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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京聯(lián)合大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Keplerreconciledastronomywithphysics,andsubstitutedforfictitiousclockworkauniverseofmaterialbodiesnotunliketheearth,freelyfloatingandturninginspace,movedbyforces(

).

問題1選項

A.actedonthem

B.beingactedonit

C.actingonthem

D.havingactedonit

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法知識。句意:開普勒綜合了天文學和物理學,用宇宙中與地球相似的實質天體替換了虛構的運行規(guī)律,這些天體在天空中自由運動、旋轉,由作用在他們上面的力驅動運轉。本題考查的是分詞做后置定語的用法,force與them是主動關系,因此act用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。因此C選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Sobadly(

)inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.

問題1選項

A.didheinjure

B.injuredhim

C.washeinjured

D.hewasinjured

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意:他在車禍里傷得太厲害了,以至于他不得不在醫(yī)院待了幾個月。sothat句子中,so位于句首時句子需要部分倒裝,B、D排除;答案選C。

3.單選題

Theseillegalimmigrantshavetoworklonghoursadaydespitetheappallingworkingconditions.

問題1選項

A.bewildering

B.exasperating

C.dismaying

D.upsetting

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。appalling表示“可怕的,令人震驚的”;A項bewildering“使人困惑的”,B項exasperating“使人惱怒的”,C項dismaying“令人震驚的,令人驚恐的”,D項upsetting“令人心煩意亂的”。句意:盡管工作條件惡劣,這些非法移民每天還是得工作很長時間。根據(jù)句意可知,選擇C項正確。

4.單選題

Salariesfor(

)positionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.

問題1選項

A.legal

B.optional

C.voluntary

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】句意:做臨時性的工作拿到的工資好像比固定工作要高。

形容詞辨析。Legal法律的,合法的;optional可選擇的,隨意的;voluntary自愿的;temporary臨時的。根據(jù)句子已知信息permanentones(固定工作)推測D符合句意。

5.單選題

Thereseemstobenoalternativebut_______theoffer.

問題1選項

A.accept

B.toaccept

C.accepting

D.hayingaccepted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定結構。no...but或者nothingbut...后面接不定式to加動詞原形,為固定句型。選項B正確。

6.單選題

______,theworseIseemtofeel.

問題1選項

A.WhenItakemoremedicine

B.ThemoremedicineItake

C.Takingmoreofthemedicine

D.Moremedicinetaken

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.WhenItakemoremedicine當我吃更多的藥B.ThemoremedicineItake我吃的藥越多

C.Takingmoreofthemedicine吃更多的藥D.Moremedicinetaken更多的藥被吃

【答案】B

【考查點】固定句式。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后面的theworse(更糟)可知,the+比較級,the+比較級表示“越……,越……”。因此,該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

A、C項填入空格中,后面句子應該用正常語序;

D項缺少主語,且動詞邏輯主語和后面句子的主語不一致。

【句意】我吃的藥越多,感覺越糟。

7.單選題

A(n)______ofemploymentopportunities_____prospectiveemployeesenteringthejobmarket.

問題1選項

A.excess;impedes

B.surfeit;hinder

C.lack;inspires

D.dearth;discourages

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞匯辨析。A選項excess“超過,超額;過度,過量;無節(jié)制”;impede“阻礙;妨礙;阻止”;B選項surfeit“過度;飲食過度;惡心(由于飲食過度所引起)”;hinder“成為阻礙;阻礙;打擾”;C選項lack“缺乏,不足”;inspire“激發(fā);鼓舞;啟示;產生;使生靈感”;D選項dearth“缺乏;饑饉;糧食不足”,較lack更正式;discourage“阻止;使氣餒”。句意:就業(yè)機會的缺乏阻礙了未來的雇員進入就業(yè)市場。因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

Contestantswhodonot()theregulationswillbedisqualified.

問題1選項

A.cooperatewith

B.complywith

C.approve

D.submitto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項cooperatewith“合作,協(xié)作”;B選項complywith“遵從,依照”;C選項approve“贊成”;D選項submitto“屈服,順從”。句意:不遵守規(guī)定的參賽者將被取消參賽資格。本句表示遵守比賽規(guī)定。因此B選項正確。

9.單選題

Underthis(

)pressuresomeoftherocksevenbecameliquid.

