x省x市x縣x中學(xué)高中英語外研版選修導(dǎo)學(xué)案modulesmalltalk（period）

1、Period 3 Listening, Speaking, and Vocabulary, Function,Everyday English 課前預(yù)習(xí)：使用說明與學(xué)法指導(dǎo)：通過完成課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題復(fù)習(xí)與有關(guān)的詞匯。Words and expressionsembassy n.使館 reply n.回答，答復(fù)refund n.退款 tidy v.使整潔，整理 prize n.獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 form n.表格immigration n.移民 reception n.歡迎會(huì)，招待會(huì)visa n.簽證 application n. 申請certain pron. 某些 favor n.恩惠，照顧impo

2、lite adj.不禮貌的 genuine adj.純粹的，真實(shí)的secretive adj.隱藏的，秘而不宣的 hospitable adj.好客的，殷勤的 factual adj.實(shí)際的，事實(shí)的 violate v.騷擾，妨礙leave out 省去，刪去 talk about with 與討論be good at擅長于 be worried about 擔(dān)心我的疑問：課內(nèi)探究&檢測：Listening：1. Pre-listening: Read and match the conversations with the places. There is one extra place o

3、n page 5.2. While-listening: Answer some questions about the story1) Do the people both speak English as a first language?2) Why did the woman have problems understanding what the man was saying?3) How did the man help her to understand him better?Listen to the tape, and then fill in the blanks.M: W

4、onderful, arent they? F: Er . Im sorry? M: The cliffs. F: Oh yes, they are. M: _ _ _? F: _? M: I said, “Have you been to _ before?” F: Sorry, I couldnt hear what you said. No, this is my _ _. M: You must be very excited.F: Yes, I am. Very excited. M: _ _? F: Im really sorry. I didnt _ what you said.

5、 M: Sorry, _ _. I said, “Are you going to stay in England for a longtime?” F: Oh, no. Just _ _.M: Language course? F: Yes. M: Going _ _?F: Im going to study in Oxford. M: Oxford? F: Yes.M: Lovely place. Go there _ _. F: Sorry? Could you _ what you said? M: I go there a lot. F: Oh. M: Well, have a go

6、od time. F: Thank you. Er . excuse me? M: Yes? F: You _ _ _ so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to _ _ _ your voice. M: Oh. F: So it wouldnt have been _ _.課后反思: 課后訓(xùn)練：下一課時(shí)的課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題。課后學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：牢記本節(jié)課所學(xué)的詞匯、句型的用法。Period 4 Reading and Vocabulary 課前預(yù)習(xí)：使用說明與學(xué)法指導(dǎo)：通過完成課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題復(fù)習(xí)與有關(guān)的詞匯，并把課文通讀兩遍。一、x詞匯saleswoman n.

7、女銷售員 firm n.公司fax n.傳真（機(jī)） motto n.座右銘，格言shortcoming n.缺點(diǎn)，短處 absence n.缺乏，不存在outspoken adj.坦率的 systematic adj.非偶然的，經(jīng)常的coincidence n.巧合 customer n.顧客，客戶mature adj.成熟的 awkward adj.尷尬的tease v.戲弄，嘲弄 typist n.打字員contradict v.反駁 pregnant adj.懷孕的apology n.道歉，致歉 cautious adj.謹(jǐn)慎的，慎重的acquaintance n.熟人 messy ad

8、j.棘手的，難辦的divorce n.離婚，離異 fool n.傻瓜，笨蛋clerk n.職員，辦事員 haircut n.發(fā)型，發(fā)式anyhow adv.無論如何 modest adj.謙虛的，謙遜的brunch n.早午餐 anniversary n.周年紀(jì)念日hostess n.女主人 interrupt v.打斷factual adj.實(shí)際的，確實(shí)的 genuine adj.純粹的，真正的hospitable adj.好客的，殷勤的 secretive adj.隱藏的，秘而不宣的violate v.騷擾，妨礙 define v.解釋，給下定義graciously adv.優(yōu)雅地二、短語

