考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安陽(yáng)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安陽(yáng)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

By1900,manymunicipalitieshadbeguntorestricttheuseofautomobilesinordertoensurepedestriansafety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amplify

B.standardize

C.limit

D.prohibit

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.amplify擴(kuò)大B.standardize使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化

C.limit限制D.prohibit禁止

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞部分語(yǔ)義為“____汽車的使用，以確保行人的安全”，原詞restrict“限制”，C選項(xiàng)limit“限制”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)amplify“擴(kuò)大”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義；

B選項(xiàng)standardize“使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義；

D選項(xiàng)prohibit“禁止”，指完全不讓使用，不符合原句語(yǔ)義。

【句意】到1900年，許多城市開始限制汽車的使用，以確保行人的安全。

2.單選題

Pollutionisa“dirty”word.Topollutemeanstocontaminatetopsoilorsomethingbyintroducingimpuritieswhichmake(51)unfitoruncleantouse.Pollutioncomesinmanyforms.Weseeit,smellit,(52)it,drinkit,andstumblethroughit.Weliterallylivedinandbreathepollution,and(53)surprisingly,itisbeginningto(54)ourhealth,ourhappiness,andourcivilization.

Oncewethoughtofpollution(55)meaningsimplythesmog—thechoking,stinging,dirty(56)thathoversovercities.Butairpollution,whileitis(57)themostdangerous,isonlyonetypeofcontaminationamongseveral(58)attackthemostbasiclifefunctions.

Throughtheuncontrolleduseofinsecticides,manhaspollutedtheland,(59)thewildlife.By(60)sewageandchemicalsintoriversandlakes,wehavecontaminatedour(61)water.Wearepollutingtheoceans,too,killingthefishand(62)deprivingourselves(63)aninvaluablefoodsupply.

Partoftheproblemisourexploding(64).Moreandmorepeopleareproducingmorewastes.Butthisproblemisintensifiedbyour“throw—away”technology.EachyearAmericans(65)of7millionautos,20milliontonsofwastepaper,25millionpoundsoftoothpastetubesand48millioncans.Wethrowawaygumwrappers,newspapers,andpaperplates.Itisnolongerwisetoreuseanything,Todayalmosteverythingisdisposable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.them

