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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Womenbossesareviewedaslessqualifiedandcapablethantheirmale(

)accordingtoastudy.

問題1選項

A.equivalents

B.counterparts

C.peers

D.substitutes

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。equivalent意為“同等物”;counterpart意為“職位(或作用)相當(dāng)?shù)娜恕?;peer意為“同齡人”;substitute意為“替代物”。

句意:根據(jù)一項研究,女性老板被認(rèn)為不如男性老板合格、有能力。

2.單選題

Bothversionsofthemyth一theWestasaplaceofescapefromsocietyandtheWestasastageonwhichthemoralconflictsconfrontingsocietycouldbeplayedout—figuredprominentlyinthehistoriesandessaysofyoungTheodoreRoosevelt,thepaintingsandsculpturesofartistFredericRemington,andtheshortstoriesandnovelsofwriterOwenWister.ThesethreeyoungmembersoftheeasternestablishmentspentmuchtimeintheWestinthe1880s,andeachwasintenselyaffectedbytheadventure.Allthreehadfeltthwartedbytheconstraintsandenervatinginfluenceofthegenteelurbanworldinwhichtheyhadgrownup,andeachwentWesttoexperiencethephysicalchallengesandmoralsimplicitiesextolledinthedimenovels.WhenRooseveltarrivedin1884attheranchhehadpurchasedintheDakotaBadlands,heatonceboughtaleatherscout’suniform,completewithfringedsleevesandleggings.

EachmanalsofoundintheWestpreciselywhathewaslookingfor.ThefrontierthatRooseveltglorifiedinsuchbooksasTheWinningoftheWest(fourvolumes,1889-1896),andthattheprolificRemingtonportrayedinhiswork,wasastarkphysicalandmoralenvironmentthatstrippedawayallsocialartificeandtestedanindividual’strueabilityandcharacter.DrawingonapopularversionofEnglishscientistCharlesDarwin’sevolutionarytheory,whichcharacterizedlifeasastruggleinwhichonlythefittestandhastsurvived,RooseveltandRemingtonexaltedthedisappearingfrontierasthelastoutpostofanhonestandtruesocialorder.

ThisversionofthefrontiermythreacheditsapogeeinOwenWister’senormouslypopularnovelTheVirginian(1902),laterreincarnatedasa1929GaryCoopermovieanda1960stelevisionseries.InWister’staletheelemental,physicalandsocialenvironmentoftheGreatPlainsproducesindividualslikehisunnamedcowboyhero,“theVirginian”,anhonest,strong,andcompassionateman,quicktohelptheweakandfightthewicked.TheVirginianisoneofnature’saristocrats—ill-educatedandunsophisticatedbutuptight,steady,anddeeplymoral.TheVirginiansumsuphisownmoralcodeindescribinghisviewofGod’sjustice:“Heplaysasquaregamewithus.”ForWister,asforRooseveltandRemington,thecowboywastheChristianknightonthePlains,indifferenttomaterialgainasheheldvirtue,pursuedjustice,andattackedevil.

Needlesstosay,thewesternmythinallitsformswasfarremovedfromtheactualrealityoftheWest.CriticsdelightedinpointingoutthatnoonesceneinTheVirginianactuallyshowedthehardphysicallaborofthecattlerange.TheidealizedversionoftheWestalsoglossedoverthedarkerundersideoffrontierexpansion—thebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare,theforcedremovaloftheIndianstoreservations,theracistdiscriminationagainstMexican-Americansandblacks,therisksandperilsofcommercialagricultureandcattlegrowing,andtheboom-and-bustmentalityrootedintheselfishexploitationofnaturalresources.

1.WhichofthefollowingisprobablythemainreasonfortheauthortomentionTheodoreRoosevelt,FredericRemingtonandOwenWister?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesTheVirginian?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthemythoftheWestis

NOTtrue?

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthepassageis()

5.WhatisprobablythereasonforpeopletomakeupalegendaryWest?

問題1選項

A.Theyglorifiedthefrontierlife.

B.Theywereconstrainedbythegenteelurbanworld.