9、翻譯 put ones foot in ones mouth 犯使人難堪的錯(cuò)誤 as a consequence 因此，結(jié)果human being 人類 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起來leave out 省去，刪去 (be) aware of 知道，意識(shí)到take the lead 帶頭，領(lǐng)先 show off 炫耀我的疑問：課內(nèi)探究&檢測：三、長難句結(jié)構(gòu)分析:1.The only problem is that Im not very good at small talk with people I dont knowIm always worried about saying t

10、he wrong thing or making people feel bored譯：_.2.Her motto was“Every time I open my mouth，I put my foot in it”譯：_.如：You dont have to look up every new word in the dictionary _讀文章時(shí)，你不必遇到生詞就去查詞典。 歸納總結(jié) 起連詞作用引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞短語：the+時(shí)間名詞：the second，the minute，the instant等 time類名詞短語：the firstlast time，eachevery

11、time，next time等 the+其他類時(shí)間名詞：the week，the year，the month等 3.It was no coincidence either that she wasnt a very good saleswoman 譯：_. 句中it為_，真正的主語是_。英語中，為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，習(xí)慣上用it作形式主語來代替后面 的從句。如：_a pity_ you didnt _ the film yesterday你昨天沒去看那部電影真遺憾。 _really surprising _ she _a man like that她嫁給那樣的男人真讓人驚訝。it作形式主語的常

12、見句型：It+be+形容詞(important，necessary)+主語從句 It+be+名詞詞組(a fact，a pity，a shame)+ 主語從句 It+be+過去分詞(said，believed，expected)+ 主語從句 It+不及物動(dòng)詞(seem，appear，happen)+主語從句 It+be+形容詞(easy，difficult，possible)(+forof sb)+動(dòng)詞不定式，4.The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought，and didnt think about what she said譯：

13、_.5.“No，I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us?！盓sther replied sweetly”譯：_.discourage sbfrom doing sth表示”_”。其反義詞組為_如：His parents tried to _an actor他的父母試圖阻止他當(dāng)演員。 The bad weather _the parade惡劣的天氣使大多數(shù)人放棄去參加游行。要點(diǎn)詞匯1. reply v./ n. 回答，回復(fù)；回信 reply to the letter 回信

14、make a/no reply 回答/未做回答 in reply to作為對的回應(yīng) a reply to 的答復(fù)1) I am wring in reply to your letter of 16 March. 3月16日的來信收悉，現(xiàn)回復(fù)如下。2) I asked him about her name, but he made no reply. 我問他她的名字，但他沒回答。2. absence n.缺乏，不存在，缺席，不在場 absentee 缺席者 in/during ones absence 在某人不在時(shí)（=in the absence of sb.） absence of mind

15、 心不在焉 have aabsence of 在缺乏 absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 absently adv. be absent from 缺席，不在absent-minded 心不在焉的，健忘的1）Students who are regularly absent from school will be punished. 經(jīng)常缺課的學(xué)生將受到懲罰。2）Absence of rain caused the plants to die. 雨水的缺乏使得植物枯死了。3）In the absence of any evidence，the police had to let Myers

16、 go. 警察沒有證據(jù)，只好把邁爾斯放了。4）I will look after your children in your absence. 你不在時(shí)，我來照看你的孩子。5）Because of his absence of mind，he lost the chance for an interview. 由于他的心不在焉，他失去了面試機(jī)會(huì)。3. apology n.道歉，謝罪 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼?accept ones apology 接受某人的道歉apologise v. 道歉，謝罪apologise to sb. for

17、（doing）sth. 因?yàn)椋ㄗ隽耍┠呈孪蚰橙说狼?）You should make an apology to me for your rudeness. 你應(yīng)該為你的粗魯向我道歉。2）Please accept our apology. 請接受我們的道歉。3）I will make no apology for repeating the question. 我不會(huì)為重復(fù)問題而道歉。4）Tom came to his teachers office and made an apology to his teacher for his being late for school. 湯姆來到老

18、師的辦公室為他的遲到而向老師道歉。5）Why didnt you apologise to your teacher for your being late for school？ 你為什么不因你的遲到而向老師道歉？4. interrupt v.中斷，插嘴 interruption n.中斷，打斷 interrupt & disturbinterrupt強(qiáng)調(diào)“中斷，暫?！?，可指通話、演講等。disturb強(qiáng)調(diào)“打擾，擾亂”，不一定要中斷，可指正在發(fā)生的事。如工作、休息、學(xué)習(xí)、睡眠、平靜等1）We have to _ you，your speech has gone beyond the tim

