全國(guó)卷2019年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺模擬試卷4含答案解析

（全國(guó)卷）2019年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺模擬試卷4第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMaybeyouthinktherearemanyreasonswhyyouareoverweighed?Recentresearchcomparethesedentary（久坐的）behaviortosmoking,warningitcouldreduceyearsfromyourlifespan.Now,researchersattheUniversityofTexas,haveaddedtheirweighttotheargument.Theyfoundstandingforuptosixhoursaday,cancutfatlevelsbyathird.Beingupright,ratherthanslumped(消沉)atyourdesk,infrontoftheTVoronthetraintowork,foronequarterofthedayislinkedtoa32percentdecreaseinthechanceofbecomingobese（肥胖的）.Theyfoundthatamongmen,standingaquarterofthetimewaslinkedtoa32percentreducedlikelihoodofobesity(bodyfatpercentage).Standinghalfthetimewasassociatedwitha59percentreducedlikelihoodofobesity.Butstandingmorethanthree-quartersofthetimewasnotassociatedwithalowerriskofobesity.Inwomen,standingaquarter,half,andthreequartersofthetimewasassociatedwith35percent,47percent,and57percentrespectivereductionsinthelikelihoodofwaistsize.TheUSscientistslookedatthestandinghabitsofmorethan7,000adultsandcomparedtheirbodymassindex(BMI),bodyfatpercentageandwaistsize.21.Accordingtothepassage,standingupsixhoursadaycould_______.A.makeyouoverweighed.B.evenworsethansmokingC.reduceyearsofyourlifespan.D.cutyourfatlevels【答案】：D22.SlumpingatadeskorinfromofaTVisverylikelyto________.A.reducelikelihoodofobesity.C.increasethechanceofbecomingobese【答案】：CB.reducethebodyfatpercentage.D.makesnodifferencetoone’sweight23.Whatmightbethemainideaofthepassage?A.Standingisagoodwaytoloseweight.C.Areyousufferingfromobesity?【答案】：AB.Womenhasalongerlifespan.D.Smokingdomoreharmtobody.【解析】：本文考查對(duì)文章大意的把握。從第一段從后一句可知，文章主要在講站立對(duì)減肥的作用。BManypeoplethinkthatsqueezinginbreakfastbeforeworkisafeat（技藝）initself.However,researchfromtheWorldEconomicForumstatesthatsuccessfulpeoplemakethemostoftheirmornings.Theyhavereleasedalistof14thingsthatsuccessfulpeopledointhemorningsbeforethefirstmealoftheday.Itincludesexercising,spendingqualitytimewiththefamily,networkingovercoffeeandworkingonapersonal-passionproject.TheWEFstates:"Thoseamonguswhohavemanagedtofindprofessionalsuccessandmaintainalifeactivelyembracethisphilosophy.Theymustsetasidetheirfirsthoursofthedaytoinvestintheirtop-priorityactivitiesbeforeotherpeople’sprioritiescomerushingin.”Thisisbackedupbyscience-LauraVanderkam,atime-managementexpertandtheauthorof“WhattheMostSuccessfulPeopleDoBeforeBreakfast",citesthefamousfindingofRoyBaumeister,aFloridaStateUniversitypsychologyprofessor,thatwillpowerislikeamusclethatbecomesexhaustedfromoveruse.Dietsareeasytokeepupwithduringtheday,forexample,butoftenfallflatintheeveningwhenourbodiesandwillpowergettired.However,restassuredthatyoudon'thavetodoall14everydaybeforeyoufinishyourbreakfast-justaselection.TheWEFsays:"Whiletheymightnotdoallofthesethingseverymorning,eachhasbeenfoundtobeaneffectivewaytostarttheday."24.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,_______.A.successfulpeoplemakethebestoftheirmorningsB.manypeoplespendlotsoftimeonbreakfastC.successfulpeoplespendlotsoftimeonbreakfast.D.manypeoplecanmakethebestoftheirmornings.【答案】：A【解析】：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文“theWorldEconomicForumstatesthatsuccessfulpeoplemakethemostoftheirmornings.”可知，成功人士可充分利用早上的時(shí)間。