考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

HurricaneHugowill_____intherecordbooksasthecostlieststormeverfacedbyinsurers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.godown

B.goup

C.goby

D.gothrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。godown“下降，傳下去”；goup“增長(zhǎng)，上升”；goby“經(jīng)過(guò)，順便拜訪”；gothrough“經(jīng)受，通過(guò)，仔細(xì)檢查”。句意：颶風(fēng)雨果將作為有史以來(lái)遭遇損失最嚴(yán)重的暴風(fēng)雨被載入史冊(cè)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.填空題

Whatisdrug?Mostpeopleprobablythinkthereisaperfect

simpleanswertothisquestion.Infact,ifoneconductsaquicksurveyonanystreetcorner,onefindsthat,accordingtovastmajorityofpeople,therearetwogroupsofdrugs:thoseprescribedbydoctorsandthosepeopletakefornon-medical

use.Asmedicineandthemedicalprofessionsaregenerallyself-respectful,therearen’tanyobjectionstotheuseofprescribingdrugs.Whatmostpeopledon’trealizeisthatthoughprescribed

drugsareusuallybeneficial,theycanalsopresentaseriousproblem.Thereweremanypeopleaddictedbytranquillizersbeforedoctorsbegantoprescribethem:nowtherebeing

literallymillionswhodependonthem.Anacceptanceoftheuse

ofdrugsfornon-medicalreasonsislargelyamatterofa

culture.SomeEasternpeoplethinktheuseofalcoholwithhorror,mainlyasaresultofreligiousupbringing.However,thesesamepeoplefreelyusemarijuanawithoutasecondthought,andthis,inturnisn’tacceptedinwesternculture

whichacceptsalcohol.Inmostwesternsocieties,thetea-or-coffee-breakisnowapartoflife,andhugequantitiesofthesedrinksareconsumeddaily.

1.______

2.______

3.______

4.______

5.______

6.______

7.______

8.______

9.______

10.______

【答案】1.【答案】perfect改為perfectly

2.【答案】∧vastmajorityofpeople加上the

3.【答案】andthose∧people加上which

4.【答案】self-respectful改為self-respected

5.【答案】prescribingdrugs改為prescribeddrugs

6.【答案】addictedby改為addictedto

7.【答案】therebeing改為thereare

8.【答案】Anacceptance改為Theacceptance

9.【答案】ofaculture去掉a

10.【答案】andthis改為whilethis

【解析】1.【解題思路】perfect是形容詞，后面的simple也是形容詞，而在英語(yǔ)中，只有副詞才能修飾形容詞，所以應(yīng)該把perfect改為perfectly。

2.【解題思路】此處特指接受街頭調(diào)查的大多數(shù)人，因此要添加定冠詞the。

3.【解題思路】those指代前文中出現(xiàn)的drugs，后面為定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)詞要在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，因此要補(bǔ)充關(guān)系代詞which。

4.【解題思路】self-respectful表示本身對(duì)別人表示尊重，self-respected表示本身受到別人尊重。該句表示“當(dāng)醫(yī)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè)本身受到尊重時(shí)，人們就不會(huì)反對(duì)使用處方藥”，所以要把self-respectful改為self-respected。

5.【解題思路】drug是動(dòng)作prescribe的受動(dòng)者，所以采用過(guò)去分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)prescribeddrugs表示處方藥。因此，將prescribingdrugs改為prescribeddrugs。

6.【解題思路】addicted的搭配是beaddictedto，表示“對(duì)……上癮，沉溺于”，所以這里要將addictedby改為addictedto。

7.【解題思路】英語(yǔ)中冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前文內(nèi)容的解釋說(shuō)明，可以加短語(yǔ)也可以加完整的句子。題目中顯然是句子，而therebeing為非謂語(yǔ)，因此要將therebeing改為thereare。

8.【解題思路】acceptance在這里是特指對(duì)因非醫(yī)學(xué)原因使用藥物的接受，因此要用定冠詞the表示特指。所以將Anacceptance改為Theacceptance。

9.【解題思路】culture表示文明或者文化總稱時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，因此不用加冠詞a，所以應(yīng)該把a(bǔ)去掉。

10.【解題思路】根據(jù)前后句意“然而，這些人不假思索地隨意吸食大麻，這在接受酒精的西方文化中是不被接受的”可知，前后兩句存在對(duì)比關(guān)系，因此要用連詞while。所以要將and改為while。

3.單選題

I’venotevenreadthefirstchapter____finishedthewholenovel.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ratherthan

B.muchmore

C.aswellas

D.muchless

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ratherthan而不是B.muchmore更加；多得多

C.aswellas也；和……一樣D.muchless更不用說(shuō)；不及

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：我甚至還沒(méi)讀完第一章……看完整本小說(shuō)。根據(jù)邏輯，小說(shuō)第一章都沒(méi)有看完，可推斷更不用說(shuō)看完整本小說(shuō)了。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我連第一章都沒(méi)看完，更別說(shuō)讀完整部小說(shuō)了。

4.單選題

21-25

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Suicide.

