考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)人民警察大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)人民警察大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifacompanyisalreadyeffectively（

）itscompetitorsbecauseitprovidesservicethatavoidsadamagingreputationandkeepscustomers（

）leavingatanunacceptablerate,theninvestmentinhigherservicelevelsmaybewasted,sinceserviceisadecidingfactorforcustomersonlyinextremesituation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inparwith...from

B.inaparwith...in

C.onparwith...outof

D.onaparwith...from

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。第一空的固定搭配是onaparwith“與……同等；和……一樣”；第二個(gè)空格處的搭配是“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbe______fromit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.derived

B.extracted

C.abstracted

D.adapted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)derive“源自，獲得”，B項(xiàng)extract“提取，抽取”，C項(xiàng)abstract“摘要，抽象化”，D項(xiàng)adapt“適應(yīng)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞conclusion“結(jié)論”可知，空格部分對(duì)應(yīng)“獲得”更符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我似乎得出了一個(gè)相當(dāng)悲觀的結(jié)論，但我認(rèn)為仍可能從中得到一些令人高興的東西。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turndown減??；關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低B.turnup出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大

C.turnout最后是；結(jié)果是D.turnin上交；歸還

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國(guó)有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤(rùn)……政府。國(guó)營(yíng)企業(yè)上繳利潤(rùn)收入指國(guó)營(yíng)企業(yè)以利潤(rùn)等形式上繳給國(guó)家的預(yù)算收入。因此根據(jù)句意，國(guó)有企業(yè)所獲得的利潤(rùn)要交給政府。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在現(xiàn)行制度下，國(guó)有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤(rùn)上繳政府。

4.單選題

Progressiveandreactionarypopulistmovementsarenotnecessarily_______:eachmay,andusuallydoes,possessfeaturesoftheother.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subversive

B.efficacious

C.untenable

D.dichotomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)subversive“破壞性的”；B選項(xiàng)efficacious“有效的”；C選項(xiàng)untenable“（理論等）站不住腳的；不能維持的”；D選項(xiàng)dichotomous“二元對(duì)立的”。句意：進(jìn)步和反動(dòng)的民粹主義運(yùn)動(dòng)不一定_______：相互可能，而且是通常具有對(duì)方的特征。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是進(jìn)步和反動(dòng)的民粹主義有相同的特性，不是完全對(duì)立，所以dichotomous“二元對(duì)立的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

WhenPH.D.candidates（）theirimpendingprofessorships,theyconsiderhousingbenefitsofferedbytheprospectiveuniversity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anticipate

B.assume

C.apply

D.demand

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)anticipate“預(yù)期，預(yù)計(jì)（并做準(zhǔn)備）”；B選項(xiàng)assume“設(shè)想，假定”；C選項(xiàng)apply“申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用”；D選項(xiàng)demand“強(qiáng)烈要求”。句意：當(dāng)博士申請(qǐng)者在為即將到來(lái)的教授職位做準(zhǔn)備時(shí)，他們會(huì)考慮未來(lái)大學(xué)提供的住房福利。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Poetryisanaturalor（

）overflowofpowerfulfeelings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.homogeneous

【答案】A

【解析】句意:詩(shī)是自然而然，自發(fā)溢出的強(qiáng)烈的情感。

形容詞辨析。Spontaneous自發(fā)的，自然的;simultaneous同吋的，同時(shí)發(fā)生的;instantaneous瞬間的，即時(shí)的;Homogeneous同種的，同質(zhì)的。因此A符合句意。

7.單選題

Herexcellentperformance______theaudience’swarmacclamations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resultedfrom

B.burstinto

C.evoked

D.prosecuted

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)resultfrom“由……造成，起因于”，B項(xiàng)burstinto“突然闖進(jìn)來(lái)”，C項(xiàng)evoke“引起，喚起，博得”，D項(xiàng)prosecute“檢舉，貫徹”。根據(jù)句子意思“她的精彩表演……觀眾的熱烈喝彩”可推斷，空格處應(yīng)該表示“贏得，博得”，所以只有C項(xiàng)符合。句意：她出色的表演引起了觀眾的熱烈喝彩。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

二十多年前科學(xué)家就己經(jīng)知道癌癥是一種基因病變。細(xì)胞核(nucleus)內(nèi)的DNA被某種物質(zhì)打亂，細(xì)胞突然不再有規(guī)則地分裂，而開始大量復(fù)制自身。不同于普通細(xì)胞的是，這種復(fù)制活動(dòng)永無(wú)休止。

癌癥細(xì)胞和正常細(xì)胞差異極大，要理清造成這種差異的事件的先后順序幾乎是不可能的，所以很多年來(lái)研究人員一直在攻關(guān)這一難題，通過(guò)研究健康細(xì)胞，他們?cè)噲D確定是什么變化使得這些健康細(xì)胞變成了癌細(xì)胞，但卻總是以失敗告終。