C.TheyspentmuchtimeintheWest.

D.Theywerefamousmembersoftheeasternestablishment.

問題2選項

A.ItisthebestWesternmovieevermadeinHollywood.

B.ItisapopularnovelwrittenbyOwnWisterandTheodoreRoosevelt.

C.Itgivesanaccuratedepictionofthefrontierexperience.

D.ItisoneofthemostsuccessfulbooksabouttheWest.

問題3選項

A.Inoneidealizedview,theWestwasaplaceonecanescapefromsocietyanditspressures.

B.Inoneversionofthemyth,westernfrontiersmanwasdepictedasafiguredeeplyimmersedinsocietyanditsconcerto.

C.Somewritersportrayedthewesternwildernessasasimpleandinnocentsociety.

D.TheextremehardshipofthefrontierlifeisonepowerfulthemeofthelegendaryWest.

問題4選項

A.toperpetuatethemythabouttheWest

B.tointroducethefamouswritersandpaintersoftheWest

C.todistinguishthemythoftheWestandtheactualreality

D.topresentthebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare

問題5選項

A.Theylikedtomakeupstories.

B.Theybelievedwhattheyportrayedweretheactualreality.

C.TheyclungtothemythoftheWestasanuncomplicated,untaintedEdenofsocialsimplicity,andmoralclarityinaneraofunsettlingsocialtransformation.

D.TheywantedtomakeprofitbyluringpeopletotheWest.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:下面哪一個可能是作者提到TheodoreRoosevelt、FredericRemington和OwenWister的主要原因?由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段第一句。文中提到,這三人都是傳揚西部神話的作家和藝術(shù)家,他們的作品都對西部進(jìn)行了美化。因此A選項符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干:下面哪個陳述最能描述《弗吉尼亞人》?TheVirginian出現(xiàn)在第三段第一句。A選項的bestWesternmovie與原文“a1929…moive”不符合;文中沒有提到TheodoreRoosevelt與小說有關(guān),所以排除B選項;C選項的thefrontierexperience與“thefrontiermyth”不符合,因此排除C選項。這本書成功塑造了西部神話,是最成功的關(guān)于西部的書之一,因此D選項符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題干:根據(jù)這篇文章,下列哪個關(guān)于西方神話的陳述是不正確的?選項A對應(yīng)本文第一段第一句“”;B選項對應(yīng)第三段第二句;C選項對應(yīng)第二段第二句;最后一段提到,《弗吉尼亞人》沒有提到theextremehardship,因此D是不對的。

4.主旨題。題干:作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是______。全文講述了西部神話的發(fā)展歷程和成功,也說到了西部神話和西部現(xiàn)實之間的區(qū)別。不是介紹著名西部作家和藝術(shù)家,因此排除B選項。文章只有最后提到了部分D選項的內(nèi)容,不能代表主旨。因此C選項符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題干:人們?yōu)槭裁匆M成一個傳奇的西部?文章第二段提到,人們在西部找到了自己正在追尋的事物。在混亂的社會轉(zhuǎn)型時代,西部被認(rèn)為是純粹且未受污染的伊甸園。因此C選項符合題意。

3.案例題

"Useitorloseit"isthenewapproachtobackpain.Inthelastfewyears,therehasbeena(1)changeinthewaydoctorstreatthismostcommondisease.Weeksormonthsofrestinbed一the(2)methodoftreatmentforsolong—arenowthoughttobesurelyharmful.Musclesbecomesoft,jointsbecome(3)andwhatstartedoutasa(4)acuteconditionquicklyturnsintoacontinuingdisability.Farbetter,accordingtocurrentthinking,istoputupwithalittlepainandgetmoving.

Thechangehasnothappenedovernight.Foryears,somespecialistshavehadan(5)feelingthatbedrestwasnottheanswer.Butwhatfinallyputanendto(6)bedrestwasastudyofmorethan200patientswhoweretreatedforbackpaininaclinicinTaxes.Notonlydidpatientswhohadtwodays'bedrestdototallyaswellasthosegivensevendays,they(7)onlyhalfasmuchtimealtogether(8)work.

