常用經(jīng)濟術語中英文對照

1、NATIONAL FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE經(jīng)濟指標 economic indicators社會總產(chǎn)值 total product of society國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP （Gross Domestic Product） 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP （Gross Domestic Product） 人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP per capita工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 國民收入 national income購買力平價法 purchasing power parity 財

2、政收入 state revenue社會商品零售總額 total volume of retail 社會零售物價總指數(shù) general retail price 百分點 percentage pointsthe8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment 計劃經(jīng)濟 planned economy統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷 state monopoly over purchase and 市場經(jīng)濟 market economy指令性計劃 mandatory plan 指導性計劃 guidance plan marketregulation建立市場經(jīng)濟

3、、法制、民主監(jiān)督和廉政三個機制 establish operational mechanisms of market economy， rule by law， democratic supervision and incorruptible governmentstressprioritiesoveragriculturetransportation and energy supply， education and science and technology實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結構、生態(tài)環(huán)境和人口素質(zhì)三個優(yōu)化 optimize industrial structure， ecological envi

4、ronment and the quality of population第一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè) primary， secondary and tertiary industries 外向型經(jīng)濟 export-oriented economy創(chuàng)匯型企業(yè) foreign exchange-earning enterprise 勞動密集型 labor intensive技術、智力、資本密集型 technology， knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value優(yōu)化資源配置 opti

5、mize allocation of resources 生產(chǎn)力 productive forces生產(chǎn)資料 capital goods科研成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化 industrialization of research findings 火炬計劃 Torch Plan技術入股 technology appraised as capital stock 風險投資 venture investment/capital固定資產(chǎn)投資 investment in fixed assets 技術轉(zhuǎn)讓 technology transfer可行性研究 feasibility study 意向書 letter of

6、intent投資環(huán)境 investment environment跨國公司 transnational coorporation 基礎設施 infrastructure20 年基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years發(fā)揮技術窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies， managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.招商 attract investment招商

7、項目 project proposals for investment同國際慣例接軌 follow the international codes of practice； bring in line with the international usage加大改革力度 intensify reforms 一條龍服務 one package service 一支筆審批 one-chop approval我們兩市的經(jīng)濟互補性很強。 To a great extent， the economies between out two cities are complementary to each o

8、ther.平等互利，互通有無 equality and mutual benefit， and trading of needed goods外引內(nèi)聯(lián) act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connectionsbringaboutasustainabledevelopmentsustainmomentumofdevelopment 經(jīng)濟實力 economic capabilities龍頭 pacemaker； leading role三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場地

9、平） threeconnectionsandonelevelingassuringthata construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and ground is leveled before a project is begun.瓶頸 bottleneck以工養(yǎng)農(nóng) use industrial income to finance agriculture 以路養(yǎng)路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects下放審批權 delegate the auth

10、ority to examine and approve to lower levels 統(tǒng)而不死，活而不亂 ensure a flexible control良性循環(huán) positive cycleand that the國民經(jīng)濟的支柱 mainstay of the national economy 格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.理順企業(yè)的產(chǎn)權關系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises 政策性虧損 policy-related loss三角債 chain deb

11、ts上不封頂，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise 生意興隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish質(zhì)量信得過單位 quality trustworthy organization批量生產(chǎn) mass production 以銷定產(chǎn) limit production to market ability 內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè) inland associated enterprises菜籃子工程 shipping ba

12、sket project 國產(chǎn)化 percentage of home-made 配套改革 coordinated reforms配套措施 supporting 配套工程 auxiliary project 國內(nèi)配套資金 domestic funds向基礎工業(yè)傾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry 升級換代 upgrading and updating看好經(jīng)濟增長 think highly of economic growth行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.行情看漲/跌 anticipate low

13、er market price/rising 隨行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions片面追求發(fā)展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate在過渡時期 in a period of transition粗放/集約經(jīng)營 extensive/intensive operation 基礎地位 leading position門類齊全 covering extensive fields存款/thebalanceofdeposits/loans 外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves貿(mào)易順差 trade s

14、urplus完善的市場和發(fā)達的金融體制 well-established market and sophisticated financial system 消滅失業(yè) wipe out unemployment降低過熱的期貨市場，恢復金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order緊縮銀根 tighten the money supply 一位數(shù)水平 one digit level保持雙邊貿(mào)易的平衡 balance the two-way trade這次會議為兩國進一步加強持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系奠定了堅實的

15、基礎。 This meeting laid a sound foundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomic市場疲軟 a market slump庫存積壓 overstocked products國家指令性計劃 state mandatory 統(tǒng)一定價 unified price setting國家統(tǒng)配物資 materials allocated by 貨幣發(fā)放 the issue of currency規(guī)范價格秩序standardize the price order簡化流通環(huán)節(jié)

16、，增加隨機檢查 simplify circulation and add more random checksThemarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole.由于該暗補為明補，糧食購銷同價。 Grains are purchased and sold by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.導致價格持續(xù)增長的一個重要因素在于物價的逐步放開及價格結構調(diào)整。 An important factor（contributing

17、 to/resulting in） substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.折舊費 depreciation cost關系民生的產(chǎn)品 products vital to the peoples livelihood 供大于求 oversupply供不應求 short supply經(jīng)濟過熱 overheated economy抑制炒房地產(chǎn)熱 stem frenzied and speculative trading i

18、n the property market 宏觀調(diào)控 macro-economic control經(jīng)濟杠桿 economic levers 產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 industrial publicfinancingtaxationcreditinterestrateexchange rate提高經(jīng)濟效益 enhance economic performance/returns 社會效益 social effect/returns實現(xiàn)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展 bring about sustained， stable and coordinated development 財政赤字（盈余 ） budget d

19、eficit（surplus）外貿(mào)出口總額 gross foreign export value外商直接投資協(xié)議金額 contracted foreign direct investment 實際利用外資 foreign investment in actual use三資企業(yè)（中外合資合作、外商獨資經(jīng)營）threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment： sino-foreign joint venture， contractual joint venture允許外商獨資經(jīng)營 allow full foreign equity operation 優(yōu)惠

20、條件 confessional terms； favorable terms減免稅收 tax reduction and 合作方式approaches tocooperation出資方式 means of contributing investment 合營期限 contract term of a joint venture三來一補（）processingandcompensationmaterials or given samples， assembling supplied components）貿(mào)易伙伴trade 轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易 transit trade外貿(mào)順差 foreign trade surplusactivelyintroduceprofessionals a