考研考博-英語-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Themedicine（）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.activated

B.alleviated

C.deteriorated

D.mediated

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這種藥（）他的疼痛，但不能治愈他的疾病。A選項(xiàng)activated觸發(fā)；B選項(xiàng)alleviated減輕，緩解；C選項(xiàng)deteriorated使惡化；D選項(xiàng)mediated調(diào)解。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.翻譯題

金銀玉器是一個總稱，通指對金、銀等金屬材質(zhì)及玉石進(jìn)行鍛煉、雕琢加工而成的佩戴裝飾品或觀賞工藝品。

我國金銀器的制造和使用已有三千多年的歷史。在商代青銅文化聞名于世的同時，就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了金器。從傳世文物上來看，金銀器品種繁多，應(yīng)用廣泛。小到金銀首飾，大到佛塔供器，無不可以發(fā)現(xiàn)金銀器的蹤影。普通人家只是將金銀器用作佩飾可收藏，官宦人家則更用作飲食、生活用具，而宮廷中金銀器的使用則遍及佛事、飲食起居、冠服車馬、陳設(shè)裝飾等各個方面。從中可以想見金銀器對我們傳統(tǒng)文化及日常生活的深刻影響。

玉器是指用玉石手工雕刻琢磨而成，用于佩戴裝飾或陳設(shè)觀賞的藝術(shù)品。早期的玉器多用作禮器，少數(shù)用作佩飾。從良渚、紅山文化遺址中出土的古玉來看，新石器時期的玉器用作祭祀、陪葬的禮器外，還有辟邪的神秘意味，同時還是權(quán)力、財(cái)富和尊貴的象征，用玉的階層也只限于王公貴族。宋代以后，玉器的使用逐漸普及，大量的玉器皿、玉佩飾也進(jìn)入了尋常百姓之家。玉在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中具有特殊的意義，中國也贏得了“玉器之國”的美譽(yù)。

【答案】Gold,silverandjadewaresarethegenericterm,whichusuallyreferstobaldricorornamentalartsandcraftspolishedandcarvedoutofmetalmaterialslikegoldandsilverandjade.

Themanufactureanduseofgoldandsilverwarehasalreadyhadahistoryofmorethan3000yearsinourcountry.Goldwarehasappearedwhilebronzeculturewaswell-knownintheworldintheShangdynasty.Accordingtoculturalrelicshandeddownfromancienttimes,therearemanycategoriesinthegoldandsilverwarethathasbeenappliedinmanyfields.Goldandsilverwarescanbeseenanywhere,rangingfromgoldandsilverjewellerytoBuddhisttowerandworshippingutensils.Goldandsilverwaresaremerelyusedasbaldricthatcanbecollectedinaveragefamily,andtheyarefurtherusedasdietandlifeappliancesinanofficialfamily.Buttheuseofgoldandsilverwaresinthepalaceinvolvesallrespects,suchasBuddhistceremony,dietanddailylife,crownclothingandcoach,furnishingsanddecoration,etc.,fromwhichwecanimaginethattheinfluenceofgoldandsilverwareshasbeenreflectedprofoundlyinourtraditionalcultureanddailylife.

Jadewarereferstotheworkofartmanuallycarvedandpolishedoutofjadeandusedforwearingandornamentationorfurnishingsandappreciation.Mostoftheearlyjadeswereusedasritualvessel,andthenumberofbaldricisverysmall.IntermsofancientjadesunearthedintheLiangzhuandHongshanculturalrelics,apartfrombeingusedasritualvesselsinsacrificialandfuneraryactivities,jadewareintheNeolithicperiodalsohadthemysteriousmeaningofprotectingagainstevilspirits,aswellasasymbolofpower,wealth,anddignity.Furthermore,theuseofjadewaslimitedtoroyaltyandnobility.AftertheSongDynasty,theuseofjadearticlewasmoreandmorepopular,mostofjadewaresorjadeornamentscouldbeseenincommonfamily.JadeisendowedwithaspecialmeaninginthetraditionalChineseculture,andChinahasalsowonagoodreputationof“countryofjade”.

