高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)定語從句引導(dǎo)詞選擇有技巧

5/55/55/5定語從句引導(dǎo)詞選擇有技巧：定語從句引導(dǎo)詞選擇的影響因素：先行詞類型及先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧布磸木渲腥鄙俚某煞帧秤绊懸龑?dǎo)詞的選擇。例1〕、Ioncelivedinahouse_______hadaredroof.答案:that/which.從句缺主語,且先行詞為物Ioncelivedinahouse_______Istilllovesomuch答案：that/which/不填.love之后缺賓語,且先行詞為物,所以填that或which,另外在定語從句中,如果從句缺賓語,引導(dǎo)詞可以省略不填。.Ioncelivedinahouse_______roofisred.答案：whose。從句不缺主語,賓語和表語,所以可能缺定語或狀語。從句主語與先行詞間有所屬關(guān)系,所以從句缺定語,引導(dǎo)詞用whose。Ioncelivedinahouse_______thereisabiggarden.答案：where。從句不缺主語、賓語和表語,所以可能缺定語或狀語,從句主語非名詞,所以不會缺定語,那么就只能缺狀語,引導(dǎo)詞用where,翻譯“為在房子里有一個大花園。〞例2〕Istillremembertheday______Ifirstcametotheschool.答案：when。從句不缺主語、賓語和表語,所以可能缺定語或狀語,從句主語非名詞,所以不會缺定語,那么就只能缺狀語,時間名詞做先行詞,用when。Istillremembertheday______wespenttogether.答案：that/which/不填。從句中spent之后缺少賓語,且先行詞為物,所以填that/which,從句缺賓語,引導(dǎo)詞也可省略不填。例3〕Thereason_______herefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.答案：why。從句中缺狀語,先行詞表原因,所以用why。Thereason_______hesaidforhisabsenceofmeetingismadeup.答案：that/which/不填。從句中said之后缺賓語,先行詞為物。抽象時間及抽象地點做先行詞且從句中缺狀語：抽象時間及抽象地點做先行詞,如果從句中缺少主語或賓語或表語,仍在that、which中進(jìn)行選擇。如果從句中缺少的是狀語那么用where和when。常見的抽象地點名詞有：case、situation、activity、point、atmosphere、position等。常見的抽象時間名詞有：period,occasion,stage,interval,stay等。例：We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.答案：whereThosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity____sightmattersmorethanhearing.答案：whereToday,wewilldiscussanumberofcases____beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.答案：whereIt’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.答案：whereDescribeanoccasion_____youhadtogiveapresentationtoanaudience.答案：when特殊情況之只用that的情況：a、先行詞前有形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾是,引導(dǎo)詞只用that。例：Thisisthebestway_____hasbeenusedagainstpollution.Thisisthemostdirectyoungwoman_____Ihaveevercomeacross.b、為了和主句中出現(xiàn)過的wh-詞重復(fù),引導(dǎo)詞只用that。Whoistheman_____issittingbythelake?C、先行詞即有人又有物時,引導(dǎo)詞只用that。Hetalkedabouttheschoolsandteachers______hehadvisited.d、先行詞為不定代詞all、something、angthing、some、little、few等時或被不定代詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只用that。It’seasytodotherepair.All_____youneedisahammerandsomenails.e、先行詞前有theonly,thevery,theright等詞修飾時,引導(dǎo)詞只用that。Thisistheveryroom____Isleptinthatevening.LiMingistheonlyone_____wantstobeateacher.4、從句類型影響引導(dǎo)詞的選擇〔非限制性定語從句中不能使用that〕例：Helivesinahotel,______isonlyfiveminutes’walkfromhere.答案：which。從句缺少主語,且先行詞為物可在that和which中選擇,又因為這是一個非限制性定語從句,所以不能使用that。Theforeignguests,______werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.答案：who。從句缺少主語,且先行詞為物可在that和who中選擇,又因為這是一個非限制性定語從句,所以不能使用that。介詞之后的引導(dǎo)詞選擇〔一般定語從句中,介詞之后的引導(dǎo)詞從whom和which中進(jìn)行選擇,表示地點,時間和原因時可與where、when、why進(jìn)行替換〕例：Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______thegreatwriterusedtolive.答案：inwhich/where.從句中缺少地點狀語inthehouse。可以直接填where,也可以將介詞留下,將thehouse替換成關(guān)系代詞which,填inwhich。Myfatherwasbornintheyear_____theSecondWorldWarbrokeout.答案：when/inwhich。從句中缺少時間狀語intheyear,可以填when,也可以留下介詞,將theyear替換成關(guān)系代詞which,填inwhich。Kunmingisabeautifulplace_____flowersareseenalltheyearround.答案：where/inwhich。Isthatthenewspaperfor___youoftenwritearticles?答案：which。介詞for前提,先行詞為物,用which。Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidomsabout____I’mnotsure.答案：which。as在定語從句中的使用在限制性定語從句中,領(lǐng)先行詞被so,as,such,thesame所修飾時,關(guān)系代詞用as指人或物,而不用which?？捎胻hat,但意思不同。ThisisthesamebookasIlost.這本書和我丟掉書一樣。ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.這是我丟的那本書。在非限制性定語從句中：非限制性定語從句,特別是先行詞是整個主句時,由which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,是高考命題的熱點。區(qū)別在于：位置的區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句前、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句后面；含義的區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的從句有“正如〞之意,而which有“這一〞之意。例：_____isknowntoall,fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.答案：as。先行詞為整個句子,且從句位于主句之前,只能用as。Air,____weknow,isgas.答案：as。先行詞為整個句子,且從句插入主句之中,只能用as。Shehasmarriedagain,