國際貨運保險

1、Chapter 10International Cargo Transportation Insurance 國際貨運保險Learning Objectives1. To realize the perils and losses in ocean transportation;2. To learn the coverage of the Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of CIC（中國保險條款）;3. To learn the coverage of Institute Cargo Clause（協(xié)會貨物條款）;4. To understand the ways o

2、f stipulating insurance clause in Sales (or Purchase) Contract; 5. To understand the import and export insurance practice in China. 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation海洋運輸中的風險和損失Risks of cargo transportation海洋運輸貨物保險保障的風險Perils of the Sea海上風險Natural Calamity 自然災害Fortuitous Accident 意外事故Extra

3、neous Risk外來風險General extraneous risk 一般外來風險Special extraneous risk 特殊外來風險 Perils of the Sea（海上風險）Perils of the sea refer to risks which occur at sea,or at the place where the ocean and land,or the ocean and the inland river,or the ocean and the lighter are connected. 海上風險也稱海難，是指海上航行中發(fā)生以及海上與陸上、內(nèi)河或駁船

4、相連接的地方所發(fā)生的自然災害或意外事故。 Perils of the Sea（海上風險）Perils of the sea include: 1. Natural Calamity (自然災害). Natural calamities are caused by the forces resulting from the changes of natures. E.g. bad weather, thunder and lightening, drift ice, earthquake, flood, tsunami, etc.自然災害是指自然界的力量所造成的災害，它一般是人力無法抗拒的。如惡

5、劣氣候、雷電、浮冰、地震、洪水、海嘯等。2. Fortuitous Accident (意外事故). The accident caused by external, haphazard, unexpected reason. E.g. Stranded, Grounded, Sunk, Capsized, Collision, Fire, Explosion, etc. 意外事故是指由于外來的、偶然的、非意料中的原因所造成的事故。如擱淺、觸礁、沉沒、傾覆、碰撞、失火、爆炸等。Extraneous Risk（外來風險）Extraneous risks are the risks except

6、sea risk.外來風險是指海上風險以外的其他外來原因的風險。Extraneous risks must be accidental, occasional, hard to prevent, and caused by external reasons.外來風險必須是意外的、偶然的、難以預防的，而且必須是外部因素導致的。Extraneous Risk（外來風險）Extraneous risks include: 1. General extraneous risks include theft, shortage, fresh or rain water damage, leakage,

7、breakage, sweating and heating, intermixture and contamination, odour, hook damage, breakage of packing, rusting, etc. 一般外來風險是指一般外來的因數(shù)所致的損失，通常包括偷竊、短量、淡水雨淋、滲漏、破碎、受潮受熱、混雜、沾污、串味、鉤損、包裝破裂和銹損風險等。 2. Special extraneous risks are often related to politics, military affairs, convulsions and international pol

8、icy, laws, etc. E.g. war, strike, failure to deliver, rejection, seizure, etc. 特殊外來風險是指一般外來風險以外的其他外來因素所致的貨物損失，它往往是與政治、軍事、社會動蕩以及國際行政措施、政策法令等有關的風險。如戰(zhàn)爭, 罷工, 交貨不到，拒收，進口國有關當局拒絕進口或沒收等。Ocean average and charges (海上損失和費用）Average (海損) means loss sustained in sea transportation. 海損, 又稱海上貨物運輸?shù)膿p失，指貨物在海運過程中由于海上風

9、險而造成的損失。海上損失和費用，是指被保險人因被保險貨物在運輸途中遭遇海上風險而造成的損失和引起的費用。通常表現(xiàn)為兩種形式：（1）貨物本身遭到損壞和滅失的損失；（2）為營救貨物而支出的費用。The losses guaranteed by insurance 海洋運輸貨物保險保障的損失The losses guaranteed by insurance 海洋運輸貨物保險保障的損失Partial loss 部分損失Total loss 全部損失Actual Total loss 實際全損Constructive Total loss 推定全損General Average 共同海損Particu

10、lar Average 單獨海損Total Loss (全部損失)Total Loss means all the goods insured suffered loss. 全部損失簡稱全損，是指整批或不可分割的一批保險貨物全部滅失或可視同全部滅失的損失。Total Loss includes: Actual Total Loss（實際全損）Constructive Total Loss（推定全損）Actual Total Loss（實際全損）Actual total loss means that the subject matter insured is destroyed, or so