3.單選題

alargepartofhumanactivity,particularlyinrelationtotheenvironment,is_____conditionsorevents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inresponseto

B.infavorof

C.incontrastto

D.inexcessof

【答案】A

【解析】短語辨析。inresponseto響應(yīng)，回答；infavorof有利于，支持，贊同；incontrastto與……形成對照；inexcessof超過。句意：人類活動的很大一部分，特別是與環(huán)境有關(guān)的活動，是對條件或事件的反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Itwouldbe（）toarriveataconclusionnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)premier“首要的；第一的”；B選項(xiàng)premature“早產(chǎn)的；不成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的；預(yù)備的”；D選項(xiàng)prior“先前的；優(yōu)先的”。句意：現(xiàn)在就下結(jié)論會……。在任何時候都可以做出一個決定，如果這項(xiàng)決定沒有深思熟慮過，那么實(shí)施起來就會遇到問題，所以不能夠過早的下定結(jié)論。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Themassive,black,hornedbuffalo,formerlyfoundthroughoutsub-SaharanAfrica,isagregariousanimalofopenorscrub-coveredplainsandopenforests.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rotten

B.sociable

C.wealthy

D.beautiful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：巨大的、黑色的、有角的水牛，原產(chǎn)于非洲撒哈拉以南，是一種群居動物，生活在開闊的或灌木覆蓋的平原和開闊的森林中。gregarious意為“社交的，群居的”。rotten腐爛的，墮落的；sociable好交際的，友善的；wealthy富有的；beautiful美麗的。選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

6.單選題

Theearlypioneershadto（

）manyhardshipstosettleonthenewland.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goalongwith

B.gobackon

C.gothrough

D.gointo

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)goalongwith“贊同，陪同前往，附合”；B選項(xiàng)gobackon“違背，背棄”；C選項(xiàng)gothrough“經(jīng)歷，通過，經(jīng)受”；D選項(xiàng)gointo“進(jìn)入,研究”。根據(jù)句意“為了在新大陸中定居，早期的拓荒者們需要……重重苦難”，C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)歷”正確。

7.單選題

Thosepersonswhosereligious（）heavilyreliedonrituals，suchasinfantbap-

tism,weremorelikelytosupporttheDemocrats.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confession

B.condemnation

C.establishment

D.acknowledgement

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：那些宗教（）極為依賴諸如嬰兒洗禮等儀式的人更可能支持民主黨。A選項(xiàng)confession懺悔，承認(rèn)；B選項(xiàng)condemnation譴責(zé)，定罪；C選項(xiàng)establishment建立；D選項(xiàng)acknowledgement承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)。A選項(xiàng)confession符合句意。

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

他曾在許多著名的美術(shù)家門下學(xué)習(xí)。這些美術(shù)家中的一些渴望描述社會下層居民的生活。

只有通過這些科目考試的人才能擔(dān)任政府官員。

有證據(jù)證明黑猩猩(chimpanzee)過著一種復(fù)雜的社會生活，但具體的細(xì)節(jié)尚不清楚。

人們抱著一夜暴富的心理借錢賭牌。

肥沃的土地和豐富的植物提供了豐富的糧食，維護(hù)了社會的穩(wěn)定。

【答案】Hewasoncelearnedfrommanyfamousartists,someofwhomdesiredtodescribelivesofpeoplefromthelowerclass.

Onlypeoplewhopasstheseexamscanbecomegovernmentofficials.

Evidenceshowsthatchimpanzeesliveacomplexsociallife,butsomespecificdetailsarestillnotclear.

Peopleborrowmoneytogamblewiththethoughtofbecomingrichovernight.

Fertilesoilandabundantplantsprovideusenoughfoodandsustainthesociety'sstability.