B.Obesity.

C.Turmoil.

D.Drugabuse.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Preventable.

B.Destructive.

C.Treatable.

D.Curable.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Combiningantidepressantsandtalktherapy.

B.Promotingthetransmissionbetweenneurons.

C.Winningparentalassistanceandsupport.

D.Administeringeffectiveantidepressants.24.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitaddstotheeffectoftreatment.

B.Becauseitworksbetterthanthemedications.

C.Becauseitcantaketheplaceofantidepressants.

D.Becauseithelpsreducetheuseofantidepressants.25.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.65percent.

B.75percent.

C.85percent.

D.95percent.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】(21)Suicideisaveryrealriskforyoungpeoplewhosufferfromclinicaldepression.Infactduringthepasttwoyearssuicidehasincreasedamongyouthsbetweentheagesof10and19,buttherearen'ttreatmentsthatcanhelp.(22)(23)Researchersshowthatthemosteffectivetreatmentisthecombinationofanti-depressionandtalktherapy.Anti-depressantsworkbyincreasingchemical—whichfacilitatecommunicationsbetweenneuronsinthebrainAnti-depressantsarethemosteffectivetreatmentformostadults.Butwhenitcomestoteenagers,it’snotenough.”SaysdoctorR,apsychiatrist.With—universitymedicalcenter.13ageyearsarefullofturmoil,emotionsandchanges.Andtherearefamilyconflictsandconflictswithrelationshipthatcancontributetodistressinadolescentssays.Andanti-depressantmedicationsmaynotbeabletodealwithallofthoseproblems,"psychotherapy,specificallyproblem-behavioraltherapyneedtobecombined,"hesays.(24)(25)Inhisrecentmajorstudy,withthetherapyinusealongwithanti-depressants.75%ofkidsarereportedfeelingbetterandlesssuicidalafter3monthprobablybecausetheproblem-behavioraltherapytacklethinkingandfeelinginaveryparticularwaythatmedicinesmaynot.Andinparticularsuicidalcase.Itintervenesinapositiveway.Say.doctorF,apsychiatristwith—inthemedicalcollege.

21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

【解析】從首句可知：對(duì)于臨床抑郁癥的年輕人來(lái)講，他們非常有可能自殺。因此本文的主要內(nèi)容是講如何治療抑郁從而避免自殺的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故A為正確選項(xiàng)。

22.Towhatextentcantheproblembedealtwith?

【解析】通過(guò)文章中的“researchersshowthatthemosteffectivetreatmentisthecombinationofanti-depressionandtalktherapy”（研究表明，最有效的治療方式是抗抑郁和談話治療的結(jié)合），由此可知，臨床抑郁癥是可治療的。故本題選C。

23.Whatwayisthebetteralternativenowtotreattheproblems?

【解析】通過(guò)上題解析可知，A項(xiàng)正確。

24.Whyshouldtalktherapybecombined?

【解析】通過(guò)錄音中可知，75%的青少年都在使用心理療法（psychotherapy）之后，感覺(jué)會(huì)好一些，自殺的沖動(dòng)也會(huì)減輕。因此，心理療法可以與藥物療法同時(shí)使用，因?yàn)槟茉黾雍笳叩男Ч９时绢}選A。

25.Whatisthepercentageofthekidswhofeelbetterafterthecombinedtherapy?