11、damaged as to cease to be a thing of the kind insured, or where the assured is irretrievable deprived thereof. 實際全損也稱絕對全損，是指保險標的發(fā)生保險事故后滅失，或者受到嚴重損壞完全失去原有形體、效用，或者不能再歸被保險人所用。E.g.貨物沉沒海底無法打撈；水泥被水浸泡后變質(zhì)、完全喪失原有用途；貨物無法挽回地全部被海盜劫走等。Constructive Total Loss（推定全損）There is a constructive total loss where the subje

12、ct matter insured is reasonable abandoned on account of its actual total loss appearing to be unavoidable, or because it could not be preserved from actual total loss without an expenditure which would exceed the value when the expenditure had been incurred. 推定全損是指被保險標的物發(fā)生事故后，雖然沒有完全滅失，但對其進行救助或修理的費用估

13、計要超過保險價值，于是對此貨推定為全損。Constructive Total Loss（推定全損）Where there is a constructive total loss, the assured may either treat the loss as a partial loss, or treat the loss as if it were an actual total loss. Where the assured elects to abandon the subject matter insured to the insurer, he must give notice

14、 of abandonment (委付通知). If he fails to do so, the loss can only be treat as a partial loss. 委付：指被保險人表示愿意將保險標的的一切權利和義務轉移給保險人，并要求保險人按全部損失賠償?shù)囊环N行為。委付必須經(jīng)保險人同意后方能生效。委付一經(jīng)保險人接受，不得撤回。Partial Loss（部分損失）Partial loss is any loss other than a total loss. 部分損失是指保險標的物的損失沒有達到全部損失的程度。There are tow types of partial l

15、oss: (1) General average loss （共同海損） ； (2) Particular average loss （單獨海損） 。General Average Loss （共同海損）General average means the extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril of the ship, goods or ot

16、her property involved in a common maritime adventure. 共同海損，是指在同一海上航程中，船舶、貨物和其他財產(chǎn)遭遇共同危險，為了共同安全，有意地合理地采取措施所直接造成的特殊犧牲、支付的特殊費用。Loss or damage sustained by the ship or goods through delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, such as demurrage and loss of market as well as other indirect losses, shall

17、not be admitted as general average. 無論在航程中或者在航程結束后發(fā)生的船舶或者貨物因遲延所造成的損失，包括船期損失和行市損失以及其他間接損失，均不得列入共同海損。When a ship, after having been damaged in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances, shall have entered a port or place of refuge or returned to its port or place of loadi

18、ng to effect repairs which are necessary for the safe prosecution （進行） of the voyage, then the port charges paid； the wages and maintenance of the crew incurred； and the fuel（燃料） and stores （物料） consumed during the extra period of detention （停留） in such port or place； as well as the loss or damage a

19、nd charges arising from the discharge （卸載）, storage （貯藏）, reloading （重裝）and handling （處理 / 搬移）of the goods, fuel, stores and other property on board in order to have the repairs done shall be allowed as general average. （海商法）Criteria of a general average act (共同海損必須具備的條件）（1）ExtraordinaryFor there to

20、 be a general average loss, there must be an “extraordinary” sacrifice or expenditure which is made for the benefit of all the parties to the common adventure. 所做的犧牲具有特殊性，支出的費用是額外的，是為了解除危險，而不是由危險直接造成的。E.g. An abnormal user of the engines and an abnormal consumption of coal in endeavoring to refloat

21、（使再浮起）a steamship stranded （擱淺）in a position of peril is an extraordinary sacrifice and an extraordinary expenditure. A mere extra user of coal, however, in order to accelerate the speed of a vessel would not be a general act. Criteria of a general average act (共同海損必須具備的條件）（2） Voluntarily and reason

22、ably made“Voluntarily made” means that the action of making a sacrifice is intentionally made on willingness rather than on the orders of others. “Reasonably made” means that the master of vessel（船長） must act reasonably when making a sacrifice for which others will eventually be partly liable. 船方所采取

23、的措施，必須是為了解除船、貨的共同危險，有意識而且是合理的。CASE STUDY (pp.269)An arrangement existed between two shipping companies, Company A and Company B. This arrangement was such that, should either companys vessels need assistance, the other company would provide that assistance for a fixed fee of $3500. Thus, when the st