Asaresultofthestudy,expertsnowrecommendthat(9)anyonewithacutebackpainshouldspendmorethanafewdays(10)down.Afterthatshouldcomeaprogramofgradually(11)exercise,probablyaccompaniedbysome(12)treatmentssuchasmassage,heatorultrasound.

Becauseofhospitalwaitinglists,mostpeoplehavetowaitseveralweeksbeforereceivingthetreatmenttheyneeD.Unfortunatelythiswaitisoftenspentinbedorinactivefor(13)ofdoingfurtherdamagetotheback.Ithasbeenestimatedthatforeverydayaninjuredmuscleisresteditlosesatleastonepercentofits(14).Stayinbedfortwoorthreeweeksanditwillbefar(15)torebuildadamagedmuscle.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

temporary

fear

extend

passiver

equire

substantial

count

instinctive

increase

lie

permanent

hardly

stiff

stick

adopt

hard

current

strength

off

standard

【答案】1.substantial。

2.passive

3.stiff

4.temporary

5.instinctive

6.lie

7.require

8.hard

9.current

10.adopting

11.strength

12.standard

13.fear

14.count

15.permanent

【解析】1.結(jié)合上下文及句意可知,既然是新方法,那么治療這種疾病的方式自然是有了很大的變化。故答案為substantial。

2.根據(jù)前面的Weeksormonthsofrestinbed可推斷,這種治療方法是"被動的"。故答案為passive。

3.結(jié)合上文可知填空處應(yīng)填入與soft相對的形容詞,stiff呆板的;堅硬的,符合原文句意。故答案為stiff。

4.根據(jù)下文的"continuing"可知,填空處應(yīng)指"暫時的急性癥狀",故答案為temporary。

5.instinctive與feeling搭配意為"直覺",符合語義。故為答案為instinctive。

6.根據(jù)原文句意可知,這里指結(jié)束臥床休息的研究。liebedrest指"臥床休息"。故答案為lie。

7.根據(jù)原文句意:兩天臥床休息的病人不僅和七天臥床休息的病人完全一樣,而且他們總共只需要努力工作時間的一半。故答案為require。

8.hard與work構(gòu)成固定搭配,意為"努力工作"。

9.分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和語義,填空處應(yīng)填入與now意思相近的形容詞,故current(目前)符合要求。

10.根據(jù)原文可知,這里指"花時間適應(yīng)背疼的情況",spend后接doing形式。故答案為adopting。

11.此處指"力量運動"。故答案為strength。

12.根據(jù)下文的suchasmassage,heatorultrasound可知,這里是對治療的具體舉例,standardtreatments表述合理。故答案為standard。

13.forfearof為固定短語,意為"生怕,以免。"

14.根據(jù)上下文及句意可知,這里指"總數(shù)的百分之一"。故答案為count.

15.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"far"推斷,填空處應(yīng)填入的形容詞表示需要很長的時間,permanent符合原文。故答案為permanent。

4.單選題

Whereashistoriansoncemaintainedthatscienceis(

)otherenterprises,theyhavecometorealizethatscienceisactuallyintertwinedwiththevalues,socialassumptions,andintellectualtraditionsofaparticularhistoricalperiod.

問題1選項

A.dependenton

B.tantamountto

C.ancillaryto

D.distinctfrom

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。dependenton依賴于;ancillaryto從屬的,附屬的。tantamountto等的,相當(dāng)于。distinctfrom與······不同。句意:歷史學(xué)家曾經(jīng)堅持科學(xué)是不同于其他事業(yè)的,然而,他們開始認(rèn)識到科學(xué)是和價值觀、社會假設(shè),以及一個特定歷史時期的智慧傳統(tǒng)聯(lián)系在一起的。由后文中的isactuallyintertwinedwith可知空格處與這個意思相反,故答案D。

5.單選題

Thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury()thesteadyimprovementinthemeansoftravel.