【解析】該數(shù)字應(yīng)為75%。

5.單選題

Theprospectofincreasedpricehasalready（

）worries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.provoked

B.irritated

C.inspired

D.hoisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。provoke“激起，挑起，引起”；irritate“刺激，使興奮，激怒”；inspire“激發(fā)，鼓舞，啟示”；hoist“把……吊起，升起”。句意：價(jià)格上漲的前景已經(jīng)引起了人們的擔(dān)憂。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Asensitivepersonisonewhoiseasilyhurtor（）bythingsthatpeopledoorsay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.offended

B.wounded

C.stimulated

D.motivated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。offend"冒犯;進(jìn)攻";wound"傷害,受傷";stimulate"刺激,鼓舞";motivate"承受,具有,支撐"。根據(jù)or可以推斷填空處應(yīng)與hurt意思相近。wound一般指外傷,傷口,不符合句意,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。句意：敏感的人很容易被別人的言行傷害或冒犯。

試題答案

A

7.單選題

Theeconomygrewatitsfastestratesince1980thankstoa(n)（

）inworldtrade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inflation

B.stimulus

C.bulge

D.boom

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。inflation“膨脹；通貨膨脹”；stimulus“刺激；激勵(lì)”；bulge“膨脹；凸出部分”；boom“繁榮”。句意：由于世界貿(mào)易的繁榮，經(jīng)濟(jì)自1980年以來(lái)以最快的速度增長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

AclassactionlawsuithasbeenfiledagainstaprominentTorontodoctorbypatientswhoallegeheinjectedabannedsubstanceintotheirfacesforcosmeticpurposes.Thedoctorhadalreadybeeninvestigatedformorethanthreeyearsforusingtheliquidsilicone,aproductnotauthorizedforuseinCanada.

Somepatientssaytheyarenowsufferinghealthproblemsandthinktheliquidsiliconemaybetoblame.OneofthosepatientsisAnnaBarbiero.ShesaysherTorontodermatologisttoldherhewasusingliquidsiliconetosmoothoutwrinkles.Whatshesayshedidn’ttellheristhatitisn'tapprovedforuseinCanada.“Ididn'tknowwhatliquidsiliconewasandhejustcalleditliquidgold,Barbieroremembers.Afterherlasttreatment,AnnadiscoveredDr.SheldonPollackhadbeenorderedtostopusingthesiliconetwoyearsearlierbyHealthCanada.Expertssaysiliconecanmigratethroughthebody,andcauseinflammationanddeformities.

“Myupperlipisalwaysnumbanditburns”，Barbierosays.Barbieroisspearheading（帶頭）alawsuitagainstthedoctor,whoherlawyerthinksmightinvolveupto100patientsinjectedwiththesamematerial.“Thefact,aphysicianofhisstaturewoulduseanunauthorizedproductonapatientbecausehethoughtitwasokay,isreallyverydisturbing.”sayslawyerDouglasElliott.

Ontario’sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsisalsoinvestigatingDr.Pollacktoseeif,infact,hecontinuedtousethesiliconeafteragreeingtostopandwhetherhewroteinpatientrecordsthatheusedanotherlegalproductwhenheusedsilicone.However,inalettertotheCollege,Dr.PollackwrotethathehadalwaystoldpatientsthatthesiliconewasnotapprovedforsaleinCanada,andhadwarnedthemoftherisks.AndinBarviero’scase,“atthetimeofherfirstvisit,priortohereverreceivingIGLStreatment,IspecificallyinformedherthatthematerialwasnotapprovedforsaleinCanadabytheHealthProtectionBranchandthatIdidreceivethematerialfromoutsidethecountryIwouldliketoemphasizethat,asisevidentonMs.Barbiero’schart,IdrewaspecificdiagramonthechartwhichIcarefullydiscussedwithandexplainedtoMs.BarbieroasIdidwitheveryotherpatienttoexplainthenatureandlikelihoodofcomplicationsandthereasonsandconsequencesofthosepossiblecomplications.”

Dr.PollackdeclinetospeaktoCTVNews,ortohavehislawyerdiscussthecase.Noneoftheallegationshavebeenprovenincourt.Butthecauseraisesquestionsabouttheabilityofgoverningbodiestomonitordoctors.“There’salargemessageandthatis:buyerbeware,”saysNancyNeilsenofCosmeticSurgeryCanada,It'sincumbent（負(fù)有義務(wù)的）onconsumerstodotheirresearch.”

1.DoctorSheldonPollackwaschargedthat（）.

2.Whatdoestheword"dermatoIogist"(Line2.Para2)mean?

