《高級英語讀寫譯教程》unit 16 Candi on the Rise

Unit16CondiontheRisePassageTranslationSkills教學(xué)建議：本章重點(diǎn)：了解賴斯其人。本章難點(diǎn)：與職場相關(guān)的術(shù)語以及對長句難句的理解。課時(shí)安排：精讀4學(xué)時(shí)。

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Pre-readingActivities

☆PassageExploration

☆Post-readingActivitiesUnit16

CondiontheRisePre-readingQuestionsWhatkindofpersonisRice?HowdoyouseeRicewhenshebehavestoughandprofessional?Howwellcanshemanageeverythingaroundherwhenstayinginthisworldmainlymanagedandpreparedformen?

BackgroundInformation☆

PoliticalFigure/GovernmentOfficial☆

Earlylifeandeducation☆

AcademiccareerandBusinesscareer☆

PoliticalcareerandNationalSecurityAdvisor☆SecretaryofState

PoliticalFigure/GovernmentOfficialBorn:14November1954Birthplace:Birmingham,AlabamaBestKnownAs:U.S.SecretaryofState,2005.Earlylifeandeducation(1)

RicewasborninBirmingham,Alabama,andgrewupintheblackmiddle-classneighborhoodofTitusville.SheistheonlychildofReverendJohnWesleyRice,Jr.,andhiswife,theformerAngelenaRay.

Ricestatesthatgrowingupduringracialsegregationtaughtherdeterminationagainstadversity,andtheneedtobe"twiceasgood"asnon-minorities.[6]Segregationalsohardenedherstanceontherighttobeararms;Ricehassaidininterviewsthatifgunregistrationhadbeenmandatory,herfather'sweaponswouldhavebeenconfiscated,leavingthemdefenselessagainstKuKluxKlannightriders.Earlylifeandeducation(2)RicegraduatedfromSt.Mary'sAcademyintheclassof1970.In1974,atage19,RiceearnedherB.A.inpoliticalscienceandPhiBetaKappafromtheUniversityofDenver.In1975,sheobtainedherMaster'sDegreeinpoliticalsciencefromtheUniversityofNotreDame.ShefirstworkedintheStateDepartmentin1977,duringtheCarteradministration,asaninternintheBureauofEducationalandCulturalAffairs.In1981,attheageof26,shereceivedherPh.D.inPoliticalSciencefromtheGraduateSchoolofInternationalStudiesatDenver.InadditiontoEnglish,shespeaksfluentRussian,and,withvaryingdegreesoffluency,German,French,andSpanish.

AcademiccareerandBusinesscareer(1)RicewashiredforherfirstacademicpositionbyStanfordUniversityasanAssistantProfessorinPoliticalScience(1981–1987).AcademiccareerandBusinesscareer(2)Dr.RiceisaFellowoftheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesandhasbeenawardedhonorarydoctoratesfromMorehouseCollegein1991,theUniversityofAlabamain1994,theUniversityofNotreDamein1995,theMississippiCollegeSchoolofLawin2003,theUniversityofLouisville,MichiganStateUniversityin2004,andBostonCollegeLawSchoolin2006.PoliticalcareerandNationalSecurityAdvisor(1)RicehasservedontheboardofdirectorsfortheChevronCorporation,theCharlesSchwabCorporation,theWilliamandFloraHewlettFoundation,TransamericaCorporation,HewlettPackard,TheCarnegieCorporation,TheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeace,TheRandCorporation,andKQED,publicbroadcastingforSanFrancisco.In1989sheservedasdirectorforSovietandEastEuropeanAffairsattheNationalSecurityCouncilandreporteddirectlytoNationalSecurityAdviserBrentScowcroft.In1990shebecameGeorgeH.W.Bush'sprincipaladvisorontheSovietUnionandwasnamedaspecialassistanttothepresidentfornationalsecurityaffairs.PoliticalcareerandNationalSecurityAdvisor(2)Rice,SecretaryofState

