanaddressatthegraduationceremony.“Celebrateyourabilities,”Kuehltellshisfellowstudentsinhisspeech.“Liveyourlifewithambitionandpride.”Wecanalltakealeafoutofthisinspiringman’sbookwhichisbound,itseems,byenthusiasm,positivity,determination,andawholelotofmotivatinghardwork.Asidefromgraduatingcollege,Kuehlisalsoanentrepreneur(企業(yè)家).HestartedhisownvisualandperformingartscompanycalledDKArtsin2005,wherehesellshisownartworkandglassjewelry.HeplaysthedrumsinabandcalledLivingtheDream,advocatingforinclusionthroughhismusic.4.WhatdoesKuehlthinkofhisstudying?A.Amustforhisownbusiness. B.Waysofviewingtheworld.C.Makes—upforhisgreatdisability. D.Approachestoshowhisgifts.5.WhatcanweknowaboutKuehl’sachievementinhisstudy?A.Heachieveswhatothersinhisstatehaven’tachieved.B.Hehasgainedmorescoresthanhisnormalclassmates.C.Hehasstudiesinthecollegeformorethanfouryears.D.Hismaininterestincollegeisinpaintinganddance.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutKuehlfromthelastparagraph?A.HeactsastheleadersingerinLivingtheDream.B.Hiscompanyproducesproductsforthedisabled.C.Hehasanumberofhobbiesbesideshisbusiness.D.Hethinkshighlyofdeterminationthroughhismusic.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKuehl?A.Wealthy. B.Generous. C.Strict. D.Inspiring.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了患有唐氏綜合癥的Kuehl不僅完成了自己的大學學業(yè)，成為常青州立學院成立51年來首位患有唐氏綜合癥的畢業(yè)生。他還建立了自己的企業(yè)，還是樂隊的鼓手?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“The38-year-oldhashadapassionforstudying,andbelievesthatthemoreheleans,themorehelearnstoseetheworlddifferently.(38歲的他對學習充滿熱情，他相信自己學習得越多，就越能從不同的角度看世界。)”可知，他覺得一個人知識越多，越能從不同的角度看世界，因此他覺得學習是看世界的方式。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“HehassustainedhisabilitytoshineasauniqueindividualbygraduatingfromTheEvergreenStateCollegeinWashingtonState.KuehlisthefirstpersonwithDownsyndromeinthecollege’s51-yearhistorytoearnafour-yeardegree.(從華盛頓州的常青州立學院畢業(yè)后，他一直保持著作為一個獨特個體的發(fā)光能力。Kuehl是該學院51年歷史上第一個獲得四年制學位的唐氏綜合癥患者。)”可知，他實現(xiàn)了別人在他這個狀態(tài)不可能實現(xiàn)的事情。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Asidefromgraduatingcollege,Kuehlisalsoanentrepreneur(企業(yè)家).(除了大學畢業(yè)，Kuehl還是一名企業(yè)家。)”以及最后一句“HeplaysthedrumsinabandcalledLivingtheDream,advocatingforinclusionthroughhismusic.(他在一個名為LivingtheDream的樂隊中打鼓，倡導通過音樂實現(xiàn)包容性。)”可知，他創(chuàng)辦了自己的企業(yè)，而且還是樂隊的鼓手，因此他愛好很廣泛，生活豐富多彩。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Thisopen-mindedapproachandenthusiasticmindsetisallthemoreinspiringasKuehlhasDownsyndrome.(由于Kuehl患有唐氏綜合癥，這種開放的態(tài)度和熱情的心態(tài)更加鼓舞人心。)”可知，Kuehl是鼓舞人心的。故選D。CParentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnnyknowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well—adjustedkid,orshyandbad—tempered,hasawholelottodowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,determining,lovingattention,theoddsareJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionatecitizen.Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble—andsoisournation.ThirtyyearsagoChicagosociologistJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmoreindeterminingschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.Acrossawiderangeofsubjectareas,inliterature,scienceandreading,Colemanestimatedthattheparentwastwiceaspowerfulastheschoolindeterminingachievementatagefourteen.PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix—yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthatoneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged”fromhisorheradolescent’seducation,andthisistheprimaryreasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotential—andbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.Aweightofevidencenowdemonstratesobviouslinksbetweenabsentparentsandawiderangeofbehavioralandemotionalproblemsinchildren.A1997studyof90,000teenagers—theAddHealthProjectundertakenbytheCarolinaPopulationCenterandtheAdolescentHealthProgramattheUniversityofMinnesota—foundthatyoungstersarelesslikelygethopeless,usedrugsorbecomeinvolvedincrimewhentheyspentsignificanttimewiththeirparents.Thisstudyfoundthatonlythephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinnerandatbedtimesignificantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.Childrenshouldbetaughttobesuccessfulinlife.B.Parents’characterhasadeepinfluenceonchildren.C.Childrenareaffectedbymanyfactorsduringthegrowth.DParentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenaboutbehaviors.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph1mean?A.Odds. B.Children. C.Citizens. D.Parents.10.What’sthepurposeofLawrenceSteinberg’sresearch?A.Tofindoutwhytherearesomanycrimes.B.Toknowtheimportanceofparents’company.C.Togetwaystopreventteenagers’sbadbehaviors.D.Tofindlinksbetweenparents’educationandcrimes.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsparents’companywithchildren?A.Intolerant. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。通過引用Steinberg以及1997年的研究，來說明父母的陪伴在兒童性格養(yǎng)成方面的重要作用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnnyknowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well—adjustedkid,orshyandbad—tempered,hasawholelottodowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.(父母在孩子的生活中是一股非常強大的力量。Johnny是否會讀書，是否能明辨是非，Johnny是一個快樂的、適應能力強的孩子，還是害羞、壞脾氣的孩子，都與Johnny所接受的教育方式有很大關(guān)系。)”可以推斷出，孩子的學習能力，判斷是非能力和性格是什么樣的，跟父母的教育有很大的關(guān)系，父母對孩子有很深的影響。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“IfJohnny’smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,determining,lovingattention,theoddsareJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionatecitizen.(如果Johnny的父母能夠給予他持久的、堅定的、充滿愛的關(guān)注，那么Johnny很可能會成為一個富有成效、富有同情心的公民。)”以及劃線詞所在句“Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble—andsoisournation.(如果他們沒有，Johnny就有麻煩了，我們的國家也有麻煩了。)”可知，這兩句話是在進行對比，對比父母給予Johnny足夠的關(guān)注和沒有足夠的關(guān)注，Johnny會成為什么樣的公民。所以，they指代的是Johnny’smomanddad。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix—yearstudyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthatoneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged”fromhisorheradolescent’seducation,andthisistheprimaryreasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotential—andbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.(心理學家LawrenceSteinberg最近完成了一項針對9個不同社區(qū)2萬名青少年為期6年的研究，證實了父母的重要性。Steinberg指出，三分之一的父母“嚴重脫離”他們對于青少年的教育，這就是如此多的美國學生表現(xiàn)低于他們的潛力，甚至低于其他富裕國家的學生的主要原因。)”可知，LawrenceSteinberg的研究目的就是為了證明父母陪伴的重要性，缺乏父母的陪伴，會導致青少年表現(xiàn)較差。