深圳博物館古代館英文講解詞

1、Ancient ShenzhenWelcome to the Exhibition Hall of Ancient Shenzhen.Today we are very glad to have you here.Shenzhen is a modern migrated city, but large numbers of relics excavated during special zone construction proves that Shenzhen also has a long history which can be dated back to 7000 years ago

2、.(Part 1)Xian Tou Ling Site is the earliest cultural site which has been found in Shenzhen so far. It is also the most important Middle Neolithic site found at the Pearl River Valley, which is almost at the same period as the civilization of the Hemudu culture. The excavation of Xian Tou Ling Site a

3、lso makes the earliest time of human action in Shenzhen date back to 7000 years ago.The objects on display are mainly pottery and stone. They have been excavated five times altogether from 1981 to 2006. Whats more, it was named one of 2006 Chinas top ten archaeological finds by Chinese archaeologica

4、l association and other units.Substantively, the painted pottery tray with ring foot unearthed at the Xiao Mei Sha Site which also belongs to the type of Xian Tou Ling Site is now one of the delicate heritages that have been found in the Pearl River Delta sites. This kind of mud and red pottery is b

5、adly water-proved. It is more like a primitive ceremony than cooking or eating utensil. It is speculated that it was used while sacrificing the Sea God over 6000 years ago.Stone bats were unearthed in the relics of Da Mei Sha neolithic dunes archaeological finds. It is the most integrative and delic

6、ate stone bat around the Pearl River Mouth. Some scholars think Stone bat is a tool used for making ceramic by the ancestor, which is used when flapping ceramic surface to make it compact and ordered. It can also make the grid and profile on the ceramic surface.This kind of pottery stove tool is the

7、 first one found in Guangdong. There are 9 pottery stove tools altogether that have been found. They are designed for the use of fire. Besides, it reflects the progress of cooking levels of human beings.This is the excavation scene of the tombs of Wu Bei Ling Site of the Shang Dynasty in Shenzhen. T

8、his tomb group is the largest tomb of Shang Dynasty unearthed in Ling Nan region so far. There are 94 tombs of Shang Dynasty altogether. It was named One of the top ten archaeological finds.The scenes of Expedition of Yue People: the indigenous residents living in this region were called Baiyue or a

9、ncient Yue people. They have the custom of cutting hair, making tattoo,cutting teeth and so on.This group of bronze weapons is cleared out in tombs during late Chunqiu Dynasty from Da Mei Sha, Yantian District. Unearthed bronzes includes Ge,Zu,Spear, Sword and Yue,among which weapons accounted for a

10、 large proportion. It proves the records in books that ancient Yue people were fond of wars.In 1987, Dieshi Mountain Site in the warring states which is 2250 years ago from now was unearthed in Xili Town Shenzhen. Among them, there are four iron hammers, which improves that people in lingnan region

11、may start to use iron tool in the warring states.Ceramic manufacturing technology has reached a very high level during the warring states period, even large pottery jar with f or double f and large pottery earthen urn with 米pattern appeared.(Part 2)In the 33th year of Qin Dynasty (B.C. 214 ), Qin un

12、ified lingnan and set up Nanhai, Guilin, Xiangjun. Shenzhen belongs to Nanhai Panyu County. In the sixth year of Hanyuanding, Hanwudi conquered South Vietnam and Shenzhen was reverted under charge of Nanhai Prefecture.What is worth mentioning is a piece of brick with inscription showing the multipli

13、cation, which was unearthed in No.3 East Han Dynasty Tomb found in Nantou Red Garden. It was carved by craftsmen when the brick was still not dry. Its content is multiplication from two multiples nine is eighteen to nine multiples nine is eighty-one. This kind of inscriptions on bricks is also first

14、 found in China. It was also certified by the experts as the most precious national treasures. What we can learn is that the application of multiplication inscription has been spread in Southern China 1700 years ago.The prefecture of Nanhai was divided and the prefecture of Dongguan was set up in th

15、e sixth year of Xianhe (A.D. 331). Dongguan Prefecture has six counties including Baoan. The way of prefecture management and county management both appeared at the place which is now Nantou. it starts the history of Shenzhen. From this projection, the city of Shenzhen has a history of nearly 1700 y

16、ears.(Part 3)Marine economy: Nantou in ShenZhen is called as the gateway of oversea transportation of GuangDong province because the large commercial ships will must take the main channel which means they ferry into Pearl river by the way of Nantou and Humen so that reaching Guangzhou.In order to ke

17、ep away from the pirate and secure the ships going-in and out back and forth the Pearl river, in the year of 736 A.D, Tang dynasty government settle a Tunmen military town of 2000 soldier in Nantou.These two rust color-painted Mui bottle unearthed in a Yuan dynasty Tomb of Houhai of Nantou. The oran

18、ge embryo is painted by different kinds of brown pattern. The main profile in the middle is peony tattoo and decorated by grass and lotus design on the upper and lower side, there are a pairs of Yokonuki ears on the side of the bottle. This Mui bottle is shaped delicate and decorated beautiful and b