ColinPowell,andSecretaryofDefense

DonaldRumsfeldlistentoPresident

GeorgeW.BushspeakabouttheMiddleEastonJune24,2002OnDecember17,2000,CondoleezzawaspickedtoserveasNationalSecurityAdvisorandsteppeddownfromherpositionatStanford.Leadinguptothe2004U.S.Presidentialelection,RicebecamethefirstNationalSecurityAdvisortocampaignforanincumbentpresident.SecretaryofStateCondoleezzaRicespeaksafterbeingnominatedtobeSecretaryofStatebyPresident

GeorgeW.Bush.OnNovember16,2004,BushnominatedRicetobeSecretaryofState,replacingPowell,whoseresignationwasmadepublicthedaybefore.TextStudying☆

Structureofthetext☆Languagepoints

StructureAnalysisThisisatextaboutthepersonaldevelopmentupintoahigherpositionwiththeexamplesandcommentsquotedattimes.ThefirsttwoparagraphsareaboutthegeneralwhiletherestisaboutwhatRicedid,whatshehasdone,andwhatsheisdoinginsomewhatdetaileddescriptions.Wecanfindvividpicturesfromwhatherrivals,colleaguesandotherdiplomatshaveprovidedtoformthistruestory.LanguagePoints

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WordsandExpressions☆

ExplanationofdifficultsentencesWordsandExpressions

aphalanxof(Para.5)n.apartyof,anarmyof,oragroupofthepeopleworkingforthesamemissionExamples★Withaphalanxofhisownmen,Williamfinallybeattheenemyanddrovethemoutofhisowncountry.WordsandExpressions

Spindoctor:theonewhoworksforsomebodyelseasthespokesmanonbehalfofthatperson.

Explanation★Apersonwhopublicizesfavorableinterpretationsofthewordsandactionsofapublicfigure,especiallyapolitician.Anindividualchargedwithgettingotherstointerpretastatementoreventfromaparticularviewpoint,asinCharlieisthegovernor’sspindoctor.Thisterm,bornabout1980alongwithspincontrol,usesdoctorinthecolloquialsenseof“onewhorepairssomething.”

★aspokespersonforapoliticalpartyorcandidatewhotriestoforestallnegativepublicity.得力助手；代言人；發(fā)言人WordsandExpressions

Inchief(Para.10):leadingExamples★Ifyouhaveanymorecomplaints,pleasetalktothemanagerinchief.WordsandExpressions

Ironout:smoothandmakesomethingeasier調(diào)停Examples★Beforethetwocountrieswanttore-establishtheirfriendship,theymustfirstironouttheirmisunderstandings.Explanationofdifficultsentences

1.“It’sjustmakingnicewiththreeorfourofyourcolleaguesintheCabinet.”(Para.1)“這不過就是和內(nèi)閣中的三四個(gè)同僚交好而已?！盓xplanationThesefreshmenfinditveryhardtomakenicewithoneanotherwhosharethesamebedroom.

Explanationofdifficultsentences

2.“PowelloncetoldhisBritishCounterpart…(Para.1)”Counter:prefix,contrary;oppositeindirectionExplanationCf:counter-attractionCounterpartcanrefertoeitherapersonorathingthatstaysatthesamelevelbutintheoppositedirection.Cf:Thetwolawyerswhoareworkingforthepersonwhosuesorthepersonwhodefendarejustcounterparts.Explanationofdifficultsentences3.“…someoneinWashingtonstuckaknifeinhisback.”Tostickaknifeinsomeone’sback:Herethisphraseisusedinafigurativewaymeaning“todoorsaysomethingbadtosomebodyintheback.”

ExplanationCf:Pleasedon’ttrustthosewhoseemtobekindtoyoubutalwaysstickaknifeinyourback.Explanationofdifficultsentences4.“Ashiverintheribs…”(Para.2)Thisisusedalsoinafigurativewaymeaning“someactualworryorphobiawhichoftenhauntsyou.”