19、e limit. 我們不得不打斷您，您的演講超出了時(shí)間限制。2）Playing with mobile phones in class can _ other students study. 課堂上玩手機(jī)會(huì)打擾其他同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。3）A breeze _ the quietness of the lake. 微風(fēng)打破了湖面的平靜。4）Sorry to _ you，but your mother is waiting outside. 很抱歉打斷你，你母親在外面等著。5）She was _ by her mothers sudden illness. 她得知母親突然得病后心神不寧。5. as a co

20、nsequence 因此，結(jié)果be ready to take / suffer/bear the consequences of ones actions 準(zhǔn)備承擔(dān)自己行動(dòng)的后果 have far-reaching consequences for the countrys economy對產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響in consequence of 由于，因而in consequence 因此，由此 consequence n.影響，結(jié)果 consequent (on/upon sth) adj.由引起的，隨之發(fā)生的 The rise in prices consequent on the failu

21、re of the crops由于農(nóng)作物歉收而引起的物價(jià)上漲 consequently=as a result/ therefore adv. 所以，因而 My car broke down and consequently I was late.1) She was found guilty and lost her job in consequence of it. 譯：_.2) 對你重要嗎？譯：_.6. acquaintance n.(C )相識(shí)而非密友，泛泛之交1)He has a wide circle of acquaintances. 他交友甚廣。2)Shes an old ac

22、quaintance. 她是個(gè)老相識(shí)（我早就認(rèn)識(shí)她）。n.(U)對略微的了解(with)1)He has little acquaintance with the Japanese language. 他不太懂日語。2)The guide has some acquaintance with Italian. 導(dǎo)游懂得一點(diǎn)意大利語。 have a passing/nodding acquaintance with sth. 與有點(diǎn)頭之交make sbs acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb. 結(jié)識(shí)某人; 與某人相見on (further) acqua

23、intance 認(rèn)識(shí)了一段（較長）時(shí)間以後acquaint v. 使熟知, 通知 acquaint sb./oneself with sth =make sb./oneself familiar with or aware of sth. 使某人熟悉或了解某事物 acquainted adj. 有知識(shí)的, 知曉的 acquainted with sth. =familiar with sth 對某事物熟悉 acquainted (with sb) 對某人認(rèn)識(shí)的1) I have some acquaintance with the Russian. 我懂一點(diǎn)兒俄語。2) You will so

24、on become fully acquainted with the procedures. 你很快就會(huì)對這些程序完全熟悉了。3) Please acquaint me with the facts of the case. 請把這事的情況告訴我。4) I made his acquaintance at a party. 我是在一個(gè)聚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)他的。課后反思: 課后訓(xùn)練：1.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成下列句子。In the a_ of the manager, I shall be in charge of the company.2）The new store across from the

25、 street has taken away most of my c_, and it is a great loss to my store.3）The Finance Director was unable to attend the meeting and sent her a_.4）He was not my close friend; I made his a_ at a party last weekend.5）She is very m_ about her success though she had a drawer of medals.6）Next Monday is m

26、y parents 31st wedding a_.2.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1）He has little acquaintance _ Japanese, but he speaks English fluently.2）Some of the players may, _ occasion, break the rules.3）Employers may become overly cautious _ taking on new staff.4）May I ask a favor _ you? 5）Just think about what you went _ last time

27、you gave up smoking. 6）The rain discouraged us _ going out.3.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成下列句子，每空一詞。He didnt realize that he had _ (說錯(cuò)話).2）_ (缺少) sunlight made it difficult to take good pictures.3）_ (由于) smoking, my father coughs frequently.4）_ (真巧) he was born on his mothers birthday.5）I only ever use that machine

28、_(在特殊的場合) so its as good as new to me.6）She _ (漏掉) the date on the cheque when she filled in the form. 7）The dog may bite you if you _ (一直挑逗) it.8）Jim got an _(熱情接待) when he returned home.9）At the formal party John_ (看起來不自在) and out of place. 10）The job _ (包括國外旅行) for three months each year.課后學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：獨(dú)