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一句話“Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.(父母在孩子的生活中是一股非常強大的力量。)”可知，作者在文章開頭就指出父母在孩子的生活中的重要性。之后又引用了Steinberg以及1997年的一項研究，說明缺少父母陪伴，孩子會表現(xiàn)的不好，父母給予足夠的陪伴，青少年就不太可能絕望，吸毒或者犯罪，所以可以推斷出作者對于父母陪伴孩子的態(tài)度是贊成的。A.Intolerant無法忍受的；B.Doubtful懷疑的；C.Favorable贊成的；D.Unclear不清楚的。故選C。DClimatechangemayincreasetheriskofvirusesbecomingcapableofinfectingnewhostsintheArctic,suggestsastudyofgeneticmaterialfromaCanadianlake.CanadianscientistsfoundthatanincreaseinglaciermeltatLakeHazen,theArctic’slargestlakebyvolumeandanotherlocationwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofviraleffects,whereavirusinfectsanewhostforthefirsttime.Meltingglaciers(融化的冰川)wereconsideredaresultofclimatechangeglobally.TheteamfromtheUniversityofOttawa,ledbyAudreeLemieux,gatheredsoilandotheritemsfromthelakeandsequenced(序列)theRNAandDNAinthesamples.Theresearchersfoundcharactersofvirusesandtheirpotentialhostsincludinganimals,plantsandsoon.Theythenrananalgorithm(算法)recentlydevelopedbyadifferentresearchteam,whichassessesthechanceofcoevolution(共同進化)amongunrelatedgroupsoforganisms.Thealgorithmallowedtheteamtomeasuretheriskofspillover,andsuggestedthiswashigherinlakesamplesnearertothepointwherelargerbranches—carryingmoremeltwaterfromnearbyglaciers—flowintothelake.“Ourmainfindingisthatweshowthatforthisspecificlake,thespilloverriskincreaseswiththemeltingofglaciers.We’renotcryingwolf.”saysLemieux.ShesaystheriskofinfectiousdiseasescomingfromtheArcticislowtodayduetotheregion’slackof“bridges”,suchasmosquitoes,thatcanspreadvirusestootherspecies.However,theresearchersnotethatclimatechangenotonlymeltsglaciers,butisalsoexpectedtocausemorespeciestomovetowardsthepoles,whichtheywarn“couldhavedramaticeffectintheHighArctic”.Exactlyhowglaciermeltmightincreasespilloverriskisn’tentirelyclearfromsimplyrunningthealgorithm.Co-authorStephaneAris-Brosousaysoneideaisthatextrarun-offsimplyincreasesthemixingofspeciesbecausetheirlocalenvironmentisdisturbed,physicallybringingtogethervirusesandpotentialnewhoststhatwouldn’totherwisemeeteachother.12.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Glaciershaveslowedinmeltingprocess.B.AnewhostintheArctichasbeenaffected.C.ScientistsguessviruseswillcomeintheArctic.D.ViralspilloverwillappearintheArcticintime.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellus?A.WhatwecandotostopthevirusesintheArctic.B.WhyBranchesofthelakearekeysinspillingoverviruses.C.HowscientistscalculatetheriskofspilloverintheArctic.D.Whatsignaturesofvirusesandtheirpotentialhostsshows.14.WhatdoesLemieuxmeanbysaying“We’renotcryingwolf.”?A.Thevirusspilloverwillhappenwithglaciermelting.B.Viruseswon’tspreadwidelyduetolackofbridge.C.Scientistshavemadegreateffortsinpreventingviruses.D.ThereisnoneedtoworryaboutthevirusesintheArctic.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.VirusesAppearinginTwoPlacesintheArcticB.GlacierMeltingResultingintheVirusSpilloverC.Scientists’CalculationabouttheVirusesintheArcticD.ClimateChangeLinkedtoRiskofVirusesintheArctic【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章闡述了北極首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了有新的宿主被病毒感染，加拿大科學家認為氣候變化加劇冰川融化，增加了病毒外溢的風險?