ExplanationCf:TheKoreanMenFootballTeamseemtobeashiverintheribsforusthoughtheymaynotbethatpowerfulasexpected.Explanationofdifficultsentences5.Consolidate(Para.2):makeorbecomestrong;uniteorcombineintoone.ExplanationCf:Mostleadersusuallywouldliketoclearawaythepreviousclerksorfollowersinthelastadministrationjusttoimmediatelyconsolidatetheirownpowerandpositioninoffice.Explanationofdifficultsentences6.Perch(Para.2):(colloq.)highpositionoccupiedbyaperson;elevatedandsecurepositionExplanationCf:Thosewell-knownhostsandhostesseshavetoworkundergreatpressuretoensuretheirhard-wonperchattheTVstation.Explanationofdifficultsentences7.Bolster(Para.2):support;give(greatlyneeded,oftenundeserved)supportto(acause,theory,etc.thatwouldotherwisefail)ExplanationCf:Whenthe“SuperGrilscompetition”starts,theconcernedrelatives,friendsandfansarequitebusysendingasmanyshortmessagesaspossibletobolstertheiricons.Explanationofdifficultsentences8.“…didtheirmemorableduet16yearsago.”(Para.2)“Tomakeaduet”originallymeanstoperform(ofteneithersingordance)intheformof“twoinone”,butalsomeanstoworktogetherwellinafigurativeway.ExplanationCf:ThetwofigureskatingplayercanmakeamuchbetterduetthanbeforeExplanationofdifficultsentences9.Schmooze(para.3):Toconversecasually,especiallyinordertogainanadvantageormakeasocialconnection.ExplanationCf:Beforeeachpresidentialelection,thecandidateswillsurelyschmoozetheirsupportersandvoterseverywherearoundthecountry.Explanationofdifficultsentences10.“ReportersfromWashingtontoNewDelhipressedheronwhethershewouldrunforPresidentin2008.”(Para.3)無論是來自華盛頓還是新德里的記者都追問她是否會(huì)參加2008年的總統(tǒng)大選。ExplanationCf:Thereporterspressedthefilmdirectoronwhowouldbethenextnewstarplayingtheleadingroleinthefilm.Explanationofdifficultsentences11.“——andtheyaren’ttalkingabutherstilettoboots.”(Para.4)ExplanationStilettoshoesmeantheoneswithhighpointedheelsusuallypopularwithwomenandthustheymayserveasthesymbolofwomen.HerethesediplomatsaroundtheworldthinkthatRiceisnotonlyawoman,butalsoagoodAmazon,afemaleworrierwhocanwellcompetewiththosemen,hercounterpartsintheinternationalaffairs.Explanationofdifficultsentences12.“Thatperceptionwasgivenaboostlastweek…”(Para.4)ExplanationCf:Thegovernmenthasgivenaboosttotheideathatnocollegestudentsfromverypoorfamiliesshouldbeleftoutfromschoolbyofferingthemscholarshipandloanswhenevertheyreachoutforhelp.Explanationofdifficultsentences13.“RicemetwithalltheparticipantsindividuallybutsteeredclearofthesummittoavoidtheappearanceofU.S.overreach.”(Para.5)賴斯分別會(huì)見了與會(huì)者，但同時(shí)又避免在峰會(huì)上讓人感到美國干預(yù)過多。ExplanationCf:“Steerclearof”:avoid(figurative)Thenewstudentssteeredclearoftheirpoorlivingconditionsjustincasethatothersmaylookdownuponthem.Theysteeredclearoftheirembarrassingaccenttopickupasmuchmandarinaspossibletofitintothenewcity.Explanationofdifficultsentences14.“Ricehasacleverwayofpushinghardonanissue,evenifonlytoelicitavagueagreement.”(Para.5)賴斯很有一套聰明的辦法把一個(gè)問題闡述下去，既使是要講明白一個(gè)模糊的協(xié)議。ExplanationPushon:makesomebodyorsomethinggoonmorequicklyCf:Wemustpushonoureconomicreformintoamodernsocietyasthereisnotimetolose.Explanationofdifficultsentences15.“…anarrayofcarrotsandsticks…”（Para.9）胡蘿卜加大棒的政策。Thisphrasemeansthatyouwanttoforcesomebodyintodoingsomethingthathemightnotliketodoandthatyouhavetoofferbothsomethingdesirableandfearful.ExplanationCf:Theseparentshavetoofferanarrayofcarrotsandstickstotheirchildrentosetthemuptoworkmoreandharderontheirlessons.Explanationofdifficultsentences16.“ThetransferofformerUndersecretaryofStateJohnBoltontotheU.N.wasshrewdly”soldasawinforhard-linersandtherewasindeedsomethinginitforthem.(Para.9)Explanation前副國務(wù)卿約翰·布爾頓被調(diào)往聯(lián)和國（任職）一事顯示出了強(qiáng)硬路線分子的精明占了上風(fēng)，而且對于他們而言的確其蘊(yùn)意還遠(yuǎn)不止這些。Explanationofdifficultsentences17.free-lancing(Para.9)自由職業(yè)的ExplanationFree-lancing:workingforanyoneforpayCf:Manyartistsliketoserveasfree-lancingworkers.Explanationofdifficultsentences18.“OneofthefewtimesthenormallycoolRiceblewherstackduringthefirsttermwaswhenaU.S.officialattheU.N.madeamedium-sizedecisionwithoutclearingitfirstwiththeWhiteHouse.”(Para.9)在其第一任期內(nèi)，一貫冷靜的賴斯大發(fā)雷霆，那是（因?yàn)椋┮晃幻绹v聯(lián)和國的官員未經(jīng)事先與白宮說明（澄清）情況就（擅自）作了一個(gè)不大不小的決定。Blowone’sstack:beangryandmadatsomebodyorsomethingExplanationCf:Teachersshouldbekindandpatientandneverblowtheirstackatanystudents.Explanationofdifficultsentences19.“…Ricewentoutandwithagreatbiggunofherown,…”(Para.10)賴斯出訪都會(huì)帶上自己的一干精兵強(qiáng)將。ExplanationAgunof:ameasurewordusedherereferringtopeopleverymuchcapableofdoingsomething.Explanationofdifficultsentences20.“ButthemerefactthatHugesandRice…inpolicydebates.”(Para.10)Explanation