3.TheinvestigationofOntario'sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeonsistofind（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Fromtheendingpartofthepassage,wecanconcludethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hehadprescribedwrongmedicineforpatientsbymistake

B.hehadtreatedhispatientswithsomethingillegal,causingbadresult

C.hehadpretendedtobeaprominentsurgeon

D.hehadsoldanunauthorizedproductinlargeamount

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Apersonwhoseworkisfilling,cleaningandtakingoutteeth

B.Apersonwhoseworkisstudyingmentaldiseases

C.Apersonwhoseworkishealingeyediseases

D.Apersonwhoseworkiscuringskindiseases

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whetherhestillhasillegaltreatmentonhispatients

B.howmanypatientshavebeenabused

C.ifhetoldhispatientsabouttherisk

D.howmuchmoneyhegotfromhisillegaltreatment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Barbierotookthetreatmentafterbeingtoldtherisk

B.Dr.SheldonPollackstartedhisworkwiththepatients'agreementacceptthepotential

C.Afamousdoctorshouldbeauthorizedtousesomething,hethinksokayonpatients

D.Barbieroissufferingalot

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Barbierowillwinthelawsuit

B.Dr.SheldonPollackwillwinthelawsuit

C.thecaseshavebeendismissed

D.governingbodiestomonitordoctorwillbecharged

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出：AclassactionlawsuithasbeenfiledagainstaprominentTorontodoctorbypatientswhoallegeheinjectedabannedsubstanceintotheirfacesforcosmeticpurposes（日前，多倫多一名著名醫(yī)生被患者提起集體訴訟，指控他為美容目的向臉部注射違禁藥物）。第二段指出：Somepatientssaytheyarenowsufferinghealthproblemsandthinktheliquidsiliconemaybetoblame（一些病人說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在正遭受健康問(wèn)題，并認(rèn)為液體硅膠可能是罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝?。因此B項(xiàng)“他用導(dǎo)致不好結(jié)果的一些不合法東西治療自己的病人”正確。

第2題:詞義題?！癲ermatoIogist”所在句為：ShesaysherTorontodermatologisttoldherhewasusingliquidsiliconetosmoothoutwrinkles（她說(shuō)，她在多倫多的…告訴她，他正使用液體硅膠來(lái)去除皺紋）。由此推測(cè)，“dermatoIogist”可能表示“工作是治療皮膚病的人”，故選D。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出：...toseeif,infact,hecontinuedtousethesiliconeafteragreeingtostopandwhetherhewroteinpatientrecordsthatheusedanotherlegalproductwhenheusedsilicone（看看他在同意停止使用硅膠后是否繼續(xù)使用，以及他是否在病人記錄中注明在使用硅膠時(shí)使用了另一種合法產(chǎn)品）。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“是否他仍然在他的病人身上有非法的治療”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:Barbiero在被告知有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)后接受了治療。B:SheldonPollack醫(yī)生在病人同意接受這種可能性后開(kāi)始了手術(shù)。文章指出：Dr.Pollack和病人Barbiero對(duì)是否告知液態(tài)硅膠的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)各執(zhí)一詞。因此A和B項(xiàng)不正確。C:一個(gè)有名的醫(yī)生應(yīng)該被授權(quán)在病人身上使用他認(rèn)為沒(méi)問(wèn)題的東西。D:Barbiero飽受其害。第三段指出：Thefact,aphysicianofhisstaturewoulduseanunauthorizedproductonapatientbecausehethoughtitwasokay,isreallyverydisturbing（事實(shí)上，像他這樣的醫(yī)生會(huì)在病人身上使用未經(jīng)授權(quán)的產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為這是可以的，這才令人不安）。因此C項(xiàng)不正確，D項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。A:Barbiero將贏得這場(chǎng)官司。B:SheldonPollack醫(yī)生將贏得這場(chǎng)官司。最后一段指出：Noneoftheallegationshavebeenprovenincourt（迄今所有指控都未經(jīng)法庭認(rèn)證）。因此A跟B項(xiàng)都不正確。C:這些案件已被駁回。D:監(jiān)督醫(yī)生的管理機(jī)構(gòu)將被起訴。最后一段指出：Butthecauseraisesquestionsabouttheabilityofgoverningbodiestomonitordoctors（但是這個(gè)案件引發(fā)了人們對(duì)于政府監(jiān)管部門對(duì)醫(yī)生的監(jiān)督能力的質(zhì)疑）。因此D項(xiàng)不正確，本題選C。

9.單選題

TheUnitedNationsPopulationFundhaspickedOctober31asthedaytheworldwillbehometo7

billionpeople.

Forbetterandworse,it’samilestone.

Andtherewillbemoremilestonesahead.Fourteenyearsfromnow,thereareexpectedtobe8

billionpeopleontheplanet.Mostofthegrowthwilloccurintheworld’spoorercountries.

Proportionally,Europe’spopulationwilldecline,whileAfrica’swillincrease.Ataroundthesametime,

IndiawillovertakeChinaasthemostpopulousnationonEarth.

