考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海視覺藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-上海視覺藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列哪項(xiàng)不是文章提到的關(guān)于年輕人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年輕人受了良好的教育。他們花錢享受自由。他們很快成長(zhǎng)并且不依賴父母?！保═heyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents），由此可以得知只有選項(xiàng)D“努力工作”沒有提及到，符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“年輕人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他們懷疑上一代人的設(shè)想，并且打破了他們的滿足狀態(tài)”（Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency），第二段后面的那幾個(gè)問句都體現(xiàn)出了年輕一代不再固守成規(guī)，不愿意像上一代人一樣，選項(xiàng)C“一致性”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么年輕人強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在”。文章最后一段提到“對(duì)現(xiàn)在的重視是意料之中的，因?yàn)槟贻p人是在炸彈的陰影下長(zhǎng)大，且經(jīng)受著被徹底毀滅的威脅”（Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“老一輩能從年輕一輩那里學(xué)到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一輩愿意學(xué)習(xí)年輕一輩的話，最重要的一課便是享受并不是罪過(guò)（Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

GiladShalit,anIsraelisoldierheldformorethanfiveyearsbyHamas,theIslamistPalestiniangroupthatrunsGaza,wasfreedinexchange（）1,027Palestinianprisoners.Thefirstbatchof477ofthemwasreleasedthisweek;theremainderareexpectedtobelet（）nextmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.for,out

B.for,off

C.of,out

D.of,off

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。inexchangefor“用……交換(物品間交換)”；inexchangeof“換取”；let(sb)off“寬恕，使爆炸/爆發(fā)”；let(sb)out“釋放/放出，泄露，出租”。句意：吉拉德?沙利特，一名被管理加沙的巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭組織哈馬斯關(guān)押了5年多的以色列士兵，以交換1027名巴勒斯坦囚犯為條件后獲釋。其中的477人已于本周獲釋，其余的人預(yù)計(jì)將于下月獲釋。由題意可知第一空應(yīng)該填inexchangeof，第二空應(yīng)填letout，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Probablythehardestpartofsettinggoalsisthefirststepofactuallydecidingtotakeaction!Thefirstbarrierfacingmostpeopleistheincorrectassumptionthatgoalsareonlyforbusinesspeople.Therealityiseveryonesetsgoalsmentallythroughouttheday.Therearealwaysoccasionswheresomethinghastobedoneataparticulartimeorinaparticularplace.Simpleexamplescouldbegettingupatacertaintimeinordertobeatwork,ortomeetwithafriendforaleisureactivity.

Thebeautyofhavinggoalsistheuniquenessofeachonetothegoalsetter.Whetheritispersonal,financial,businessorspiritual,theyareallspecifictothatpersonandtheircircumstances.

Themostimportantpartinitiallyistowritethemdown.Havinggoalswrittendowngivesyouincrediblepowerwhilehelpingyoutofocusonthisarea.

Aimforsomethingthatwillstretchyouwhileremainingachievable.Ifyouachieveyourgoaltooeasily,itisnothighenoughtomakeanysignificantchangeinyourlifeandneedstobeadjusted.Ontheotherhand,ifyouconsistentlymissthegoals,re-evaluate,andconsidersettingthemalittlelowerasyouwillonlygetdiscouragedandprobablygiveup.Theaimistokeepgrowing,andmovingintoamoresatisfactorypositionforyourparticularcircumstance.

Asyouobtainthelevelsthatyouhavesetforyourself,alwaysincludeasmallrewardateachpoint.Thismightonlybeasmallthingintheearlydayslikeamealoutoraweekendvacation.

Rememberthatthesechangeswillnothappenovernightandtherewillbeaperiodoftimewhennothingseemstobehappening.Thisiswhythegoalsneedtobedetailedandasspecificaspossiblewithaconsequenceandabenefit.

Allowsometimeonadailybasistoeducateyourselfonhowtomakethenecessaryadjustmentsinyourlife.ThiscouldincludelisteningtoaCD,orreadingabookonmotivation,etc.

Asimplemethodtostartwithcouldbeonegoalinthemainareasoflifetobeachievedinonemonth,sixmonths,twelvemonthsorfiveyears.Breakthatdownfurtherintoadaily,weeklyandmonthlysystem.Stayfocusedanddisciplinedtoachieveallthatyoudesire.

41.ThesimpleexamplesinParagraph1conveythemessagethat______.

42.Thecharmofhavinggoalsisthateachgoalis______.

43.Agoodgoalisonethat______.