但僅就此事實(shí)而言，休斯和賴斯（分別）同在國務(wù)院的七層樓上辦公，相距不過幾步之遙，這樣就使得此處成為制定政策有爭議時(shí)的權(quán)衡之地。.Explanationofdifficultsentences21.“Meanwhile,theotherburrinPowell’ssaddle,…retainingitsinfantry.”(Para.10)Explanation

同時(shí)，來自鮑威爾的一干人馬之中（與賴斯）的不和諧之聲，即來自于五角大樓（美國的國防部）的持不同看法的人感到至少堅(jiān)持自己的思路如同保存他們的步兵實(shí)力一樣舉步維艱。Explanationofdifficultsentences22.“…Rumsfeldswancomfortablyinthehard-liners’slipstreamformonths.”(Para.10)Explanation

……幾個(gè)月以來，拉姆斯菲爾德在強(qiáng)硬路線分子中還是游刃有余的?！癝wim”isusedhereinafigurativeway.Cf:Universitystudentsmustlearnhowtoswiminsocietytogetwellpreparedbeforetheygraduate.Explanationofdifficultsentences23.“…withoutthoseguysonpoint…”……沒有這些人在風(fēng)口浪尖上擋路……ExplanationCf:Somebillionaireswearsimpleclothesjustnottostandoutonpoint.Explanationofdifficultsentences24.“Sheisstillascendingherlearningcurve.”(Para.12)她學(xué)得愈加出色。ExplanationCf:Sheislearningmoreandbetterstepbystep.