問題1選項

A.told

B.declared

C.viewed

D.witnessed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項tell“告訴、講述”;B選項declare“宣布、申明”;C選項view“觀察”;D選項witness“目擊、見證”,句意為:19世紀(jì)后半期見證了交通工具的不斷改進(jìn)。D選項符合句意。

6.單選題

HurricanesformoverthetropicaloceanicregionswheretheSunheatshugemassesofmoistair.Anascendingspiralmotionresults,inthesamemannerasdescribedintornadoformation.Whenthemoistureoftherisingaircondenses,thelatentheatprovidesadditionalenergyandmoreairrisesupthecolumn.Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.

Unlikethetornado,ahurricanegainsenergyfromitssourceregion.[1]Asmoreandmoreairrises,thehurricanegrows,accompaniedbycloudsandincreasingwindsthatblowinalargespiralaroundarelativelycalm,low-pressurecenter_theeyeofthehurricane.Theeyemaybe20to30mileswide,andshipssailingintothisareahavefoundthatitisusuallycalmandclearwithnoindicationofthesurroundingstorm.Theairpressureisreduced6-8%(toabout28in.ofHg)neartheeye.Hurricanesmoveratherslowlyatafewmilesperhour.

[2]Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.Therewewindsofatleast74mi/h;butthesecanbemuchgreater,upto120-130mi/h,whichareverydangerous.Mobilehomesareparticularlyvulnerabletohurricanewinds.Thegreatestthreatfromahurricane'swindscomesfromtheircargoofdebris—adeadlybarrageofflyingmissilessuchaslawnfurniture,signs,roofing,andmetalsiding.

Hurricanewindsdomuchdamage,butdrowningisthegreatestcauseofhurricanedeaths.[3]Astheeyeofthehurricanecomesashoreor"makeslandfall",agreatdomeofwatercalledastormsurge,oftenover50miwide,comessweepingacrossthecoastline.Itbringshugewavesandstormtidesthatmayreach25ftormoreabovenormal.Therisemaycomerapidly,floodingcoastallowlands.Nineoutoftenhurricanecasualtiesarecausedbythestormsurge.Thetorrentialrainsthataccompanythehurricaneproducesuddenfloodingasthestormmovesinland.Asitswindsdiminish,rainfallfloodsconstitutethehurricane'sgreatestthreat.

Oncecutofffromthewarmocean,thestormbeginstodie,starvedforwaterandheatenergy,andcraggedapartbyfrictionasitmovesovertheland.Eventhoughahurricaneweakensrapidlyasitmovesinland,theremnantsofthestormcanbring6-12in.ofrainormoretotheareastheycross.[4]Forexample,HurricaneDianeof

1955causedlittledamageasitmovedintotheGulfcoastalarea;butlongafteritswindssubsided,itbroughtfloodstoPennsylvania,NewYork,andNewEnglandthatkilled200personsandcostanestimated$700millionindamage.In1972,HurricaneAgnesfusedwithanotherstormsystem,floodingcreekandriverbasinsintheNortheastwithmorethanafootofraininlessthan12hours,killing117people,andcausingalmost$3billiondamage.

1.Thesubjectinthispassageis().

2.InParagraph1,theword"latent"means()

3.Iftheauthorweredeliveringthispassageorally,hisorhertoneofvoicewouldprobablybe().

4.WhatdoesthesentenceinParagraph4“Nineoutoften...”doinrelationtothesentence"Hurricanewindsdo..."?

5.Whichofthesestatementswouldtheauthorsupport?

問題1選項

A.tornadoes

B.hurricanes

C.winds

D.hurricanewinds

問題2選項

A.potential

B.low

C.high

D.extreme

問題3選項

A.objective

B..celebratory

C.righteous

D.awestruck

問題4選項

A.Itcontradictswhatissaidinthelatter.

B.Itsummarizeswhatissaidinthelatter.

C.Itactsasaspecificexampleofwhatisstatedinthelatter.

D.Italtersthemeaningofwhatisstatedinthelatter.

問題5選項

A.Hurricanesaremerelybigstormsliketornadoes.

B.Hurricanewindsaren'tmuchofaproblemunlessyouliveonthecoast.

