數(shù)字圖像處理實驗三中值濾波和均值濾波實驗報告材料

1、數(shù)字圖像處理實驗三均值濾波、中值濾波的計算機(jī)實現(xiàn)12281166崔雪瑩計科1202班一、實驗?zāi)康模?）熟悉均值濾波、中值濾波處理的理論基礎(chǔ)；2）掌握均值濾波、中值濾波的計算機(jī)實現(xiàn)方法；3）學(xué)習(xí)VC+6。0的編程方法；4）驗證均值濾波、中值濾波處理理論；5）觀察均值濾波、中值濾波處理的結(jié)果。二、實驗的軟、硬件平臺：硬件：微型圖像處理系統(tǒng)，包括：主機(jī)，PC機(jī)；攝像機(jī)；軟件：操作系統(tǒng)：WIND0WS2000或WINDOWSXP應(yīng)用軟件：VC+6.0三、實驗內(nèi)容：1）握高級語言編程技術(shù)；2）編制均值濾波、中值濾波處理程序的方法；3）編譯并生成可執(zhí)行文件；4）考察處理結(jié)果。四、實驗要求：1）學(xué)習(xí)VC+確

2、6。0編程的步驟及流程；2）編寫均值濾波、中值濾波的程序；3）編譯并改錯；4）把該程序嵌入試驗二給出的界面中（作適當(dāng)修改）；5）提交程序及文檔；6）寫出本次實驗的體會。五、實驗結(jié)果截圖實驗均值濾波采用的是3X3的方塊，取周圍的像素點取得其均值代替原像素點。邊緣像素的處理方法是復(fù)制邊緣的像素點，增加一個邊框，計算里面的像素值得均值濾波。II打Jf文祥中誼泯逋均值爲(wèi)波中I稠打開文件六、實驗體會本次實驗在前一次的實驗基礎(chǔ)上增加均值濾波和中值濾波，對于椒鹽噪聲的處理，發(fā)現(xiàn)中值濾波的效果更為好一點，而均值濾波是的整個圖像變得模糊了一點，效果差異較大。本次實驗更加增加了對數(shù)字圖像處理的了解與學(xué)習(xí)。七、實驗

3、程序代碼注釋及分析/HistDemoADlg.h:頭文件/#includeImageWnd.h#pragmaonce/CHistDemoADIg對話框classCHistDemoADlg:publicCDialogEx/構(gòu)造public:CHistDemoADlg(CWnd*pParent=NULL);/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)intnWidth;intnHeight;intnLen;intnByteWidth;BYTE*lpBackup;BYTE*lpBitmap;BYTE*lpBits;CStringFileName;CImageWndsource,dest;/對話框數(shù)據(jù)enumIDD=IDD_HIS

4、TDEMOA_DIALOG;protected:virtualvoidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX);/DDX/DDV支持/實現(xiàn)protected:HICONm_hIcon;/生成的消息映射函數(shù)virtualBOOLOnInitDialog();afx_msgvoidOnSysCommand(UINTnID,LPARAMlParam);afx_msgvoidOnPaint();afx_msgHCURSOROnQueryDragIcon();DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()public:voidLoadBitmap(void);afx_msgvoid

5、OnOpen();afx_msgvoidOnHist();voidHistogramEq(void);voidNoColor(void);voidHistogramEq1(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);voidMeanFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);voidMedianFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput);afx_msgvoidOnBnClickedClose();afx_m

6、sgvoidOnBnClickedMeanfilter();afx_msgvoidOnBnClickedMedianfilter();HistDemoADIg.cpp對HistDemoADIg.h進(jìn)行具體的實現(xiàn)，OnOpen()函數(shù)響應(yīng)ID為IDC_OPEN的按鈕事件，而且會調(diào)取文件選擇對話框，選取文件之后，會顯示在原始圖像區(qū)域顯示對應(yīng)的位圖圖像，OnHist()函數(shù)會響應(yīng)ID為IDC_HIST的按鈕事件，調(diào)用HistogramEq()進(jìn)行直方圖均衡化的處理，HistogramEqO會調(diào)用HistogramEq1()進(jìn)行直方圖均衡化的處理，并用dst.setImage()顯示處理之后的圖像，以