C.people

D.some

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.master

B.taste

C.touch

D.get

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.quite

C.yet

D.not

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.curse

B.threaten

C.cut

D.connect

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.over

C.for

D.to

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.atmosphere

B.air

C.surrounding

D.rain

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.not

B.yet

C.still

D.far

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.what

C.why

D.where

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.kills

B.killed

C.kill

D.killing

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.dump

B.dumping

C.cast

D.casting

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.pollutant

B.used

C.drinking

D.dirty

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.so

B.thereby

C.because

D.for

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.off

C.from

D.of

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.people

B.person

C.population

D.human

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.dispose

B.dispatch

C.disperse

D.discover

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查代詞使用?？崭癫糠炙诘膚hich引導(dǎo)的從句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞impurities，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合前面的主句可知，空格處填入的是topsoilorsomething，所以用it來(lái)指代。句意：污染是指通過(guò)引入雜質(zhì)來(lái)污染表土或其他東西，使其不適合或不潔凈使用。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)master“掌握”，B項(xiàng)taste“嘗”，C項(xiàng)touch“觸摸”，D項(xiàng)get“得到”。上文提到“污染有很多種形式”，所以下文是對(duì)上文的解釋，這句的意思是“我們看得見它，聞得見它，……它，喝它，而且在它中間掙扎”，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，只有“嘗”是最合適的。句意：我們可以看見它，聞到它，嘗到它，喝到它，從它中間掙扎走過(guò)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)therefore“因此”，B項(xiàng)quite“非?！?，C項(xiàng)yet“然而，還”，D項(xiàng)not表否定。前半句句意是“我們真地生活在污染中，呼吸著它”，而后半句意為“它開始……我們的健康、幸福和文明”顯然，前后句子是因果關(guān)系，故中間的surprisingly前只能加個(gè)否定詞not。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)curse“詛咒，咒罵”，B項(xiàng)threaten“威脅，恐嚇”，C項(xiàng)cut“割破，（用刀等）切下”，D項(xiàng)connect“連接，聯(lián)合”。此空缺少一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后面的ourhealth,ourhappiness,andourcivilization（我們的健康、幸福和文明），結(jié)合前面提到的pollution可知，“威脅”符合。句意：我們簡(jiǎn)直生活在污染中，呼吸著它，毫不奇怪，它開始威脅我們的健康、我們的幸福和我們的文明。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)as“作為，因?yàn)椤?，B項(xiàng)over“在……之上，關(guān)于”，C項(xiàng)for“為了”，D項(xiàng)to“對(duì)于”。根據(jù)前面的thinkof可知，thinkofsth.assth.固定短語(yǔ)，表示“把某物想成某物，當(dāng)作……”。句意：我們?cè)?jīng)把污染只是想成煙霧。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)atmosphere“（圍繞地球的）大氣，（房間、封閉空間或某處的）空氣”，B項(xiàng)air“（環(huán)繞地球和我們呼吸的氣體的混合物）空氣”，C項(xiàng)surrounding“環(huán)境，周圍的事物”，D項(xiàng)rain“雨，下雨”。根據(jù)句意“盤旋在城市上空的令人窒息、刺痛、骯臟的……”，結(jié)合前半句提到的smog（煙霧）可知，B項(xiàng)“空氣”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我們?cè)?jīng)認(rèn)為污染僅僅是指煙霧—盤旋在城市上空的令人窒息、刺痛、骯臟的空氣。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)not表否定，B項(xiàng)yet“然而”，C項(xiàng)still“仍然”，D項(xiàng)far“很，遙遠(yuǎn)地”。根據(jù)句意“盡管空氣污染……是最危險(xiǎn)的，但也只是幾種攻擊最基本生活功能的污染之一”可知，空格處填入“仍然”最符合。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，指代typesofcontamination，所以只能用which。句意：雖然空氣污染是嚴(yán)重的，但也只是幾種攻擊最基本生活功能的污染之一。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子可知，句子中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞haspolluted，一個(gè)句子中不能有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故kill只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，A、C項(xiàng)排除；man和kill之間是主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以用kill的現(xiàn)在分詞形式killing。句意：通過(guò)不加控制地使用殺蟲劑，人類已經(jīng)污染了土地，殺死了野生動(dòng)物。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

60.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考察固定搭配?？崭裉幨俏挥诮樵~by之后，動(dòng)詞不能用原形，A、C項(xiàng)排除。由后面的into可知，空格處是與into搭配，castinto表示“鑄成”，dumpinto表示“把……傾倒入……，向……傾銷”，此處的意思是“通過(guò)將污水和化學(xué)物質(zhì)……入河流和湖泊”，所以用dumping符合。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

61.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)pollutant“污染物”，B項(xiàng)used“習(xí)慣的，二手的”，C項(xiàng)drinking“飲水”，D項(xiàng)dirty“下流的，骯臟的”。由water可知，drinkingwater表示“飲用水”，C項(xiàng)符合。句意：通過(guò)將污水和化學(xué)物質(zhì)傾倒入河流和湖泊，我們已經(jīng)污染了我們的飲用水。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

62.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考察邏輯。A項(xiàng)so“因此”，表結(jié)果；B項(xiàng)thereby“由此，從而”，正式用法，用來(lái)表示事件或行動(dòng)的一個(gè)重要結(jié)果或后果；C項(xiàng)because“因?yàn)椤保碓?；D項(xiàng)for“為了，因?yàn)椤?，表支持、目的、時(shí)間、原因、作為、用途、動(dòng)作的對(duì)象等。根據(jù)句意“我們也正在污染海洋，殺死了魚類，……剝奪了我們無(wú)價(jià)的食物供應(yīng)”可知，前后為因果關(guān)系，愛出C、D項(xiàng)；depriving是現(xiàn)在分詞，前面不能用so或其他表因果關(guān)系的連詞，所以只能用介詞thereby。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

63.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)over“關(guān)于，在……之上”，B項(xiàng)off“離開”，C項(xiàng)from“從，來(lái)自”，D項(xiàng)of“……的”。根據(jù)deprive可知，deprivesb.ofsth.為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“剝奪某人某物（或某權(quán)利）?！本湟猓何覀円舱谖廴竞Ｑ?，殺死了魚類，從而剝奪了我們無(wú)價(jià)的食物供應(yīng)。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