C.Hurricanesaremoreofaproblemforairplanesthanforboats.

D.Hurricanesaredestructiveanddangerousacrosslargeareas.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容,本文主要講的是颶風(fēng)。選項B和D都是颶風(fēng),但是hurricanewinds強調(diào)的是winds,所以選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.”這種熱能是颶風(fēng)能量的主要來源,很容易從其來源地區(qū)潮濕空氣的冷凝中獲得。所以選項A潛在的符合原文。

3.作者如果用口頭表達(dá)這篇文章的話,他的語氣可能是.objective客觀的;celebratory有褒揚意味;righteous正義的;awestruck被嚇住而畢恭畢敬。

4.根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“Nineoutoften...”十分之九的颶風(fēng)傷亡是由風(fēng)暴潮造成的。這與第四段的首句"Hurricanewindsdo..."颶風(fēng)造成的破壞很大,但溺水是造成颶風(fēng)死亡的最大原因。前后矛盾。所以選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.”選項D颶風(fēng)在大面積的開闊地帶威力最大,符合原文。

7.單選題

Inthefinalanalysis,itisour______ofdeathwhichdecidesouranswerstoallthequestionsthatlifeputstous.

問題1選項

A.conception

B.deception

C.reception

D.presentation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項conception“理解;懷孕”;B選項deception“欺騙”;C選項reception“接待”;D選項presentation“戰(zhàn)士”。句意:說到底,是我們對死亡的______決定了我們對生命所提出的所有問題的答案。根據(jù)語境,這里指如何看待死亡決定我們?nèi)绾慰创械膯栴},所以conception“理解”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Eventhoughyoumaybeexcitedaboutrelocating,youmaystillmournthelossofafamiliarhome,wayoflife,familyandfriendsleftbehind.“Underestimatingtheemotionalimpactofmovingisthebiggestmistakepeoplemake,”saysPatriciaNida,Psychologistandrelocationconsultant.“Peoplethinkthereissomethingwrongwiththemiftheycan’tcopewiththeemotionalupheavalofmoving.Theydon’trealizeit’snormal.”WhenSheilamovedfromOregontoCalifornia,ittookhernearlyayeartofeelrootedinhernewcommunity.Thentwoyearslater,thefamilymovedbacktoOregon.Whenwecameback,Icouldn’tgetusedtothem.Eachtimewemoved,IfeltlikeIlostapartofmyself.”

“Althougheveryonewhomovesfeelsthislossofidentitytosomeextent,it’susuallymostdisastrousforanon-workingwife”,saysDr.Seidenberg,clinicalprofessorofpsychiatry.“Heridentity,”sayshe,“stemsfromheractivitiesandthetiestothecommunity.Relocatingwipesitallout.Everytimeshemoves,shehastore-establishhercredentials.”“Youcopebyreachingoutandfindingactivitiesandpeoplethatinterestyou,”addsEileenKirsh,aveteranoffourspouse-job-relatedmoves.“Ifyouarelucky,youmeetsomeonecompatible.”

Don’tavoidsayinggoodbye.Itmayseemeasieratthetime,butinthelongrun,itcancreateagreatersenseofloss.Resistthetemptationtosevertieswithyouroldneighborhood.Maintainrelationships.Allowyourselftogothroughtheemotionsassociatedwithmoving,withoutcriticism.Whenyouacquireyournewlivingquarters,introduceyourselftoyournewneighbors.Writeaheadtoyournewhouseofworshipandcommunityorganizationsforinformationonactivitiesandservices.Whenyoufinallymovein,youwillfeelmoreapartofthenewcommunity.Establishfamilytraditionsthatmovewithyou.Doingthingstogetherasafamilymakesyoufeelathome,nomatterwhereyoulive.

Movingisadifficultexperience,butitalsohasmanyadvantages.Psychologistssayitstimulatesgrowth,makesusadaptable,broadensourscopeandgivesustheopportunitytomakenewfriendsandenjoynewexperiences.Asanationandasindividuals,wearestrengthenedbyourpioneerspirit.Andifwecansaveonwearandtear-allthebetter.