44.Goalshavetobedetailedsothatpeople______.

45.Foragoaltobeachieved,onehasto______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goalsaresetmostlyforimportantthings

B.mostpeopleknowwhenitistimetosetgoals

C.itisnecessarytosetgoalsoccasionally

D.peoplesetgoalstogetthingsdoneallthetime

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.important

B.motivated

C.special

D.spiritual

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.keepsgrowingallthetime

B.ishighenoughyetattainable

C.movesoneintoasatisfactoryposition

D.isevaluatedfromtimetotime

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.willeventuallyreachthelevelssetforthemselves

B.canknowtheirachievementsateachstage

C.maygetsmallrewardssuchasamealout

D.canadjustthemonvariousoccasions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.concentrateonituntilisattained

B.adaptoneselftonewchanges

C.divertfromroutinesometimes

D.believeinwhatheisdoing

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“第一段的簡(jiǎn)單例子傳達(dá)了一個(gè)什么信息”。第一段第三句提到Therealityiseveryonesetsgoalsmentallythroughouttheday.Therearealwaysoccasionswheresomethinghastobedoneataparticulartimeorinaparticularplace.（事實(shí)上，每個(gè)人每天都在心里設(shè)定目標(biāo)?？傆幸恍﹫?chǎng)合需要在特定的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)做一些事情），由此可知，第一段講述簡(jiǎn)單的例子是為了向讀者傳達(dá)人們?cè)O(shè)定目標(biāo)來(lái)完成事情，故D項(xiàng)“人們總是設(shè)定目標(biāo)來(lái)完成事情”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“設(shè)定目標(biāo)主要是為了重要的事情”，文中只提到了某些事情，并沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)重要的事情，這是偷換概念；B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人都知道什么時(shí)候該設(shè)定目標(biāo)”，第一段第二句提到Thefirstbarrierfacingmostpeopleistheincorrectassumptionthatgoalsareonlyforbusinesspeople.（大多數(shù)人面臨的第一個(gè)障礙是錯(cuò)誤的假設(shè)，認(rèn)為目標(biāo)只適用于商務(wù)人士），由此可知，大多數(shù)人不知道目標(biāo)適用于每一個(gè)人，因此該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“偶爾設(shè)定目標(biāo)是必要的”沒有提到。故該題選D正確。

42.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“擁有目標(biāo)的魅力在于每個(gè)目標(biāo)都是……”。文章第二段提到Thebeautyofhavinggoalsistheuniquenessofeachonetothegoalsetter.（設(shè)定目標(biāo)的美妙之處在于每個(gè)目標(biāo)對(duì)設(shè)定者來(lái)說(shuō)都是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的），由uniqueness可知，設(shè)立目標(biāo)的奇妙之處在于它的獨(dú)特性，獨(dú)一無(wú)二的同義詞是special，故C項(xiàng)“特別的”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“重要的”和B項(xiàng)“有動(dòng)機(jī)的”文中都沒有提到；D項(xiàng)“精神的，高尚的”是指目標(biāo)的類型，故該題選C正確。

43.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干的意思是“好的目標(biāo)是……”。第四段第一句話提到Aimforsomethingthatwillstretchyouwhileremainingachievable.（把目標(biāo)定在那些既能拓展你的能力又能保持可實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情上），由此可知一個(gè)好的目標(biāo)是超出自身的水平但是仍然可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，故B項(xiàng)“足夠高但是可以達(dá)到”更符合題意；A項(xiàng)“一直保持發(fā)展”和C項(xiàng)“使一個(gè)人達(dá)到一個(gè)滿意的位置”，在第四段最后一句提到Theaimistokeepgrowing,andmovingintoamoresatisfactorypositionforyourparticularcircumstance（我們的目標(biāo)是不斷發(fā)展，并針對(duì)您的特殊情況找到一個(gè)更令人滿意的職位）這是設(shè)定目標(biāo)的內(nèi)容/目的，因此這兩項(xiàng)不符合題意；D項(xiàng)“不時(shí)的評(píng)估”，根據(jù)句子Ontheotherhand,ifyouconsistentlymissthegoals,re-evaluate,andconsidersettingthemalittlelowerasyouwillonlygetdiscouragedandprobablygiveup.（另一方面，如果你總是錯(cuò)過(guò)目標(biāo)，重新評(píng)估，考慮把目標(biāo)定得低一點(diǎn)，那么你只會(huì)感到沮喪，很可能會(huì)放棄），由此可知不時(shí)評(píng)估目標(biāo)不是真正的好目標(biāo)；故該題選B正確。