29、立定時(shí)完成練習(xí)題并預(yù)習(xí)下一課時(shí)。Period 5 Reading Practice課前預(yù)習(xí)：使用說明與學(xué)法指導(dǎo)：通過完成課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題復(fù)習(xí)與有關(guān)的詞匯； 借助詞匯知識(shí)、課文及導(dǎo)學(xué)，理解例句并嘗試總結(jié)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu) 一.x單詞和短語hospitable adj. 好客的，殷勤的 graciously adv. 優(yōu)雅地violate v. 騷擾，妨礙，侵犯 genuine adj.純粹的，真實(shí)的factual adj.實(shí)際的，事實(shí)的 secretive adj.秘而不宣的，隱藏的define v.解釋，給下定義 leave out 省去，略去 (be) aware of 知道 take the lead

30、 帶頭，領(lǐng)先 show off 炫耀我的疑問 ：課內(nèi)探究&檢測：二. language points.1. If you are ever in New York, do call by and see us. 如果你到紐約了，可以順道訪問我們。 call by 順道訪問 call back 喊回, 叫轉(zhuǎn)來, 召喚, 消，收回, 回電話call for 請求, 要求, 號(hào)召, 招募，去接某人call on 訪問call at 訪問某地, ?？緼s I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the vill

31、age _ scenes of my childhood.Its the present situation in poor areas that _much higher spending on education and training.Did you tell Julia about the result?Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now.Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. 2. When

32、 someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the persons speaking may be. 一個(gè)人講話時(shí)，期盼著所有的人都聽，而不管這個(gè)人的講話多么的乏味。 no matter +疑問詞 或疑問詞+后綴ever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind. 不管發(fā)生什么，他不在意。注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。1）（錯(cuò)）No matt

33、er what you say is of no use now.（對）Whatever you say is of no use now. 你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。（Whatever you say是主語從句）2）（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given.（對）Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given. 囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。課后反思：課后訓(xùn)練：1.情景導(dǎo)學(xué)上的課后自在練習(xí)2.下一課時(shí)的課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題課后學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo): 牢記本節(jié)課所學(xué)的詞匯、句型的用法；熟讀課文。Period 6 Cul

34、tural Corner課前預(yù)習(xí)使用說明與學(xué)法指導(dǎo)：通過完成課前預(yù)習(xí)練習(xí)題復(fù)習(xí)與有關(guān)的詞匯。一.x單詞和短語circumstance n.情形，情況 purpose n.目的function n.功能 apologise v.道歉imagine v.想象 successful adj.成功的formula n.法則，原則 psychologist n.心理學(xué)家我的疑問：課內(nèi)探究&檢測：二Language points1. It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.據(jù)估計(jì)80% 的英語會(huì)話是聊天。

35、It is estimated that據(jù)估計(jì) it為形式主語, 真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有:It is said that 據(jù)說It is known that 眾所周知It is thought that人們認(rèn)為It is believed that人們相信It is hoped that人們希望It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道It is suggested that人們建議1） 人們希望中國隊(duì)贏得這場比賽。 It is hoped that the Chinese team will win the game.2） 人們建議召開會(huì)議來討論這些問題。 It i

36、s suggested that a meeting should be held to discuss the problems.3） 人們相信這項(xiàng)發(fā)明將造福于人類。It is believed that the invention will benefit the world.2. Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room。 設(shè)想一下兩個(gè)陌生人都認(rèn)識(shí)的人離開房間之后他們互相交談的情景。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句

37、, situation是先行詞.situation, case, point, internet, stage等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的詞作先行詞時(shí), 如果定語從句不缺少主要成分, 一般要用關(guān)系詞where來引導(dǎo)。1）He has got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. 他陷入一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的境地,飛機(jī)有可能失去控制。2）I can think of many cases where students knew a lot of English words and exp