13.Whenpeoplemove,they____.

14.Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.

15.Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.

16.Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.

17.Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.

18.Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.

問題1選項

A.makethebiggestmistake

B.minimizetheirlosses

C.havemixedfeelings

D.areintrouble

問題2選項

A.uplift

B.violence

C.approval

D.turbulence

問題3選項

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlife

B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledown

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmoving

問題4選項

A.havetofindtheiridentityagain

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriends

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimate

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobs

問題5選項

A.keepingthefamilytradition

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquarters

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidence

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotion

問題6選項

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycan

B.learntobepositiveaboutmoving

C.beeconomicalwhentheymove

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】13.【選項釋義】

Whenpeoplemove,they____.當(dāng)人們搬家時,他們____。

A.makethebiggestmistakeA.犯最大的錯誤

B.minimizetheirlossesB.減少/小看他們的損失

C.havemixedfeelingsC.心情復(fù)雜

D.areintroubleD.有麻煩

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞peoplemove定位到原文第1段,本段第1句說“即使你可能對搬遷感到興奮(beexcited),你可能仍然會為失去一個熟悉的家、生活方式、家人和朋友而悲傷(mournthelossof)。”因此,C選項“心情復(fù)雜”表述正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“犯最大的錯誤”,定位到第1段第2句,PatriciaNida說“低估搬家的情感影響是人們犯的最大錯誤”,此處有上下文限制,這句話表達(dá)的是,“低估搬家的情感影響”是人們在被搬家時犯的最大的錯誤;而該選項“犯最大的錯誤”沒有語境限制,表達(dá)的是“搬家時人們犯的最大的錯誤”,因此,該選項表述錯誤,屬于偷換概念;

B選項“減少/小看他們的損失”,原文說的是“低估搬家的情感影響”,選項表述錯誤,屬于過度推理;

D選項“有麻煩”,原文雖然說搬家很困難,但最后一段第1句也說“搬家是一種艱難的經(jīng)歷,但它也有很多好處(manyadvantages)?!痹撨x項表述不準(zhǔn)確,屬于推理過度。

14.【選項釋義】

Theword“upheaval”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto____.第1段中的“upheaval”一詞的意思最接近于____。

A.upliftA.提高,增長;抬起;振奮

B.violenceB.暴力;激烈

C.approvalC.批準(zhǔn);贊成

D.turbulenceD.騷亂,動蕩

【考查點】詞匯推測題。

【解題思路】

1)句中前后信息銜接:根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Para.1和upheaval定位到原文第1段第3句,該句說到“如果人們不能應(yīng)對搬家?guī)淼那榫w____(theemotionalupheavalofmoving),他們就會認(rèn)為自己有問題(somethingwrongwiththem)。”由此可知,upheaval是個名詞,是搬家所引起的一種情緒上的變化,并且根據(jù)人們認(rèn)為處理不好就是自己有問題這一點可推斷,這種情緒變化是負(fù)面的。因此,D選項“動蕩”,emotionalturbulence“情緒波動”符合題意。

2)上下文語義銜接:本段最后3句通過舉例對此進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步說明。Sheila從Oregon(俄勒岡州)搬到California(加利福尼亞),花了很長時間適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境;又搬回俄勒岡州時,也無法適應(yīng)。她說“每次搬家,我都覺得自己好像失去了一部分(lostapartofmyself)?!庇纱丝芍?,這是搬家?guī)淼那榫w變化,也可推測出D選項“動蕩”,emotionalturbulence“情緒波動”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“(情緒)振奮”,不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào);

B選項“暴力;激烈”,原文沒有依據(jù);

C選項“批準(zhǔn);贊成”,不符合負(fù)面的情感基調(diào)。

15.【選項釋義】

Researchershavefoundthatmanypeople____.研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),許多人____。