44.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干的意思是“目標(biāo)必須詳細(xì)以便于人們……”。根據(jù)文章的倒數(shù)第三段Rememberthatthesechangeswillnothappenovernightandtherewillbeaperiodoftimewhennothingseemstobehappening.Thisiswhythegoalsneedtobedetailedandasspecificaspossiblewithaconsequenceandabenefit.（記住，這些變化不會(huì)在一夜之間發(fā)生，會(huì)有一段時(shí)間似乎什么都沒有發(fā)生。這就是為什么目標(biāo)要盡可能的詳細(xì)和具體，并且要考慮到結(jié)果和好處。）可知，因?yàn)槟繕?biāo)不會(huì)一下子實(shí)現(xiàn)，甚至可能一段時(shí)間都會(huì)感覺什么都沒發(fā)生，所以目標(biāo)要盡可能地詳細(xì)以便于人們能夠知道他們到達(dá)哪一步，因此B項(xiàng)“可以知道他們?cè)诿總€(gè)階段的成就”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“最終會(huì)達(dá)到為自己設(shè)定的水平”沒有提到；C項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)得到一些小獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，比如出去吃飯”，文章第五段提到Asyouobtainthelevelsthatyouhavesetforyourself,alwaysincludeasmallrewardateachpoint.（當(dāng)你獲得自己設(shè)定的關(guān)卡時(shí)，在每一個(gè)點(diǎn)上都包含一個(gè)小獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)），由此可知小獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是達(dá)到設(shè)定的目標(biāo)后所獲得的，而不是目標(biāo)要詳細(xì)的原因；D項(xiàng)“可以在不同場(chǎng)合調(diào)整”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Allowsometimeonadailybasistoeducateyourselfonhowtomakethenecessaryadjustmentsinyourlife.（每天給自己一些時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)如何在你的生活中做出必要的調(diào)整）可知，是在生活中做出調(diào)整，而不是任何場(chǎng)合。故該題選B正確。

45.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“為了實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)目標(biāo)，你必須……”。文章最后一句提到Stayfocusedanddisciplinedtoachieveallthatyoudesire（保持專注和自律，去實(shí)現(xiàn)你想要的一切），由此可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)必須要保持自律和專注，故A項(xiàng)“對(duì)目標(biāo)專注直到達(dá)到它”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“使自己適應(yīng)新的變化”，C項(xiàng)“有時(shí)偏離常規(guī)”和D項(xiàng)“相信正在干的事情”沒有提到；因此該題選A正確。

4.單選題

Ifaspeciesofparasiteistosurvive,thehostorganismsmustlivelongenoughfortheparasitetoreproduce;ifthehostspeciesbecomes______,sodoitsparasites.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.succumbed

B.extinct

C.infertile

D.widespread

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)succumbed為succumb的過(guò)去分詞，表示“屈服”，B項(xiàng)extinct“滅絕的，絕種的”，C項(xiàng)infertile“不肥沃的，不毛的”，D項(xiàng)widespread“普遍的，廣泛的”。由hostorganisms（宿主）可知，hostspecies指的一種寄生蟲寄生的生物，而前面是說(shuō)“如果一種寄生蟲要存活，宿主必須活得足夠長(zhǎng)，以便寄生蟲繁殖”，那么后面講的是另外一種情況，所以只有B項(xiàng)符合。句意：如果一種寄生蟲要存活下來(lái)，宿主有機(jī)體必須活得足夠長(zhǎng)，以便寄生蟲繁殖；如果宿主物種滅絕，它的寄生蟲也會(huì)滅絕。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Thenewscommentatorsaysthattheargumentthespeakerhaspresenteddoesnot（）water.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.contain

C.include

D.hold

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。holdwater意為“站得住腳，合情合理，說(shuō)得通”。這里指演講者提出的論點(diǎn)說(shuō)不通。選項(xiàng)D正確。

6.單選題

Thecarinfront____suddenlyatthetrafficlight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pulledin

B.pulledinto

C.pulledup

D.pulledthrough

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pulledin停下B.pulledinto駛?cè)搿笸Ｏ?，如進(jìn)站、進(jìn)車庫(kù)等

C.pulledup慢慢停下D.pulledthrough渡過(guò)難關(guān)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析