24、eamship A ran agroud (擱淺) in the river, the steamship B came to her assistance and towed（拖行） her off for the fixed sum previously agreed.When Company A, sought to recover from the cargo-owners in general average, the cargo-owners objected to the payment, as they contended that the price had been fix

25、ed by the owners and not the master, and that the fee was unreasonable. Criteria of a general average act (共同海損必須具備的條件）(3) In time of perilA loss may be claimed in general average act which caused that loss was carried “in time of peril”. The peril must be real and actually exist. 導致共同海損的危險必須是真實存在的或

26、不可避免的。CASE STUDY (pp.269)Shipping Company A shipped a number of barrels of rosin (樹脂）aboard the steamship. During the voyage, the captain thought he saw what was later proved mistakenly smoke issuing from a cargo hold, and, as a result, had high pressure steam directed down the hatch （艙口）in order to

27、 extinguish the supposed fire. In the process, the rosin was damaged and a claim was loaded against their insurers for a general average loss. The underwriters declined payment, on the basis that no peril actually existed, therefore, they were not liable. Criteria of a general average act (共同海損必須具備的

28、條件）(4) Be successful The actions of the ships master should be successful in saving the voyage. If, however, making the general average sacrifice or expenditure, no property in the venture is saved, there would be no forthcoming contributions, because nobody has benefited from the general average ac

29、t. 犧牲和費用的支出最終必須是有效的，也就是說經(jīng)過采取某種措施后，船舶和/或貨物的全部或一部分最后安全抵達航程的終點港或目的港，從而避免了船貨同歸于盡的局面。General average contribution （共同海損分攤）Where there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled to a ratable (按比例的）contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is called a gene

30、ral average contribution （共同海損分攤）. 根據(jù)慣例，共同海損的犧牲和費用，應由受益各方按最后獲救的價值多寡，按比例進行分攤。這種分攤稱之為共同海損分攤。Particular average loss (單獨海損)If the damage is accidentally occasioned（引起） by some perils insured against, and not by the deliberate（有意的） act of a person for the common benefit, that loss must be sustained（承受）

31、exclusively by the person upon whom the damage falls and is termed a particular average. 單獨海損是指除共同海損以外的部分損失。這種損失僅屬于特定利益方，并不涉及其他貨主和船方。該損失僅由各受損者單獨承擔。Difference between General Average and Particular Average 共同海損與單獨海損的比較Common point：both belong to partial loss. Difference：造成損失的原因不同： 共同海損(General Averag

32、e) 是由主觀采取的措施直接造成; 單獨海損(Particular Average) 則是客觀的自然災害或意外事故直接造成。損失的承擔方不同：共同海損由獲救受益方分擔；單獨海損則由受損者單獨承擔。CASE STUDY 某貨輪從天津新港駛往新加坡，在航行途中船舶貨艙起火，大火蔓延至機艙，船長為了船貨的共同安全決定采取緊急措施，往艙中灌水滅火。火雖被撲滅，但由于主機受損，無法繼續(xù)航行，于是船長決定雇傭拖輪將貨船拖回新港修理，檢修后重新駛往新加坡。其中的損失與費用有：（1）1000箱貨被火燒毀；（2）600箱貨由于灌水受到損失；（3）主機和部分甲板被燒壞；（4）拖輪費用；（5）額外增加的燃料、船長及

33、船員工資。請指出這些損失中哪些是單獨海損，哪些是共同海損？（1）1000箱貨被火燒毀，屬單獨海損；（2）600箱貨中已燃的40箱為單獨海損，其余560箱由于灌水造損失屬共同海損；（3）主機和部分甲板被燒壞，屬單獨海損；（4）拖輪費用以及（5）額外增加的燃料、船長及船員工資都屬共同海損。 Sue and labor expenses 施救費用Sue and labor expenses are extraordinary expenditures made in time of peril to avert or minimize any loss of or damage to the sub

34、ject matter insured. Expenses incurred for suing and laboring are recoverable. 施救費用是指保險標的在遭遇保險責任范圍內(nèi)的災害事故時，被保險人或其代理人、雇傭人員和保險單受讓人對保險標的所采取的各種搶救、防止或減少貨損的措施而支出的合理費用。保險人對這種施救費用負責賠償。General average v.s. Sue and labor expensesUnlike general average, sue and labor expenses are not something that are carried