64.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)people“人，民族”，B項(xiàng)person“（一個(gè)）人”，C項(xiàng)population“人口”，D項(xiàng)human“人類”。根據(jù)下文“越來(lái)越多的人正在制造更多的垃圾”可知，exploding______是指“人口暴增”，C項(xiàng)符合。句意：人口的爆炸也是引起污染的一個(gè)原因。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)dispose“安置，安排，處理”，B項(xiàng)dispatch“派遣，發(fā)送”，C項(xiàng)disperse“分散，使散開”，D項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺”。上文提到“但我們的一次性技術(shù)加劇了這個(gè)問(wèn)題”，后文就說(shuō)到“美國(guó)人每年要……700萬(wàn)輛汽車、2000萬(wàn)噸廢紙、2500萬(wàn)磅牙膏管和4800萬(wàn)個(gè)罐子”，可知空格處填入“處置、丟棄”，disposeof表示“處理，解決”。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

中國(guó)奉行防御性的國(guó)防政策，加強(qiáng)國(guó)防建設(shè)的目的是維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、領(lǐng)土完整，保障國(guó)家和平發(fā)展。中國(guó)軍隊(duì)始終是維護(hù)世界和平的堅(jiān)定力量，將一如既往的同各國(guó)加強(qiáng)軍事合作、增進(jìn)軍事互信，參與地區(qū)和國(guó)際安全事務(wù)，在國(guó)際政治和安全領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮積極作用。

加強(qiáng)高新技術(shù)武器裝備建設(shè)，加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤，培養(yǎng)大批高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才，深入開展信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練，增強(qiáng)基于信息系統(tǒng)的體系作戰(zhàn)能力。

【答案】答：

Chinapursuesanationaldefensepolicythatisdefensiveinnature.OurendeavorstostrengthennationaldefenseaimtosafeguardChina’ssovereignty,securityandterritorialintegrityandensureitspeacefuldevelopment.China’sarmedforceshavealwaysbeenastaunchforceupholdingworldpeaceandwillcontinuetoincreasecooperationandmutualtrustwiththearmedforcesofothercountries,participateinregionalandinternationalsecurityaffairs,andthusplayanactiveroleininternationalpoliticalandsecurityfields.

Weshouldstrengthenthedevelopmentofnew-andhigh-technologyweaponsandequipment,speedupthecompletedevelopmentofmodernlogistics,trainanewtypeofhigh-calibermilitarypersonnelinlargenumbers,intensivelycarryoutmilitarytrainingundercomputerizedconditions,andenhanceintegratedcombatcapabilitybasedonextensiveITapplication.

4.單選題

Asordinarypeople,scientistsarebynomeansmorehonestor（

）thanotherpeople,butasscientist,theyattachspecialvaluetohonestwhiletheyareintheirworkingsphere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ethical

B.ethnic

C.aesthetic

D.esthetic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ethical“道德的，倫理的”；ethnic“民族的，種族的”；aesthetic“審美的，美學(xué)的”；esthetic“審美的”。句意：科學(xué)家作為普通人，沒有辦法比其他人更誠(chéng)實(shí)或者品德高尚；但是作為科學(xué)家，他們?cè)诠ぷ黝I(lǐng)域中更加重視誠(chéng)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.案例題

Completethesesentencesbelow.

USENOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

1.SolvingtheMorriswormwasdifficultbecausetherepairmethodwassent（）andthereforeuseless.

2.TheteenagerwhohackedintoBellAtlanticwouldgetamaximumprisonsentenceof（）ifhecommittedthesamecrimenow.

3.Somehackersarescaredthatgovernmentauthoritiescouldnowconsiderthemtobe（）.

4.Onedisadvantageof（）isthattheycanmakeacompanyfeelprotectedfromattackeventhoughthesystemisnotperfect.

【答案】1.viaE-mail

2.twoyears

3.terrorists

4.firewall

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第三段，“However,the‘fixes’weretobedistributedviaE-mailandsothesolutionwasself-defeating.”，可知修復(fù)程序?qū)⑼ㄟ^(guò)電子郵件分發(fā)，因此解決方案是弄巧成拙的。

2.根據(jù)文章第五段，“In1997,ateenagerhackedintoaBellAtlanticnetwork…Andwhatwasthepunishmentforthisoffence?Twoyears’probationcommunityserviceandafineof$US5,000.”，可知入侵貝爾大西洋的少年如果現(xiàn)在再犯同樣的罪行，他將面臨2年的監(jiān)禁。