Thegrowingglobalpopulationisjustonesideofthecoin.ArecentreportfromtheWorldHealth

Organizationsignaledtheseriousnessofthehumanpopulationexplosion:morethan3billionpeople—

abouthalftheworld’spopulation—aremalnourished.Neverbeforehavesomany,orsuchalarge

proportion,oftheworld’speoplebeenmalnourished.

Andinagrowingnumberofcountriesthereisaseeminglyunstoppablemarchtowardsub-

replacementfertility,wherebyeachnewgenerationislesspopulousthanthepreviousone,and

populationaging.

Asaresultofdecliningfertilityandincreasinglongevity,thepopulationsofmoreandmore

countriesareagingrapidly.Between2005and2050,ariseinthepopulationaged60yearsoroverwill

bevisible,whereasthenumberofchildren(personsunderage15)willdeclineslightly.

Populationagingrepresents,inonesense,asuccessstoryformankind,butitalsoposesprofoundchallengestopublicinstitutionsthatmustadapttoachangingagestructure.

ThelatestnationalcensusinChinashowsthenumberofelderlypeopleinthecountryhasjumpedto

morethan13.3percentofthepopulation,anincreaseofnearly3percentagepointsonthepercentage

fromthepreviouscensusin2000.Aquarterofthecountry’spopulationwillbeover65by2050,

accordingtotheNationalPopulationandFamilyPlanningCommission.

Thegrowingnumberofelderlyisachallengethatthegovernmentneedstotackle；wecan’trelyon

theever-increasingpopulationtosupportthemormaintainthenation’seconomicgrowth.Better

solutionsareneeded,suchasraisingretirementagestoreflectthegreaterlongevityandworking

capabilityoftoday’solderadultsandmakingadjustmentssopensionprogramsaremoreaccessible.

ItwashearteningtoheartheMinistryofHumanResourcesandSocialSecurityspokesperson

announcedinBeijingonTuesdaythatthegovernmentwilltakeretirementpolicyseriouslyand

proactively.

ShanghaibegantestingaflexibleretirementsystemlastOctober.Eligibleemployeesintheprivate

sectorareallowedtopostponeretirementuntiltheageof65formenand60forwomen.Public

servants,however,willcontinuetoretireunderthepresentsystemage60formenand55forwomen.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Indiawill_____in14years.

2.Whatproblemwillresultfromtheglobalpopulationexplosion?

3.PopulationonagingrepresentsthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

4.Today’solderadultsenjoy（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthespokesperson’sannouncement?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beapoorercountry

B.bethemostpopulouscountry

C.declineinpopulation

D.increaseinvestmentinAfrica.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Populationaging.

B.Increasinglongevity.

C.Decliningfertility.

D.Expandingmalnourishment.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.rapideconomicdevelopment

B.challengetopublicinstitutions

C.successstoryofmankind

D.changingagestructure

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moreworkingyears

B.moreaccessiblepensionprograms

C.greaterlongevity

D.greatergovernmentsupport

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Angered.

B.Delighted.

C.Indifferent.

D.Disappointed.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，印度將在14年后______。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞India和14years定位到文章第三段最后一句“IndiawillovertakeChinaasthemostpopulousnationonEarth”，印度將超越中國(guó)成為人口最大國(guó)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：全球人口激增將帶來(lái)什么問(wèn)題？文章第四段第二句提到“人口激增”。緊接著后文提到“morethan3billionpeople—abouthalftheworld’spopulation—aremalnourished”，可知營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的人口增多，范圍會(huì)擴(kuò)大。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：人口老齡化帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題除了_____。第七段提到人口老齡化的問(wèn)題“Populationagingrepresents,inonesense,asuccessstoryformankind,butitalsoposesprofoundchallengestopublicinstitutionsthatmustadapttoachangingagestructure.”除了A選項(xiàng)的“經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展”沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)外，其他都是人口老齡化的問(wèn)題。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：現(xiàn)在的老年人享有_____。文章第九段提到“Bettersolutionsareneeded,suchasraisingretirementagestoreflectthegreaterlongevityandworkingcapabilityoftoday’solderadultsandmakingadjustmentssopensionprogramsaremoreaccessible”，可知，在（人口老齡化）這種情況下需要更好的解決方法，比如考慮到如今老年人的壽命越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，以及他們的工作能力，可以采取提高退休年齡的方法；也可作出政策調(diào)整，使養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃更改。由此可知，如今老年人的壽命是越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.態(tài)度題。題干：作者對(duì)發(fā)言人的聲明持什么態(tài)度？關(guān)于發(fā)言人的生明出現(xiàn)在文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句，使用的語(yǔ)句是“itishearteningtohear振奮人心的”，可知作者對(duì)于聲明持積極態(tài)度。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Asacompanyexecutivewhospenttenyearsinfederalservice,IamoftenaskedwhatIregardasthebiggestdifferencebetweenworkingforthegovernmentandworkingforaprivatecompany.Myinvariableresponseistosaythat1lookbackonmytimeingovernmentasoneofthemostexcitingandchallengingexperiencesofmylife.Furthermore,IneverworkedashardaswhenIwasapublicservant.