【解題思路】空格處所填的內(nèi)容，受副詞suddenly“突然地”修飾，并且主語(yǔ)為“前面的車”，后文為“在紅綠燈處”，參考選項(xiàng)推斷原句表達(dá)的句意為“前面的車在紅綠燈那突然停下”。因此，A選項(xiàng)“停下”符合原句句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)pulledinto側(cè)重于指駛?cè)肽程幒笸Ｏ?，如進(jìn)站、進(jìn)車庫(kù)等，與“在紅綠燈處”矛盾；

C選項(xiàng)pulledup側(cè)重于指慢慢停下，與suddenly“突然地”矛盾；

D選項(xiàng)pulledthrough“渡過(guò)難關(guān)”，不符合原句句意。

【句意】前面的車在紅綠燈那突然停下。

7.單選題

Whenthehostessreceivedmycomplimentonhernewcar,sherespondedwithgreatpleasureabouthowthecarisa（）buy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modest

B.choice

C.superior

D.eloquent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:modest“謙虛的”；B:choice“精選的”；C:superior“優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；D:eloquent“意味深長(zhǎng)的”。句意：當(dāng)女主人聽到我對(duì)她新車的贊美，她高興地對(duì)我講起來(lái)這輛車是如何精心挑選的。結(jié)合此處句意，故B為正確答案。

8.單選題

Assoonasshecoulddosowithoutanappearanceofbeingrude,shepretendedto（）rose,andlefthimtherealone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.faint

B.urge

C.yawn

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。faint“昏倒，變得昏迷”；urge“催促，推進(jìn)”；yawn“打哈欠”；sink“下沉”。句意：只要她可以這么做而又不顯得無(wú)禮時(shí)，她假裝打了個(gè)哈欠，然后起身，留下他獨(dú)自呆在那里。只有C項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

IwilltellTomheisanadoptedchild,butIwilldoitinduecourse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atpropertime

B.ofcourse

C.inmyownway

D.soonerorlater

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。induecourse表示“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，及時(shí)”；A項(xiàng)atpropertime“在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，B項(xiàng)ofcourse“當(dāng)然”，C項(xiàng)inmyownway“以我自己的方式”，D項(xiàng)soonerorlater“遲早，早晚”。句意：我會(huì)告訴湯姆他是收養(yǎng)的孩子，但我會(huì)在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候告訴他。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

TheFrencheducationsystemisverydifferentfromtheEnglishoneinitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.TheFrenchchildtoo,therawmaterialofthiseducationisunliketheEnglishchildanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywellaccountfordifferencesintheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeingintellectuallymoreprecociousthantheproductofthechillierEnglishclimate.Thisisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinanursery.Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthantheFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisionbetweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.TheartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandissomuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren'sfavoritebooksaretranslationsfromtheEnglish.

Frenchparentsontheotherhand,dotheirbesttodevelopthechild'sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittlepatiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookuponchildhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthattheyneedtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayingsandofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.ReasonablenessislookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

1.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat（）.

2.ThepassagesuggeststhattheFrenchchild（）.

3.Theword"prelude"inthephrase"…,butnecessarypreludetoadultlife"(inthe2ndsentenceofParagraph3)probablymeans（）.

4.IncomparisonwithFrenchchildren,Englishchildren（）.

5.Frenchmothers（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.introductorystage

B.consequentevent

C.inevitableresult

D.acceptablereason

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.arelessintelligent

B.canstandchillierclimate

C.receivemorecarefromtheirparents

D.haveshorterchildhood

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirchildren

B.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirchildren'slives

C.theirchildren'sunexpectedlycleverremarks

D.lackpatienceineverything

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,英國(guó)和法國(guó)在教育體系方面有著很大的差別。同時(shí),作為教育的"原材料",兩個(gè)國(guó)家的孩子們也存在著區(qū)別。教育所采取的方法不同是因?yàn)樵牧喜煌?即因人而異。由此可推斷,教育上的差異,不僅是教育方法不同,"原材料"也存在差異。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)二三的的內(nèi)容可知,法國(guó)的父母總是以成年人的思維對(duì)待和要求孩子,所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.introductorystage引入時(shí)期;consequentevent隨之而來(lái)的事情;inevitableresult必然結(jié)果;acceptablereason可接受的原因。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容,兒童時(shí)期是成人生活的前奏,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段的第三句"Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation."英國(guó)父母很容易根據(jù)孩子的觀點(diǎn)調(diào)整他們的談話,并且使自己能夠?qū)⒆觽兊挠螒蚝完P(guān)注的一些幼稚的東西感興趣。說(shuō)明英國(guó)的孩子比法國(guó)孩子受到父母更多的關(guān)愛,選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Frenchmothers定位到最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句"ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise."法國(guó)母親不是通過(guò)要求孩子做個(gè)好人來(lái)打動(dòng)孩子的心,而是通過(guò)要求他做個(gè)聰明的人來(lái)打動(dòng)他的理智,這并非沒有意義。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