25.Whichofthefollowingisnotasuccessfulmanusuallydointhemorning?A.spendingqualitytimewiththefamilyC.squeezinginbreakfastbeforework【答案】：CB.networkingovercoffee.D.workingonapersonal-passionproject.26.Theciting(引用)ofthewordsfromRoyBaumeisterisinorderto________.A.backuptheideasgivenbeforeB.showdifferentideasfromtheonegivenbeforeC.showtheformerideasarewrongD.showthereasonswhyRoyBaumeisterdoesn’tagree【答案】：A【解析】：本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題“Thisisbackedupbyscience。。。.”可知。引用的目的是為了支撐之前文章提出的觀點(diǎn)。27.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat_______,A.Ourbodiesandwillpoweroftengettiredintheevening.B.Wehavetodoallthe14thingseverydayC.Doingallthe14thingsiseffectivetostarttheday.D.Breakfastinthemorningisjustaselection.【答案】：A【解析】：從文章最后一段第一句“Dietsareeasytokeepupwithduringtheday,forexample,butoftenfallflatintheeveningwhenourbodiesandwillpowergettired..”可知，我們的身體和意志力在晚上會(huì)開(kāi)始疲憊。CIfyoureadonemorearticleonhappinessintheworkplace,you'regoingtoloseit.Foryou,it'sdifferent.Youneedtocontinueinyourcurrentjobbecauseyourspouseisstillinschool,you'rebuildingtheskillsyouneedtomovetothenextlevel,oryouwanttomakeadentinthatmountainousstudentloandebt.Eventually,you'llstartsearchingforajobyoulove—butrightnow,you'restuck.Fornow,gettingthrougheachdayisabattle:workthatisn'tinteresting,co-workerswhomakeyoucrazy,abosswhodoesn'tseemtohaveacluehowtomanagepeople.Allthisadviceaboutbeinghappyatworkseemslikeabigfatpileofbullhockeythatsimplydoesn'tapplytoyou.Ifso,Ihavesomegoodnews.Yes,happinessisoneformoflifesatisfaction—butfindingmeaningisanother.Sometimes,weassumethatfindingmeaningisallaboutsavingtheworld,feedingthehungry,orhousingthehomeless.Butit'snotlimitedtothat.PsychologistToddHalldefinesmeaningfulworkas"workthatcontributestothewell-beingofothersinawaythatuniquelyexpressesanddefineswhoweare."Herearesomewaystofindthatmeaninginyourwork—evenifyouthinkyourjobisasoul-suckingblackholeofboredom.Nomatteryoursituation,you'reatyourcurrentjobforareason.Maybeyouneedtheincometosaveforahouseforyourgrowingfamily,ormaybethere'sanillnessinyourfamilyandyouabsolutelymusthavethemedicalcoveragethatjobprovides.Andthere'sbeautyinthat:Thatmeanswhileyou'reatwork,you'recontributingtothewell-beingofothers.Yourcommitmenttoaccomplishingthosefinancialgoals,supportingyourfamily,orenablingthatmedicalcareisvitaltoyourlifeandthelivesofthepeopleyoucareabout.28.Thereasonwhyyoushouldcontinueinyourcurrentjobis_______.A.yourspouseisstillinschoolB.you'rebuildingtheskillsyouneedtomovetothenextlevelC.youwanttomakeadentinthatmountainousstudentloandebt.D.becauseofalltheabovereasons.【答案】：D29.Whygettingthroughadayislikeabattleforyou?A.Yourbossisgoodatmanagingpeople.C.Theworkyouaredoingisboring.【答案】：CB.Youaremakingyourco-workerscrazy.D.Thedayistoolongforyou.30.Whichofthefollowingisnotthemeaningofwork?A.Tofeedthepeoplewhoarehungry.C.Tocontributetothewell-beingofothers【答案】：DB.Toprovidehouseforthehomeless.D.Toexpressanddefinewhatworkis【解析】：本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題“inawaythatuniquelyexpressesanddefineswhoweare.”可知。表達(dá)和定義的是我們自己，而非工作。31.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_______.A.YouneedtocontinueyourcurrentjobB.FindingthemeaningofyourworkC.Doingallthe14thingsiseffectivetostarttheday.D.Expressuniquelywhoyouare【答案】：B【解析】：本題考查對(duì)整篇文章的理解和把握。全文都在講述工作的意義。