19、right. Bases on the history rearch, it is a rare ceramic local product of Kang kiln in Guangdong.Pearl fishing: the coastal area is rich in pearl, for the sake of this, the government in South-Han period set a special pearl-fishing organization nearby Da Pu sea area in Hongkong nowadays, which is ca

20、lled as Mei Chuang Du, it is an informal military organization.According to the history record, there were 50 00 soldier recruited in “Mei Chuang Du”. When they are fishing pearl, they must dive into the deep sea with stone tied on foot and rope on the body. It is common seen that someone was drowne

21、d due to the high risk and labor intensity. This image light box reappear us the miserable pearl-fishing scene at that time.(photo) this is artificial pearl-breeding field, Da peng long qi dong shan pearl-breeding field.Salt-refining: salt-refining is one of the most important activities in ancient

22、Shenzhen. From the Tang and Song dynasty on, the salt-making industry in the area of Shenzhen and Hongkong continue to develop and reach a high peak during Song dynasty. In this period the government set up five salt fields successively which are Dongguan field, Guide field, Huangtian field,Guanfu f

23、ield and Diefu field.(this is salt field distributed map of Shenzhen and Hongkong area in Song dynasty)This is making salt scene at that time.( the steps of refining salt is: slush and splash water, scatter ash and burry the salt, water the sand and refine bittern. There are two kinds of salts: one

24、is raw salt refined under sunshine and the other is cooked salt from cooking. )Cellar hiding coins: there were 4000 kilo bronze coins of Song dynasty excavated in shapuwei county, Songgang town in the year of 1996 which indirectly reflect Shenzhen region swarming with merchants at that time.Skimmia

25、japonica incense: this is another specialties of Shenzhen and came from a kind of tree named Mixiang tree, it has another name agila wood because the wood is made up of aromatic grease and weight increased so that it can sink in the water. According to research, the Chinese name of Hong Kong, Xiangg

26、ang, which means fragrant harbor that is relative to this tree. Because Hong Kong is a hub transporting Mixiang tree to somewhere else before the middle period of Qing dynasty, and vessels back and forth can smell the scent so this island was called as fragrant island, and to the whole area asfragra

27、nt harbor, the Chinese name of Hong Kong.Fishery: fishery is a major industrial trade in history of local economy. There are many islands and harbors nearby Shenzhen and Hong Kong, from of old, there are a group of aborigines earn their living by fishery, the ship is their house and fishing is their

28、 job, we named this houseless aquatic group as“Dan people” in the past. This is a traditional girl image of “Dan peopleBig iron bell is collected in Kwai Chung Hung Shing Temple and cast in Qing Dynasty Char 21.Oyster Rearing: this displays the scene of people cultivating oyster in shallow sea. Due

29、to the deep and mud oyster field which go against walking, this invention is helpful to taxing on the field and increase productivity.(Part 4)An Important Strategic Town on Coastal DefencePlease see this sand table.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the southeast coast was frequently invaded and harasse

30、d by Wokou(Japanese pirates),western invaders and pirates,and Guangdong coast was among the most serious regions.The Imperial court deployed coastal garrison such as Wei(a military garrison),Suo(sub-division of a military garrison)and naval battalions,and built defense works like forts,watchtowers a

31、nd military camp etc.This is the scene of Tunmen Sea Battle.Tunmen Sea Battle was the first incident in history of beating back the western invasion. At the beginning of the 16th century,new sailing routes to the east were found.Some western countries began to expand their colonies by piracy.In the

32、Zhengde Period of the Ming Dynasty,with the excuse of promoting trade relations,Portugal colonists at Tunmen as a footstep,and invaded Nantou with their feet.In the 16th year of Zhengde Period(1521)and the 1st year of Jiajing Period(1522),Wanghong,officer of the petrolling force of Guangdong Provinc

33、e,led the soldiers and people of Shenzhen to fight against the Portuguese at Tunmen(Shenzhen Bay today)and Xicao Bay(Tsuen Wan ofHong Kong today).After losing two warships,the Portuguese fled.This way please.After the organization system of county was dissolved in the middle of the Tang Dynasty,Shen

34、zhen region went to the jurisdiction of Dongguan County.It was great limit for Shenzhen regions development.In the 1st year of Wanli Period(1573A.D.),with the name of Xinan,which mean “change from old to new,convert from dangerous to saf e”. Region of Xinan County included most region of Shenzhen to

35、day,all the region of Hong Kong and part of Dongguan City.This is the map of region of Xinan county in Ming Dynasty.This way please.At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,in order to prevent people of southeast coast to support Zhen Chenggongs force in Taiwan to fight against the Qing Government,the i

36、mperial court ordered the people of the southeast coast to move 80 li landward.It was big disaster for Xinan county people.In the 8th year of Kangxi Period(1689A.D.),the imperial court gave the order to abolish the Edict of the Coastal Evacuation.People were allowed to go back to their homeland along the coast,and Xinan County was restored then.Since many peop