初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句全配練習(xí)課件

1、賓語(yǔ)從句 1 什么叫賓語(yǔ)？ 賓語(yǔ)就是位于及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后的名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)，包括名詞，代詞等等。1）I like apples. 2 ) They are talking about me. 判斷一個(gè)詞是不是賓語(yǔ)，首先要看它是不是跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面；其次要看它是不是名詞或代詞。2一、賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句就是將原本位于及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面的名詞或代詞換成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 I like apples. I like (that you get my gift ) .括號(hào)內(nèi)的那一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句就叫做賓語(yǔ)從句，而且它是“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu)，它是整個(gè)句子充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞like的賓語(yǔ)。3簡(jiǎn)單句：They are talking

2、about me. 賓語(yǔ)從句： They are talking about （who newly come to our class）. 括號(hào)內(nèi)的那一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句就叫做賓語(yǔ)從句，而且它是“主謂”結(jié)構(gòu)，它是整個(gè)句子充當(dāng)及介詞 about的賓語(yǔ)。4（一）連接詞1.that2.whether/if3.連接代詞who whom whose what which4. 連接副詞when why where how。6當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)that無詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。結(jié)構(gòu)式為：主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+that+從句，例如：合并句子： He could finish his work

3、before supper. He said. He said that he could finish his work before supper7只能用whether的情況1、具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether。合并句子：1) Will he come or not? Let me know. Let me know whether he will come or not92、介詞之后用whether合并句子：1）Does he like English? I am interested. Im interested in whe

4、ther he likes English2) Can we finish the work on time? We are thinking. Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time10不定式前用whetherI dont know whether to goHe hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train11whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用ifWhether this is true or not，I cant say12If 與whether 的區(qū)別I don

5、t know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 與or not 連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與to do 不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用whether13如果賓語(yǔ)從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo) Please tell him. Which class are you in . 賓語(yǔ)從句： Please tell him whic

6、h class you are in . What does she like most? Do you know? 賓語(yǔ)從句：Do you know what she likes most?14由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (誰能回答

7、這個(gè)問題）2. Do you know_. （他們?cè)诘日l）3. Please tell me _. （我們什么時(shí)候開會(huì)）4. Can you tell me _. （他在哪兒）5. Could you tell me _. （我該怎么去車站）6. Would you tell me _（為什么火車遲到了） whom they are waiting for16（二）語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)合句的無論主句或從句都可以是陳述句，也可以是疑問句。但無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語(yǔ)從句都必須使用陳述句語(yǔ)序，即“主句連詞賓語(yǔ)從句（主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)）”句式。陳述句語(yǔ)序就是“主語(yǔ)在前，動(dòng)詞在后”(史稱:主前動(dòng)后)。陳述句語(yǔ)序

8、的常見正確表達(dá)式為:a 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞b 主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞(has/have)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞17判斷從句是否是陳述句語(yǔ)序的小技巧：把從句單獨(dú)拿出來，如果構(gòu)成合乎語(yǔ)法規(guī)范的疑問句，如一般疑問句或特殊疑問句，那這個(gè)語(yǔ)序必定不是陳述句語(yǔ)序。 1、She told me that would she like to go with us.從句 would she like to go with us, 加上一個(gè)問號(hào)，就是完整的特殊疑問句，那它就是疑問句語(yǔ)序，而不是陳述句語(yǔ)序。正確說法應(yīng)為：She told me that she would like to go with us.192、Miss Gre

9、en didnt tell us where did she live in 2008. 從句where did she live in 2008,加一個(gè)句號(hào)，就是完整的特殊疑問句，那它就是疑問句語(yǔ)序，不是陳述句語(yǔ)序。正確的說法應(yīng)為：Mr Green didnt tell us where she lived in 2008.20（三 ） 時(shí)態(tài)(時(shí)態(tài)一致性）1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從 句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是_時(shí)態(tài)。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorro

10、w.Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任 何21 2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的_時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)， 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如： He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 過去22 3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時(shí)，從句仍用 _ 時(shí)態(tài)。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the

11、 sun.一般現(xiàn)在23三 、賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換1、當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 I hope that I can receive your e-mail. I hopeto receive your e-mail.24簡(jiǎn)化賓語(yǔ)從句常用方法方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。Li Ming hopes he will be back

12、very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him.26方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等動(dòng)詞，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.27四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合

13、句中，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think， believe, guess, suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。 eg: I dont think he will come with you. 注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at school , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語(yǔ)由賓 語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。 例7，如果主句的

14、主語(yǔ)非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語(yǔ) 由主句的主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。has hedidnt he29Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB鞏固練習(xí)：I從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。304Lilys mother looked for her for h

15、alf an hour, but could not find _?what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here C315 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. too

16、k B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled AC327. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. weather C. what D. whichA8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they

17、leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing C33II.改錯(cuò)：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that

18、when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.34The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear he _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since

19、 1948. (be)He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had been travels are talking were were doing3510

20、. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me w

21、hat they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid36將下列句子合并為一句:1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?He asked if they li