A.arebeingashamedofbeingsentimentalaboutlifeA.恥于對生活多愁善感

B.缺失B.缺失

C.spendyearsdecidingwheretosettledownC.花數(shù)年時間決定在哪里定居

D.oftenfailtoseetheadvantagesofmovingD.往往看不到搬家的好處

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Researchers和manypeople來解題,原文有2處地方提到了研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)。第1處,第1段第2-3句心理學(xué)家PatriciaNida的發(fā)現(xiàn)“如果人們不能應(yīng)對(can’tcopewith)搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動,他們就會認(rèn)為自己有問題(somethingwrongwiththem)。”由此可知,人們認(rèn)為搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動是不正常的,不應(yīng)該有的,A選項“恥于對生活多愁善感”表述符合原文。第2處,第2段精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)“盡管每個搬家的人都會多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失(thislossofidentity),但對于不工作的妻子來說,這通常是最糟糕的”,該發(fā)現(xiàn)與本題選項無關(guān)。

【干擾項排除】

B選項缺失;

C選項“花數(shù)年時間決定在哪里定居”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;

D選項“往往看不到搬家的好處”,原文雖然說了搬家有很多好處,但并沒有說人們沒有看到搬家的好處,該選項屬于無中生有。

16.【選項釋義】

Housewivesaretheworstsufferersfromrelocatingbecausethey____.家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大,因為她們____。

A.havetofindtheiridentityagainA.要重新找到自己的身份

B.don’tknowhowtomakenewfriendsB.不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友

C.feelitdifficulttogetusedtodifferentclimateC.覺得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難

D.havetomovewhentheirhusbandsgetnewjobsD.丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Housewives和theworstsufferersfromrelocating可定位到原文第2段。本段提到“精神病學(xué)臨床教授Seidenberg醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn),盡管每個搬家的人都會多多少少感受到這種身份的喪失(thislossofidentity),但對于沒有工作的妻子(anon-workingwife)來說,這通常是最糟糕的(mostdisastrous)。她的身份(Heridentity)來自于她的活動和與社區(qū)的聯(lián)系,搬家將這一切都抹去了。每次搬家,她都得重新建立自己的資歷(re-establishhercredentials)。”由此可知,家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大,因為A選項“要重新找到自己的身份”。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“不知道如何結(jié)交新朋友”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;

C選項“覺得適應(yīng)不同的氣候很困難”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;

D選項“丈夫找了新工作就不得不搬家”,原文是在介紹EileenKirsh的身份時提到了她四次因配偶和工作而搬家(fourspouse-job-relatedmoves),而不是解釋為什么家庭主婦受搬家的影響最大,該選項屬于偷換概念。

17.【選項釋義】

Theauthoradvisesthereadertotakethingseasyby____.作者建議讀者通過____放輕松。

A.keepingthefamilytraditionA.保持家庭傳統(tǒng)

B.cuttingtieswiththeoldlivingquartersB.切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系

C.movingaheadoftimetothenewresidenceC.提前搬到新居

D.resistingthetemptationtoshowemotionD.抵制表露情感的誘惑

【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞advisesthereadertotakethingseasy定位到原文第3段。本段最后兩句說到“建立(Establishfamilytraditions)跟隨你一起移動的家庭傳統(tǒng)。一家人一起做事讓你有家的感覺(makesyoufeelathome),無論你住在哪里。”由此可知,一家人一起做事讓人有家的感覺,所以A選項“保持家庭傳統(tǒng)”可以減輕搬家?guī)淼那榫w波動,讓人放松,符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“切斷了與舊住宅區(qū)鄰居的聯(lián)系”,可定位到第3段第3句,該句說到“抵制與老鄰居斷絕關(guān)系的誘惑”,由此可知,作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該與老鄰居保持聯(lián)系,與選項表述相反,該選項屬于反向干擾;

C選項“提前搬到新居”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;

D選項“抵制表露情感的誘惑”,原文所說的要抵制的誘惑是“切斷與老鄰居的聯(lián)系”,而不是“表露情感”,并且本段第1句說到“不要避免說再見”,即要表露情感,該選項屬于