35、out for the benefit of a common adventure, but what are carried out specifically for the singular benefit of the subject matter insured. 共同海損是由于挽救船舶、貨物和其他財產(chǎn)的共同危險而導致的；而施救費用僅僅是為了挽救保險標的物而產(chǎn)生的。Salvage Charges （救助費用）Salvage charges means charges recoverable by salvor (打撈人員） independently of contract. 救助費用

36、指保險標的遭遇保險責任范圍內(nèi)的災害事故時，由保險人和被保險人以外的第三者采取了救助措施并獲得成功而向其支付的報酬。保險人對這種費用也負責賠償。Extraneous Losses 外來風險的損失Extraneous losses refer to losses outside ocean average and charges, including losses caused by general extraneous risks and special extraneous risks. 外來風險的損失是指由海上風險以外的其他外來風險所造成的損失。按不同的原因，又可分為一般外來風險的損失和特殊

37、外來風險的損失。一般外來風險的損失是指在運輸途中由于偷竊、短量、鉤損、碰損、雨淋、玷污等一般外來風險所致的損失。特殊外來風險的損失是指由于政治、軍事、社會動蕩以及國際行政措施、政策法令等，如戰(zhàn)爭, 罷工, 交貨不到，拒收等特殊外來風險所造成的損失。2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of CIC我國海洋運輸貨物保險的險別與條款Introduction of the insurance coverage of marine cargo transport海洋運輸貨物保險險別介紹Basic risks主 要 險 別/基本險 additional Risks附 加 險別 re

38、sponsibilities and time limit of insurance保險的責任期限the exclusion of basic coverage基本險別的除外責任F.P.A平安險W.P.A水漬險 All risks一切險 General additional risks一般附加險Special Additional risks特別附加險About CIC (中國保險條款）China Insurance Clauses,or CIC (“中國保險條款”) was constituted in 1972 and revised in 1976 and 1981 by the Peo

39、ples Insurance Company of China (PICC, 中國人民保險公司).CIC 將海運貨物保險險別分為基本險和附加險兩類。Additional risks cannot be covered independently and should go with basic risks. 基本險可以單獨投保，而附加險不能單獨投保，只有在投保某一種基本險的基礎上才能加保附加險。Free from Particular Average（FPA）平安險FPA is a limited form of cargo insurance cover under which partia

40、l loss or damage resulted from natural calamities is not recoverable, unless theses natural calamities occur before or after fortuitous accidents. 平安險, 亦稱“單獨海損不賠險”, 承保的范圍包括：由于自然災害和意外事故所導致的貨物的全部損失或推定全損 ，被保貨物用駁船運往或遠離海輪時，每一駁船所裝貨物可視為一整批；由于運輸工具遭受意外事故造成貨物的全部或部分損失；在運輸工具已經(jīng)發(fā)生意外事故的情況下，貨物在此前后又在海上遭受自然災害所造成的部分損失

41、；在裝卸或轉運時由于一件或數(shù)件整件貨物落海造成的全部或部分損失；共同海損的犧牲、分攤以及救助費用、施救費用等，但以不超過該批被救貨物的保險金額為限；運輸工具遭難后，在避難港由于卸貨所引起的損失以及在中途港、避難港由于卸貨、存?zhèn)}以及運送貨物所產(chǎn)生的特別費用等。CASE STUDY判斷下列各題若投平安險是否賠償？1、運輸貨物的船舶在運輸途中觸礁，海水涌進船艙，將甲商人的5000公噸貨物浸泡2000公噸。賠償2000公噸2、貨物在運輸途中遭遇惡劣天氣，海水涌進船艙，將乙商人6000公噸貨物浸泡3000公噸。不予賠償CASE STUDY3、貨物運輸途中遭遇惡劣天氣，海水涌進船艙，將丙商人6000公噸貨

42、物全部浸泡。賠償6000公噸4、貨物運輸途中遭遇惡劣天氣，海水涌進船艙，將丁商人的6000公噸貨物，浸泡3000公噸之后又觸礁，海水涌進船艙，貨物又被浸泡1000公噸。賠償4000公噸With particular average (WPA) / With Average (WA) 水漬險 WPA is a wider cover than FPA. It includes all the risks in FPA. In addition, it includes the partial loss caused by abominable climate, thunder, tsunami,