Explanationofdifficultsentences25.“…shewasattimesalittlevagueonthefacts,slightlyillateasewithsomesubjects.”(Para.12)她有時(shí)對某些事實(shí)闡述得不夠明確，對于一些話題也會(huì)略感不安。ExplanationCf:Somestudentsarealwaysillateasebeforeanyexams.Explanationofdifficultsentences26.“Needledateverystop…fightersfromtheU.S.,…”(Para.12)Explanation(賴斯)在印度和巴基斯坦的每一處作停留時(shí)都在做穿針引線的工作，解釋哪一個(gè)國家可以先從美國購賣F-16型戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)。Explanationofdifficultsentences27.“Thejokegotalittletiredafterthefourthouting.”(Para.12)Explanation在第四次出訪時(shí)，這種玩笑話聽上去就有點(diǎn)乏味了。Explanationofdifficultsentences28.“…shedivedforcoverinaself-deprecatoryjoke…”（Para.12）Explanation她總是用自貶的玩笑話掩飾自己。Explanationofdifficultsentences29.“ButyoucanbetRicewillbeacricketexpertthenexttimeshehitsthesubcontinent.”(Para.12)ExplanationButyoucanbesurethatthenexttimewhenRicelandedinthesubcontinent,IndiaandPakistan,shewillbebetterinformedwithsomuchaboutcricket,anoutletandsharedloveforRicetobringthetwocountriestogetherthatshecanbearealexpert,ashrewddiploma.Unit16

CondiontheRiseQuestionsfordiscussionTheseisnoone“correct”answerasthisquestionisopen.Thestudentscansearchforasmuchinformationastheylikeoreven“playaroleintheWhiteHouse”formoredramaticeffects.Thisisalsoopen.Thestudentscanestablishaforumtohaveaheateddebateoverthedomesticorinternationalaffairsbyholdingthecertainappointed“positionintheWhiteHouse”orinothercountries’governmentstogomuchfurtherindetail.Unit16

CondiontheRiseAnswersKeyReadingcomprehension★1.A2.C3.C4.A5.D6.C7.A8.B9.C10.DVocabulary★A.1.A2.D3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.B10.D★B.1.B2.C3.D4.B5.A6.B7.C8.C9.B10.C

Cloze★1.B2.A3.A4.B5.C6.D7.B8.C9.D10.BUnit16

CondiontheRiseAnswersKey

Translation

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

2006年1月18日，賴斯宣布繼續(xù)重組國務(wù)院(theStateDepartment)的計(jì)劃，其目標(biāo)包括安置數(shù)以百計(jì)的美國外交官，同時(shí)為了更加專業(yè)化的提升和具備一定的先決條件，還要加強(qiáng)語言技能的培養(yǎng)及對外國文化的了解。賴斯博士賦予了這次新的創(chuàng)意一個(gè)名字“改良式的外交”。盡管賴斯否認(rèn)有意總統(tǒng)的寶座，但很多民意調(diào)查測驗(yàn)仍然表明她會(huì)成為共和黨最有可能被提名的一號人物或二號人物。Unit16

CondiontheRiseAnswersKey

Translation

B.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★1.Afterthecompetition,hegarneredbigheadlinesandhugephotosbyhavingtoppedallhisrivals.

★2.Theperceptionhasbeengivenaboostbytheuniversitiesthatthosewhocandoanexcellentjobinphysicaltrainingcanbeensuredthattheirprogramscanbesomehowprolongedfortheirparticipationininternationalcontests.

Unit16

CondiontheRiseTranslation

B.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★3.Thepresidentmetwiththeprizewinnersindividuallybutsteeredclearoftheideathattheycouldnotseethisastheirplacementtests.

★4.John’sparentsmayhavenochoiceintheendbuttoofferhimanarrayofcarrotsandsticksliketheonestheyhavedangled