3.根據(jù)文章第六段，“Thishaspushedsomehackersfurtherunderground,fearfulthatwhattheyhadpreviouslybeendoingoutofboredomorchallengecouldnowbeviewedasanactofterrorism.”，可知這將一些黑客推向了更深的深淵，他們擔(dān)心以前無(wú)論是出于無(wú)聊或挑戰(zhàn)而做的事情，現(xiàn)在可能被視為恐怖主義行為?？膳袛喑鏊麄儞?dān)心政府把他們視為恐怖分子。

4.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，“Itistruethatthesefirewallshaveanumberofadvantages,nevertheless,theyshouldnotbeseenasapanaceatoallISsecuritywoes,merelyanenhancement.”，可知這些防火墻有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但它們不應(yīng)被視為解決所有安全問(wèn)題的萬(wàn)能藥，而僅僅是一種增強(qiáng)?？膳袛喑龇阑饓Φ娜毕葜皇牵罕M管系統(tǒng)不完善，公司也會(huì)感覺到被保護(hù)而免遭侵害。

6.單選題

Thetheoryof（

）wasdevelopedbyDarwinandisnowunderstoodbynearlyeverybodyintheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.determination

B.distribution

C.discipline

D.evolution

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。determination“決心”；distribution“分布”；discipline“學(xué)科；紀(jì)律”；evolution“演變，進(jìn)化論”。句意：進(jìn)化論由達(dá)爾文提出，現(xiàn)在幾乎世界上每個(gè)人都知道這個(gè)理論。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭維”；contemplate“沉思，注視”；complement“補(bǔ)充”。句意：電影導(dǎo)演用音樂(lè)來(lái)補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動(dòng)作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

The（）betweenthetwoplayingperiodsofafootballgameisonlyafewminutes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.internal

B.reserve

C.interval

D.radium

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)internal“內(nèi)部”；B選項(xiàng)reserve“預(yù)備，儲(chǔ)存”；C選項(xiàng)interval“間隔，間距”；D選項(xiàng)radium“鐳”。句意：足球比賽兩場(chǎng)比賽之間的間隔只有幾分鐘。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

BritishForeignSecretaryFrancisPymhascancelledavisittoRiyadh.ReportsfromLondonsaidtheForeignOfficeplayeddownsuggestionofadiplomatic（）andsaidonlythatthedatesofSecretaryPym’stripwerenotconvenientinRiyadh.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.raft

B.raffle

C.rift

D.riffle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)raft“筏；救生艇”；B選項(xiàng)raffle“廢物，垃圾；抽彩出售”；C選項(xiàng)rift“裂痕；不和”；D選項(xiàng)riffle“淺灘；急流，漣漪”。句意：英國(guó)外交大臣弗朗西斯?皮姆已取消了去利雅得的訪問(wèn)。來(lái)自英國(guó)的報(bào)道稱外交部淡化了一種外交裂痕的暗示，且還稱只有外交大臣弗朗西斯?皮姆出行的日期在利雅得是不方便的，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Becauseofa（）engagement,Loracouldn'tattendmybirthdaypartylastSaturday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pioneer

B.premature

C.prior

D.past

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。pioneer“先鋒”；premature“早產(chǎn)的，不成熟的”；prior“先前的”；past“過(guò)去”。句意：由于先前的約會(huì)，Lora上周六不能參加我的生日派對(duì)。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Today,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilities

B.appliances

C.instruments

D.equipment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)facility“設(shè)施，設(shè)備”，指可供使用的設(shè)備或設(shè)施；B項(xiàng)appliance“器具，器械”，C項(xiàng)instrument“樂(lè)器，儀器”，D項(xiàng)equipment“裝備，設(shè)備”，多指成套的或重型的設(shè)備或裝備，不光包括電子設(shè)備，還包含相關(guān)的工具。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞housework“家務(wù)”可知，空格部分表示“家用電器”合適，B項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)境。句意：今天，家用電器使家務(wù)變得容易多了。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert維護(hù)，主張，聲稱；forge偽造，鍛造；undermine破壞，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：總統(tǒng)的敵人正在散布謠言去破壞他的權(quán)威。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.單選題

Isitadvisableto______ourbodytothesunlight?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.display

C.expose

D.show

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)reveal“揭露，泄露”，B項(xiàng)display“顯示，陳列”，C項(xiàng)expose“暴露”，D項(xiàng)show“展示”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞body“身體”和sunlight“陽(yáng)光”可知，空格部分表示“暴露”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：把我們的身體暴露在陽(yáng)光下可取嗎？因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Itisobviousthat,（）self-awarenessisahealthyquality,overdoingitisharmful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.as