WhenIworkedforthegovernment;Iworkedwithsomeofthefinest,mostcompetentandmostcommittedpeopleIhaveevermet.Iwasimpressedbytheoverallqualityofourcareercivilservantsthen,andIstillam.ButoneofmygreatestconcernsnowisthatIwillnotbeabletoholdthissamehighopinioninthefuture.

Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers,andqualifiedreplacementsarebecomingharderandhardertofind.Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises.

Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,tosecurejusticeanddomesticorderandtosolveahostofpressingproblems.Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.Ahigh-qualityprofessionalfederalservicehasbeenasourceofnationalprideformorethanacentury.Butwhatwehavebuiltupduringahundredyearscanbelostinlesstimethanweimagine.Wecan’taffordtoletthishappen.Wemustactnowifthiscountryistobeassuredofthequalitypublicserviceitdeserves.

1.Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers.Oneofthereasonsmaybethat（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,soIwillnotbeabletoholdthissamehighopiniontowardthepublicservantsinthefuture.

3.Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,therefore（

）.

4.Ifweneglecttheseriousproblemandmakenoefforts,wewilllose（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyreceivedlowerpay

B.theydeservednofameandglory

C.theyperformedpoorly

D.theyworkedharderthananyoneelse.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.IneverworkedashardaswhenIwasapublicservant

B.Ihavebecomeacompanyexecutive

C.therewillnotbesomanycompetentandqualifiedservantsinthegovernmentaswehadbefore

D.mytimeingovernmentwasnotthemostexcitingexperienceinmylife

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldmakegreatercontributionstothecountry

B.thebestpossiblepeopleareurgentlyneededtodoimportanttasks

C.weshouldshowdeepconcernaboutthenation’sfuture

D.weshouldbecomepublicservants

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.nationalpride

B.high-qualityprofessionalfederalservice

C.goodpeople

D.privateenterprise

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewhoworkforcompaniesarehighlypaid.

B.Moreandmorepublicservantshaveleftthegovernment.

C.Careerpublicservantsarequalified.

D.Manypeopleofhighqualitieswanttoworkinthegovernment.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。題干：離開(kāi)政府的職業(yè)公務(wù)員數(shù)量驚人。其中一個(gè)原因可能是……A選項(xiàng)“他們的工資低”；B選項(xiàng)“他們不配享有名譽(yù)和榮譽(yù)”；C選項(xiàng)“他們表現(xiàn)不佳”；D選項(xiàng)“他們比任何人都努力”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二句話Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises（離開(kāi)政府部門的優(yōu)秀人才正在爭(zhēng)取私營(yíng)企業(yè)的高薪職位），從這里可以推斷，公務(wù)員離職和工資是有關(guān)系的，所以答案選A。其他選項(xiàng)不符題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。題干：根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，（）所以我將來(lái)不會(huì)對(duì)公務(wù)員有同樣高的評(píng)價(jià)。A選項(xiàng)“我從來(lái)沒(méi)有像當(dāng)公務(wù)員時(shí)那樣努力工作”；B選項(xiàng)“我已經(jīng)成為一家公司的主管”；C選項(xiàng)“在政府將不會(huì)有像我們以前那么多的有能力和合格的服務(wù)員”；D選項(xiàng)“在政府工作并不是我一生中最激動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第二句話Iwasimpressedbytheoverallqualityofourcareercivilservantsthen,andIstillam.（當(dāng)時(shí)的公務(wù)員整體素質(zhì)給我留下了深刻的印象，現(xiàn)在依然如此），由此可知文章中的“opinion”指的是公務(wù)員素質(zhì)很好；定位到第三段第一句Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers,andqualifiedreplacementsarebecomingharderandhardertofind.（離開(kāi)政府的職業(yè)公務(wù)員數(shù)量驚人，合格的接替者越來(lái)越難找到）從這里可知，作者會(huì)認(rèn)為自己將來(lái)不會(huì)有這種觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)楣珓?wù)員都離職了，新進(jìn)的人素質(zhì)沒(méi)有這么高，所以答案選C。