9.單選題

Theyhurriedtothetheatre（）thattheplayhadalreadybegun.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.finding

B.justintime

C.onlytofind

D.rightincase

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。主句使用的是一般過去式hurried，而后面的句子使用的是過去完成時hadbegun，兩者之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折。句意：他們匆忙趕到劇院，……戲已經(jīng)開始了。onlytodosth表示“出乎意料的結(jié)果”，故選C。

10.單選題

Thedayispastwhenthecountrycanaffordtogivehighschooldiplomatoallwho（）sixyearsofinstruction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setabout

B.runfor

C.sitthrough

D.makefor

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)setabout“著手，開始做……”，B項(xiàng)runfor“競選，匆匆去取”，C項(xiàng)sitthrough“一直挺到結(jié)束，耐著性子看完”，D項(xiàng)makefor“導(dǎo)致，有助于”。前文提到“國家為所有人提供高中文憑的日子已經(jīng)過去了”，根據(jù)后文的sixyearsofinstruction（6年教育）可推測空格處表示“一直讀完六年結(jié)束”。句意：國家能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起給所有接受了6年教育的人頒發(fā)高中文憑的日子已經(jīng)過去了。因此，該題C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Duringhis10yearsofserviceinTibetheworkedmuchmorethanwhichwasgoodforhishealthandnowheisvirtuallyaninvalid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.yearsofservice

B.thanwhich

C.for

D.virtually

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，than引導(dǎo)的是一個比較狀語從句，表示的是“他工作遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了對他健康有益的范圍/程度”，which是指“哪一個”，在這里應(yīng)該改為what，指“什么”。句意：在西藏服務(wù)的10年里，他的工作遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了對健康有益的范圍，他實(shí)際上是一個殘疾人。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

12.單選題

aroundtheglobemorequicklyandeasily,hasresultedintheremovalofstatecontrolsontradeandinvestments,thedisappearanceoftariffbarriersandthespreadofnewinformationandcommunicationstechnologies.Insocietiesaroundtheworld,theeffectsofglobalizationhaveinfluencedsocialdevelopment.Notonlyaretheinfluencesofglobalizationapparentinmarkets,theirforcesarefeltintheprocessesorworkingtowardsequalitybetweenmenandwomen.RedaBebarsofEgypt,stressingthattheadvancementofwomenwouldnotbeachievedbypassinglegislation,saidthatsocialdevelopmentonthenationalscalemustbestrengthenedandaclimateconducivetodevelopmentmustbecreatedifthegoalssetinBeijing(atthe1995FourthWorldConferenceonWomen)aretoberealized.

Theproblemsstemfromthefactthatwomenareverydifferentlypositionedinrelationtothemarketsindifferentpartsoftheworld.Incertainplaces,wherewomenaresociallyexcludedfromleavingtheirhomes,thechallengeistofindwaysforwomentoparticipate.Inotherplaces,thechallengeistocreatemarketswhicharemorefriendlytowomen’sparticipation.IlhamIbrahimMohamedAhmedofSudancondemnedthedebtburdencarriedbydevelopingcountries,economicsanctions,arbitrarymeasuresanddenialofaccesstonewtechnologicaldevelopmentsasobstaclestothegrowthofwomen’srights.WomenremainverymuchintheminorityamongInternetusersandstillfacehugeimbalancesintheownership,controlandregulationofnewinformationtechnologies.

“Thegainsofglobalizationhavenotbeenequitablydistributedandthegapbetweenrichandpoorcountriesiswidening”，saidZhangLeiofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.

Thegainsofglobalizationthusfarhaveforthemostpartbeenconcentratedinthehandsofbetter-offwomenwithhigherlevelsofeducationandwithgreaterownershipofresourcesandaccesstocapital.

“WorkinChinaandVietnamshowsthatglobalizationhasbroughtnewopportunitiestoyoungwomenwithfamiliaritywithEnglishinnewservicesectorjobs,buthasmadeavastnumberofover-35-year-oldsredundant,becausetheyareeitherindecliningindustriesorhaveoutdatedskills”，SwastiMitteroftheUN’sWomenWatchOnlineWorkingGrouponWomen’sEconomicInequalitysaid.

1.Accordingtotheessay,whatrolehasEnglishplayedduringtheprocessofglobalization?

2.Whatneedstooccurinorderforthegoalsofthefourthwomen’sconferencetoberealized?

3.Wherehavetheprofitsofglobalizationgone?

4.Whatdoesthesentence“...buthasmadeavastnumberofover35-year-oldsredundant...”inthelastparagraphmean?

5.WhatreasondoesthepassagesuggestforthefactthatwomenremaintheminorityofInternetusers?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ithascreatedneweducationopportunities.