7、及NoColor()函數(shù)，對原始圖像轉(zhuǎn)化為灰度圖像之后再顯示。/HistDemoADlg.cpp:實現(xiàn)文件/#includestdafx.h#includeHistDemoA.h#includeHistDemoADlg.h#includeafxdialogex.h#ifdef_DEBUG#definenewDEBUG_NEW#endif#definePoint(x,y)lpPoints(x)+(y)*nWidth#definePoint1(x,y)lpPoints1(x)+(y)*nWidth/用于應(yīng)用程序“關(guān)于”菜單項的CAboutDlg對話框classCAboutDlg:publicCDi

8、alogExpublic:CAboutDlg();/對話框數(shù)據(jù)enumIDD=IDD_ABOUTBOX;protected:virtualvoidDoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX);/DDX/DDV支持/實現(xiàn)protected:DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP();CAboutDlg:CAboutDlg():CDialogEx(CAboutDlg:IDD)voidCAboutDlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX)CDialogEx:DoDataExchange(pDX);BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutD

9、lg,CDialogEx)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/CHistDemoADIg對話框CHistDemoADlg:CHistDemoADlg(CWnd*pParent/*=NULL*/):CDiaIogEx(CHistDemoADIg:IDD,pParent)m_hIcon=AfxGetApp()-LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);IpBitmap=0;IpBackup=0;voidCHistDemoADIg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange*pDX)CDiaIogEx:DoDataExchange(pDX);BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(C

10、HistDemoADIg,CDiaIogEx)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_OPEN,&CHistDemoADIg:OnOpen)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_HIST,&CHistDemoADIg:OnHist)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDCLOSE,&CHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedCIose)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_MEANFILTER,&CHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMeanfilter)ON_BN_CLICKED(I

11、DC_MEDIANFILTER,&CHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMedianfilter)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/CHistDemoADIg消息處理程序BOOLCHistDemoADlg:OnInitDialog()CDiaIogEx:OnInitDiaIog();/將“關(guān)于.”菜單項添加到系統(tǒng)菜單中。/IDM_AB0UTB0X必須在系統(tǒng)命令范圍內(nèi)。ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX&0 xFFF0)=IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOXAppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu-AppendMenu(M

12、F_STRING,IDM_ABOUTBOX,strAboutMenu);/設(shè)置此對話框的圖標(biāo)。當(dāng)應(yīng)用程序主窗口不是對話框時，框架將自動/執(zhí)行此操作SetIcon(m_hIcon,TRUE);/設(shè)置大圖標(biāo)SetIcon(m_hIcon,FALSE);/設(shè)置小圖標(biāo)/TODO:在此添加額外的初始化代碼source.Create(0,LSource,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE,CRect(40,40,360,280),this,10000);dest.Create(0,LDestination,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE,CRect(400,40,720,280),this,1

13、0001);returnTRUE;/除非將焦點設(shè)置到控件，否則返回TRUEvoidCHistDemoADlg:OnSysCommand(UINTnID,LPARAMlParam)if(nID&0 xFFF0)=IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlgdlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialogEx:OnSysCommand(nID,lParam);/如果向?qū)υ捒蛱砑幼钚』粹o，則需要下面的代碼/來繪制該圖標(biāo)。對于使用文檔/視圖模型的MFC應(yīng)用程序，/這將由框架自動完成。voidCHistDemoADlg:OnPaint()if(IsIconic()CPai

14、ntDCdc(this);/用于繪制的設(shè)備上下文SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND,reinterpret_cast(dc.GetSafeHdc(),0);/使圖標(biāo)在工作區(qū)矩形中居中intcxIcon=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);intcyIcon=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRectrect;GetClientRect(&rect);intx=(rect.Width()-cxIcon+1)/2;inty=(rect.Height()-cyIcon+1)/2;/繪制圖標(biāo)dc.DrawIcon(x,y,m_hIco

