幫助犯論文：幫助犯 中止 有效性

1、幫助犯論文:幫助犯中止有效性【中文摘要】共同犯罪作為一種特殊的犯罪形態(tài)無論在刑法理 論還是在刑法實踐領(lǐng)域中都具有重要的地位也一直是學者們關(guān)注的 重點。然而，一直以來，對共同犯罪的研究都是圍繞共同正犯和教唆犯 展開的，對幫助犯的研究卻不夠深入，成果相對更少，只有劉凌梅老 師的博士論文對之作過專門研究其前其后都鮮有著作產(chǎn)生。犯罪中 止作為現(xiàn)代刑事立法中普遍設(shè)立的一種刑事制度它強調(diào)行為人主觀 方面的棄惡從善，而為犯罪行為人懸崖勒馬駕設(shè)了一座后退的“黃金 橋”。由于學者們對幫助犯研究的忽視幫助犯的中止問題更是鮮有人 提及,但在司法實踐中幫助犯在犯罪過程中自動中止犯罪的情況是大 量存在的，因此有必要對這

2、一問題作深入探討。幫助犯屬于共同犯罪 的范疇，幫助犯的性質(zhì)有從屬性、獨立性和二重性之說本文認為，幫 助犯既有從屬性的一面，也有獨立性的一面，但更側(cè)重于獨立性。幫助 犯中止問題屬于共同犯罪中止中的一個問題在共同犯罪中止的認定 上，國外主要存在著客觀主義、主觀主義及折衷主義三種主要觀點 這三種不同的理論在實踐中也都有不少國家采用它們從不同的角度 出發(fā)，各有利弊,相對而言，折衷主義認為應(yīng)從主客觀兩方面相結(jié)合來 認定共同犯罪中止問題的觀點較為科學。以折衷主義學說為基礎(chǔ)在 幫助犯中止的成立上，一般認為應(yīng)當符合時間性、自動性、有效性三 個條件，但對其中的時間性、自動性尤其是有效性的具體內(nèi)容又有很 大爭議。

3、本文著重對幫助犯中止的有效性進行了探討并借鑒國外準 中止和共犯脫離理論得出了幫助犯中止認定的三個標準：時間性一 一從幫助犯實施幫助行為開始至正犯犯罪既遂為止；自動性一一自 動中止犯罪；有效性一一阻止了既遂結(jié)果的發(fā)生或消除了對既遂結(jié)果 發(fā)生的原因力?？傮w而言本文從幫助犯的性質(zhì)及共犯中止的理論入 手,通過對幫助犯中止有效性的討論并在借鑒大陸法系國家有關(guān)共 同犯罪中的準中止理論和共犯脫離理論后全面分析了幫助犯中止的 成立條件、認定標準及法律后果對幫助犯中止理論和立法上的完善 提出了一些建議,以期為幫助犯中止理論研究作出自己微薄的貢獻?！居⑽恼緼s a special form of crime,

4、 the joint-crime has an important role both in criminal law theory and criminal law practice. It has been the focus of scholars. However, we study the crime has been around common perpetrator and instigator. The research of offenders who help is not enough and the results is less. Only my teacher Li

5、ngmei Liu s doctoral thesis made a special study of offenders who help. Before and after that very little work is produced. As a common penal system established in the modern criminal legislation, the suspension of crime emphasizes the evil become good in the subjective aspects. It sets up a driving

6、 back “golden bridge” for the perpetrator. Because scholars have ignored the study on offenders who help, the problem of the suspension of offenders who help is rarely mentioned. However, offenders who help automatic suspending the crime is abundance in judicial practice. Then it is necessary to mak

7、e a depth study on this issue.Offenders who help belong to a common concept of the joint-crime. The nature of offenders who help have the said of the guilty property, independenceand the duality. This paper argues that the nature of offenders who help have both property side and independent side, bu

8、t focus more on independence. The suspension of offenders who help is a problem of joint-crime. On identificating the suspension of joint-crime, the foreign key exists objectivism, subjectivism, and eclecticism of three main points. These different theories are adopted by many countries. They look a

9、t the issue from different perspectives, each has advantages and disadvantages. Relatively speaking, the eclectic view combines both subjective and objective to identify suspension of joint-crime. This view is more science. Based on the eclectic theory, we generally believe that suspension of offend

10、ers who help shall comply with the timeliness, arbitrary and effectiveness. But there is considerable controversy on the content of timeliness, arbitrary and effectiveness. This article focuses on stay of the effectiveness of offenders who help. And we learn from the foreign quasi-suspensionand an a

11、ccomplice theory, we have come to three criteria about suspension of help prisoners.1,Timeliness- start from offenders who help s implementation of the helping behavior, to implement crime accomplished.2, Arbitrary-automatic suspend the crime.3, Effectiveness- prevente the occurrence of the result a

12、ccomplished or eliminate the causes of the results.Overall, this paper starts from the nature of offenders who help and suspension of joint-crime. We study on the effectiveness of suspension of offenders who help and learn from the quasi-suspension and an accomplice theory in civil law countries. Th

13、is paper makes a comprehensive analysis of suspension of offenders who help of conditions of stay, assessment standards and the legal consequences.Andthis article will help the suspension of offenders who help perfect on the theory and legislation, putting forward some suggestions to make my modest

14、contribution.【關(guān)鍵詞】幫助犯中止有效性【英文關(guān)鍵詞】offenders who help suspension effectiveness【目錄】幫助犯中止問題研究摘要4-5 Abstract 5-6 引言9-11(1)研究的意義與選題背景9(2)文獻綜述與研究方法9(3)論文結(jié)構(gòu)安排9-111幫助犯的概念及性質(zhì)11-171.1幫助犯的基本概念11-131.1.1幫助犯11-121.1.2幫助故意和幫助行為12-131.2幫助犯的性質(zhì)13-171.2.1幫助犯性質(zhì)之爭13-151.2.2幫助犯性質(zhì)之我見15-172幫助犯中止的相關(guān)學說17-212.1幫助犯中止學說論爭17-192

15、.1.1客觀主義學說17-182.1.2主觀主義學說182.1.3折衷主義學說18-192.2幫助犯中止學說辨析19-213幫助犯中止的成立條件及法律后果21-313.1幫助犯中止的成立條件21-283.1.1幫助犯中止的時間性、自動性21-253.1.2對幫助犯中止有效性的討論25-283.2幫助犯中止的法律后果28-313.2.1對幫助犯的處罰28-293.2.2對中止犯的處罰293.2.3對幫助犯中止的處罰29-314幫助犯中止的認定31-414.1幫助犯中止的認定標準探討31-364.1.1準中止理論31-334.1.2共犯關(guān)系脫離理論33-354.1.3幫助犯中止的認定標準35-364.2幫助犯中止的具體認定36-394.2.1以幫助犯為視角36-384.2.2以幫助行為為視角38-394.3片面幫助犯的中止39-414.3.1片面幫助犯的性質(zhì)39-404.3.2片面幫助犯的中止40-415幫助犯中止完善的建議41-465.1幫助犯中止的理論完善41-425.1.1借鑒準中止犯理論41-425.1.2引入幫助犯脫離理