反向干擾。

18.【選項釋義】

Inconclusion,theauthorproposesthatpeopleshould____.總結(jié)時作者建議人們應(yīng)該____。

A.movemorefrequentlyiftheycanA.盡可能地頻繁搬家

B.learntobepositiveaboutmovingB.學(xué)會積極地看待搬家

C.beeconomicalwhentheymoveC.他們搬家時要節(jié)約

D.carryonthepioneerspiritandmovetotheWestD.發(fā)揚開拓精神,向西部進(jìn)發(fā)

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Inconclusion可定位到原文最后一段。本段提到,搬家雖然很困難,但也有很多好處(manyadvantages),并進(jìn)行了列舉;倒數(shù)第2句提到,“作為一個國家和一個人,開拓精神都使我們更加強大”。前文都在提搬家的難處,最后一段卻提到了搬家的好處,以及開拓精神會讓我們強大,因此,作者是希望讀者積極地看待搬家這件事,B選項“學(xué)會積極地看待搬家”表述正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“盡可能地頻繁搬家”,原文雖然說搬家有很多好處,但這并不意味著要頻繁地搬家,該選項屬于無中生有;

C選項“他們搬家時要節(jié)約”,最后一句說“如果我們能節(jié)省損耗(saveonwearandtear),那就更好了。”原文是說最好要節(jié)約,并且只是最后一段一小點的內(nèi)容,該選項屬于以偏概全;

D選項“發(fā)揚開拓精神,向西部進(jìn)發(fā)”,原文雖然提到了開拓精神,但并不是說要向西部進(jìn)發(fā),該選項屬于過度推理。

9.單選題

Theystoodgazingatthehappy()ofchildrenplayinginthepark.

問題1選項

A.perspective

B.view

C.landscape

D.scene

【答案】D

【解析】名詞近義詞辨析。句意:他們站在那兒,凝視著在公園里玩耍的孩子們的快樂場景。perspective遠(yuǎn)景,透視圖;view視野,風(fēng)景;landscape風(fēng)景,風(fēng)景畫;scene特定地點的景色,場景。D項在表示場景時,場景中通常包括了其中的人物及其活動,所以本題選D。

10.單選題

TeadinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistakebutmanypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

Atfirst,teawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchessfoundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro’clockstoppedhergettingasinkingfeelingasshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithher,andtea-timewasborn.

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheintroductionofteaintoBritain?

2.Thispassagemainlydiscusses____________.

3.TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain____________.

4.PeopleinEuropebegantodrinkteawithmilkbecause____________.

5.WemayinferfromthepassagethatthehabitofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostlyduetotheinfluenceof____________.

問題1選項

A.TheBritonsgotexpensiveteafromIndia.

B.TeareachedBritainfromHolland.

C.TheBritonswerethefirstpeopleinEuropewhodranktea.

D.Itwasnotuntilthe17thcenturythattheBritonshadtea.

問題2選項

A.thehistoryofteadrinkinginBritain

B.howteabecameapopulardrinkwithmilk

C.howaduchessgotthehabitofdrinkingteaintheafternoon

D.howtea-timewasborn

問題3選項

A.ineighteenthcentury

B.insixteenthcentury

C.inseventeenthcentury

D.inthelateseventeenthcentury

問題4選項

A.ittastedlikemilk

B.ittastedmorepleasant

C.itbecameapopulardrink

D.MadamedeSevignewasinfluential

問題5選項

A.afamousFrenchlady

B.theancientChinese

C.theuppersocialclass

D.peopleinHolland

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)第一段第三句ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHolland(在商店里買不到茶,有的人讓人從荷蘭寄來茶),可知B選項“茶葉是從荷蘭傳入英國的”正確。根據(jù)第二段第一句TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.(在17世紀(jì)早期東印度公司的船只開始直接從中國運茶之前,茶葉在英國一直稀缺且非常昂貴。),可知A選項“英國人從印度買到昂貴的茶葉”錯誤;在這之前英國人從荷蘭賣茶,故D選項“直到17世紀(jì),英國人才開始喝茶”錯誤。C選項“英國人是最先在歐洲喝茶的人”:文章沒有提到在歐洲沒有提到哪個國

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