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“CanadianscientistsfoundthatanincreaseinglaciermeltatLakeHazen,theArctic’slargestlakebyvolumeandanotherlocationwaslinkedtoagreaterriskofviraleffects,whereavirusinfectsanewhostforthefirsttime.(加拿大科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，在北極體積最大的湖泊LakeHazen湖和另一個地方，冰川融化的加劇與病毒感染風險增加有關(guān)，病毒在那里首次感染了新的宿主。)”可知在北極首次有新的宿主被感染。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“TheteamfromtheUniversityofOttawa,ledbyAudreeLemieux,gatheredsoilandotheritemsfromthelakeandsequenced(序列)theRNAandDNAinthesamples.(來自渥太華大學的研究小組由AudreeLemieux領(lǐng)導，他們從湖中采集土壤和其他物品，并對樣本中的RNA和DNA進行測序。)”以及最后一句“Thealgorithmallowedtheteamtomeasuretheriskofspillover,andsuggestedthiswashigherinlakesamplesnearertothepointwherelargerbranches—carryingmoremeltwaterfromnearbyglaciers—flowintothelake.(該算法使團隊能夠測量病毒傳播的風險，并表明在更大的分支——攜帶更多來自附近冰川的融水——流入湖中的點附近的湖泊樣本中，這一風險更高。)”可知研究小組通過對湖泊土壤及其他物品采樣，樣本的RNA和DNA測序，并運用算法分析病毒傳播的風險，所以第三段主要闡述研究團隊如何計算在北極病毒傳播的風險。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題?！癢e’renotcryingwolf.”中文意思是“我們不是在喊狼來了?！?，用來表示所說的話并不是危言聳聽，結(jié)合劃線句前“Ourmainfindingisthatweshowthatforthisspecificlake,thespilloverriskincreaseswiththemeltingofglaciers.(我們的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)是，對于這個特定的湖泊，病毒溢出的風險隨著冰川的融化而增加。)”可知，Lemieux說這句話表達的意思是隨著冰川的融化，病毒外溢的風險在增加，這不是危言聳聽。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ClimatechangemayincreasetheriskofvirusesbecomingcapableofinfectingnewhostsintheArctic,suggestsastudyofgeneticmaterialfromaCanadianlake.(一項對加拿大一個湖泊遺傳物質(zhì)的研究表明，氣候變化可能會增加病毒在北極感染新宿主的風險。)”以及下文對此項研究的詳細介紹可知全文主要講述氣候變化帶來的冰川融化，造成病毒感染新宿主的風險增加，故“ClimateChangeLinkedtoRiskofVirusesintheArctic”是最佳標題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whilenoonecanavoidallstress,youcanworktohandleitinhealthywaysthatincreaseyourpotentialtorecover.Eatanddrinktoimproveyourhealth.Somepeopletrytoreducestressbydrinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch.____16____Butactuallymayaddtostressinthelongrun.Caffeinealsocanworsentheeffectsofstress.Consumingahealthy,balanceddietcanhelptopreventstress.Exerciseregularly.____17____Considernon—competitiveaerobic(有氧的)exercise,strengtheningwithweights,ormovementactivitieslikeyogaorTaiChi,andsetreasonablegoalsforyourself.Aerobicexercisehasbeenshowntoreleaseendorphins—naturalsubstancesthathelpyoufeelbetterandmaintainapositiveattitude.____18____Peoplewhousenicotineoftenrefertoitasastressreliever.However,nicotineactuallyplacesmorestressonthebodybyincreasingphysicalarousalandreducingbloodflowandbreathing.Reducetriggers(觸發(fā))ofstress.Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourlifemaybefilledwithtoomanydemandsandtoolittletime.____19____Youcanfreeuptimebypracticingtime—managementskillslikeaskingforhelpwhenit’sappropriate,settingpriorities,pacingyourself,andreservingtimetotakecareofyourself.Studyandpracticerelaxationtechniques.Takingthetimetorelaxeverydayhelpstomanagestressandtoprotectthebodyfromtheeffectsofstress.Youcanchoosefromavarietyoftechniques.Theseincludesdeepbreathing,imagery,progressivemusclerelaxation,andmindfulnessmeditation.Therearemanyonlineandsmartphoneappsthatprovideguidanceonthesetechniques.