11.單選題

Sheis（）tothecostuntiltragedyaltersherlifeandthelivesofthosearoundher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ignorant

B.oblivious

C.unaware

D.unmindful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ignorant“無(wú)知的，愚昧的”；B選項(xiàng)oblivious“健忘的，不注意的”；C選項(xiàng)unaware“未察覺的”；D選項(xiàng)unmindful“漫不經(jīng)心的”。句意：直到悲劇改變了她和周圍人的生活，她才意識(shí)到代價(jià)的存在。能和介詞to搭配的只有B選項(xiàng)，beobliviousto是固定搭配，意為“不在意的；不以為意的”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitesStates.Thentherewasapopulation_1_tothelargecitiesintheNorth.Prejudice_2_blacksisoften_3_withtheSouth.Slaverywasmorecommonthereanddiscriminationwasusuallymoreblatant(easiertosee):Waterfountains,restrooms,andrestaurantswereoftendesignated“whiteonly”.

IntheNorth,discriminationwasusuallylessobvious,butcertainlyit_4_poorblackneighborhoods,ghettos,inmostlargecities.Thishappenedbecauseofdiscriminationinhousingandthemovementofwhitecity_5_tothesuburbs,oftencalled“whiteflight”.

Inthe1950sand1960s,blacksfoughttogain_6_treatment,andtheynowhavelegalprotection_7_housing,education,andemployment.Becausetheirneighborhoodsaresegregated,manyblacksfeelthateducationalopportunitiesarenot_8_fortheirchildren.Busingchildrenfromoneneighborhoodtoanotherisone_9_toinequalityineducation._10_,allparentswantthebestpossibleeducationfortheirchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surge

B.movement

C.change

D.shift

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toward

B.at

C.against

D.on

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.contributed

B.associated

C.related

D.referred

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.did

B.created

C.resulted

D.led

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.persons

B.citizens

C.residents

D.visitors

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.fair

B.good

C.excellent

D.best

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.in

C.on

D.at

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.adequate

B.much

C.rich

D.abundant

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.response

B.solution

C.field

D.correspondence

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.Naturally

C.Consequently

D.Fortunately

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:B

【解析】第1題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)surge“洶涌：用力向某一特定方向快速移動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)movement“運(yùn)動(dòng)，活動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)change“改變”；D選項(xiàng)shift“移動(dòng)：把某物從一個(gè)位置或地方移到另一個(gè)位置或地方”。句意：然后人口（）到北方的大城市。前文里面提到黑人主要生活在美國(guó)南部，后面說(shuō)“奴隸制在那里更為普遍，歧視通常更為明顯（更容易看到）”再結(jié)合第二段開頭“在北方，歧視通常不那么明顯……”，所以可以判斷出應(yīng)該是南方的黑人轉(zhuǎn)移到了北方，這里不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否用特定的方式快速移動(dòng)，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；且空格后有to，一般shift和to搭配。D選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:考查固定搭配。句意：關(guān)于黑人的偏見總是（）南方。這里的名詞Prejudice一般和介詞against搭配，所以答案選C。

第3題:考查固定搭配。句意：關(guān)于黑人的偏見總是（）南方?？崭窈竺嬗薪樵~with；選項(xiàng)中能和with搭配的只有B選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B。

第4題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)did“確實(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)created“創(chuàng)造”；C選項(xiàng)resulted“導(dǎo)致”；D選項(xiàng)led“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”。句意：因?yàn)榇_實(shí)，它（）不富裕的黑人鄰居以及貧民窟。這里根據(jù)上下文意思，北方的歧視雖然不那么明顯但是還是存在，所以造成了有貧民窟現(xiàn)象。所以答案選B。Do是助動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)，所以不選；C選項(xiàng)是不及物動(dòng)詞后面得接介詞再接賓語(yǔ)，所以不選；lead單獨(dú)使用的時(shí)候“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，引領(lǐng)”的意思，leadto才是導(dǎo)致的意思，所以D選項(xiàng)不能選。