C.when

D.since

【答案】A

【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)while用作連詞時(shí)，譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候，和……同時(shí)；雖然……，盡管……”；B選項(xiàng)as表原因；C選項(xiàng)when表時(shí)間；D選項(xiàng)since表原因。題干的意思是“很明顯，雖然自我意識(shí)是一種健康的品質(zhì)，（）過(guò)度的自我意識(shí)是有害的。”所以空格處應(yīng)填while表轉(zhuǎn)折。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Becauseitwasverycontagious,everyoneinthefamilywasverymuchworried.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.superfluous

B.paternal

C.infectious

D.sanitary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。contagious表示“感染性的，會(huì)蔓延的”；A項(xiàng)superfluous“多余的，不必要的，奢侈的”，B項(xiàng)paternal“父親的，得自父親的”，C項(xiàng)infectious“傳染的，傳染性的”，D項(xiàng)sanitary“衛(wèi)生的，清潔的”。句意：因?yàn)樗膫魅拘院軓?qiáng)，家里的每個(gè)人都很擔(dān)心。根據(jù)句意可知，C項(xiàng)的意思符合句子。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Cultureistransmittedlargelybylanguageandbythenecessityforpeopleinclosecontacttocooperate.Themoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome—intolerationofdiversityifnothingelse.Membersofacultureoranationaregenerallyinclosercontactwithoneanotherthanwithmembersofotherculturesornations.Theybecomemorelikeeachotherandmoreunlikeothers.Inthisway,theredevelops“nationalcharacter”，whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns.

Frequently,themembersofoneculturewillinterpretthe“nationalcharacteristics”ofanothergroupintermsoftheirownvalues.Forexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered“l(fā)azy”bycitizensofsomeindustrializednations.Ontheotherhand,itmaybethattheislandersplaceagreatvalueonsocialrelationshipsbutlittlevalueon“productivity”，andcropsgrowwithlittleattention.Thenegativeconnotationofthelabel“l(fā)azy”isthusunjustifiedfromthepointofviewoftheislandculture.

Stereotypes,suchas“l(fā)azy”，“inscrutable,”and“dishonest”givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothersinasuperficialway,buttheyaredamagingtorealunderstandingamongmembersofdifferentcultures.Peoplereactmoretolabelsthantoreality.AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.The“we-they”distinctionappliestowhatevercharacteristicthe“wes’’haveandthe“theys’’donothave—andthecharacteristicsattributedtothe“theys”areusuallyoneswithanegativevalue.

Thedistinctionbecomesmostobviousintimesofconflict.Forthisreason,itisoftensuggestedtheonlythingthatmightjoinallmentogetheronthisplanetwouldbeaninvasionfromouterspace.“We”，theearthlings,wouldthenfight“them”，theoutsiders.

Giventhegreatdiversities—realandimagined—amongpeopleoftheworld,isthereanyfoundationforhopethatsomedayallmenmightjointogethertoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernment?Theoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.

1.Whatmakespeoplemoretolerantofdiversitybetweendifferentgroups?

2.“Nationalcharacter”isbuiltamongpeoplewho（

）.

3.Tosomeindustrializednations,thementionedSouthPacificislandersare

（

）.

4.Withstereotypes,peopletendto

（

）.

5.WhatistrueabouttheblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer?

6.Itispossibletoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernmentonlywhen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Extensivecommunications.

B.Languagedevelopment.

C.Closecooperation.

D.Directinteractions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.likeeachother

B.sharethesamevalues

C.speakthesamelanguage

D.thinkinthesameway

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.idle

B.carefree

C.inefficient

D.well-organized

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.reacttoeachotheronaregularbasis

B.seedifferentculturesindifferentways

C.taketheirowncultureasthebestofall

D.describeothercultureswithlabels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HewaswrongedbyhisfellowAfricanAmericans.

B.Hewasconsideredasadistinguishedvolunteer.

C.Hewasdiscriminatedagainstbythewhites.