B.Ithasspeeduptheprocessofglobalization.

C.Ithasopenednewopportunitiesforyoungwomen.

D.Ithasincreasedthenumberofskilledwomen.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.EnforceLegislationscallingfortheadvancementofwomen.

B.Needtocreateaclimatethatencouragessocialdevelopmentonanationalscale.

C.CreatenewtechnologicalopportunitiesforwomeninChina.

D.AbolisheconomicbarriersbetweenChinaandtheWest.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inrichcountrieswithstricttariffbarriers.

B.InChinaandVietnam.

C.Inthehandsofsmartwomen.

D.Inthehandsofrichermembersofthesociety.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Globalizationhascausedmanyover35-year-oldwomentolosetheirjobs.

B.Over35yearoldwomenarestuckinindustriesthatarenolongerthriving.

C.Thereisagreatneedforover35-year-oldwomenduetotheprocessofglobalization.

D.Therewasababyboom35yearsagoandtherearemany35yearoldwomenworking.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheydonotspeakEnglishwellenough.

B.Theydonotknowhowtousecomputersaswellasmendo.

C.Menremainthemajorityofpeoplewhocontroltheinternetindustry.

D.Itdoesnotapply,becausethisproblemdoesnotexistinChina.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章最后一段WorkinChinaandVietnamshowsthatglobalizationhasbroughtnewopportunitiestoyoungwomenwithfamiliaritywithEnglishinnewservicesectorjobs提到中國和越南的工作表明全球化為那些英語熟練的年輕女性提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第一段RedaBebars說道“要想實(shí)現(xiàn)1995年在北京召開的第四次世界婦女大會的目標(biāo)，必須加強(qiáng)全國范圍的社會發(fā)展并且還必須創(chuàng)造一個有利于發(fā)展的社會環(huán)境?！保╯ocialdevelopmentonthenationalscalemustbestrengthenedandaclimateconducivetodevelopmentmustbecreatedifthegoalssetinBeijing(atthe1995FourthWorldConferenceonWomen)aretoberealized），選項(xiàng)B與之描述一致，符合題意。

3.文章第三段Thegainsofglobalizationhavenotbeenequitablydistributedandthegapbetweenrichandpoorcountriesiswidening”以及第四段的內(nèi)容“Thegainsofglobalizationthusfarhaveforthemostpartbeenconcentratedinthehandsofbetter-offwomenwithhigherlevelsofeducationandwithgreaterownershipofresourcesandaccesstocapital.”可知選項(xiàng)D“全球化的收益掌握在了社會上那些更加富裕的人的手里”符合題意。

4.文章提到全球化為會英語的年輕女性提供了更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會，但是與之不同的是，35歲以上的女性卻失去了工作機(jī)會，選項(xiàng)A“全球化使得許多35歲以上的婦女失去了工作”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章第二段最后一句話WomenremainverymuchintheminorityamongInternetusersandstillfacehugeimbalancesintheownership,controlandregulationofnewinformationtechnologies提到女性在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶中只是少數(shù)并且依然在新信息技術(shù)的掌握、控制和管理方面面臨著絕大的不公正。選項(xiàng)C的描述與之相近，符合題意。

13.單選題

Thenews,thoughnotwhollybad,wasso______thatIcouldnolongerconcentrateonmywork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbing

B.disastrous

C.anxious

D.regretful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.disturbing令人不安的，煩擾的B.disastrous災(zāi)難性的，損失慘重的

C.anxious焦慮的，擔(dān)憂的D.regretful后悔的，遺憾的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的意思“無法再專心工作”可知，這個news是令人煩擾的，故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句子意思。

【句意】這消息雖然不全是壞消息，但卻使我心煩意亂，無法再專心工作。

14.單選題

Earthquakesarethemostlethalofallnaturaldisasters.Whatcausesthem?Geologistsexplainthemintermsofatheoryknownasplatestectonics.Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.Aboutsixtymilesbelowthesurfaceofthesea,thereisasemi-moltenbedofrockoverwhichplates,orslabs,carrycontinentsandseafloorsatarateofseveralinchesayear.Astheplatesseparatefromeachother,anewseafloorisformedbythemoltenmatterthatwasformerlybeneath.Volcanicislandsandlargemountainrangesarecreatedbythistypeofmovement.ThecollisionofplatecausesgeographicalinstabilitysuchasthatinCaliforniacalledtheSanAndreasFaultlocatedbetweenthePacificandNorthAmericaplates.Theplatesthereareconstantlypushingandpullingadjacentplates,therebycreatingtremorsandapotentialforearthquakesinthearea.