DNexttimeyou'relookingforajob,itmightbeworthcheckingthegenderofthechiefexecutive'schildren.ResearchhasfoundthathavingadaughtersignificantlyimpactshowCEOsruntheircompanies.Inparticular,CEOswithdaughtersaremorelikelytoofferchildcare,letemployeesworkflexiblehoursandhaveamorediverseworkforce.Ifthemaindecisionmakerhasafemalechild,thecompanyisalsogenerallynicertoemployees-andthiseffectisevengreaterifthedaughteristheCEO'sfirst-bornchild.Tostudytheimpactofachild'sgenderonachiefexecutive'spolicies,ProfessorHenrikCronqvistfromtheUniversityofMiamiandAssociateProfessorFrankYu,fromChinaEuropeInternationalBusinessSchoolstudiedthedecisionsmadebyalmost400CEOs.Almost4percentoftheseexecutiveswerewomen,andbetweenthemthegrouphadatotalof1,000children.Interestinglyenough,havingasondoesn'thavethesameresultsmentionedaboveandfirmsthatchangefromachiefexecutivewhohasadaughtertoonewhodoesn'tseeanoticeablefall-offinthesetypesofCSR-relatedinitiatives.32.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthat_______.A.theageofacompany’sCEOshouldbecheckedwhenyoulookforajobB.thegenderofacompany’sCEOmightbeimportantinjobhuntingC.CEOswithdaughtersareunlikelytoofferchildcare..D.youcouldexpectflexiblehoursfromaCEOwithason.【答案】：B33.Accordingtothepassage,itistruethat_______,A.CEOswithadaughteraremorelikelytohaveadiverseworkforceB.decisionmakerswithamalechildarenicertotheirstaff.C.CEOswithasonhavethesameresultswithCEOswithadaughter.D.Theeffectisgreaterifthedaughteristheonlychildinthefamily.【答案】：A【解析】：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題“Inparticular,CEOswithdaughtersaremorelikelytoofferchildcare,letemployeesworkflexiblehoursandhaveamorediverseworkforce..”可知。34.Thefactthathavingasondoesn'thavethesameresultsmentionedaboveis______.A.ridiculousB.unfortunateC.interestingD.unacceptable【答案】：C【解析】：本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題“Interestinglyenough,havingasondoesn'thavethesameresultsmentionedabove”可知作者認(rèn)為這種現(xiàn)象十分有趣。35.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_______.A.CEOswithonlyonechildC.HuntforajobB.MaketherightdecisionD.FindyourrightCEO【答案】：D第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。____36___.Somepeopleaimforit;othersjusttalkaboutit.Weallknowwhatitlookslikewhensomeoneelsehasit.Oftentimesitjustseemslikesomethingtoofaroutofreach.__37____.It'sjustontheothersideyouhavetowantitenough,andbewillingenoughtogetit.Fearisyourbiggestobstaclefearoffailure,fearofthejudgmentofothers;fearofactuallysucceeding.Itwilltripyouupeverytime.Itwillcauseyoutomakedecisionsthatmayseem“right”atthetime,38.Successhasnoexcuses.Youeithergetitoryoudon't.Theminuteyoufindareasonnottotakeanothersteptowardssuccessisthemomentyoustopbeingsuccessful.Inthesymphonyofsuccess,excusesarejustnoise.Everyonefaceschanges;_39_____.Weallhandlethesamechallengesdifferently;weallhavedifferentresults.It'showyouhandleeachoneandwhatyoudowiththeresultsthatcount.Anobstacleissomethingyoueitherfindawayaroundorallowtostopyou.Remember,___40____.A.Butthey'repreventingyoufromactuallygettingoverthatwallB.You'vegottogetpassedobstaclesinordertosucceedC.TryyourbesttofindyourownsuccessD.Thetruthtosuccessiscloserthanyouthink.E.Differentonesatdifferenttimes.F.EverybodywantssuccessG.Failurecomesbeforesuccess【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文對(duì)成功以及阻礙成功的因素進(jìn)行了探討。36.【解析】根據(jù)整篇文章大意，是在談?wù)摮晒Φ脑掝}。【答案】F37【解析】根據(jù)下一句“It'sjustontheothersideyouhavetowantitenough”可推斷前面一句講的是“成功比你想象的要更簡(jiǎn)單，更近?！薄敬鸢浮緿38.【解析】根據(jù)上一句“Itwillcauseyoutomakedecisionsthatmayseem“right”atthetime”說(shuō)明恐懼只是在阻礙你戰(zhàn)勝困難。?！