____20____A.Examineyourvaluesandlivebythem.B.Stopusingtobaccoandnicotineproducts.C.Theseactionsmayseemtohelpinthemoment.D.Youshouldtryyourbesttomeettheexpectationsofothers.E.Forthemostpart,thesedemandsareoneswehavechosen.F.Althoughsomeneedpurchasecosts,manyareavailablefreeofcharge.G.Besidesphysicalhealthbenefits,ithasbeenshowntobeapowerfulstressreliever.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何緩解生活中的壓力。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somepeopletrytoreducestressbydrinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch.(有些人試圖通過飲酒或暴飲暴食來減輕壓力)”和下文“Butactuallythesemayaddtostressinthelongrun.(但實際上，從長遠來看，這些可能會增加壓力)”可知，空格上下文告訴我們有些人通過飲酒或暴飲暴食來減輕壓力，但從長遠來看，這些可能會增加壓力，C項意為“在那一刻，這些行動似乎有所幫助?！边x項能夠承接上文，選項中的“Theseactions”代指上文提到的“drinkingalcoholoreatingtoomuch”，且能引起下文，雖然這些行動在那一刻似乎有所幫助，但從長遠來看，這些可能會增加壓力。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)段落主旨句“Exerciseregularly.(經(jīng)常鍛煉)”可知，本段內(nèi)容告訴我們經(jīng)常鍛煉有助于緩解壓力，G項意為“除了對身體健康有益外，它還被證明是一種強大的壓力緩解劑?！边x項符合段落主旨，經(jīng)常鍛煉除了對身體健康有益外，還被證明是一種強大的壓力緩解劑，且下文具體解釋了經(jīng)常鍛煉是如何緩解壓力的，“it”代指上文“Exerciseregularly.”。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Peoplewhousenicotineoftenrefertoitasastressreliever.However,nicotineactuallyplacesmorestressonthebodybyincreasingphysicalarousalandreducingbloodflowandbreathing.(使用尼古丁的人經(jīng)常將其稱為壓力緩解劑。然而，尼古丁實際上通過增加生理喚醒，減少血液流動和呼吸，給身體帶來更多壓力。)”可知，本段內(nèi)容告訴我們不要使用尼古丁產(chǎn)品，因為它會給身體帶來更多壓力，B項意為“停止使用煙草和尼古丁產(chǎn)品。”選項能夠概括段落主旨。故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouarelikemostpeople,yourlifemaybefilledwithtoomanydemandsandtoolittletime.(如果你像大多數(shù)人一樣，你的生活可能充滿了太多的要求和太少的時間)”可知，上文告訴我們生活中充滿了太多的要求和太少的時間，這可能會導致壓力，E項意為“在大多數(shù)情況下，這些要求是我們選擇的?！边x項能夠承接上文，我們生活充滿了太多的要求，但在大多數(shù)情況下，這些要求是我們選擇的，其中“thesedemands”和上文“toomanydemands”相呼應。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therearemanyonlineandsmartphoneappsthatprovideguidanceonthesetechniques.(有許多在線和智能手機應用程序可以為這些技術(shù)提供指導)”可知，許多在線和智能手機應用程序可以為緩解壓力的技術(shù)提供指導，F(xiàn)項意為“雖然有些需要購買成本，但許多都是免費使用的?！边x項能夠承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹在線和智能手機應用程序，即：這些在線和智能手機應用程序有些需要購買成本，但許多都是免費使用的。故選F。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwasaboygrowingupIcouldnotonceeverremembereithermyMomormyNanawastingfood.Anythingwedidn’teatatonemealwassaved,stored,and____21____asleftoverslateron.Ican____22____myNanamakingahugepotofbrownbeanswithalargecakeofcornbread.Wewouldalleatuntilwewere____23____buttherewasalwaysabouthalfofthebeans____24____.AfewdayslaterNanawouldtakethosebeansoutofthe____25____,boilnoodles,addparsleyand____26____themalltogetherintoherdeliciousPastaFasule.AndIalsorememberwhenI____27____myMomfrybaconforusinthemorningsshewouldalwaystaketheoiland____28____pouritintoacontainer.Thenshelaterwoulduseitto____29____somanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatgreenbeansdidn’t____30____tastelikebacon.Ilearnedtheir____31____wellandafterIgrewupItriedtonever____32____foodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweek’smealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmy____33____listsonothingwenttowaste.Everymealwentintoatummyandanyleftoverswerelatereatenbyeithermyself,myboys,ormydogs.Tomethrowingfoodinthetrashwasjust____34____.Alltheworkittooktogrowit,harvestit,andprepareitneededtobe____35____notwasted.21.A.thrown B.washed C.burned D.served22.A.mind B.remember C.regret D.avoid23.A.full B.tired C.worried D.upset24.A.putdown B.movedoutside C.carriedoff D.leftover25.A.stove B.fire C.refrigerator D.bowl26.A.mix B.break C.bring D.separate27.A.heard B.watched C.felt D.had28.A.hurriedly B.nervously C.hesitantly D.carefully29.A.flavorup B.ruinoff C.joinup D.keepaway30.A.eventually B.occasionally C.actually D.lately31.A.skills B.lessons C.secrets D.fortune32A.store B.cook C.keep D.waste33.A.shopping B.desiring C.waiting D.mailing34.A.possible B.necessary C.wrong D.incredible35.A.completed B.honored C.noticed D.ignored【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。全文講述作者奶奶和媽媽從不浪費食物，她們把吃剩的食品做成各種食品或者調(diào)味品。之后作者也繼承了這一習慣，作者認為食品制作過程的每一步都需要得到尊重?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一頓飯沒吃的東西都被保存起來，儲存起來，以后作為剩菜。A.thrown扔；B.washed洗滌；C.burned燃燒；D.served服務(wù)。根據(jù)空前的saved,stored以及空后的“myNanamakingahugepotofbrownbeanswithalargecakeofcornbread”可以推斷，吃剩的食品經(jīng)過儲存后，以后又會端上(served)餐桌。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得奶奶煮了一大鍋黑豆和一大塊玉米面包。A.mind介意；B.remember記得；C.regret后悔；D.avoid避免。聯(lián)系文章第一句“WhenIwasaboygrowingup”可知，作者講述過去的事情，因此現(xiàn)在能記起(remember)那時的事情。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們會一直吃到飽，但總是會剩下一半左右的豆子。A.full滿的，吃飽的；B.tired疲憊的；C.worried擔心的；D.upset沮喪的。從空前的“Wewouldalleat”可知，一直吃到飽(full)，然后剩下食品。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們會一直吃到飽，但總是會剩下一半左右的豆子。A.putdown放下；B.movedoutside搬出去；C.carriedoff奪去；D.leftover剩下。結(jié)合空前的“halfofthebeans”以及空后的“takethosebeans”可知，有些豆子剩下了(leftover)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天后，娜娜會把這些豆子從冰箱里拿出來，煮面條，加歐芹，把它們混合在一起，做成她美味的法蘇意面。A.stove爐子；B.fire火；C.refrigerator冰箱；D.bowl碗。依據(jù)空前的“AfewdayslaterNanawouldtakethosebeansoutof”可知，今天后這些豆子就會從冰箱(refrigerator)里拿出來。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天后，娜娜會把這些豆子從冰箱里拿出來，煮面條，加歐芹，把它們混合在一起，做成她美味的法蘇意面。A.mix混合；B.break打破；C.bring帶來；D.separate分開。聯(lián)系空后的“themalltogetherintoherdeliciousPastaFasule”可知，奶奶就會把這些食材放一起(mix)。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得，當我早上看著媽媽為我們煎培根時，她總是把油小心翼翼地倒進一個容器里。A.heard聽見；B.watched觀看；C.felt感覺；D.had有。從短文第一句“WhenIwasaboygrowingupIcouldnotonceeverremembereithermyMomormyNanawastingfood.”可知，此時作者觀看著(watched)媽媽烤培根。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得，當我早上看著媽媽為我們煎培根時，她總是把油小心翼翼地倒進一個容器里。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.nervously緊張地；C.hesitantly猶豫地；D.carefully仔細地。從前文作者講述奶奶和媽媽非常節(jié)儉，以及空后的“pouritintoacontainer”因此她小心翼翼地(carefully)把油倒上，生怕撒了。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：后來她又用它來給其他很多菜調(diào)味。A.flavorup調(diào)味；B.ruinoff毀壞；C.joinup聯(lián)合；D.keepaway遠離。根據(jù)空前的“useit”可知，她用油給其他食品調(diào)味(flavorup)。故選A。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：成年后我才意識到青豆其實嘗起來不像培根。A.eventually最后；B.occasionally偶爾；C.actually實際上；D.lately最近。結(jié)合空前的“greenbeans”以及空后的“tastelikebacon”可知，青豆實際上(actually)味道不像培根。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很好地學習了她們的經(jīng)驗，長大后我試著自己從不浪費食物。A.skills技能；B.lessons經(jīng)驗；C.secrets秘密；D.fortune財富。聯(lián)系后文的講述可知，作者很好地學習她們的經(jīng)驗(lessons)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很好地學習了她們的經(jīng)驗，長大后我試著自己從不浪費食物。A.store商店；B.cook烹飪；C.keep保持；D.