Geologistswouldliketobeabletopredictearthquakesaccurately.Usinglaserbeams,seismographs,gravity-measuringdevices,andradiotelescopes,theyarepresentlystudyingtheSanAndreaFaulttodeterminetherateofstainandtheamountofgroundslippage.Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.

Inspiteofthegeologiststheoryofplatetectonics,therearestillgapsinman’sunderstandingandknowledgeofthecausesofearthquakes.Powerfulearthquakeshaveoccurredinplaceswhereplateboundariesarehundredsofmilesaway.Inthe1800s,NewMadrid,MissouriandCharleston,SouthCarolina,wereshakenbyearthquakesthatnoonehadforeseen.

Certainareasoftheworldarequakeprone,Italy,Yugoslavia,andAlgeriahaveexperiencedmanyquakes.InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.ChinaandJapanhavealsohitbyhorrendous(terrible)quakes.In1923,TokyoandYokohamawerereducedtorubblebygigantictremorsthatwerefollowedbyfires,tornadoes,andfinallyathirly-four-foottsunami,ortidalwave,whichwascausedbytheEarth’sdropintothewatersofTokyoBay.Morethan150,000peoplediedinthatearthquake.

Whateffectshavegeologistspredictionsofearthquakehad?TheChineseinHaichengin1974werewarnedthatanearthquakemightoccurwithinthenextyearortwo.Withthehelpofamateurseismologistsobservationsofanimalbehaviorandtheriseandfallofwaterinwellsandmeasurementsofradioactivegasinwater,professionalgeologistswereable,inJanuary1975,topredictanearthquakewithinthenextsixmonths.OnFebruary4,Haichengwasdestroyed,butbecauseitsresidentshadbeenevacuated,veryfewpeoplewerekilled.InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.

1.Continentaldriftistheconceptthat（

）.

2.Ifpredictionsarecorrect,California（

）.

3.Californiansarepreparingforanearthquakeby（

）.

4.Napleswas（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.continentsaredrawingnearertoeachother

B.continentsareseparating

C.continentsare60milesapartfromeachother

D.newcontinentsaredevelopingbeneaththesea

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Willbestruckbyanearthquakeinthenexttenyears

B.Willbesavedfromearthquakewithintenyears

C.IsunstableasaresultoftheSanAndreasFault.

D.Hasnothingtofear

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Savingtheirproperty

B.Buildingstrongerhousesandpracticingtechniquestohandleemergencies

C.IgnoringtheSunAndreasFault

D.movingtoanotherstate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.notdamagedmuchbyanearthquake