38、ressions but couldnt write a good essay. 我能說出許多例子, (在這些例子中)學(xué)生掌握了很多英語詞匯和短語, 卻寫不出好文章。3）The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely. 治療要一直堅(jiān)持到病人能夠正常且安全地行走為止。imagine v. 想象，設(shè)想1）I cant imagine her marrying a man of that sort. 我無法想象她竟能嫁給那種人。2）Can yo

39、u imagine how much I was surprised? 你能想象我當(dāng)時(shí)是多么吃驚嗎3Whats the purpose of your visit to London ? 你為什么要參觀倫敦？purpose n.目的，意圖 on purpose 故意地 for the purpose of為了的目地課后反思: 課后訓(xùn)練：1The explorer got a disease for _of fresh vegetables and fruit Asake B1ack Cignorance Dbenefit2I was so familiar with her that I re

40、cognized her voice_ I picked up the phone Athe moment Bafter Cbefore Dwhile3Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are Awhere Bwhat Cwhen Dwhy4So sad did she look at the news that I didnt know _say to comfort her Awhat to Bhow to Cwhat can I Dhow can I5_ doesnt matter to me what y

41、ou do AIt B That CThis DWhat6_the differences in colors，languages and races，we share the charm and joy of the Olympic Games AThough BBecause of CIn spite of DIn addition to7Hey! Please do me _ favourI must get some money from _ATM machine Athe；a Ba；the Cthe；an Da；8一What should I do with the text?_ t

42、he topic sentence of each paragraph AFinding out BFound out CFind out DTo find out9一Did you see Janes new hairstyle? Its so ugly!一You really_Shes right behind youput your foot in it Bshut your mouth Cmade it Dhit the point10. 閱讀理解The idea of rain making is almost as old as man, but it was not until

43、1946 that man succeeded in making rain. In ancient(古代的) times, rainmakers claimed(聲稱) to be able to bring rain by many methods; dancing, singing, killing various kinds of living creatures (including humans), and blowing a stream of water into the air from a kind of pipe.More recently, some rainmaker

44、s claimed to make rain by shooting guns, causing explosions, or burning chemicals, the smoke of which was supposed to cause rain to fall. These rainmakers asked for as much as 1,000 dollars to make an inch of rain. One was so effective that he was almost hanged. He was believed to have caused a twen

45、ty-inch rain in southern California that flooded that land, killed several people, and did millions of dollars worth of damage.Before 1946, rainmakers were either liars or honest people who happened to have good luck. Scientific rain making was started in that year by Vincent J. Schaefer, a scientis

46、t at the laboratories of the General Electric Company in New York State. His success was the result of a lucky accident that changed years of failure into victory.1One rainmaker was almost hanged because _.Ahe did not make rain at all Bhe asked for too much moneyCpeople thought he caused too much ra

47、in Dhe killed several people2The underlined word liars means _.A.people who tell lies Btools used to make rain Cpersons who make rain Dpeople who have good luck3Which of the following methods can make rain?AKilling pigs and sheep. BBlowing a stream of water into the air from a kind of pipe.CShooting

48、 guns or causing explosions. DNone of the above is right.4Who was the first rainmaker succeeding in making rain?AThe one who caused a twenty-inch rain in southern CaliforniaBBefore 1946, a rainmaker who happened to have good luck.C. Vincent J. Schaefer, in 1946 DThe passage doesnt tell us his or her

49、 name.課后學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：獨(dú)立定時(shí)完成單元檢測套題。Module 2 Fantasy Literature單元學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Topic: fantasy literatureKey words: behave doubt hesitate awake marry punish appeal flesh power possessKey phrases: play a part in, come up to, keep ones eyes on, fix on, ahead of, set outGrammar Focus: Adverbial clauses with ingFunction: Te

50、lling a storyEveryday English: go on/ give me a moment/ See what I mean?/ fortunately/ Its your turn./Im stuck./ Look at the time.導(dǎo)學(xué)案 1 Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary (Pages15-17 )一、x詞匯vanish v. 消失 stupefied adj. 神志不清的，昏昏沉沉的 exhaustion n. 疲憊 clear v. 使清晰 tabby n.斑貓 rub v.摩擦，蹭 knuckle n. 指節(jié)，掌指關(guān)