現(xiàn)在情況出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。根據(jù)最近的一期《自然》雜志刊載的報(bào)道，麻省理工學(xué)院的生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所的一個(gè)科研小組終于成功地將人類細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閻盒?malignant)細(xì)胞。他們采用了兩種不同的細(xì)胞類型，通過(guò)把三種經(jīng)過(guò)改變的基因嵌入這些細(xì)胞的DNA中，從而取得這一成就。雖然這些操作都只是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的器皿里完成的，不會(huì)立刻帶來(lái)任何治療方法，但顯然它們是理解這種疾病的關(guān)鍵一步。

【答案】Scientistshaveknownformorethantwodecadesthatcancerisadiseaseofthegenes.SomethingscramblestheDNAinsideanucleus,andsuddenly,insteadofdividinginameasuredfashion,acellbeginstocopyitselffuriously.Unlikeanordinarycell,itneverstops.

Cancercellsaresoradicallydifferentfromnormalonesthatit'salmostimpossibletountanglethesequenceofeventsthatmadethemthatway.Soforyearsresearchershavebeenattackingtheproblembytakingnormalcellsandtryingtodeterminewhatchangeswillturnthemcancerous—alwayswithoutsuccess.

Untilnow,accordingtoareportinthecurrentissueofNature,ateamofscientistsbasedatM.I.T.'sWhiteheadInstituteforBio-medicalResearchhasfinallymanagedtomakehumancellsmalignantafeattheyaccomplishedwithtwodifferentcelltypesbyinsertingjustthreealteredgenesintotheirDNA.Whilethesemanipulationsweredoneonlyinlabdishesandwon'tleadtoanyimmediatetreatment,theyappeartobeacrucialstepinunderstandingthedisease.

9.單選題

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtothe

Muses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle’sLyceumhadamouseion,amusesshrineAlthoughtheCreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples-notablythatofHeraatOlympiabeforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllithadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywellknownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings"(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses-shrine”.

Theinspirational-collectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries-whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrsprinces,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems-oftenantiqueengravedones-aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,but’’site-specific”，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothoffabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingwerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporarysothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toimitation,andsocouldbe]consideredMuses-shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,TheBelvedereandtheCapitalinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,and,gradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancoiswasthemostfamousThen,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMmseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving”collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword”inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

3.Modemmuseumscameintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

4.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.boughtbychurches

C.donatedbypeople

D.madepartofthebuildings

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improvecollations

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.CollectionandCollectors

B.ModemMuseumsandTheirFunctions

C.TheEvolutionofMuseums

D.TheBirthofMuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.句義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章大意可知文章主旨在于介紹museum一詞隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展在詞義方面的演變，所以題干中的“Museumisaslipperyword”意指museum一詞的意思隨著歲月的變遷發(fā)生了改變，B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第二句‘"theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsand...”“他們不是從其他地方收集起來(lái)的而是地方性的并且和建筑物是一體的……”可以排除A選項(xiàng)“從其他地方收集的”并且確定D選項(xiàng)“作為建筑物的一部分”正確。B選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)沒有在文章中提到。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第二句“Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.”“工業(yè)革命時(shí)代社會(huì)仇視皇室和教堂的紀(jì)念物，這促使古文物收藏家們將它們放到了可以起保護(hù)作用的收藏館，其中最有名的收藏館就是MuseedesMonumentsFrancais”確定A選項(xiàng)‘保護(hù)王室和教會(huì)的財(cái)富’正確。

4.標(biāo)題歸納題。全文介紹了museum一詞意義的變化過(guò)程，以及museum一詞現(xiàn)代意義的由來(lái)。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。其它三項(xiàng)都只是介紹museum一詞的意義變化時(shí)提到的例子，不能作為全文標(biāo)題。

10.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個(gè)地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Byadvocatingmoderatechange,theythinkthattheycankeepconsumercostslow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reasonable

B.radical

C.immediate

D.minimum

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)提倡……改變，他們認(rèn)為可以保持消費(fèi)者的低成本狀態(tài)。reasonable“合理的，明智的”；radical“根本的，徹底的”；immediate“立即的”；minimum“最低的”。根據(jù)后面的“消費(fèi)者的低成本狀態(tài)”可知前面的改變是“適度的”，即劃線單詞的意思是“適度的；合理的”。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun.

Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyBC.

WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandauthority.IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices.

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellapracticallydisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlateroninEngland.

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors.

1.Thefirstuseofumbrellawasas（）.

2.（）werethepeoplewhofirstusedumbrellas.