15、n);elseCDialogEx:OnPaint();/當(dāng)用戶拖動最小化窗口時系統(tǒng)調(diào)用此函數(shù)取得光標(biāo)/顯示。HCURSORCHistDemoADlg:OnQueryDragIcon()returnstatic_cast(m_hIcon);voidCHistDemoADlg:LoadBitmap()/位圖文件：BITMAPFILEHEADER+BITMAPINFOHEADER+有效信息部分BITMAPINFOHEADER*plnfo;/位圖文件的頭部信息指針pInfopInfo=(BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);/pInf

16、o指向位圖文件的頭部信息nWidth=pInfo-biWidth;/圖片寬度nByteWidth=nWidth*3;/字節(jié)寬度if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);/使字節(jié)寬度為4的整數(shù)倍nHeight二plnfo-biHeight;/圖片高度if(pInfo-biBitCount!=24)/位圖的位深度不為24if(pInfo-biBitCount!=8)/位深度不為8AfxMessageBox(L無效位圖)；deletelpBitmap;lpBitmap=0;return;/位深度為8unsignedintPaletteSize=1biB

17、itCount;/左移8位，PaletteSize調(diào)色板尺寸if(pInfo-biClrUsed!=0&pInfo-biClrUsedbiClrUsed;/biCIrUsed位圖實際使用的顏色表中的顏色數(shù)lpBits=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/lpBits指向有效信息部分RGBQUAD*pPalette=(RGBQUAD*)lpBits;/顏色表部分/*typedefstructtagRGBQUADBYTErgbBlue;BYTErgbGreen;BYTErgbRed;BYTErgbReserved;

18、RGBQUAD;*/lpBits+二sizeof(RGBQUAD)*PaletteSize;/lpBits指向圖像有效信息部分nLen=sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+nByteWidth*nHeight;/整個位圖文件的長度BYTE*lpTemp=lpBitmap;lpBitmap=newBYTEnLen;BITMAPFILEHEADERbmh;BITMAPINFOHEADERbmi;bmh.bfType=B+M*256;bmh.bfSize=nLen;bmh.bfReserved1=0;bmh.bfReserved2=0;

19、bmh.bfOffBits=54;bmi.biSize=sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bmi.biWidth=nWidth;bmi.biHeight=nHeight;bmi.biPlanes=1;bmi.biBitCount=24;bmi.biCompression=BI_RGB;bmi.biSizeImage=0;bmi.biXPelsPerMeter=0;bmi.biYPelsPerMeter=0;bmi.biClrUsed=0;bmi.biClrImportant=0;intnBWidth=pInfo-biWidth;if(nBWidth%4)nBWidth+=4-(

20、nBWidth%4);memset(lpBitmap,0,nLen);memcpy(lpBitmap,&bmh,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER);/位圖文件頭部memcpy(lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),&bmi,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/位圖信息頭部BYTE*lpBits2=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);/位圖圖像信息部分intx,y,p1,p2,Palette;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)for(x=0;xnWi

21、dth;x+)p1=y*nBWidth+x;p2=y*nByteWidth+x*3;if(lpBitsp1PaletteSize)Palette=lpBitsp1;elsePalette=0;lpBits2p2=pPalettePalette.rgbBlue;lpBits2p2+1=pPalettePalette.rgbGreen;lpBits2p2+2=pPalettePalette.rgbRed;deletelpTemp;lpBits=lpBitmap+sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)if(lpBackup)deletelp

22、Backup;lpBackup=newBYTEnLen;memcpy(lpBackup,lpBitmap,nLen);voidCHistDemoADlg:OnOpen()/點擊打開文件之后，對應(yīng)的事件處理函數(shù)/TODO:在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼CFileFile;CFileDialogdlg(TRUE,O,O,OFN_HIDEREADONLY,L位圖文件|*.bmp|所有文件|*.*|,this);/新建文件選擇對話框if(dlg.DoModal()=IDOK)FileName=dlg.GetPathName();/得到文件的路徑if(!File.Open(FileName,CFile:m