B.struckbyahorrendousearthquake

C.struckbyanearthquakealongtimeage

D.preparedforanearthquake

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.BuildingcodesinCalifornia

B.ObservationofanimalbehaviorinChina

C.Causeandpredictionofearthquake

D.Devastatingearthquakes

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘大陸漂移說是怎樣一個概念？’根據(jù)文章第—段第四句“Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.“大陸之間是相互分離的，這被稱為大陸漂移?！?，所以B選項(xiàng)“大陸是分離開的”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘如果預(yù)言是正確的，加利福尼亞會怎樣？’根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.計(jì)算表明，在未來10年內(nèi)的某個時候，加利福尼亞將遭受一次大地震的襲擊?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“將在接下來的10年內(nèi)受到地震的打擊”正確；根據(jù)文章最后一段“Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.如果對未來十年地震的預(yù)測是準(zhǔn)確的，許多加州人也許能夠挽救他們的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)?！?，確定B選項(xiàng)“可以使它在接下來的10年內(nèi)免遭地震”錯誤；C選項(xiàng)“由于圣安徳烈亞斯斷層它會不穩(wěn)定”和D選項(xiàng)“沒有什么需要害怕的”文中沒有提及，排除；所以A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘加利福尼亞人為了應(yīng)對地震正在做什么準(zhǔn)備？’根據(jù)文中最后一段最后一句“InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.在加州，地震是一種無處不在的威脅，建筑規(guī)范現(xiàn)在要求防震結(jié)構(gòu)，民防部隊(duì)已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)了如何應(yīng)對地震襲擊的訓(xùn)練，或者更準(zhǔn)確地說，當(dāng)?shù)卣鹨u擊時如何應(yīng)對?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“建造更堅(jiān)固的房子和練習(xí)處理緊急事件的技巧”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘那不勒斯是怎樣的？’根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.1980年11月，那不勒斯發(fā)生了一場毀滅性的地震?！?，確定B選項(xiàng)“遭受了可怕的地震”正確。

5.主旨大意題。題干詢問‘這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是…？’文章一直圍繞著地震發(fā)生的原因和預(yù)測這個話題展開描述的，所以C選項(xiàng)“地震發(fā)生的原因和預(yù)測”正確；文章只是說加州為了應(yīng)對地震采取了建筑法規(guī)等措施，所以A選項(xiàng)“加利福尼亞的建筑法規(guī)”錯誤；B選項(xiàng)“中國對于動物行為的觀察”，屬于文章的一部分細(xì)節(jié)信息描述，不是主主旨題，所以不正確；文中只是舉例了一些毀滅性的地震，但這個不是文章主題，所以選項(xiàng)D“毀滅性的地震”不正確；C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

15.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（）off.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.separated

D.screened

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免,躲避”;excluded“排除,驅(qū)逐”;separated“分開,隔開”;screen“篩,過濾,屏蔽”。句意:來自外太空的各種宇宙射線透過大氣層到達(dá)地球,但是太陽所發(fā)出的大量輻射都被過濾掉了。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

16.單選題

Youcannotexpectpeopletoworkhardunlessyougivethemsomekindof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fascination

B.incentive

C.provocation

D.temptation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。fascination意為“魅力，著迷”；incentive意為“激勵，刺激，鼓勵”；provocation意為“挑釁，挑撥”；temptation意為“誘惑，引誘”。

句意：你不能指望人們努力工作，除非你給他們一些激勵。

17.單選題

AgroupoflabourMPs,amongthemYvetteCooper,arebringinginthenewyearwithacalltoinstituteaUK"townofculture"award.Theproposalisthatitshouldsitalongsidetheexistingcityofculturetitle,whichwasheldbyHullin2017andhasbeenawardedtoCoventryfor2021.CooperandhercolleaguesarguethatthesuccessofthecrownforHull,whereitbroughtin￡220mofinvestmentandanavalancheofarts,oughtnottobeconfinedtocities.Britain'stowns,itistrue,arenotpreventedfromapplying,buttheygenerallylacktheresourcestoputtogetherabidtobeattheirbiggercompetitors.Atownofcultureawardcould,itisargued,becomeanannualevent,attractingfundingandcreatingjobs.

SomemightseetheproposalasaboobyprizeforthefactthatBritainisnolongerabletoapplyforthemuchmoreprestigioustitleofEuropeancapitalofculture,asought-afterawardbaggedbyGlasgowin1990andLiverpoolin2008.AcynicmightspeculatethattheUKisonthevergeofdisappearingintoanendlessfeverofself-celebrationinitsdesperationtoreinventitselfforthepost-Brexitworld:aftertownofculture,whoknowswhatwillfollow—villageofculture?Suburbofculture?Hamletofculture?

Itisalsowisetorecallthatsuchtitlesarenotacure-all.Abadlyrun"yearofculture"washesinandoutofaplacelikethetide,bringingprominenceforaspellbutleavingnolastingbenefitstothecommunity.Thereallysuccessfulholdersofsuchtitlesarethosethatdoagreatdealmorethanfillhotelbedroomsandbringinhigh-profileartseventsandgoodpressforayear.Theytransformtheaspirationsofthepeoplewholivethere;theynudgetheself-imageofthecityintoabolderandmoreoptimisticlight.Itishardtogetright,andrequiresaremarkabledegreeofvision,aswellascooperationbetweencityauthorities,theprivatesector,communitygroupsandculturalorganizations.Butitcanbedone:Glasgow'syearasEuropeancapitalofaculturecancertainlybeseenasoneofacomplexseriesoffactorsthathaveturnedthecityintothepowerhouseofart,musicandtheatrethatitremainstoday.