問題1選項

A.intensive

B.weighty

C.intense

D.bulky

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。intensive加強的,集中的;weighty重大的,重的;bulky龐大的,笨重的;intense極度的,強烈的,劇烈的。句意:在這種高強度的壓力下,一些巖石甚至變成了液體。由“someoftherocksevenbecameliquid”可知巖石受到了極大的壓力,故答案C

10.單選題

Theremarkable()oflifeontheGalopagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwintoestablishhistheoryofevolution.

問題1選項

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】詞匯題。variety變種,

多樣,

種種;classification分類,

類別,

級別;density

稠密,

密度;diversion轉移,

消遣。根據(jù)句意,這里應該是生命的多樣性。選項B正確。句意:加拉帕戈斯群島上生命的顯著多樣性啟發(fā)了查爾斯·達爾文建立了他的進化論。

11.單選題

Hisfameprovedtobeaflashinthepan—hisfirstbookwaspopularbuthehasn’twrittenanything(

)since.

問題1選項

A.innovative

B.descriptive

C.intangible

D.intelligible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞辨析。innovative“創(chuàng)新的”;descriptive“描述的”;intangible“無形的,難以琢磨的”;intelli“容易理解的”。句意:他的名氣猶如曇花一現(xiàn)——他的第一本書很暢銷,但之后再也沒有寫出有新意的東西。選項A符合句意。

12.單選題

ManysocialobserversinChinaareconcernedthatchildrengrowingupinvillagesawayfromtheirmotherandfatherlackofparentalloveandmayhavetroublebecomingresponsibleadultsastheyentertheirtwenties.

問題1選項

A.areconcernedthat

B.lackofparentallove

C.troublebecoming

D.astheyentertheirtwenties

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】動詞誤用。Lack后面去掉of。動詞lack(缺乏)為及物動詞,可以直接作謂語動詞,不需要加介詞of。

13.單選題

The()pointofviewpresentsideasandfactsthatbothsupportersandopponentscanagree.

問題1選項

A.main

B.controversial

C.subjective

D.neutral

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項main“主要的,最大的”,B選項controversial“引起爭論的,有爭議的”,C選項subjective“主觀的,個人的”,D選項neutral“中立的,中性的”,中立的觀點代表了支持者和反對者都能認同的觀點和事實。因此,D選項符合句意。

14.填空題

Directions:ForQuestions6-10,youwillhearaninterviewwithanexpertonmarriageproblems.Whileyoulisten,completethesentensesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestionsbelow.(5points)

6.Whatshouldbetheprimarysourceofhelpforatroubledcouple?

7.Writingdownalistofprobleminthemarriagemayhelpatroubledcouplediscussthem.

8.Whoshouldacoupleconsiderseriouslyturningtoiftheycan’ttalkwitheachother?

9.Priestsareusuallyunsuccessfulincounselingtroubledcouplesdespitetheir().

10.Accordingtotheoldnotion,whatwillmakeheartsgrowfonder?

【答案】6.(thecouple)themselves

7.constructively

8.aqualifiedpsychologist

9.goodintentions

10.absence

15.單選題

()morbidlyaggressiveperson,hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.

問題1選項

A.A

B.Being

C.As

D.Tobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子成分。A選項A“一個;一位”;B選項Being“作為”引導主語從句;C選項As“作為”引導定語從句;D選項Tobe“成為”引導目的狀語從句。主句hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.(他甚至會把別人的凝視看作是一種冒犯。)句中成分完整,因此可排除B,C,D選項。句意:一個極其好斗的人,他甚至會把一個眼神注視當作一種侵犯。前面的句子用逗號隔開,可充當主語he的同位語。因此A選項符合題意。

16.單選題

TheUNSecurityCouncilinvestigatesquarrelsbetweennationsandsuggestswaysofsettlingthem.Ifanynationendangersthepeace,thecouncilmayuseeconomic(sanctions)againstit.