43、 earthquake and flood. 水漬險的承保責任范圍除包括上述平安險的各項責任外，保險人還負責被保險貨物由于惡劣氣候、雷電、海嘯、地震、洪水等自然災害所造成的部分損失。All Risks (一切險) All Risks is the most comprehensive of the 3 basic coverages under which the insurer is responsible for all total or partial loss of, or damage to the goods insured either arising from sea peri

44、ls or general external causes. 一切險承保責任范圍除包括水漬險的各項承保責任外，保險人還負責被保險貨物在運輸途中由于一般外來風險所致的全部或部分損失。 However, All Risks does not cover loss, damage or expense caused by delay, inherent vice (固有的缺陷）or nature of the goods, or special external risks of war, strike, etc. Warehouse to warehouse clause (W/W clause)

45、 倉至倉條款 W/W clause means insurance coverage of risks to a shipment of goods from the time the goods leave the warehouse for commencement（開始） of transit（運輸） and continue during ordinary course of transit until delivered to final warehouse at destination； or until the expiration of 60 days as of the mo

46、ment of the insured goods are unloaded (if the shipment fails to reach the aforesaid warehouse), but with exception that the goods be transported to other place of destination not indicated on the insurance documents. CASE STUDY （pp. 272-273)In 1986, Company A in Gansu Province entrusted(委托）Company

47、B in Tianjin to import experimental equipment from Country S. The goods were covered against All Risks with the PICC, Tianjin Branch. When the goods were unloaded at the port of Xingang, Tianjin on Dec. 19, 1986, Company B found that one case with voltage transformer (變電器）inside was seriously damage

48、d. On March 19, 1987, the goods were transported from the Tianjin railway station to Lanzhou. Gansu Research Institute issued an inspection report, stating that the voltage transformer was completely written off. CASE STUDY （pp. 272-273)Company B then made a claim against PICC, Tianjin Branch. Howev

49、er, the PICC replied that according to the W/W clause, the insurers liability terminated at the moment when the goods arrived at Tianjin railway station. Company B argued that the place of termination of insurance coverage should be Lanzhou railway station instead of Tianjin railway station. PICC re

50、plied that the duration has been longer than that provided in the W/W clause. The goods were unloaded on Dec. 19, 1986, and were not transported until March 10th, 1987. Thus, the importer failed to get compensation for the damage of the shipment. CASE STUDY1997年，中方A公司向香港出口一批共500箱罐頭，向人保投保一切險。由于提單上未注明

51、詳細的收貨人地址，貨到目的港船方無法通知收貨人提貨，便自行決定將貨物運回天津新港。在運回途中由于輪船滲水，229箱罐頭被海水浸泡。寫明收貨人地址后再次運至香港，進口方只收取未生銹的271箱貨物，其余又被運回新港。保險公司是否應該賠償？Additional Risks附加險是對基本險的補充和擴大。附加險承保的是除自然災害和意外事故以外的各種外來原因所造成的損失。Additional risks can be divided into general additional risks (一般附加險) and special additional risks (特殊附加險) according to

52、 C. I .C (中國保險條款). General additional risks (一般附加險)一般附加險有下列11種險別：(1) Theft，Pilferage and Non-delivery Risk (TPND) 偷竊、提貨不著險；(2) Fresh Water and Rain Damage Risk (FWRD) 淡水雨淋險；(3) Clash and Breakage Risk 碰損、破碎險; (4) Leakage Risk 滲漏險；(5) Shortage Risk 短量險 : it covers the shortage of weight for the goods

53、 due to the external packing broken, but not covers normal shortage of weight in transit. (承保貨物在運輸途中由于外包裝破裂或散裝貨物重量短缺造成的損失 ，但不包括正常的途耗。）General additional risks (一般附加險)(6) Intermixture and Contamination Risk 混雜、沾污險；(7) Taint of 0dour Risk 串味險 ；(8) Sweating and Heating Risk 受潮受熱險 ；(9) Rust Risk 銹損險; (1