A“townofculture"couldbenotjustabouttheartsbutabouthonoringatown’speculiarities—helpingsustainitshighstreet,supportinglocalfacilitiesandaboveallcelebratingitspeople.JeremyWright,theculturesecretary,shouldwelcomethispositive,hope-filledproposal,andturnitintoaction.

1.Copperandhercolleaguearguethata"townofculture"awardwould（

）.

2.Accordingtoparagraph2,theproposalmightberegardedbysomeas（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatatitleholderissuccessfulonlyifit（

）.

4.“Glasgow”ismentionedinParagraph3topresent（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheproposal?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consolidatethetowncitytiesinBritain

B.promotecooperationamongBrain'stowns

C.increasetheeconomicstrengthofBrain'stowns

D.focusBrain'slimitedresourcesonculturalevents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.asensiblecompromise

B.aself-deceivingattempt

C.aneye-catchingbonus

D.aninaccessibletarget

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.endeavortomaintainitsimage

B.meetstheaspirationofitspeople

C.bringsitslocalartstoprominence

D.commitstoitslong-termgrowth

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acontrastingcase

B.asupportingexample

C.abackgroundstory

D.arelatedtopic

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Skeptical

B.Objective

C.Favorable

D.Critical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問庫珀和她的同事們認(rèn)為“文化之城”這一獎項(xiàng)可能會怎樣，可以定位在第一段第三句：“赫爾之冠”的成功并不局限于城市，它為赫爾帶來了2.2億歐元的投資和大量藝術(shù)作品。英國的城鎮(zhèn)，確實(shí)沒有被阻止申請，但他們通常缺乏資源來湊齊一點(diǎn)來擊敗他們更大的競爭對手。有人認(rèn)為，“文化之城”獎可以成為一項(xiàng)年度活動，吸引資金并創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會。所以能看出答案是C.增強(qiáng)英國城鎮(zhèn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力。

2.推斷題。題干問：根據(jù)第二段，這一提議或許會被一些人認(rèn)為是___?？梢远ㄎ辉诘诙蔚谝痪洹癝omemightseetheproposalasaboobyprizeforthefactthat”“有些人可能會把這個提議看作是一個噓聲，因?yàn)橛呀?jīng)不能再申請更有聲望的歐洲文化之都的稱號了”，能看出來有些人是持反面態(tài)度的。很多人不認(rèn)識boo，但是也能從后面的onthevergeofdisappearingintoanendlessfeverofself-celebration

initsdesperationtoreinventitselffor，在絕望地為英國退歐后的世界重塑形象之際，英國即將消失在一場無休止的自我慶祝熱潮之中。接下來幾個反問句，能看出來是一種自我欺騙的嘗試，所以選擇B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問：作者認(rèn)為這個頭銜的持有者是成功的只要他……可以定位到第三段第三、四句：這些頭銜真正成功的持有者，是那些除了為酒店帶來收入、帶來引人注目的藝術(shù)活動和一年的良好報(bào)道之外，還做了很多事情的人。他們轉(zhuǎn)變了當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦脑竿?；他們將城市的自我形象推向更大膽、更樂觀的一面。所以能看出只要他致力于鄉(xiāng)村的長期發(fā)展中，這個頭銜就會是成功的。

4.寫作目的題。題干說：第3段提到格拉斯哥是為了展現(xiàn)什么?？梢远ㄎ坏降谌蔚箶?shù)第一句?？梢钥吹角懊嬗忻黠@的But，知道和前面的意思相反?！斑@個問題很難解決，需要高度的遠(yuǎn)見卓識，也需要城市當(dāng)局、私營部門、社區(qū)團(tuán)體和文化組織之間的合作。但這是可以做到的：格拉斯哥作為歐洲文化之都的一年，可以被看作是一系列復(fù)雜的因素之一，這些因素把這座城市變成了藝術(shù)、音樂和戲劇的力量，直到今天?！?/p>