問題1選項

A.restrictions

B.oppressions

C.reforms

D.penalties

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。sanction表示“制裁,處罰,認可”;A項restriction“限制,約束,束縛”,B項oppression“壓抑,鎮(zhèn)壓,壓迫手段”,C項reform“改革,改良,改正”,D項penalty“罰款,罰金,處罰”。句意:聯(lián)合國安理會負責調查國家間的爭端,并提出解決辦法;如果任何國家危及和平,安理會可以對其實施經濟制裁。因此,根據(jù)句意可知D選項正確。

17.單選題

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent(富裕的)SocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedUtopian(烏托邦式的)possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity(肥胖癥).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

問題1選項

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

問題2選項

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

問題3選項

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

問題4選項

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

問題5選項

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith(為什么越來越多的財富不能帶來越來越多的幸福呢?這個問題至少可以追溯到1958年約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯出版的《富裕社會》),說明約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在《富裕社會》一書中提出了為什么財富不能帶來幸福的問題。因此B選項“為什么富裕并不能保證幸福”正確。A選項“為什么統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)不能說明經濟的真相”,C選項“今天如何能促進幸?!保珼選項“經濟繁榮的背后是什么”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.(在加爾布雷斯看來,物質主義太盛行,會滋生不滿情緒。),說明加爾布雷斯認為人們感覺不滿意的原因是物質主義的肆虐。因此D選項“物質主義在現(xiàn)代社會肆意橫行”正確。A選項“公共開支沒有像預期的那樣被削減”,B選項“政府已被證明是一種必要的罪惡”不是加爾布雷斯認為人們不滿的觀點,所以A,B錯誤。C選項“他們對另一次大蕭條心存恐懼”,由原文可知,現(xiàn)代社會的美國已經消除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的不幸:貧窮、疾病和寒冷,對經濟蕭條的恐懼不會成為他們不滿的原因,所以C錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants(人們感覺“財政緊張”,因為增長的收入滿足不了他們越來越多的需求),說明物質追求超出了人們的收入。因此A選項“他們的物質追求已經遠遠超過了他們的收入”正確。B選項“他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降”,C選項“財富的分配在富人和窮人之間是不平衡的”,D選項“衛(wèi)生保健和教育費用在某種程度上已經失去了控制”在文中均沒有提及,所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.語義推測題。由題干關鍵詞“thedisposableAmerican”可以定位到文章第五段Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.(人們把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分。隨著企業(yè)裁員的增加,這部分已經被侵蝕。路易斯?烏奇捷利在他的同名書中寫道,越來越多的工人認為自己變成了“被遺棄的美國人”。),說明人們把工作穩(wěn)定當作生活水平的一部分,而被解雇的人越多,這種工作安全感也就削弱了,“被遺棄的美國人”在文中是指“沒有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”。因此D選項“不再有穩(wěn)定工作的工人”正確。A選項“那些把工作的穩(wěn)定性看作是他們生活水平的一部分的人”,B選項“因富裕而產生烏托邦思想的人”,C選項“在美國政治中沒有什么發(fā)言權的人”均不符合題意,所以A,B,C錯誤。

5.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第七段第二句Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.(但是,對增長的追求導致了新的焦慮和經濟沖突,擾亂了社會秩序。),說明追求富??赡軒硇碌慕箲]和經濟沖突。因此C選項“新的沖突和抱怨”正確。A選項“重新獲得經濟保障”,B選項“一種自我實現(xiàn)的感覺”,D選項“痛苦和反社會行為”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,D錯誤。

18.單選題

Sinceitsinception,Pakistanhasstriveddesperatelyto_____India,cultivatingtieswithanystatewillingtohelpit.

問題1選項

A.counteract

B.counterfeited

C.counterchange

D.counterbalance

【答案】A

【解析】counteract對抗,阻礙,中和;counterfeit偽造,假冒;counterchange交換,調換;counterbalance抵消,平衡。句意:從一開始,巴基斯坦就拼命對抗印度,與任何愿意幫助它的國家建立聯(lián)系。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.

Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theU.S.spent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1,540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”,sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Askaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat(

).

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof

).

4.IncontrasttotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare

).

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat(

).