51、節(jié) behave v. 表現(xiàn) longing n.渴望 scald n.熱淚盈眶 eventually adj. 最后 territory n.領(lǐng)地 patrol n. 巡邏 mouse-mice n.老鼠 pad n. 步行，放輕腳步走 bush n. 灌木 hornbeam n. 角樹 paw n. 爪子 pat n.輕打，輕拍 invisible adj. 看不見的 leap-leapt/leaped-leapt/leaped adj. 跳躍 backwards adv.向后arch n.拱起 fur n. 毛皮 tail n. 尾巴 stiffly adj. 僵硬地 alertly a

52、dj. 警覺地 approach n.靠近 spot n. 地點(diǎn)，污點(diǎn)v. 認(rèn)出 patch n.小塊，斑 hedge n. 灌木 alarm n.驚恐 sniff v. 聞，嗅，用鼻吸氣 whisker n.胡須 twitch v.抽動(dòng)，顫動(dòng) curiosity n. 好奇心 overcome v. 戰(zhàn)勝 wariness n. 謹(jǐn)慎，小心 blink v.眨眼睛 truck n. 樹干 investigate v. 調(diào)查 angle n. 角度 edge n. 邊緣 roughly adj. 大概地，粗略地square adj. 正方形的 n. 廣場 level n.水平 adj.同等高度

53、的 profoundly adv.深深地 alien adj. 完全陌生的，外來的entice v.吸引，誘使 stoop v. 彎腰 swim v. 頭昏眼花 thump v. 怦怦直跳 hesitate v. 猶豫 scramble v.爬，攀 fabric n. 結(jié)構(gòu) palm n. 棕櫚樹boulevard n. 林蔭大街 utterly adv. 完全地 beneath prep. 在之下 scent n. 氣味，香味prospect n. 景色，視野 slope n. 斜坡 parkland n. 公共綠地 grove n.樹叢gleam n. 亮光，反光 bare adj. 光禿

54、禿的 definitely n. 一定地 bend v.彎腰shudder n. 戰(zhàn)栗，發(fā)抖 dawning adj. 開始出現(xiàn)的 light-headedness n. 頭暈 dream v.做夢awake adj. 醒著的二、短語翻譯在起重要作用play an important part in 因疲勞、厭倦神志不清be stupefied with也許做過某事might have done 放下、記下put down伸出hold out/reach out 朝走過來 come up to走開 turn away 舉止奇怪behave curiously對視而不見be invisible

55、to 豎直, 連續(xù) on end 站著靜止不動(dòng)stand still 向擴(kuò)展sweep over注視、盯著看keep / fix ones eyes on 搜索、搜尋cast about看上去似乎look as if 在形狀上是方形的square in shape與等高be level with 沒有一絲疑惑without the slightest doubt發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正站在find oneself standing 排成一行 in a line彌漫在、充滿著 be laden with 在腳下 at the foot of 照在上shine down over 四處尋找look around

56、 for、三、長難句結(jié)構(gòu)分析:1. She reached out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her, something quite invisible to Will.something在句中作_, 與前邊的 something 是_關(guān)系.同位語是用來對名詞或代詞作進(jìn)一步的解釋,它可以是一個(gè)詞,短語或從句(同位語從句).Our monitor, Li Ming, went to the teachers office just now.The thought came to me that I would invite he

57、r to McDonalds.Have you heard the news that Mary has got a job?pat-patted-patted v.輕拍，愛撫The old man patted the boy on his head. ( )The old man patted the boy on the head. ( )pat/hit/strike/hold/seize/catch+某人+in/on/by+the+身體部位2. But this was the centre of a broad boulevard, and at the side of the bo

58、ulevard was a line of cafes and small shops./ Just beside him was that bare patch in the air, as hard to see from 這兩句話都使用了全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is

59、 your letter.2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首，謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。 Here he comes.Away they went.3. Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.本句為簡單句句中back arched and fur on end, tai

60、l held out stiffly為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，做伴隨狀語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)：（1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在（2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞短語等是主謂關(guān)系（3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句隔開（4）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可以改為狀語從句，并列句或分詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成：名詞主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Time permitting, we can finish the work.名詞主格代詞+過去分詞All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.名詞主格代詞+不