5.作者態(tài)度題，問作者對于這個建議的態(tài)度。第一段是提出該建議，第二段是一些人認(rèn)為這個建議有點(diǎn)吹噓，而只有最后一段能看出作者對此建議的態(tài)度：一個“文化之城”不僅僅是藝術(shù)之城，而且要尊重一個城市的特色——幫助維持它的商業(yè)街，支持當(dāng)?shù)氐脑O(shè)施，最重要的是贊美它的人民，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為行動。所以能看出是積極贊成的態(tài)度。

18.單選題

In1923theinnovativeRussianfilmmakerDzigaVertovdescribedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld.”Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.Yetfilmsonarthavenothadapowerfulandpervasiveeffectonthewaywesee.

Publicationsonartflourish,butthesebooksandarticlesdonotnecessarilysucceedinteachingustoseemoredeeplyormoreclearly.Muchwritinginarthistoryadvancesthediscourseinthefieldbutisunlikelytoinformtheeyeofoneunfamiliarwithitspolemics.Films,however,withtheircapacitytopresentmaterialvisuallyandtoreachabroaderaudience,havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracy(theabilitytoidentifythedetailsthatcharacterizeaparticularstyle)moreeffectivelythanpublicationscan.Unfortunately,fewofthehundredorsofilmsonartthataremadeeachyearintheUnitedStatesarebroadcastnationallyonprime-timetelevision.

Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.Someoftheseshortcomingscanbeattributedtothefailureofarthistoriansandfilmmakerstocollaboratecloselyenoughwhenmakingfilmsonart.Theseprofessionalsareable,withintheirrespectivedisciplines,toincreaseourawarenessofvisualforms.Forclosecollaborationtooccur,professionalsineachdisciplineneedtorecognizethatfilmsonartcanbebotheducationalandentertaining,butthiswillrequirecompromiseonbothsides.Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.Filmmakersneedtoresisttheimpulsetomovethecameraquicklyfromdetailtodetailforfearofboringtheviewer,toframetheimageforthesakeofdramaalone,toadmusicforfearofsilence.Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentrationand,atthesametime,areconcernedthatitmaynotbecompellingenough-andsotheyhopetoprovidereliefbyinterposing“real”scenesthatbearonlyatangentialrelationshiptothesubject.Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords,butalsobydirectingtheviewer’sgaze.Thespecializedwrittenlanguageofarthistoryneedstoberelinquishedoratleasttemperedforthescreen.Onlyaneffectivecollaborationbetweenfilmmakersandarthistorianscancreatefilmsthatwillenhanceviewers’perceptionsofart.

1.Thepassagesuggeststhatafilmmakerdesiringtoenhanceviewers’perceptionsofartshoulddowhichofthefollowing?

2.TheauthorofthepassagereferstoVertovinthefirstparagraphmostprobablyinorderto

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

4.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

5.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfilmandvisualliteracy?

6.Accordingtothepassage,arthistoriansdesiringtoworkwithfilmmakerstoenhancethepublic’sappreciationofartneedtoacknowledgewhichofthefollowing?

7.Whichofthefollowingwoulddescribetheauthor’smostlikelyreactiontoaclaimthatfilmsonartwouldmoresuccessfullypromotevisualliteracyiftheyfollowedthestandardssetforrockvideos?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Relyonthepreciselanguageofarthistorywhendevelopingscriptsforfilmsonart.

B.Relyondramaticnarrativeandmusictosetafilm’stoneandstyle.

C.Recognizethataworkofartbyitselfcanbecompellingenoughtoholdaviewer’sattention.

D.Dependmorestronglyonnarrationinsteadofcameramovementstoguidetheviewer’sgaze.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.provideanexampleofhowfilmscanbeusedtoinfluenceperceptions

B.presentevidencetosupporttheargumentthatfilmshavebeenusedsuccessfullytoinfluenceviewers’perceptions

C.introducethenotionthatfilmcaninfluencehowviewerssee

D.contrastatraditionalviewoftheusesoffilm