敬鸢浮緼第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45）第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therearemanydifferencesintheteachingfieldifyoutakea41lookatit.Manyyearsago,whenstudentswerehavingclass,theteaching42isnotvarious,teachersonlywrotedownthewordsonthe43,ifthestudentswanttohearsomeexamples,theteacherscouldsayinword,lettingthestudents44.Butnow,asthetechnologydevelops,mostclassroomsare45withmulti-media,therearemanyadvantages.Withthemulti-mediaintheclass,itcan46students’interests.Unlikethe_47__teachingmethod,studentsonlywatchtheblackboardorjust48totheteachers,multi-mediaprovidesstudents49videoandmovingpictures,theywon’tfeel50orsleepy,51helpsthestudentsbetterlistentotheclass.Second,astheclassbecomes52,studentswilllearnwithhappy53,multi-mediamakestheclassroommorefun,whichmightbeasignificant54inmotivatingthestudents.55,byusingdifferentequipments,teacherscancartertothestudentswithdifferentteachingstyle.Sometimes56thesameteachingmethodisnotgoodforallstudents,57studentsneeddifferentwaytolearn.Multi-mediaisdevelopingfastnow,58inthesmallvillage,theschoolisusingit.Usingdifferentequipmenttoteachstudentisagoodwayto59teachingmethod.Multi-mediawill60inalltheclass.41.A.closeB.closelyC.closerD.moreclosely【答案】：A【解析】：短語(yǔ)搭配takeacloselookatsth.密切關(guān)注某事42.A.customerB.herbC.methodD.item43.A.tableB.platformC.blackboardD.ruler【答案】：C【解析】：常識(shí)題。很明顯，教學(xué)寫(xiě)的對(duì)象肯定是“黑板”。44.A.describeB.leapC.mistakenD.imagine【答案】：D【解析】：根據(jù)上下文，老師用語(yǔ)言說(shuō)，學(xué)生發(fā)揮“想象”。45.A.equippedB.measuredC.limitedD.arranged【答案】：A【解析】：equipv.裝備，添加設(shè)備beequippedwith…給...添加設(shè)備46.A.memorizeB.supplyC.enhanceD.appreciate【答案】：C【解析】：enhancev.提高，提升。多媒體的使用對(duì)“提升”學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣很有幫助。47.A.deliciousB.attractiveC.traditionalD.modern【答案】：C【解析】：traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的根據(jù)下文學(xué)生們只能看黑板說(shuō)明是傳統(tǒng)教57.A.suddenB.vividC.differentD.perfect58.A.stillB.evenC.everD.owe【答案】：B【解析】：even甚至根據(jù)下文可知，多媒體發(fā)展迅速，甚至延伸到了農(nóng)村。59.A.fearB.moveC.improveD.celebrate【答案】：C【解析】：improvev.改進(jìn)，提升；多媒體是提升教學(xué)方法的重要手段。60.A.appearB.vanishC.fightD.divorce【答案】：A【解析】：appearv.出現(xiàn)；可以預(yù)見(jiàn)，在將來(lái)，多媒體會(huì)出現(xiàn)在所有教室。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Weallhave61(encounter)withthetoughchoice62weshouldborrowmoneytoothersornot.63(borrow)moneyisasensitiveissue,somefriendsbecome____64__(strange)becauseofborrowingmoney.Theproblem65borrowingmoneytoothersisthatlessthemwillreturnortheywillnotreturnintime.As66me,Iwillmeasurethefriends,toseeifthey’reworthto67(trust).ForthosefriendswhomIgetsofamiliarwith,Iwillborrowmoney68themwithouthesitation.Somefriendssuchastheoneswhogrowupwithmefrommychildhood,Itrustthemtotally.Wegetsofamiliarwitheachother,knowingeachothersowell,sothereisnodoubt69theywillreturnmymoney.Theyaretherealfriends,theysharehappinessand_70__(sorry)withme,sotheyworthtobetrusted.56.__________57.__________58.__________59.__________60.__________61.__________62.__________63.__________64.__________65.______61.【答案】：encountered【解析】：encounterv.遇到邂逅；完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)have/has+done62.【答案】：whether【解析】：句型結(jié)構(gòu)whether…ornot“是否。。?！?3.【答案】：borrowing【解析】：本題考查基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法，動(dòng)名詞做句子主語(yǔ)。64.【答案】：strangers【解析】：strangeradj.奇怪的，陌生的；strangern.陌生人65.【答案】：of【解析】：借錢給別人“的”問(wèn)題，本題考查名詞所有格。68.【答案】：to【解析】：本題考查固定短語(yǔ)的介詞搭配問(wèn)題。borrowsth.tosb.將某物借給某人69.【答案】：that【解析】：本題考查對(duì)常見(jiàn)句式的把握。Thereisnodoubtthat…毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的是。。。70.【答案】：sorrow【解析】：本題考查對(duì)各種詞性的掌握。sorryadj.抱歉的sorrown.悲傷，歉意第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（Λ），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第l1處起）不計(jì)分。TodayIwillliketosharewithyouoneofmypastexperiences.ButIgotohighschool,Ihavetowalkaveryfardistance;italwayscostsmehalfanhourtoreachtotheschool.Myfatherboughtmeabikeatlastweek;hesaiditwouldsa