第3題:判斷推理題。題干：在這個(gè)不確定的世界里，我們依靠政府來(lái)保證國(guó)家的安全因此……A選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該對(duì)國(guó)家作出更大的貢獻(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)“重要任務(wù)迫切需要盡可能優(yōu)秀的人才”；C選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該對(duì)國(guó)家的前途表示深切的關(guān)心”；D選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該成為公務(wù)員”。定位到第三段第一二句話Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,tosecurejusticeanddomesticorderandtosolveahostofpressingproblems.Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.（在這個(gè)充滿不確定性的世界上，我們依靠政府來(lái)維護(hù)國(guó)家的安全，維護(hù)正義和國(guó)內(nèi)秩序，并解決一系列緊迫的問(wèn)題。我們需要盡可能優(yōu)秀的人來(lái)執(zhí)行和監(jiān)督這些重要的任務(wù)。）由此可推斷答案選B。A、D選項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及；文章最后一段最后一句話Wemustactnowifthiscountryistobeassuredofthequalitypublicserviceitdeserves.（如果這個(gè)國(guó)家想要得到它應(yīng)得的高質(zhì)量的公共服務(wù)，我們必須現(xiàn)在就采取行動(dòng)）從這里可知我們應(yīng)該行動(dòng)起來(lái)而不只是憂慮，C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

第4題:判斷推理題。題干：如果我們忽視這個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，不做任何努力，我們將會(huì)失去……。A選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家榮譽(yù)”；B選項(xiàng)“優(yōu)質(zhì)專業(yè)的聯(lián)邦服務(wù)”；C選項(xiàng)“好的人民”；D選項(xiàng)“私人公司”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段最后一句Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises.

（離開(kāi)政府部門的優(yōu)秀人才正在爭(zhēng)取私營(yíng)企業(yè)的高薪職位。）從這里可知，問(wèn)題就在于人才的流失，定位到最后一段第二三句Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.Ahigh-qualityprofessionalfederalservicehasbeenasourceofnationalprideformorethanacentury.（我們需要盡可能優(yōu)秀的人來(lái)執(zhí)行和監(jiān)督這些重要的任務(wù)。一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)，高質(zhì)量的專業(yè)聯(lián)邦服務(wù)一直是國(guó)家的驕傲。）人才流失后就會(huì)導(dǎo)致事情沒(méi)人做，做不好，這些發(fā)生之后國(guó)家榮譽(yù)才會(huì)喪失，所以A錯(cuò)誤，答案選B。

第5題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“在私企工作的人薪水很高”；B選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的公務(wù)員離開(kāi)了”；C選項(xiàng)“職業(yè)公務(wù)員是合格的”；D選項(xiàng)“許多素質(zhì)高的人都想在政府工作”。

第三段第一二句：Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers...Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises（職業(yè)公務(wù)員正以驚人的數(shù)量離開(kāi)政府……離開(kāi)政府部門的優(yōu)秀人才正在爭(zhēng)取私營(yíng)企業(yè)的高薪職位）從這里可知很多人離開(kāi)政府部門去私企是因?yàn)楣べY高，所以A、B選項(xiàng)正確，D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，所以答案選D；根據(jù)第二段第一句WhenIworkedforthegovernment;Iworkedwithsomeofthefinest,mostcompetentandmostcommittedpeopleIhaveevermet（我在政府工作的時(shí)候；我和一些我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最優(yōu)秀、最有能力、最忠誠(chéng)的人一起工作）可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

把信息當(dāng)知識(shí)，把知識(shí)當(dāng)智慧。許多人日夜在網(wǎng)上“泡著”，四處收集新聞熱點(diǎn)，說(shuō)起來(lái)滔滔不絕，猶如天下大事盡在心中。可是如果你仔細(xì)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)，認(rèn)真想想，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他嘴里沒(méi)有一句是他的話。他根本沒(méi)有興趣咀嚼和消化那些信息。他只是一個(gè)信息的販賣者，或者是廉價(jià)的傳聲筒。

【答案】Modernpeopletendtoequateinformationwithknowledge,andknowledgewithwisdom.That’swhymanyofthemaremousepotatoes,searchingforhotnewsdayandnight.Theywouldrattleonandononcesuchpeoplestrikeaconversationwithyou,asiftheykneweverythingaboutallmajoreventsintheworldandthesecretary-generalofUNwerealwaysathisbeckandcall!However,ifyoulistenattentivelyandthinkcarefullyyouwillfindtheyarebutparrotsthatonlyrepeatwhatothershavesaidwithoutasinglewordoftheirown.Theyneverbothertochewanddigesttheinformationroundedup.Theyarenomorethanmongersofinformationorcheapmegaphones.