23、odeRead)return;/以只讀方式打開文件/TODO:addloadingcodehereif(lpBitmap)deletelpBitmap;/保證IpBitmap為空nLen=(int)File.GetLength();/得到文件的長度lpBitmap二newBYTEnLen;/為lpBitmap分配空間File.Read(lpBitmap,nLen);/將文件的內(nèi)容讀入到lpBitmap所指向的內(nèi)存區(qū)域LoadBitmapO;/調(diào)用LoadBitmap()，加載位圖圖像if(lpBitmap)source.SetImage(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits);voidC

24、HistDemoADlg:OnHist()/TODO:在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼HistogramEq();voidGetPoints(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpBits,BYTE*lpPoints)intx,y,p;intnByteWidth=nWidth*3;if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByteWidth;lpPointsx+y*nWidth=(BYTE)(0.299*(float)lp

25、Bitsp+2+0.587*(float)lpBitsp+1+0.114*(float)lpBitsp+0.1);/三種顏色的比例計算對應(yīng)點的顏色值，并且強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換成BYTEvoidPutPoints(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpBits,BYTE*lpPoints)/逐個對IpBits進(jìn)行賦值intnByteWidth=nWidth*3;if(nByteWidth%4)nByteWidth+=4-(nByteWidth%4);intx,y,p,p1;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByt

26、eWidth;p1=x+y*nWidth;IpBitsp=IpPointsp1;IpBitsp+1=IpPointsp1;IpBitsp+2=IpPointsp1;voidCHistDemoADIg:HistogramEq(void)if(IpBitmap=0)return;BYTE*IpOutput=newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;HistogramEq1(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits,lpOutput);dest.SetImage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在直方圖均衡化的區(qū)域顯示結(jié)果deletelpOutput;NoColor(

27、);/將原始圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成灰度圖像voidCHistDemoADlg:NoColor()if(lpBitmap=0)return;intx,y,p;BYTEPoint;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/每一行for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)/每一列p=x*3+y*nByteWidth;Point=(BYTE)(0.299*(float)lpBitsp+2+0.587*(float)lpBitsp+1+0114*(float)lpBitsp+0.1);/計算顏色值，在0-255的灰度級之間lpBitsp+2=Point;lpBitsp+1=Point;lpBitsp=Point;sou

28、rce.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits);/將彩色圖像轉(zhuǎn)化成灰度圖像voidCHistDemoADlg:HistogramEq1(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lplnput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素點的個數(shù)GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lplnput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是顏色值intr256,s256;/顏色值數(shù)組，統(tǒng)計對應(yīng)顏色值像素點的個數(shù)ZeroMemory(r,1024);ZeroMemory(s

29、,1024);for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/統(tǒng)計對應(yīng)顏色值像素點的個數(shù),Point(x,y)是lpPoints(x,y)for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)rPoint(x,y)+;s0=r0;for(y=1;y256;y+)sy=sy-1;sy+=ry;/計算顏色值的前y種顏色的總像素點的個數(shù)(像素點顏色值二y)for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/將計算對應(yīng)點的像素值，直方圖均勻化的結(jié)果保存在IpPointsfor(x=0;xnWidth;x+)Point(x,y)=sPoint(x,y)*255/nWidth/nHeight;PutPoints(nWidth,nHeig

30、ht,IpOutput,IpPoints);/輸出IpPoints到IpOutputdeIeteIpPoints;voidCHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedCIose()/TODO:在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼/ExitProcess(O);/注意使用時先釋放分配的內(nèi)存，以免造成內(nèi)存泄露/exit(O);/正常終止程序；exit(非0)非正常終止程序PostQuitMessage(O);/最常用voidCHistDemoADIg:OnBnCIickedMeanfiIter()/TODO:在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼if(IpBitmap=0)return;BYTE*IpOutp

31、ut=newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;MeanFiIter(nWidth，nHeight，IpBits，IpOutput);dest.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在直方圖均衡化的區(qū)域顯示結(jié)果deletelpOutput;NoColor();/將原始圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成灰度圖像voidCHistDemoADlg:MeanFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lplnput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素點的個數(shù)BYTE*lpPo