問題1選項

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy

問題2選項

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

C.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

問題3選項

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.Slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

問題4選項

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

問題5選項

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.(據(jù)說在英國死亡是迫在眉睫的,在加拿大死亡是不可避免的,在加利福尼亞死亡是可選擇的)以及其后介紹的醫(yī)療技術的進步,使美國人在過去的一個世紀里,預期壽命幾乎翻了一翻,因此C選項“美國人對他們的醫(yī)療技術過于自信”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Deathisnormal...Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.(死亡是正常的……我們要求一切可以為我們做的事情,即使它是無用的。最明顯的例子是晚期癌癥護理。醫(yī)生們因無法治愈疾病而感到沮喪,并且擔心病人失去希望,他們常常采用遠遠超出科學依據(jù)的極端治療)可知A選項“醫(yī)療資源經常被浪費”符合題意。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Lamm定位到文章第三段中,可知Lamm的觀點是theoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”(年老體弱的人有義務死亡,以免擋住道路)。由第四段中的Iwouldnotgothatfar...Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.(我不會走這么遠……作為一個只有68歲的人,我希望能像他們一樣富有成效地衰老)和最后一段中的Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful...wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycures(我知道最昂貴和最戲劇性的措施可能是無效和痛苦的……我們可能為尋求不太可能治愈的方法提供了過多的資金)可推測作者基本同意Lamm的觀點,但仍然有所保留,因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.(我還知道,日本和瑞典的人們在醫(yī)療上花費更少,他們的壽命比我們的更長,更健康)可知D選項“更合理”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段提出盡管有一個偉大的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體系,但死亡不可避免;第二段提出死亡是正常的,但我們卻想盡一切方法來延緩生命;第三段提出醫(yī)療資源不應該被浪費在一些沒有挽救意義的人身上;第四段提出老年人的生活也可以是有價值的;第五段指出壽命的長短,依靠的不僅僅是醫(yī)療資源,應該合理使用。故本文旨在說明人們要勇于接受死亡,因此C選項“死亡應該被接受為生活中的事實”符合題意。

20.單選題

InChinaalthoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.

問題1選項

A.disposable

B.redundant

C.equivalent

D.interchangeable

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。A選項disposable“一次性的;可自由支配的”;B選項redundant“多余的”;C選項equivalent“(價值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等)相等的,相同的”;D選項interchangeable“可交換的,可互換的”。句意:在中國,盡管許多地區(qū)的人們比富裕地區(qū)的人掙得少得多,但他們在______商品上的花費也少得多,比如住房。根據(jù)語境,住房對于錢多和錢少的人重要性相同,C選項equivalent“(價值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等)相等的,相同的”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

21.單選題

Heisas_____apoliticianasyoucanfindanywhere.There’snotahintofscandalinhislongcareer.

問題1選項

A.scrupulous

B.voracious

C.epicurean

D.profuse

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項“一絲不茍的;審慎正直的”,B項“貪吃的;渴求的”,C項“享樂的;吃喝玩樂的”,D項“大量的;慷慨的”,根據(jù)后一句“在他漫長的職業(yè)生涯中沒有一絲丑聞”,故選A。

22.翻譯題

在20世紀50年代早期到60年代中期,營養(yǎng)學歷史的第三個時期種,維生素療法開始變得聲名狼藉。隨之而來的是在醫(yī)科學校中營養(yǎng)學教育也變得不那么熱門了。就在這種情況發(fā)生的十年前,許多醫(yī)藥公司發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的維生素銷量猛增,并迅速把大量維生素樣品和宣傳材料提供給開業(yè)醫(yī)師,這些材料大肆喧揚補充各種與健康相關狀況的維生素的好處。對維生素在疾病控制方面成功的期望被夸大了。正如在回顧這種狀況時大家都知道的,維生素和礦物療法在用于治療嚴重的健康狀況時比治療長期因營養(yǎng)不良而導致的慢性健康問題時效果要小的多。

【答案】Fromtheearly1950stothemiddle1960s,namely,inthethirdhistoricperiodofnutrition,vitamintherapiesbegantobecomenotorious.Consequently,thenutritioncourseinmedicalschoolsbecamelesspopular.Justbeforeadecadeago,manypharmaceuticalcompaniesfoundthesalesofvitaminsoaring.Sotheyquicklyprovidedplentyofvitaminsamplesandpromotionalmaterials,whichwouldpublicizethebenefitoftakingvitamins,formedicalpractitioners.Asaresult,itexaggeratedthefunctionofvitaminstosuccessfullycontroldisease.Itiswell-knownthatcurativeeffectofvitaminandmineraltherapyforthetreatmentofseriousdiseaseismuchlessthanthatofthetreatmentofchronicdisease,suchasmalnutrition.