3.Theumbrellawasusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassages?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.protectionagainstrain

B.ashadeagainstthesun

C.asymbolofpower

D.asymbolofhonor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Chinese

B.Romans

C.Greeks

D.Egyptians

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.inEuropeinthe18thcentury

B.inancientEgyptandBabylon

C.intheFarEastinancienttimes

D.duringtheMiddleAges

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenenjoyusingumbrellaswithvariedkindsofcolorsnowadays.

B.Theinventoroftheumbrellaisunknown.

C.Onceordinarypeoplehadnorighttouseumbrellas.

D.Umbrellaswerepopularandcheapinancienttimes.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhenWastheUmbrellaInvented?

B.TheHistoryofUmbrella

C.Umbrella-ASymbolofHonor

D.WhoUsedUmbrellaFirst?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun(實(shí)際上，傘的發(fā)明不是為了躲雨。它的第一個(gè)用途是為了遮蔽太陽(yáng))。因此選B項(xiàng)“遮蔽太陽(yáng)”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyB.C(可能，第一個(gè)使用傘的人是中國(guó)人，可以追溯到公元前11世紀(jì))，因此選A項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices(在古代遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)，只允許皇室的人或者身居高位的人使用傘)，因此選C項(xiàng)“在古代遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)”。

4.判斷推理題。A:如今，女性享用各色的傘。最后一句指出:Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors(直到二十世紀(jì)，婦女雨傘才開始有各種各樣的顏色)，因此A項(xiàng)正確。B:傘的發(fā)明者不知道是誰(shuí)，第二段第一句指出:Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit...(不知道最初誰(shuí)發(fā)明了傘)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。C:曾經(jīng)，普通人沒有權(quán)利使用傘，第三段倒數(shù)第二句指出:Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority(雨傘再次被認(rèn)為是權(quán)力和權(quán)威的象征)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。D:雨傘在古代很流行也很便宜。此項(xiàng)在文中并未有所體現(xiàn)。因此選D。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要談及傘的歷史發(fā)展，和傘在古代的使用人群等，以及傘的使用現(xiàn)狀。因此B項(xiàng)“傘的歷史”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

13.單選題

OnMay3,1989,committalproceedingsbeganinrespectofsixofficerswhowerechargedwithconspiracyto（）thecourseofjustice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pervert

B.perturb

C.prevent

D.profane

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。pervert“使墮落，濫用”；perturb“擾亂，使不安”；prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”；profane“褻瀆，玷污”。句意：1989年5月3日，拘押進(jìn)程開始于六名官員，他們被控告共謀擾亂司法公正。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

14.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些醫(yī)生和政客認(rèn)為鈉的攝入量和身體健康有直接關(guān)系，并會(huì)引發(fā)多種疾病，甚至早逝。說(shuō)明他們認(rèn)為食鹽的攝入量與某些疾病的發(fā)生息息相關(guān)，因此，C項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，當(dāng)攝取極低的少鹽飲食或者恢復(fù)食用食鹽時(shí)，血壓正常的人不會(huì)有什么改變。然而，在高血壓人群中，少鹽飲食中一半的人確實(shí)出現(xiàn)血壓下降，而再次恢復(fù)食鹽的攝入時(shí)，血壓會(huì)返回到之前的水平。因此，A項(xiàng)“低鹽飲食可能適合某些人”表述正確。B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。文章并沒有談及“減少食鹽攝入量可能治愈高血壓”，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense?”可知：醫(yī)生不應(yīng)該建議人們不吃鹽，因此，B選項(xiàng)符合題意，為正確答案。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就連“低鹽論”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承認(rèn)鹽的攝入量是否與髙血壓有關(guān)。所以最恰當(dāng)?shù)睦斫鈶?yīng)該是強(qiáng)烈支持者。因此，D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要討論了食鹽攝入量與人體健康的關(guān)系。通過(guò)人們對(duì)于鹽的恐慌引出相關(guān)話題，最后表明“除非醫(yī)生告知你有與攝取鹽分相關(guān)的健康問(wèn)題，否則，沒有理由不攝取食鹽”。由此可知，食鹽恐慌是不合理的，A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

15.單選題

Thegroupoftechniciansareengagedinastudywhich（

）allaspectsofurbanplanning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inserts

B.grips

C.performs

D.embraces

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這組技術(shù)人員正忙于一項(xiàng)涉及到城市規(guī)劃所有方面的研究。

動(dòng)詞辨析。Insert插入，嵌入;grip抓住，緊握;perform執(zhí)行,完成;embrace擁抱,包含。故D符合句意。

16.翻譯題

研究人員稱，遠(yuǎn)程辦公等彈性工作模式有益于身體健康。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果人們有條件在家工作，壓縮工作周的時(shí)間，那他們就可以選擇更為健康的生活方式，鍛煉身體的機(jī)會(huì)增多，睡眠也會(huì)更好。