32、ints1=newBYTE(nWidth+2)*(nHeight+2);GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpInput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是顏色值for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/中間最整塊圖像的拷貝for(x=1;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x,y)=Point(x-1,y-1);/lpPoints1yx=lpPointsy-1x-1;for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/最左邊和最右邊一列的拷貝Point1(0,y)=Point(0,y-1);Point1(nWidth+1,y)=Point(nWidth-1,y-1);

33、/lpPoints1y0=lpPointsy-10;/lpPoints1ynWidth+1=lpPointsy-1nWidth-1;for(x=0;xnWidth+2;x+)/最上邊和最下邊一行的拷貝Point1(x,0)=Point1(x,1);Point1(x,nHeight+1)=Point1(x,nHeight);/lpPoints10 x=lpPoints11x;/lpPoints1nHeight+1x=lpPoints1nHeightx;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)/求以某點為中心的九個數(shù)平均值for(x=0;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x+1,y)+Point

34、1(x+2,y)Point1(x+1,y+1)Point1(x,y)+Point1(x,y+1)Point(x,y)Point1(x+2,y+1)lpPoints1y+2x+2)/9;Point1(x,y+2)Point1(x+1,y+2)Point1(x+2,y+2)/*lpPointsyxlpPoints1yx+2+)/9;(lpPoints1yxlpPoints1yx+1lpPoints1y+1xlpPoints1y+1x+1lpPoints1y+1x+2+lpPoints1y+2xlpPoints1y+2x+1*/PutPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput,lp

35、Points);/輸出lpPoints到lpOutputdeletelpPoints;voidCHistDemoADlg:MedianFilter(intnWidth,intnHeight,BYTE*lpInput,BYTE*lpOutput)intx,y;BYTE*lpPoints二newBYTEnWidth*nHeight;/像素點的個數(shù)BYTE*lpPoints1=newBYTE(nWidth+2)*(nHeight+2);GetPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpInput,lpPoints);/lpPoints存的是顏色值for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/中間

36、一整塊拷貝for(x=1;xnWidth;x+)Point1(x,y)=Point(x-1,y-1);for(y=1;ynHeight+1;y+)/最左邊和最右邊一列的拷貝Point1(0,y)=Point(0,y-1);Point1(nWidth+1,y)=Point(nWidth-1,y-1);for(x=0;xnWidth+2;x+)/最上邊和最下邊一行的拷貝Point1(x,0)=Point1(x,1);Point1(x,nHeight+1)=Point1(x,nHeight);BYTE*window=newBYTE9;for(y=0;ynHeight;y+)for(x=0;xnWid

37、th;x+)intk=0;for(inti=y;i=y+2;i+)for(intj=x;j=x+2;j+)if(k9)windowk+=Point1(j,i);for(intm二0;m5;+m)/求9個數(shù)的中值，window4為中值intmin二m;for(intn二m+1;n9;+n)if(windownwindowmin)min二n;/PutfoundminimumelementinitsplaceBYTEtemp二windowm;windowm二windowmin;windowmin二temp;Point(x,y)二window4;PutPoints(nWidth,nHeight,lpO

38、utput,lpPoints);/輸出lpPoints到lpOutputdeletelpPoints;voidCHistDemoADlg:OnBnClickedMedianfilter()/TODO:在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼if(lpBitmap=O)return;BYTE*lpOutput二newBYTEnByteWidth*nHeight;MedianFilter(nWidth,nHeight,lpBits,lpOutput);dest.Setlmage(nWidth,nHeight,lpOutput);/在中值濾波的區(qū)域顯示結(jié)果deletelpOutput;NoColor();/將原始圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成灰度圖像ClmageWnd.h類繼承自CWnd主要是圖像顯示方面的函數(shù)，如水平滾輪和垂直滾輪的事件函數(shù)，以及繪制函數(shù)OnPaintO,初始化函數(shù)等等，以及存放需要繪制的圖像信息的成員變量setlmage(),外接提供繪制的信息，通過參數(shù)傳遞給內(nèi)部的成員變量。#pragmaon