D.HewasexcludedfromtheblackAfricans.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearewillingtoabandontheir“nationalcharacter”

B.peopleofdifferentnationsholdsimilarpoliticalviews

C.humanbeingsasawholehaveonecommonenemy

D.humanbeingsareabletocontactbeingsinouterspace.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第二句?！癟hemoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome…（交際網(wǎng)絡(luò)越廣泛，思想和信仰的交流就越多，人與人之間的相似之處也就越多。）”，從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息。可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段最后一句。“Inthisway,theredevelops‘nationalcharacter,’whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns（這樣，就形成了“民族性”，這是一群人分享價(jià)值觀和遵循相似行為模式的統(tǒng)計(jì)趨勢(shì)）”，即可得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段?！癋orexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered‘lazy’by...（例如，南太平洋島嶼的居民可能被認(rèn)為是“懶惰的”……）”，從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第一句。根據(jù)“givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothers（給人們安全的標(biāo)簽，讓他們對(duì)他人做出反應(yīng)）”，即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第三句。根據(jù)“AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.（例如，美國(guó)和平隊(duì)的黑人志愿者被非洲黑人認(rèn)為是白人，并被稱為白人。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段?！癟heoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.（其結(jié)果可能將取決于人類的政治演變。）”從而得出本題答案。

17.單選題

HurricanesformoverthetropicaloceanicregionswheretheSunheatshugemassesofmoistair.Anascendingspiralmotionresults,inthesamemannerasdescribedintornadoformation.Whenthemoistureoftherisingaircondenses,thelatentheatprovidesadditionalenergyandmoreairrisesupthecolumn.Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.

Unlikethetornado,ahurricanegainsenergyfromitssourceregion.[1]Asmoreandmoreairrises,thehurricanegrows,accompaniedbycloudsandincreasingwindsthatblowinalargespiralaroundarelativelycalm,low-pressurecenter_theeyeofthehurricane.Theeyemaybe20to30mileswide,andshipssailingintothisareahavefoundthatitisusuallycalmandclearwithnoindicationofthesurroundingstorm.Theairpressureisreduced6-8%(toabout28in.ofHg)neartheeye.Hurricanesmoveratherslowlyatafewmilesperhour.

[2]Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.Therewewindsofatleast74mi/h;butthesecanbemuchgreater,upto120-130mi/h,whichareverydangerous.Mobilehomesareparticularlyvulnerabletohurricanewinds.Thegreatestthreatfromahurricane'swindscomesfromtheircargoofdebris—adeadlybarrageofflyingmissilessuchaslawnfurniture,signs,roofing,andmetalsiding.

Hurricanewindsdomuchdamage,butdrowningisthegreatestcauseofhurricanedeaths.[3]Astheeyeofthehurricanecomesashoreor"makeslandfall",agreatdomeofwatercalledastormsurge,oftenover50miwide,comessweepingacrossthecoastline.Itbringshugewavesandstormtidesthatmayreach25ftormoreabovenormal.Therisemaycomerapidly,floodingcoastallowlands.Nineoutoftenhurricanecasualtiesarecausedbythestormsurge.Thetorrentialrainsthataccompanythehurricaneproducesuddenfloodingasthestormmovesinland.Asitswindsdiminish,rainfallfloodsconstitutethehurricane'sgreatestthreat.

Oncecutofffromthewarmocean,thestormbeginstodie,starvedforwaterandheatenergy,andcraggedapartbyfrictionasitmovesovertheland.Eventhoughahurricaneweakensrapidlyasitmovesinland,theremnantsofthestormcanbring6-12in.ofrainormoretotheareastheycross.[4]Forexample,HurricaneDianeof

1955causedlittledamageasitmovedintotheGulfcoastalarea;butlongafteritswindssubsided,itbroughtfloodstoPennsylvania,NewYork,andNewEnglandthatkilled200personsandcostanestimated$700millionindamage.In1972,HurricaneAgnesfusedwithanotherstormsystem,floodingcreekandriverbasinsintheNortheastwithmorethanafootofraininlessthan12hours,killing117people,andcausingalmost$3billiondamage.

1.Thesubjectinthispassageis().

2.InParagraph1,theword"latent"means()

3.Iftheauthorweredeliveringthispassageorally,hisorhertoneofvoicewouldprobablybe().

4.WhatdoesthesentenceinParagraph4“Nineoutoften...”doinrelationtothesentence"Hurricanewindsdo..."?

5.Whichofthesestatementswouldtheauthorsupport?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tornadoes

B.hurricanes

C.winds

D.hurricanewinds

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.potential

B.low

C.high

D.extreme

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B..celebratory

C.righteous

D.awestruck

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itcontradictswhatissaidinthelatter.