23.翻譯題

WhenvisitingtheU.K.andlookingtoseewhatphonesthelocalsuse,oddsarethateveryotheronehasGoogleorAndroiddeviceinhand.ResearchfromKantarWorldpanelComTechbywayoftheMobileBusinessBriefingindicatesthatAndroidphonescommanda49.9percentmarketshareintheU.K.,upfrom29percentayearago.MuchoftheAndroidsharecomesattheexpenseofacompetitoryoumightexpecttobehurtingtoobadly:Apple’siPhone.

ThereareafewreasonsIcanthinkofthatexplainthenumbers,andIexpectabitofareversalinthenextsixmonthsorso.First,eventhoughtheiPhone4wasapopularmodelformorethanayear,otherAndroidphonesarrivedtothemarketbeforethetraditionalyearlyiPhonerefresh.IsuspectsomeintheU.K.decidednottowaitfortheiPhone4SandinsteadpurchasedanewSamsungorHTCdevice.Indeed,thesetwohandsetmakersaccountedfor83percentofallAndroidsalesintheU.K.inthethree-monthperiodendingOct.2.

【答案】答:

如果你在英國,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)街上每兩個人中就有一個使用的是安裝谷歌或安卓系統(tǒng)的智能手機。市場研究公司KantarWorldpanelComTech通過移動商業(yè)簡報完成的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),安卓手機在英國市場的市占率達49.9%,環(huán)比上升了29%。而安卓手機的市場份額大多數(shù)來自于蘋果公司的iPhone。

為什么市場份額會有這么大的變動?我想原因有很多,而且我預計在未來六個月內將有一定的反彈。首先,雖然iPhone4已經流行了一年多,但更多的安卓手機趁蘋果公司新款發(fā)布會之前進入了市場。我猜測一些人決定不再等待iPhone4S,轉而購買了三星或者HTC的新款手機。截至十月二日,在過去的三個月期間,這兩大手機生產商占據(jù)了英國安卓手機83%的份額。

24.單選題

Sittingonthetable,twosmallkittenswere()roundtheinsideoftheemptyhamtin.

問題1選項

A.swallowing

B.licking

C.chewing

D.munching

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項swallow“忍受;吞沒”;B選項lick“舔;戰(zhàn)勝”;C選項chew“嚼碎,咀嚼”;D選項munch“用力咀嚼;大聲咀嚼”。句意:坐在桌子上的兩只小貓,正舔著空火腿罐內部的四周。根據(jù)句意可知,B選項正確。

25.單選題

Myworkwithleadersfromallwalksoflifehas(

)methattheywerenotbornleaders—theyaremade.

問題1選項

A.advocated

B.implied

C.convinced

D.illustrated

【答案】C

【解析】convincesb.that“使某人相信...”。句意:我與各行各業(yè)領導人的共事讓我相信,他們不是天生的領導者,而是后天形成的。選項C正確。

26.單選題

()suchasawashingmachineandmicrowaveofferalotofconveniencetopeopleintheirhousework.

問題1選項

A.Applications

B.Instruments

C.Appliances

D.Facilities

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項application表示“應用;申請;應用程序”;B選項instrument表示“儀器;工具;樂器;手段;器械”;C選項appliance表示“裝置;器具,器械(尤指家用電器)”;D選項facility表示“設備,工具;容易;靈巧;才能;天賦”。根據(jù)awashingmachineandmicrowave(洗衣機和微波爐)可知,句意是指家用電器為人們在家務上提供了很多方便。因此,本題的正確答案為C項。

27.單選題

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas()fivemiles.

問題1選項

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.apparently

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項precisely表示“精確地,恰恰”;B選項appropriately表示“恰當?shù)?,合適地”;C選項apparently表示“顯然地,表面上”;D選項approximately表示“大約,近似地”。根據(jù)句中關鍵信息Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistance可知,我們沒有辦法測量準確距離。所以后文中的距離只能是大約值,因此本題正確答案為D項?!揪湟狻课覀儧]有辦法測量走過的準確距離,但我們認為大約是5英里。

28.單選題

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(靈長目動物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years—duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged().

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate().

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution().

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat().

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat().

問題1選項

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

問題2選項

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

問題3選項

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hadhadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

問題4選項

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth’senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

問題5選項

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第—段指出:Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease(在迫使自己周邊的很多動物幾乎絕滅后,人類被迫放棄舊的生活方式而選擇導致大范圍饑荒和疾病的全新生存策略),因此選A:放棄自己向前的生活方式。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastrono

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