可能彈性工作模式讓人們能有更充裕的時(shí)間來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)健康的生活方式，或者是它讓人們能更好的安排自己的時(shí)間。彈性工作制最初是為了幫助人們（尤其是女性）同時(shí)兼顧工作和家庭，但有關(guān)證據(jù)表明這顯然不僅僅是女性的問(wèn)題。

研究人員對(duì)一家大型醫(yī)藥公司職員的“健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估”進(jìn)行了分析，職員涉及倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)，生產(chǎn)和管理等多個(gè)不同的崗位。

一名研究人員說(shuō)：“這不僅僅針對(duì)管理層，而是涉及到公司各個(gè)崗位的員工。”他說(shuō)，該研究能讓衛(wèi)生部門和相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)識(shí)到，給員工更多的自由其實(shí)能帶來(lái)很多益處。但他也說(shuō)，要評(píng)估彈性工作制的長(zhǎng)期益處還需要開展進(jìn)一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

17.單選題

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.這位47歲的美甲師也沒有像她想的那樣修剪、填充或拋光那么多的指甲。她的大多數(shù)客戶每周花費(fèi)12至50美元，但上個(gè)月，兩位老客戶突然不再光顧。因此，斯珀羅開始縮減開支，在迪拉德位于克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的家附近的中檔百貨商店購(gòu)物，而不是去內(nèi)曼?馬庫(kù)斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段內(nèi)容可知雖然Ellen的生意沒以前好了，但Ellen的生活狀況并沒有陷入絕望的境地。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)出警報(bào)。消費(fèi)者似乎只是擔(dān)心，并沒有驚慌失措，許多人說(shuō)，他們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的長(zhǎng)期前景仍持樂觀態(tài)度，盡管他們采取了一些適度的緊縮措施。可知消費(fèi)者對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)保持樂觀態(tài)度，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多數(shù)地區(qū)，房?jī)r(jià)保持穩(wěn)定。在曼哈頓，“新的淘金熱在400萬(wàn)到1000萬(wàn)美元之間發(fā)生，主要是由華爾街的獎(jiǎng)金推動(dòng)的?！苯?jīng)紀(jì)人芭芭拉?科克倫說(shuō)。在舊金山，房?jī)r(jià)仍在上漲，盡管瘋狂的高出價(jià)已經(jīng)平息?，F(xiàn)在，你可能只會(huì)收到兩三個(gè)offer，而不是20到30個(gè)?？芍?00萬(wàn)到1000萬(wàn)美元是指房?jī)r(jià)，整段都是圍繞房?jī)r(jià)問(wèn)題展開的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潛在的購(gòu)房者會(huì)為更低的利率而歡呼。雇主們不會(huì)介意就業(yè)市場(chǎng)少一點(diǎn)泡沫。許多消費(fèi)者似乎受到了股市波動(dòng)的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動(dòng)是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好處。要在曼哈頓炙手可熱的新阿蘭杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐廳訂到位子是不可能的，現(xiàn)在不是這樣了?？芍?jīng)濟(jì)衰退也能帶來(lái)一些好處。故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。本文開篇用事例引出經(jīng)濟(jì)滑坡的話題，隨后表明人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑仍然保持樂觀態(tài)度，最后指出，人們可從中可以得到不少好處。C項(xiàng)的“適度謹(jǐn)慎是必要的，無(wú)需驚慌”與本文相符，故C項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Pallphonedthatbecauseofanemergencyhehadto____ourappointment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.callforth

B.calldown

C.callfor

D.calloff

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.callforth引起（某物）行動(dòng)或存在B.calldown招致

C.callfor要求；需要D.calloff取消

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】前文內(nèi)容為“因?yàn)榫o急情況”，空格處所在部分內(nèi)容為“他不得不____我們的約會(huì)”，根據(jù)句意可得，因?yàn)榫o急情況的出現(xiàn)，他和我們的約會(huì)不得不取消比較符合邏輯。因此，D選項(xiàng)calloff“取消”符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】Pall打電話說(shuō)，因?yàn)橛芯o急情況他不得不取消我們的約會(huì)。

19.單選題

Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactsare（

）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。referred提到，關(guān)系到；perceived感覺，認(rèn)為；recommended推薦，勸告；presumed以為，假定。句意：一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，眼神接觸多的求職者會(huì)被視為更有警覺、獨(dú)立、自信和有責(zé)任心。B項(xiàng)符合句意，答案B

20.單選題

Manyareuninhabitable,byvirtueoftheirsmallsizeandparticularcharacteristics,buteventhemostfavoredareveryisolatedfragmentsofland,strictlycircumscribedbytheocean,strictlylimitedintermsofthenumbersofpeopletheycansupport.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.located

B.flooded

C.restric