PowPo Po 廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)

Unit5

TheWorldatWarI.Lead-inII.LanguagePointsIII.GuidedWritingIV.PresentationandExercisesLead-in

BackgroundInformationJosephHeller(1923-1999)

anAmericannovelistbestknownforhis1961novelCatch-22,ananti-warsatirebasedontheauthor’sownmilitaryexperience.

MoreLead-in

BackgroundInformationHeller’sothernovels:

SomethingHappened(1974),GoodasGold(1979),Godknows(1984),PictureThis(1988),asequeltoCatch-22,ClosingTime(1994).

Lead-in

BackgroundInformationMeaningofCatch22Catch-22isarulewhichsaysthatany-onerationalenoughtowanttobegroundedcannotbeinsaneandisthereforecapableofreturningtoflightduty.MoreLead-in

BackgroundInformationMeaningofCatch22Absurd,no-winchoices,particularlyinsituationsinwhichthedesiredoutcomeofthechoiceisanimpossibility,andregardlessofchoice,thesamenegativeoutcomeisacertainty.

Lead-in

BackgroundInformationCatch-22situationadifficultsituationfromwhichthereisnoescapebecauseyouneedtodoonethingbeforedoingasecond,andyoucannotdothesecondthingbeforedoingthefirst.MoreLead-in

BackgroundInformationCatch-22situation1.Therulesorconditionsthatcreatesuchasituation.2.Atrickyordisadvantageouscondition.3.Asituationorpredicamentcharacterisedbyabsurdityorsenselessness.4.Acontradictoryorself-defeatingcourseofaction.LanguagePoints

SentencesStudy1.Itwasahorriblejoke,butDocDaneekadidn'tlaughuntilYossariancametohimonemissionlaterandpleadedagain,withoutanyrealexpectationofsuccess,tobegrounded.DocDaneekasnickeredonceandwassoonimmersedinproblemsofhisown,whichincludedChiefWhiteHalfoat,whohadbeenchallenginghimallthatmorningtoIndianwrestle,andYossarian,whodecidedrightthenandtheretogocrazy.原文without引導(dǎo)的短語是插入語，漢譯可根據(jù)語義關(guān)系調(diào)整語序。后一句兩個(gè)定語從句在漢譯中可化為賓語從句。MoreLanguagePoints

SentencesStudy翻譯：

那是個(gè)粗魯?shù)耐嫘?，可是達(dá)尼卡大夫并沒有笑，直到約薩里安又執(zhí)行了一次任務(wù)之后，再次來求他要求停飛——盡管這沒有任何指望。達(dá)尼卡大夫竊笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻煩中去了，這包括懷特·哈夫特指揮官那天早上一直在向他挑戰(zhàn)，要和他比印度式摔跤，而約薩里安則恰恰在彼時(shí)彼地決定要發(fā)瘋。LanguagePoints

SentencesStudy2.Therewasonlyonecatchandthatwascatch-22,whichspecifiedthataconcernforone'sownsafetyinthefaceofdangersthatwererealandimmediatewastheprocessofarationalmind.Orrwascrazyandcouldbegrounded.Allhehadtodowasask;andassoonashedid,hewouldnolongerbecrazyandwouldhavetoflymoremissions.Orrwouldbecrazytoflymoremissionsandsaneifhedidn't,butifhewassanehehadtoflythem.

為避免譯句過長(zhǎng)，第一句中的定語從句可譯為一個(gè)句子。MoreLanguagePoints

SentencesStudy翻譯：只有一個(gè)詭局，那就是第二十二條軍規(guī)，它規(guī)定：在面對(duì)真正的、緊迫的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)考慮到自身安全是理智的思維過程。奧爾瘋了，因此可以停飛。他只須提出請(qǐng)求；而一旦他提出請(qǐng)求，他就不再是瘋子，就得去執(zhí)行更多的飛行任務(wù)。如果去執(zhí)行更多的飛行任務(wù)，奧爾就是瘋了，如果不去他就不瘋，但如果不瘋，他就得去執(zhí)行飛行任務(wù)。

LanguagePoints

WordsStudy1.reveal:toletsomethingbecomeknown,forexample,asecretorinform-ationthatwaspreviouslynotknownExamples:Thesenewfashionsrevealmorethanshewillaccept.Antonym:disclose:togiveinformationtopeople,especiallyinformationthatwassecretExamples:Sheopenedaboxanddiscloseditscontent.

LanguagePoints

WordsStudy2.bloodshed:asituationinwhichpeoplearekilledorinjured,especiallyduringfightingExamples:TherewasgreatbloodshedinParisduringtheyearsaftertheRevolutionin1879.

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WordsStudy3.mission:A.militaryoperation,especiallyonebyaircraftB.task

Examples:MissionImpossibleismyfavouritemovie.ThespacemissionbythreeChinesetaikonautsisaremarkableachievement.Flyinginenemyterritoryisanextremelydangerousmission.

LanguagePoints

WordsStudy4．plead:A.toaskforsomethinginanurgentoremotionalway懇求

B.tosayinacourtoflawwhetheryouareguiltyofacromeornot申訴；答辯；辯護(hù)；抗辯Examples:Thecriminal

pleadedwiththevictimformercy.TheretiredprofessorpleadedthecauseoftheOldAgePensioners.More

LanguagePoints

WordsStudy

plead

Usage:pleadfor/againstsb

為某人辯護(hù)（反駁某人）plead(not)guilty

認(rèn)罪（不認(rèn)罪）

Language

Points

WordsSbat:n.fightingduringawarvt.todosomethingtotrytostopsomethingbadfromhappeningorabadsituationfrombecomingworse

Examples:Acombatzoneisanareawherefightingistakingplace.Tocombatwrinkles,theactressappliesserumtoherskin.

LanguagePoints

WordsStudy6.specify:toexplainsomethinginanexactanddetailedwayExamples:Thecontractspecifiesthejobdescription.Didyouspecifyanyparticulartimeforustocall?Itspecifiesaeight-milespeedlimitinthisarea.

Language

Points

WordsStudy7.getoutof:A.toavoiddoingsomethingthatyoushoulddoorsaidyouwoulddoB.abandongradually

Examples:Theliongotoutofitscageandshockedthepublic.Don’ttrytogetoutofyourduties.Getoutofhisbadhabits,andhewillfindanewself.GuidedWriting

ImagineyouareattendinganimportantceremonyinChina.Writeashortpassagedescribingthescene.MoreGuidedWritingDirections:Chooseasuitableceremony,suchasamilitaryparade,thefuneralofanationalhero,thestatevisitofaforeignleader,orame