54、0) Breakage of Packing Risk 包裝破裂險 ；(11) Hook Damage Risk 鉤損險.General additional risks cannot be covered independently and should go with FPA or WPA. They are included in All Risks coverage. Special additional risks (特殊附加險)Special additional risks cover the damage or losses arising from special addit

55、ional reasons such as political events, military affairs, national policies and acts, and administrative measures. Special additional coverage are usually taken out together with FPA, WPA and All Risks. There are 8 kinds of special additional risks: Special additional risks (特殊附加險)(1) War Risk 戰(zhàn)爭險 :

56、 負責賠償直接由于戰(zhàn)爭、類似戰(zhàn)爭行為和敵對行為、武裝沖突或海盜行為所致的損失，以及由此而引起的捕獲、拘留、禁止、扣押所造成的損失。還負責各種常規(guī)武器所致的損失以及由上述責任范圍引起的共同海損的犧牲、分攤和救助費用。但對使用原子或熱核武器所造成的損失和費用不負賠償責任。戰(zhàn)爭險的保險責任起迄是以水上危險（waterborne)為限，即從貨物裝上海輪或駁船時開始至貨物運抵目的港卸離海輪為止。如果不卸離海輪，則以貨物到達目的港當日午夜起15天為限。Special additional risks (特殊附加險)(2) Strike Risk 罷工險 : 對被保險貨物由于罷工、工人被迫停工或參加工潮、暴

57、動等人員的行動所造成的直接損失，及由此而引起的共同海損的犧牲、分攤和救助費用負責賠償。但對罷工期間由于勞動力短缺所造成的被保險貨物的損失不負賠償責任。按國際慣例，已投保戰(zhàn)爭險后另加保罷工險，不另增收保險費。 (3) Failure to Deliver Risk 交貨不到險 : 對不論由于何種原因，從被保險貨物裝上船舶時開始，不能在預定抵達目的地的日期起6個月內(nèi)交貨的，負責按全損賠償。Special additional risks (特殊附加險)(4) Import Duty Risk 進口關稅險: 當被保險貨物遭受承保范圍內(nèi)的損失，而被保險人扔須按完好貨物價值完稅時，保險公司對損失部分貨物

58、的進口關稅負責賠償。(5) On Deck Risk 艙面險 : 對被保險貨物存放艙面時，除按保險單所載條款負責外，還包括被拋棄或被風浪沖擊落水在內(nèi)的損失。(6) Rejection Risk 拒收險 : 對被保險貨物在進口港被進口國政府或有關當局拒絕進口或沒收，按貨物的保險價值負責賠償。Special additional risks (特殊附加險)(7) Aflatoxin Risk 黃曲霉素險 :對被保險貨物因所含黃曲霉素超過進口國的限制標準，被拒絕進口、沒收或強制改變用途而遭受的損失負責賠償。Link：有些食品由于存放不當會發(fā)生霉變，凡是霉變的食品都有可能存在黃曲霉素。霉菌易在糧食、油

59、類及其制品和堅果上生長，其中花生及其制品中黃曲霉素的含量最高。 黃曲霉素是目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的化學致癌物中最強的物質(zhì)之一，主要損害肝臟并有強烈的致癌、致畸、致突變作用。Special additional risks (特殊附加險)(8) Fire Risk Extension Clause For Storage of Cargo at Destination Hong Kong, inc1uding Kowloon，or Macao (簡稱FREC)：出口貨物到香港(包括九龍在內(nèi))或澳門存?zhèn)}火險責任擴展條款 被保險貨物運抵目的地香港（包括九龍在內(nèi)）或澳門卸離運輸工具后，有的須存放在過戶銀行指定的倉庫

60、內(nèi)，如果在此存?zhèn)}期間發(fā)生火災，保險公司負責賠償由此造成的損失。4. Import and Export Insurance Practice in China(1) Export Insurance 我國出口貨物一般采取逐筆投保的辦法。按FOB或CFR術語成交的出口貨物，賣方無辦理投保的義務.但賣方在履行交貨之前，貨物自倉庫到裝船這段時間內(nèi)，仍承擔貨物可能遭受意外損失的風險，需自行安排這段時間內(nèi)的保險事宜。按CIF或CIP等術語成交的出口貨物，賣方負有辦理保險的責任.The date of insurance certificate should not be later than the d