12.單選題

Theextracostoftravellingtoworkis（

）bythelowerpriceofhouseshere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensated

B.mended

C.offset

D.covered

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。compensate“補(bǔ)償”；mend“修改”；offset“抵消，補(bǔ)償”；cover“掩蔽，遮蓋”。句意：這些廉價(jià)的房?jī)r(jià)抵消了那些去遠(yuǎn)處上班的費(fèi)用。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Inherlovetheseais___symbol:tothenarratoritclearlyrepresentseverythingthatisdestructiveinnature,butatothertimesitseemstostandforeverythinginnaturethatisserenelybeautiful.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anenduring

B.anambiguous

C.acoherent

D.adiscrete

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)enduring“持久的；能忍受的”；B選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；C選項(xiàng)coherent“連貫的，一致的；明了的；清晰的；凝聚性的；互相耦合的；粘在一起的；共格的”；D選項(xiàng)discrete“離散的，不連續(xù)的”。句意：在她的愛(ài)中，海是一個(gè)___象征：對(duì)敘述者來(lái)說(shuō)，它清楚地代表了自然界中所有破壞性的東西，但在其他時(shí)候，它似乎代表了自然界中所有寧?kù)o美麗的東西。本句表達(dá)“海是一個(gè)不明確的象征”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Giventhelackoffitbetweengiftedstudentsandtheirschools,itisnotsurprisingthatsuchstudentsoftenhavelittlegoodtosayabouttheirschoolexperience.Inonestudyof400adultswhohadachieveddistinctioninallareasoflife,researchersfoundthatthree-fifthsoftheseindividualseitherdidbadlyinschoolorwereunhappyinschool.FewMacArthurPrizefellows,winnersoftheMacArthurAwardforcreativeaccomplishment,hadgoodthingstosayabouttheirpre-collegiateschoolingiftheyhadnotbeenplacedinadvancedprograms.AnecdotalreportssupportthisPabloPicasso,CharlesDarwin,MarkTwain,OliverGoldsmith,andWilliamButlerYeatsalldislikedschool.SodidWinstonChurchill,whoalmostfailedoutofHarrow,aneliteBritishschool.AboutOliverGoldsmith,oneofhisteachersremarked,“Neverwassodullaboy.”O(jiān)ftenthesechildrenrealizethattheyknowmorethantheirteachers,andtheirteachersoftenfeelthatthesechildrenarearrogant,inattentive,orunmotivated.

Someofthesegiftedpeoplemayhavedonepoorlyinschoolbecausetheirgiftswerenotscholastic.MaybewecanaccountforPicassointhisway.Butmostfaredpoorlyinschoolnotbecausetheylackedabilitybutbecausetheyfoundschoolunchallengingandconsequentlylostinterest.Yeatsdescribedthelackoffitbetweenhismindandschool:“BecauseIhadfounditdifficulttoattendtoanythinglessinterestingthanmyownthoughts,Iwasdifficulttoteach,”Asnotedearlier,giftedchildrenofallkindstendtobestrong-willednonconformists.NonconforinityandstubbornnessarelikelytoleadtoConflictswithteachers.

Whenhighlygiftedstudentsinanydomaintalkaboutwhatwasimportanttothedevelopmentoftheirabilities,theyarefarmorelikelytomentiontheirfamiliesthantheirschoolsorteachers.AwritingprodigystudiedbyDavidFeldmanandLyunGoldsmithwastaughtfarmoreaboutwritingbyhisjournalistfatherthanhisEnglishteacher.High-IQchildren,inAustraliastudiedbyMiracaGrossbadmuchmorepositivefeelingsabouttheirfamiliesthantheirschools.AbouthalfofthemathematiciansstudiedbyBenjaminBloomhadlittlegoodtosayaboutschool.Theyalldidwellinschoolandtookhonorsclasseswhenavailable,andsomeskippedgrades.

1.Themainpointtheauthorismakingaboutschoolsisthat（

）.

2.TheauthorquotestheremarksofoneofOliverGoldsmith’steachers

（

）.

3.PabloPicassoislistedamongthemanygiftedchildrenwho

（

）.

4.Manygiftedpeopleattributedtheirsucces