B.Itsummarizeswhatissaidinthelatter.

C.Itactsasaspecificexampleofwhatisstatedinthelatter.

D.Italtersthemeaningofwhatisstatedinthelatter.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hurricanesaremerelybigstormsliketornadoes.

B.Hurricanewindsaren'tmuchofaproblemunlessyouliveonthecoast.

C.Hurricanesaremoreofaproblemforairplanesthanforboats.

D.Hurricanesaredestructiveanddangerousacrosslargeareas.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容,本文主要講的是颶風(fēng)。選項(xiàng)B和D都是颶風(fēng),但是hurricanewinds強(qiáng)調(diào)的是winds,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Thislatentheatisachiefsourceofthehurricane'senergyandisreadilyavailablefromthecondensationofthemoistairofitssourceregion.”這種熱能是颶風(fēng)能量的主要來(lái)源,很容易從其來(lái)源地區(qū)潮濕空氣的冷凝中獲得。所以選項(xiàng)A潛在的符合原文。

3.作者如果用口頭表達(dá)這篇文章的話,他的語(yǔ)氣可能是.objective客觀的；celebratory有褒揚(yáng)意味；righteous正義的；awestruck被嚇住而畢恭畢敬。

4.根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“Nineoutoften...”十分之九的颶風(fēng)傷亡是由風(fēng)暴潮造成的。這與第四段的首句"Hurricanewindsdo..."颶風(fēng)造成的破壞很大,但溺水是造成颶風(fēng)死亡的最大原因。前后矛盾。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Coveringbroadareas,hurricanescanbeparticularlydestructive.”選項(xiàng)D颶風(fēng)在大面積的開闊地帶威力最大,符合原文。

18.單選題

AstoutoldladywaswalkingwithherbasketdownthemiddleofastreetinPetrogradtothegreatconfusionofthetrafficandwithnosmallperiltoherself.Itwaspointedouttoherthatthepavementwastheplaceforpedestrians,butshereplied,“I’mgoingtowalkwhereIlike.We’vegotlibertynow.”Itdidnotoccurtothedearoldladythatiflibertyentitledthepedestriantowalkdownthemiddleoftheroad,thentheendofsuchlibertywouldbeuniversalchaos.Everybodywouldbegettingineverybodyelse’swayandnobodywouldgetanywhere.Individuallibertywouldhavebecomesocialanarchy.

Thereisadangeroftheworldgettingliberty—drunkinthesedaysliketheoldladywiththebasket,anditisjustaswelltoremindourselvesofwhattheruleoftheroadmeans.Itmeansthatinorderthatthelibertiesofallmaybepreserved,thelibertiesofeverybodymustbecurtailed.Whenthepoliceman,say,atPiccadillyCircusstepsintothemiddleoftheroadandputsouthishand,heisthesymbolnotoftyranny,butofliberty.Youmaynotthinkso.Youmay,beinginahurry,andseeingyourcarpulledupbythisinsolenceofoffice,feelthatyourlibertyhasbeenoutraged.Howdarethisfellowinterferewithyourfreeuseofthepublichighway?Then,ifyouareareasonableperson,youwillreflectthatifhedidnotinterferewithyou,hewouldinterferewithnoone,andtheresultwouldbethatPiccadillyCircuswouldbeamaelstromthatyouwouldnevercrossatall.Youhavesubmittedtoacurtailmentofprivatelibertyinorderthatyoumayenjoyasocialorderwhichmakesyourlibertyareality.

Libertyisnotapersonalaffaironly,butasocialcontract.Itisanaccommodationofinterests.Inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike.IfIchoosetogodowntheroadinadressing-gownwhoshallsaymenay?Youhavelibertytolaughatme,butIhavelibertytobeindifferenttoyou.AndifIhaveafancyfordyeingmyhair,orwaxingmymoustache(whichheavenforbid),orwearinganovercoatandsandals,orgoingtobedlateorgettingupearly,Ishallfollowmyfancyandasknoman’spermission.IshallnotinquireofyouwhetherImayeatmustardwithmymutton.Andyouwillnotaskmewhetheryoumayfollowthisreligionorthat,whetheryoumaypreferEllaWheelerWilcoxtoWordsworth,orchampagnetoshandy.