第5題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)persons“人”；B選項(xiàng)citizens“市民，公民”；C選項(xiàng)residents“居民”；D選項(xiàng)visitors“游客”。句意：這是因?yàn)樽》糠矫娴钠缫暎约俺鞘邪兹耍ǎ┻w往郊區(qū)，這通常被稱為“白人外逃”。這里根據(jù)上下文詞義填“居民”最為合適，所以答案選C，因?yàn)榭崭袂懊嬗衏ity修飾，如果再填citizens會(huì)造成語(yǔ)義重復(fù)，所以B選項(xiàng)不選。

第6題:考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)fair“公平的”；B選項(xiàng)good“好的”；C選項(xiàng)excellent“卓越的，杰出的”；D選項(xiàng)best“最好的”。句意：黑人為得到（）對(duì)待而戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文中的inequalityineducation可知這里黑人追求的是各個(gè)方面的平等。

第7題:考查介詞意思。句意：現(xiàn)在他們?cè)谧》?、教育、工作方面有了法律保證。這里根據(jù)句意，這里填的詞義應(yīng)該是“在……方面”，所以答案選B。

第8題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adequate“足夠的”；B選項(xiàng)much“大量的”；C選項(xiàng)rich“富有的，肥沃的”；D選項(xiàng)abundant“豐富的”。句意：很多黑人都覺得他們孩子的教育機(jī)會(huì)不（）。根據(jù)上文所描述的，黑人為自己的權(quán)利而戰(zhàn)，已經(jīng)取得成效了，但是在教育方面他們覺得他們孩子接受教育的機(jī)會(huì)不夠，所以答案選A；這里所選的詞匯要用來(lái)修飾opportunity，而C、D選項(xiàng)一般用來(lái)形容資源豐富；B選項(xiàng)一般用作副詞，也一般不用作表語(yǔ)，所以不能選。

第9題:考查上下文文意。A選項(xiàng)response“反應(yīng)，回答”；B選項(xiàng)solution“解決方案”；C選項(xiàng)field“領(lǐng)域，場(chǎng)地”；D選項(xiàng)correspondence“通信，一致，相當(dāng)”。句意：用校車把孩子們從一個(gè)社區(qū)送到另一個(gè)社區(qū)是對(duì)教育不平等的一種（）。承接上文，黑人因?yàn)樽约旱纳鐓^(qū)之間隔離起來(lái)了覺得自己孩子的教育機(jī)會(huì)不夠，所以用巴士將社區(qū)之間連接起來(lái)就是解決教育資源不平等的方法了，所以答案選B。其他選項(xiàng)代入句中不符合句意。

第10題:考查副詞詞義。A選項(xiàng)Therefore“因此”；B選項(xiàng)Naturally“自然而然的”；C選項(xiàng)Consequently“因此，所以”；D選項(xiàng)Fortunately“幸運(yùn)的”。句意：（），所有的父母都想讓他們的孩子接受最好的教育。上句內(nèi)容是解決教育不平等的方案，這句內(nèi)容是父母希望孩子接受最好的教育，兩句之間不存在因果關(guān)系，排除A、C選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)句意，排除D選項(xiàng)，所以答案選B。

13.單選題

Thatisindeedaharshstandard,andnottheoneIwanttogovernmylifeorthoseofotherpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefit

B.affect

C.damage

D.direct

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。govern在句中是“管理，統(tǒng)治”，A選項(xiàng)benefit“有利于”；B選項(xiàng)affect“影響”；C選項(xiàng)damage“毀滅，損害”；D選項(xiàng)direct“指導(dǎo)，管理”。句意：那的確是一個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而不是我想要的可以用來(lái)指導(dǎo)我的生活或其他的人的生活的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)句意D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

TheUnitedStatesandRussiahavereachedanagreementthatcallsforSyria’s（）ofchemicalweaponstoberemovedordestroyedbythemiddleof2014,SecretaryofStateJohnKerrysaidonSaturday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artillery

B.armor

C.arsenal

D.army

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。artillery“炮，炮兵部隊(duì)”；armor“裝甲，盔甲”；arsenal“兵工廠，軍械庫(kù)”；army“軍隊(duì)”。句意：美俄兩國(guó)已經(jīng)達(dá)成協(xié)議，要求敘利亞化學(xué)武器的軍械庫(kù)于2014年年中移除或者銷毀。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘第一句中提到的“不尋常的特征或情況”是什么？’根據(jù)第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地帶是干燥的大陸性氣候，動(dòng)物和植被與同緯度的相似，但是與更北的地區(qū)有些不同，那里更干燥?！笨梢酝浦狝項(xiàng)動(dòng)植物生長(zhǎng)模式‘’符合其特征。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacing