2019年中考重難題攻略-完型填空解題指導(dǎo)（共33張）

1、中考英語(yǔ) 重點(diǎn)題型攻略完型填空考情概覽 分析2018三州聯(lián)考及往年(20132017)黔西南州、黔東南州、黔南州中考真題可知，此題型命題特點(diǎn)具體如下：1. 文體：以記敘文、說(shuō)明文為主；詞數(shù)180230左右；生詞量04個(gè)；2. 話(huà)題：教育引導(dǎo)(7考)、咨詢(xún)建議(5考)、情感故事(3考)、自然與環(huán)保(3考)、說(shuō)明介紹(2考)、中外文化(黔西南州2016)。3. 命題特點(diǎn)：首句不設(shè)題，尾句偶爾設(shè)題。具體考查點(diǎn)如下：(1)必考點(diǎn)：名詞(每年13道)，近義名詞辨析、同根詞辨析也會(huì)偶爾涉及；(2)高頻考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))、形容詞(短語(yǔ))、副詞、連詞、介詞(短語(yǔ))、代詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；(3)冷考點(diǎn)：數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)

2、詞、比較等級(jí)、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞、賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致、冠詞。微技能講練 分析三州考情可知，完型填空的考查角度主要包括：語(yǔ)境推斷、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、邏輯推理、固定搭配、生活常識(shí)、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。針對(duì)不同的角度，考生可運(yùn)用不同的解題技能，主要有以下6種：微技能1 語(yǔ)境推斷(2018三州聯(lián)考2考；黔西南州、黔東南州、黔南州：每年38道)技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) 語(yǔ)境推斷是完型填空命題中最主要的考查角度。脫離上下文語(yǔ)境，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以講得通，但是根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境，則只有一個(gè)正確答案。解答此類(lèi)試題，首先要分清每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，其次抓住文中關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行逆向或正向推理，正確把握語(yǔ)境，從而做出判斷?！镜淅饰觥?2018三州聯(lián)

3、考節(jié)選) On their way back home, the father 43 about his sons ideas about the trip. So he asked, “ 44 was the trip？” “It was great, Dad！”43. A. wondered B. disliked C. worried D. described44. A. When B. Where C. How D. What 【點(diǎn)撥】 43題:句意：在他們回家的路上，這位父親_他兒子關(guān)于這次旅行的看法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“So he asked, _ was the trip？”可知，此處父親

4、在詢(xún)問(wèn)兒子對(duì)這次旅程的看法。因此，挖空處指父親想知道兒子的看法。故選wondered。 44題:句意：所以他問(wèn)“這次旅程_？”“太好了，爸爸”。根據(jù)下句答語(yǔ)“It was great, Dad！”可知，此處是詢(xún)問(wèn)這次旅程怎么樣。故選How。Cloze 1 It was a cold and 1._morning after the winter vacation.She was riding on snowy ice when suddenly she fell off her bike just a few steps in front of me. 1. A. snowy B. rainy

5、 C. cloudy D. sunny微技能訓(xùn)練 ACloze 2 One day, somebody bought one of Jims pictures and then asked him, “Please 2._ me, Jim, why do you paint on the bottom half of the paper?”2. A. tell B. advise C. promise D. believeACloze 3 When Sean was only a 5-year-old boy, his fathers friend Paul once 3._ the litt

6、le boy home in his police car. Sean was interested in the car, the lights and the uniform (制服). He decided to be a hero like Paul.3. A. guided B. led C. carried D. droveDCloze 4 After the operation, my ear produced a mixed liquid(液體) with blood and water. The mixture didnt smell good and I needed to

7、 go to the doctor every six months to get my ear cleaned out. I also had to put a clean cotton ball into my ear each day to 4._ being made fun of at school.4. A. forget B. enjoy C. avoid D. keepC(2018三州聯(lián)考47題；黔西南州9考；黔東南州10考；黔南州26考) 三州完型填空中也會(huì)考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)與語(yǔ)境的混合辨析。解答此類(lèi)試題：第步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合本書(shū)第二部分“語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題突破”中對(duì)應(yīng)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，排除不符合

8、語(yǔ)法的選項(xiàng)；第步：結(jié)合微技能1“語(yǔ)境推斷”，聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境選擇正確答案。技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) 微技能2 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)(含語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)境混合考查)【典例剖析】(2018三州聯(lián)考節(jié)選) We have very expensive lights, but they have 47 stars at night. 47. A. few B. a little C. a lot D. lots of【點(diǎn)撥】句意：我們有昂貴的燈，但是他們?cè)谕砩嫌衉 星星。 第步：根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)判斷：few幾乎沒(méi)有，修飾可數(shù)名詞；a little一些，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a lot非常，空后單詞為stars，是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以可排除B、C項(xiàng)。

9、第步：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，此處表示有很多星星。表示“很多”用lots of。Cloze 5 My father had always wanted 5._ a small restaurant. Finally, after ten years of hard work, he managed to save enough money and opened our first pizzeria（比薩餅店）in June 2018.5. A. to open B. opening C. to eat D. eatingA微技能訓(xùn)練 Cloze 6 Finally, our teacher

10、 6._ in. Seeing the presents on her desk, she smiled. Though we were not right by her side, we could feel her happiness.6. A. came B. comes C. was coming D. comeACloze 7 It has other functions. For example, computers will also help to know about your health in another way. If you blow on your comput

11、er, it will recognize（識(shí)別） your breath. Then it can tell you7._ you need to see a doctor or not.7. A. when B. Whether C. if D. unlessB 一篇文章各段落之間都有著邏輯上的必然聯(lián)系?？忌诖痤}時(shí)，可以通過(guò)對(duì)故事的線(xiàn)索、短文各段之間的邏輯關(guān)系、短文內(nèi)容之間的邏輯關(guān)系及人物情感的發(fā)展來(lái)分析和理解，以此推斷答案。常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系主要有： 1. 并列關(guān)系(and, while.) 2. 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(but, however, yet, otherwise.) 3. 順序關(guān)系(be

12、fore, after, then, finally.) 4. 讓步關(guān)系(although, though, even if/though.)技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) (2018三州聯(lián)考49題；黔西南州2考；黔東南州3考；黔南州4考)微技能3 邏輯推理6. 條件關(guān)系(if, unless, as long as.)7. 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(moreover, besides, whats more, in addition to, as well as.)【典例剖析】(2018三州聯(lián)考節(jié)選) We have walls around the house to protect us, 49 they have frien

13、ds to protect them. 49. A. soB. becauseC. butD. if 【點(diǎn)撥】句意：我們有圍墻來(lái)保護(hù)我們，_ 他們有朋友來(lái)保護(hù)他們。根據(jù)前句和后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系可知，前后句之間把“walls”和“friends”形成對(duì)比，因此表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。Cloze 8 Astronauts lived in these space stations for a short time. 8._, it wasnt until the late 1980s when the Soviet Union sent the Mir space station that peo

14、ple began to live in space for a longer time.8. A. Besides B. Although C. However D. While微技能訓(xùn)練 CCloze 9 Henry could have kept the pocketbook 9._ no one saw him when he found it, but his mother had taught him to be honest. So he gave the pocketbook back to the man.9. A. so B. because C. though D. bu

15、tBCloze 10 Start an English discussion and talk about music，movies 10._ whatever interests you.10. A. so B. butC. although D. orCloze 11 It is true that your parents sometimes treat you as a little child. They still remember the childish（幼稚的）mistakes you used to make. They want to protect you 11._yo

16、u dont want them to do so.11. A. if B. though C. because D. sinceDB(2018三州聯(lián)考3考；黔西南州8考；黔東南州2考；黔南州5考) 此類(lèi)題是利用固定搭配、常用句型及習(xí)慣表達(dá)來(lái)直接選擇答案，不需要借助太多語(yǔ)境。考生平時(shí)應(yīng)積累常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、固定句型等固定搭配。技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) 微技能4 固定搭配【典例剖析】(2018三州聯(lián)考節(jié)選) A rich father took his son on a trip to a village. He wanted to show his son what are the differenc

17、es 41 their life and the villagers, so that his son could cherish(珍愛(ài)) what he had. They spent 42 a few days with a family there. 41. A. from B. at C. between D. into 42. A. quite B. many C. quiet D. more【點(diǎn)撥】 41題：根據(jù)their life后的and，并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，只有between可以與and搭配，between.and.表示“在和之間(兩者)”。 42題：根據(jù)空后的a few,

18、并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，只有quite可以與a few搭配，quite a few相當(dāng)多的。Cloze 12 However, it seemed that they didnt 12._ me as their friends. I told them my secrets but they didnt share theirs with me. I hope to find a true friend who can share happiness and sadness with me. 12. A. regard B. Like C. know D. regret微技能訓(xùn)練 ACloze

19、13 Someone asked him, “Did you want to buy the shoes 13._ yourself?” “Of course,” he answered. 13. A. for B. to C. In D. withCloze 14 Her daughter was too young 14._ understand about sharing and giving. The smile disappeared from her face. 14. A. to B. about C. from D. upAA(2018三州聯(lián)考2考；黔西南州4考；黔東南州3考；

20、黔南州2考) 此類(lèi)試題要求考生利用生活中的常識(shí)(經(jīng)驗(yàn))進(jìn)行判斷。因此在日常生活中，考生需要多注意周邊發(fā)生的人和事，同時(shí)多了解一些國(guó)內(nèi)外風(fēng)俗文化、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)及俗語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)等，做題時(shí)結(jié)合實(shí)際生活選擇正確答案。技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) 微技能5 生活常識(shí)【典例剖析】(2018三州聯(lián)考節(jié)選) The son answered, “We have one dog but the family has four. We have a swimming pool, but they have a big river with many 46 swimming in it.46. A. pigs B. hens C. birds

21、 D. ducks【點(diǎn)撥】句意：我們有一個(gè)游泳池，但是他們有 一條大河，里面有許多_在游泳。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，選項(xiàng)中只有“ducks鴨子”可以在河里游泳，由此可得出答案。Cloze 15 We buy food in the supermarket, but they15._ food in their garden for themselves. 15.A. order B. grow C. catch D. offerCloze 16 It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the 16._ station was waiting for t

22、he train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation. 16. A. railway B. bus C. plane D. bike微技能訓(xùn)練 BACloze 17 Shopping on the Internet can save them some money and time. They dont need to go to the 17._ themselves. 17. A. store B. library C. hospital D. parkA 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)指的是某一詞以原詞、同義詞、近義詞等或其他形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中，語(yǔ)篇中的句子通過(guò)這種復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系達(dá)到了相互銜接。(2018三州聯(lián)考50題；黔西南州4考；黔東南州2考；黔南州3考)技巧盤(pán)點(diǎn) 微技能6 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn) 【典例剖析】(2018三州聯(lián)考節(jié)選) A rich father took his son on a trip to a village.He wanted to show his son what are the differences 41 their life and t