InalltheseandathousandotherdetailsyouandIpleaseourselvesandasknoone’sleave.Wehaveawholekingdominwhichwerulealone,candowhatwechoose,bewiseorridiculous,harshoreasy,conventionalorodd.Butdirectlywestepoutofthatkingdom,ourpersonallibertyofactionbecomesqualifiedbyotherpeople’sliberty.Imightliketopracticeonthetrombonefrommidnighttillthreeinthemorning.IfIwentontothetopofEveresttodoit,Icouldpleasemyself,butifIdoitinmybedroommyfamilywillobject,andifIdoitoutinthestreetstheneighborswillremindmethatmylibertytoblowthetrombonemustnotinterferewiththeirlibertytosleepinquiet.Therearealotofpeopleintheworld,andIhavetoaccommodatemylibertytotheirliberties.

Weareallliabletoforgetthis,andunfortunatelywearemuchmoreconsciousoftheimperfectionsofothersinthisrespectthanofourown.Areasonableconsiderationfortherightsorfeelingsofothersisthefoundationofsocialconduct.Itisinthesmallmattersofconduct,intheobservanceoftheruleoftheroad,thatwepassjudgmentuponourselves,anddeclarethatwearecivilizedoruncivilized.Thegreatmomentsofheroismandsacrificearerare.Itisthelittlehabitsofcommonplaceintercoursethatmakeupthegreatsumoflifeandsweetenormakebitterthejourney.

1.Theauthormighthavestatedhis“ruleoftheroad”as（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetotheoldladyinParagraph1is（）.

3.Asituationanalogoustothe“insolenceofoffice”describedinParagraph2wouldbe（）.

4.Theauthorassumesthathemaybeasfreeashelikesin（）.

5.Inthesentence“Weareallliable...”theauthoris（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.donotwalkinthemiddleoftheroad

B.followtheordersofpolicemen

C.donotbehaveinconsideratelyinpublic

D.dowhatyoulikeinprivate

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.condescending

B.intolerant

C.objective

D.supportive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ateachercorrectinggrammarerrors

B.aneditorshorteningthetextofanarticle

C.ataxinspectordemandingtoseesomeone’saccounts

D.anarmyofficegivingorderstoasoldier

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.allmattersofdressandfood

B.anysituationwhichdoesnotinterferewiththelibertyofothers

C.anythingthatisnotagainstthelaw

D.hisownhome

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.pointingoutageneralweakness

B.emphasizinghismainpoint

C.counteringageneralmisconception

D.suggestingaremedy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:ruleoftheroad出現(xiàn)在文章的第二段第一句話的后半句，作者在第一段中舉了老太太不走人行道過(guò)馬路這個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣。作者的觀點(diǎn)是要懂得在公共場(chǎng)合體諒他人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:作者對(duì)老太太過(guò)馬路不遵守交通規(guī)則持反對(duì)態(tài)度，認(rèn)為她只顧自己的絕對(duì)自由而不管他人，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:insolenceofoffice指的是前面提到的警察指揮交通，這種行為看似侵害到了個(gè)人自由，選項(xiàng)C“稅務(wù)檢察院檢查某人的賬目”與之相似，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第4題:文章第三段第二句話inmatterswhichdonottouchanybodyelse’sliberty,ofcourse,ImaybeasfreeasIlike提到絕對(duì)自由的前提是不要妨礙他人的自由，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第5題:句子位于文章最后一段第一句話，這個(gè)句子中的this指代上文提到的不應(yīng)該妨礙他人的自由，人們很容易忘記這一點(diǎn)，人們?nèi)菀卓吹絼e人的缺陷。作者指出人們都有這個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Manypeopledreadgoingonforeignassignments一sometimesevenbeforethey’vegoneonone.Theyhearstoriesabouthowexhaustinganddisorientingbusinesstravelcanbe.Theyworryaboutgettingsick,gettinglonely,orgettingkilled.They’reafraidtheywon’tbelikedorthattheywon’tsucceed.Butthefactisthatformanypeopleaforeignassignmentcanbetheopportunityandthrillofalifetime.

TheWallStreetJournalreportsthestoryofJohnAliberti,whohadspenthiscareerworkingtobecomeamidlevelmanagerforUnionSwitchinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania.Alibertiseemedlikeanoddchoiceforanoverseasassignment:Hehadnoexperienceininternationaltravelandbusiness.ButwhenhewaschosentorepresentthecompanyastechnicalexpertandrepresentativeinChina,Alibertirespondedwithenthusiasm:“Backhom